Studies and documentary statements relating to governmental policy as it affects population.
Studies relating primarily to national and international population policies and development assistance for population activities. Studies of policies affecting the quality of populations that are not covered by L.4. Demographic Factors and Human Genetics are classified under this heading.
65:41504 Asian Population and Development
Association (Tokyo, Japan). Population policies in
Asia. APDA Resource Series, No. 6, Mar 1998. 77 pp. Tokyo, Japan.
In Eng.
This report contains descriptions of population policies in
six Asian countries and Australia. These Asian countries are China,
Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Separate
consideration is given to policies concerning fertility, mortality,
migration, and population structure.
Correspondence: Asian
Population and Development Association, 3F Collins 3 Building, 1-5-1
Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0022, Japan. E-mail: apdatyoj@gol.com.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41505 Barrett, Deborah; Tsui, Amy
O. Policy as symbolic statement: international response to
national population policies. Social Forces, Vol. 78, No. 1, Sep
1999. 213-33 pp. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
"Traditional studies of state policies tend to focus on the
achievement of the policies' stated ends. But policies, as systems of
meaning and expressions of legitimate statehood, signal various
meanings to national and international audiences. In this article, we
demonstrate the importance of the symbolic and international realms by
investigating the impact of population policies on patterns of
financial assistance from international donor organizations. We find
that developing countries with policies are more likely to (1) receive
population assistance, and (2) receive greater amounts of funding than
are countries without policies. These results suggest that studies of
policy outcomes should not only evaluate local, intended consequences,
but how national policies as international symbols may foster other
types of consequences."
This is a revised version of a paper
originally presented at the 1996 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America.
Correspondence: D. Barrett,
University of North Carolina, Carolina Population Center, University
Square, CB 8120, 124 East Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-3997.
E-mail: dbarrett@email.unc.edu. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41506 Blackorby, Charles; Bossert, Walter;
Donaldson, David. Foreign aid and population policy: some
ethical considerations. Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 59,
No. 2, Aug 1999. 203-32 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes a two-period foreign-aid model where
assistance can be given in the form of consumption or
population-control aid. Population size in period 2 is endogenous.
Using the family of ethical principles called critical-level
utilitarianism (CLU), we examine the properties of ethically optimal
resource allocations. Our results show that the direction of the
ethical response of population size to changes in the cost of
population control and the size of the grant depends on the
relationship between the critical level of well-being, an ethical
parameter, and the standard of living in the recipient
country."
Correspondence: D. Donaldson, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada. E-mail:
dvdd@interchange.ubc.ca. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPIA).
65:41507 Chee, Stephen; House, William J.;
Lewis, Laurie. Population policies and programmes in the
post-ICPD era: Can the Pacific Island countries meet the
challenge? Asia-Pacific Population Journal, Vol. 14, No. 1, Mar
1999. 3-20 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
"This article
assesses the current population and development situation in the
Pacific island countries, discusses the significance of population
variables in the search for sustainable development, and highlights
future key actions that need to be taken by governments and development
partners to further implement the recommendations of the Programme of
Action adopted at the 1994 International Conference on Population and
Development so that there will be a major positive contribution to the
quality of life of the people of these island countries and territories
in the years to come."
Correspondence: S. Chee, UNFPA,
Country Support Team, P.O. Box 441, Suva, Fiji. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41508 Dumon, Wilfried A.
Recent trends and new prospects of family policies in West European
countries. In: Demographie und Politik, edited by Jürgen
Dorbritz and Johannes Otto. 1999. 67-81 pp. Bundesinstitut für
Bevölkerungsforschung: Wiesbaden, Germany. In Eng.
"The
growing process of differentiation of our society which has led to
specific policies addressing the issues of gender and
age-stratification (emancipation policy, child policy, youth policy,
policy for the aged, policy for the handicapped, policy combating
social exclusion) undoubtedly cannot be amalgamated into one large
family policy, yet the family dimension should be taken into
consideration in all these specific policies, as it should be taken
into account in the general policies addressing social, economic, and
cultural issues." The geographical focus is on the countries of
Europe, excluding Eastern Europe.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41509 Dumont,
Gérard-François. Population trends and the
challenge posed by development planning. [Evolutions
démographiques et défis de l'aménagement du
territoire.] In: Démographie et aménagement du
territoire: actes du Xe colloque national de démographie.
Bordeaux--21, 22, 23 mai 1996, edited by Janine d'Armagnac, Chantal
Blayo, and Alain Parant. 1999. 413-20 pp. Conférence
Universitaire de Démographie et d'Etude des Populations [CUDEP]:
Paris, France; Presses Universitaires de France: Paris, France. In Fre.
The relationship between development planning and population
dynamics is explored using the example of France. The focus is on the
extent to which demographic factors can be and are taken into account
in the development of social and economic plans in the
country.
Correspondence: G.-F. Dumont, Université
Paris-Sorbonne, 191 rue Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41510 Etchelecou, André.
Demography and development planning: a challenge for sustainable
development. [Démographie et aménagement du
territoire: un défi pour le développement durable.] In:
Démographie et aménagement du territoire: actes du Xe
colloque national de démographie. Bordeaux--21, 22, 23 mai 1996,
edited by Janine d'Armagnac, Chantal Blayo, and Alain Parant. 1999.
457-66 pp. Conférence Universitaire de Démographie et
d'Etude des Populations [CUDEP]: Paris, France; Presses Universitaires
de France: Paris, France. In Fre.
The extent to which demographic
factors are taken into account in the process of planning for
sustainable development is explored. The author concludes that
demographic factors are more often than not used as an excuse for
development projects rather than becoming an integral part of the
planning process.
Correspondence: A. Etchelecou,
Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Centre de Recherches
sur les Interactions Socio-Spatiales et l'Aménagement, 68 rue
Montpensier, B.P. 576 Pau-Université, 64010 Pau Cedex, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41511 Höhn, Charlotte.
Advising policy-makers in population matters. Round-table
discussion at the occasion of the 25th anniversary of the BiB,
Wiesbaden, November 26, 1998. Materialien zur
Bevölkerungswissenschaft, No. 93, 1999. 100 pp. Bundesinstitut
für Bevölkerungsforschung: Wiesbaden, Germany. In Eng.
This publication contains the contributions of a group of German
and international demographers who participated in a round-table
discussion held to celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary of the German
Institute for Population Studies (BiB). The common theme was the issue
of advising policymakers on population matters. The contributions were
organized under five headings: General issues; Mortality; International
migration; Fertility; and Aging.
Correspondence:
Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung,
Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 4, Postfach 5528, 65180 Wiesbaden, Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41512 King, Maurice. The U.S.
Department of State is policing the population policy lockstep.
British Medical Journal, Vol. 319, No. 7215, Oct 9, 1999. 998-1,001 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
"A tight taboo prevents demographers
and United Nations agencies from confronting demographic entrapment.
Defections from this taboo are apt to be policed by the U.S. Department
of State; the presumed reason for this is that radical reduction in
number of births in the South (one child families) would question
resource consumption in the North. The major health programme of the
new millennium has to be a one child world, linked to moderation in
resource consumption in the North. Entrapment is merely the worst of
many problems (poverty, malnutrition, etc.) in which population plays a
large part; to make it taboo...is to hinder the resolution of these
other problems also."
Correspondence: M. King, 1 bis
Rue du Tir, Geneva 1204, Switzerland. E-mail: mhking@iprolink.ch.
Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).
65:41513 Kuumba, M. Bahati. A
cross-cultural race/class/gender critique of contemporary population
policy: the impact of globalization. Sociological Forum, Vol. 14,
No. 3, Sep 1999. 447-63 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This
manuscript offers a race/class/gender critique of population policy
using women of African descent cross-culturally as illustration. The
ways in which global population policies simultaneously facilitate
racial inequality, class exploitation, and gender subordination are of
particular interest. It further explores the relationship between
repressive reproductive polity, or `reproductive imperialism', and the
current trends toward increasing international economic polarization.
An approach to the understanding of population policy that highlights
the reproductive and productive capacities of African women offers a
particular vantage point from which to examine this relationship
between population control and global capitalist
interests."
Correspondence: M. B. Kuumba, Buffalo
State College, Sociology Department, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, NY
14222. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
65:41514 Miró, Carmen A.
Latin America: population and population policies between Bucharest
and Cairo. [América Latina: la población y las
políticas de población entre Bucarest y El Cairo.]
Papeles de Población, Vol. 5, No. 20, Apr-Jun 1999. 9-23 pp.
Toluca, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
Changes in the dynamics
of population in Latin America between the two world population
conferences held in Bucharest in 1974 and Cairo in 1994 are reviewed,
as are the changes in population policies that occurred over the same
period. The focus is on how government perceptions of population issues
changed over time in response to changing demographic conditions and a
growing public awareness of population issues; the increasing emphasis
on reproductive rights, including access to the means of fertility
control, is also discussed.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41515 Novick, Susana. The
Argentine position in three world population conferences. [La
posición argentina en las tres conferencias mundiales de
población.] Papeles de Población, Vol. 5, No. 20, Apr-Jun
1999. 25-67 pp. Toluca, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"The
article studies and describes the position of different [Argentine]
governments as they were submitted to the three World Population
Conferences held over the past twenty years: Bucharest (1974), Mexico
City (1984), Cairo (1994). A comparative analysis of the official
documents written up for those international meetings within the
historical context in which they originate[d] helps to understand the
evolution of this particular subject. Over the last few decades
international organizations have noticeably gained increasing
importance in the formulation of each country's domestic policy, and
the topic of population is no exception to this general
trend."
Correspondence: S. Novick, Universidad de
Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales "Gino
Germani", Calle Viamonte 430/444, 1053 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41516 Palomba, Rossella; Moors,
Hein. Population, family and welfare: a comparative survey
of European attitudes, Volume 2. [1998]. [277] pp. Clarendon
Press: Oxford, England. In Eng.
Results from a series of surveys
carried out in various European countries in the early 1990s on
attitudes and acceptance of population policies are presented.
"The main goal of these surveys was to analyse the values and
attitudes affecting couples' decisions regarding procreation, the
perception of the advantages of having children, Europeans' aspirations
in life, their favourite living arrangements and their preferences in
the task of reconciling work and family for mothers. The impact of
population-oriented policy on the workplace and family was also
considered." The countries involved were Austria, Belgium, the
former Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain,
and Switzerland. The focus in this volume is on a comparative
perspective among the various countries in which the surveys were
conducted.
Correspondence: Oxford University Press, Walton
Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, England. Location: Institut National
d'Etudes Demographiques, Paris, France.
Government policies aimed at directly influencing fertility and nuptiality, and policies with an indirect effect on fertility such as family allowances, pregnancy and maternity benefits, infant welfare measures, and government regulation of fertility controls, including abortion.
65:41517 Akkerman, Abraham; He, Jiao
Sheng. Economic reforms and family planning in China: the
one-child policy in rural Guangdong, 1979-1990. Canadian Studies
in Population, Vol. 26, No. 1, 1999. 39-65 pp. Edmonton, Canada. In
Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"The last two censuses of China have
shown that fertility in the province of Guangdong had declined less
precipitously than in the rest of China. The observation made here is
that the relatively moderate decline in the province's fertility
appears to be due to a relaxed implementation of the official one-child
policy in some rural areas of China, including rural Guangdong....
[Results suggest] that, within rural Guangdong, population policy had a
stronger impact on fertility decline in the economically disadvantaged
Mountain counties than in its more developed areas such as the Delta
counties of the Han and Pearl Rivers."
Correspondence:
A. Akkerman, University of Saskatchewan, Department of Geography,
9 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5A5, Canada. E-mail:
akkerman@sask.usask.ca. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:41518 Critchlow, Donald T. The
politics of abortion and birth control in historical perspective.
ISBN 0-271-01570-5. LC 95-38897. 1996. 181 pp. Pennsylvania State
University Press: University Park, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
This
collective work, which was originally published as a special issue of
the Journal of Policy History in 1995, contains eight articles on the
history of policies in the United States concerning family planning and
induced abortion. The contents are: Birth control, population control,
and family planning: an overview, by Donald T. Critchlow; The
birth-control movement before Roe v. Wade, by James W. Reed;
"Sound law and undoubtedly good policy": Roe v. Wade in
comparative perspective, by Ian Mylchreest; World population growth,
family planning, and American foreign policy, by John Sharpless;
Cultural politics at the edge of life, by James D. Hunter and Joseph E.
Davis; The right to life movement: sources, development, and
strategies, by Keith Cassidy; and The survival of the pro-choice
movement, by Suzanne Staggenborg. A selected bibliography compiled by
Critchlow and Christina Sanders is also
included.
Correspondence: Pennsylvania State University
Press, Barbara Building, Suite C, University Park, PA 16802-1003.
Location: Population Council Library, New York, NY.
65:41519 Kamerman, Sheila B.; Kahn, Alfred
J. Family change and family policies in Great Britain,
Canada, New Zealand, and the United States. Family Change and
Family Policies in the West, Vol. 1, ISBN 0-19-829025-X. 1997. xii, 463
pp. Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This volume is
the first in a series reporting on a multi-country exploration of the
family policy of the modern welfare state.... The term `family policy'
includes laws, regulations, benefits, and programmes (sometimes)
deliberately and explicitly designed to achieve specific objectives
with or for individuals in their family roles or for the family unit as
a whole." The focus is on families with children. This volume is
concerned with the United Kingdom, Canada, New Zealand, and the United
States; subsequent volumes in the series examine family policies in
other developed countries.
Correspondence: Oxford
University Press, Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, England.
Location: Princeton University Library.
65:41520 Kane, Penny; Choi, Ching Y.
China's one child family policy. British Medical Journal, Vol.
319, No. 7215, Oct 9, 1999. 992-4 pp. London, England. In Eng.
This
is a general description of China's one-child policy based on
information gathered in frequent visits over the past 25 years and a
review of the published literature. "The one child family policy
was developed and implemented in response to concerns about the social
and economic consequences of continued rapid population growth.
Implementation was more successful in urban areas than rural areas.
Social and economic reforms have made rigorous implementation of the
policy more difficult. The main criticism of the policy is its stimulus
to discrimination against females, who may be aborted, abandoned, or
unregistered. The policy has eased some of the pressures of rapid
population increase on communities, reducing the population by at least
250 million."
Correspondence: P. Kane, University of
Melbourne, Department of Psychiatry, Office for Gender and Health,
Carlton, Victoria 2053, Australia. Location: Princeton
University Library (SZ).
65:41521 Keil, Thomas J.; Andreescu,
Viviana. Fertility policy in Ceausescu's Romania.
Journal of Family History, Vol. 24, No. 4, Oct 1999. 478-92 pp.
Thousand Oaks, California. In Eng.
"This study tests a model
for the impact that Ceausescu's pro-natalist policies had on the
Romanian fertility rate between 1967 and 1989. Using time-series
analysis, the authors' findings show that the Ceausescu regime
continually struggled with the Romanian population to increase the
national birthrate. As a result of the regime's policies, there was a
significant increase in overall fertility between 1967 and 1989, when
the Ceausescu regime was overthrown.... This article also presents a
model of what has happened to the Romanian fertility rate since 1989,
showing that there has been a significant decline in fertility in the
post-Communist period."
Correspondence: T. J. Keil,
Arizona State University, Department of Sociology, Tempe, AZ
85287-1104. Source: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41522 Kent, Mary M. Shrinking
societies favor procreation. Population Today, Vol. 27, No. 12,
Dec 1999. 4-5 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The growing concern
among a number of countries that their fertility rates have sunk too
low is noted. Specific information is provided on measures designed to
increase fertility adopted in Hungary, Sweden, and
Japan.
Correspondence: M. M. Kent, Population Reference
Bureau, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 520, Washington, D.C.
20009-5728. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41523 Krause, Martina.
Reproductive health and gender perspectives: new research trends
and results in Mexico. [Reproduktive Gesundheit und
Geschlechterperspektive: neue Forschungslinien und Ergebnisse in
Mexico.] In: Demographie und Politik, edited by Jürgen Dorbritz
and Johannes Otto. 1999. 253-71 pp. Bundesinstitut für
Bevölkerungsforschung: Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger.
The author
argues that a focus on the reproductive health of women, including the
support of sexual and reproductive autonomy and the attainment of
gender equality, is the only effective replacement for the older
concepts and practices of population policy, whose focus was on
reducing fertility directly. Using the example of Mexico, she
demonstrates that efforts to improve reproductive health lower the
fertility rate by opening up alternatives to motherhood for women,
rather than by simply filling an "unmet need" for family
planning.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41524 Kwon, Tai-Hwan. The
national family planning program and fertility transition in
Korea. East-West Center Working Papers, Population Series, No.
88-20, Aug 1997. 28 pp. East-West Center: Honolulu, Hawaii. In Eng.
The author investigates "the major features of fertility
control policy, the trends and patterns of fertility transition, and
the implications of the policy on fertility transition in
Korea."
Correspondence: East-West Center, 1777
East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848 Author's E-mail:
isssnu@dacom.Chollian.co.kr. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41525 Lohkamp-Himmighofen,
Marlene. Family policy measures on the occasion of
maternity and for rearing small children in the EU countries, Norway,
and Switzerland. [Familienpolitische Maßnahmen bei
Mutterschaft und der Erziehung von Kleinkindern in den Mitgliedstaaten
der EU, Norwegen und der Schweiz.] Zeitschrift für
Bevölkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 24, No. 1, 1999. 47-64 pp.
Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"This paper
provides an up-to-date account of...the measures adopted [in the
European Union] to enable parents to combine family and career. At the
heart of the analysis are the regulations governing maternity leave and
benefit, paternity leave, parental leave and benefit as well as the
crediting of the years spent rearing children to pension schemes
currently in force in the 15 EU member states and the neighbouring
countries of Switzerland and Norway. The differences between the
structures and emphases of the various national measures adopted are
exposed and the EU Directives on the protection of mothers and the
provision of parental leave presented.... Five different European
models can be outlined and the economic and political backgrounds to
these models explained."
Correspondence: M.
Lohkamp-Himmighofen, Im Schmalzacker 38, 53125 Bonn, Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41526 Mundigo, Axel I.
Population and abortion policies in China: their impact on minority
nationalities. Human Evolution, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1999. 207-30 pp.
Florence, Italy. In Eng.
"The history of abortion in China is
closely linked to the evolution of the country's population policy over
the past four decades. Abortion in China has been legal since 1953 and
is widely available through services offered by the country's national
family planning program. In 1971...the government of China...decided to
make a concerted effort to lower demographic growth by means of an
effective birth planning campaign and services backed up with legal and
safe abortion. Within a decade, in 1979, China strengthened its policy
and imposed...the One-Child Family Policy. Ethnic minorities were at
first exempt from demographic policies but more recently pressure has
been increasingly applied to them to control their fertility. Abortion
is now prevalent among nearly all Chinese ethnic minorities.... The
paper represents an effort to reverse the gap and confusion in the
existing literature on ethnic group response to population and family
planning policies in China."
Correspondence: A. I.
Mundigo, Center for Health and Social Policy, P.O. Box 994, Manchester,
VT 05254. E-mail: 102724.2417@compuserve.com. Location:
Princeton University Library (SZ).
65:41527 Powell, Mark. The
pronatalist undercurrent of the $500-per-child tax credit.
Population and Environment, Vol. 20, No. 5, May 1999. 455-65 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng.
"A review of studies which find a
positive impact of tax structure on American fertility suggests this
effect will increase with the tax benefits legislated by the 1997
$500-per-child tax credit. The tax credit also resembles pronatalist
family allowances in other developed countries. First, however, the
article investigates the intent of the tax credit, showing that key
supporters hope it will increase fertility among tax paying Americans.
Lastly, the pronatalist undercurrent of the tax credit suggests that
future efforts will push for further increasing the tax benefits of
children in order to increase the American birth
rate."
Correspondence: M. Powell, 123 Lower Welden
Street, St. Albans, VT 05478. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41528 Roudi, Farzaneh. Iran's
revolutionary approach to family planning. Population Today, Vol.
27, No. 7, Jul-Aug 1999. 4-5 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The
author outlines family planning policies in Iran since the 1960s.
Aspects considered include demand for family planning, fertility
decline, and population projections.
Correspondence: F.
Roudi, Population Reference Bureau, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite
520, Washington, D.C. 20009-5728. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41529 Scharping, Thomas. The
Chinese one-child policy, 1979-1997: a summary regarding demographics
and family policy. [Die chinesische Ein-Kind-Politik 1979-1997:
Eine demographische und bevölkerungspolitische Bestandsaufnahme.]
In: Demographie und Politik, edited by Jürgen Dorbritz and
Johannes Otto. 1999. 132-42 pp. Bundesinstitut für
Bevölkerungsforschung: Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger.
This
article examines the effects of China's one-child policy on population
dynamics in general and on families in particular. The author notes
that contrary to expectations, first births still constitute only 50%
of total births due to the large number of unapproved or unregistered
births. There has been no significant trend toward later marriage and
first birth as yet; in fact, maternal age at first birth has declined.
Rural areas have more large families than urban ones, and also have the
highest sex ratio. The author concludes by sketching out the elements
of governmental family policy, which consists of programs to enforce
family planning and distribute contraception, coupled with sanctions
for higher-order births. He also notes the high level of circumvention
of China's family policies, causing unreliable data and future
population levels significantly higher than predicted. On the other
hand, demographic aging is predicted to become a problem for China by
the year 2040.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:41530 Schott, Jürgen. The
demographic evaluation of pronatalist policies. [Zur
demographischen Bewertung pronatalistischer Politik.] In: Demographie
und Politik, edited by Jürgen Dorbritz and Johannes Otto. 1999.
85-98 pp. Bundesinstitut für Bevölkerungsforschung:
Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger.
A model is developed to evaluate the
demographic effects of pronatalist family policies. The author
concludes that in industrialized countries, the urge to reproduce is
being counterbalanced by an urge to stabilize one's personal existence
by participating in modern societal life, including employment. It is
suggested that the only way to increase fertility would be to
strengthen the value of families at the expense of the current social
system, which has to a certain extent replaced them. The author does
not consider this a realistic proposition.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41531 Vlassoff, Michael. Where
has India's family planning programme gone? Demography India, Vol.
28, No. 1, Jan-Jun 1999. 99-109 pp. Delhi, India. In Eng.
"Fifty years of Independence and forty-five years of planned
interventions for population control--where is India now and where does
it want to go?... There have been significant transitions over this
time, including rapid policy changes during the last decade. On the one
hand, these changes have meant the designing of a comprehensive
programme in accordance with new, internationally affirmed approaches.
On the other hand, frequent policy programme shifts have also led to
uncertainty and confusion among programme personnel.... What is being
suggested here is that national policy should accommodate itself better
to different situations in different parts of India. The RCH
[reproductive and child health] programme is supposed to be
client-based and, to the extent that approach actually becomes a
reality, the different needs in different regions will, of course, tend
to be met. But even at the macro-level, national policy should be
bifurcated into one set of policies aimed more at concerns for
population growth for some areas, and another set of policies aimed at
`post ICPD' concerns for other areas."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
Government policies relating to emigration, immigration, and population resettlement. See also the appropriate categories under H. Migration that include general studies also covering policy issues.
65:41532 Adepoju, Aderanti.
Linking population policies to international migration in
Sub-Saharan Africa. In: Emigration dynamics in developing
countries. Volume I: Sub-Saharan Africa, edited by Reginald Appleyard.
1998. 301-37 pp. Ashgate: Brookfield, Vermont/Aldershot, England. In
Eng.
This "chapter focuses on how population policies in
[Sub-Saharan Africa] are, or could be, linked to migration, internal
and especially international, through the intermediary of the
population growth-labour force-employment-migration continuum. He
argues that the region's rapidly growing population and labour force
constrain economic development and are a likely cause of increasing
emigration pressure, intensifying migratory flows directed to
neighbouring countries and outwards to some countries of the North....
[The author] stresses the need for an appropriate development package
for Africa that would provide ample opportunity for migration to be
factored into processes of change. Since governments in the region
regard migration as a crucial component of the development process,
population policies have to explicitly respond to this expressed need
and incorporate migration dynamics (both internal and international)
into policy goals, objectives, strategies and
progammes."
Correspondence: A. Adepoju, IDEP,
Population, Human Resources and Development in Africa, Dakar, Senegal.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41533 Akande, Jadesola.
International legal treaties and instruments relating to migration
in Sub-Saharan Africa. In: Emigration dynamics in developing
countries. Volume I: Sub-Saharan Africa, edited by Reginald Appleyard.
1998. 338-62 pp. Ashgate: Brookfield, Vermont/Aldershot, England. In
Eng.
This is a review of the Sub-Saharan African subregional
economic organizations' protocols relating to the free movement of
citizens of member states. The author notes that the legal concepts and
framework governing the situation of non-nationals remains a source of
potential conflict, and that many countries are reluctant to accept the
principle of free movement among countries, being unwilling to modify
their internal laws to achieve the free international flow of labor
that is the objective of most subregional
agreements.
Correspondence: J. Akande, University of Lagos,
Faculty of Law, Lagos, Nigeria. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41534 Andreas, Peter. The
escalation of U.S. immigration control in the post-NAFTA era.
Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 113, No. 4, Winter 1998-1999. 591-616
pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"Focusing primarily on the
United States-Mexico border, I examine one of the most prominent and
politically sensitive border policing tasks: controlling illegal
immigration. The rapidly expanding U.S. policing campaign on the
southwest border contrasts sharply with the rhetoric and practice of
U.S.-Mexican economic integration. The trend, it seems, is toward
increasingly restrictive controls over unauthorized immigrant labor
flows in the context of a general loosening of controls over
cross-border economic activity. Even as the North American Free Trade
Agreement (NAFTA) promotes a de-territorialization of the economy, U.S.
border control initiatives reinforce state claims to territorial
authority. Thus, the apparent paradox of U.S.-Mexico integration is
that a barricaded border and a borderless economy are being created
simultaneously."
Correspondence: P. Andreas, Harvard
University, Weatherhead Center for International Affairs, Cambridge, MA
02138. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41535 Archavanitkul, Kritaya; Guest,
Philip. Managing the flow of migration: regional
approaches. IPSR Publication, No. 233, ISBN 974-662-129-7. Apr
1999. xi, 36 pp. Mahidol University, Institute for Population and
Social Research [IPSR]: Nakhon Pathom, Thailand; International
Organization for Migration [IOM]: Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
"The goals of this paper are to: (1) review approaches to
migration management, (2) examine the parties involved in dealing with
managing migration, (3) identify the current approaches related to
migration policy in the ASEAN countries, (4) and, suggest areas where
regional approaches to migration management might be useful. Our paper
focuses almost exclusively on undocumented
migration."
Correspondence: Mahidol University,
Institute for Population and Social Research, Salaya, Phutthamonthon,
Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand. E-mail: directpr@mahidol.ac.th.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41536 Birrell, Bob. The
1999-2000 immigration program. People and Place, Vol. 7, No. 2,
1999. 48-59 pp. Clayton, Australia. In Eng.
"Beginning in July
1999, major changes to the way skilled migrants are selected [in
Australia] will be introduced. The new criteria will better target the
skills needed by Australian employers. However, because overseas
students trained in Australia are to be given the highest selection
priority and because universities are rapidly expanding places for such
students, there is a risk that opportunities for local aspirants in
some professional areas will diminish."
Correspondence:
B. Birrell, Monash University, Centre for Population and Urban
Research, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41537 Bolaffi, Guido. A policy
for immigrants. [Una politica per gli immigrati.] Tendenze, No.
13, ISBN 88-15-05563-0. 1996. 78 pp. Il Mulino: Bologna, Italy. In Ita.
The author makes the case that Italy needs an immigration policy
that takes into account the need to regulate and control immigration in
the light of the country's long-term social and economic requirements,
and not the current hodge-podge of emergency measures that have been
adopted in response to recent immigration
crises.
Correspondence: Società Editrice il Mulino,
Strada Maggiore 37, 40125 Bologna, Italy. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41538 Dávila, Alberto; Pagán,
José A.; Viladrich Grau, Montserrat. Immigration
reform, the INS, and the distribution of interior and border
enforcement resources. Public Choice, Vol. 99, No. 3-4, 1999.
327-45 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper
investigates the [U.S.] Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS)
interior and border enforcement effort allocation choice following the
enactment of IRCA [Immigration Reform and Control Act] in 1986. The INS
increasingly allocated a disproportionate amount of resources along the
border as a result of the new law. It is contended that this behavior
is consistent with that of a public agency intent on maximizing its
budget and not in accord with minimizing the undocumented population in
the United States. The theory developed here is then used to evaluate
proposals that could potentially reconcile the INS's objectives with
those of the policy makers and the public."
Correspondence:
A. Dávila, University of Texas Pan American, Edinburg, TX
78539-2999. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
65:41539 d'Haëm, Rudolph.
The entry and length of stay of foreigners in France.
[L'entrée et le séjour des étrangers en France.]
Que Sais-Je?, ISBN 2-13-049771-3. Jan 1999. [125] pp. Presses
Universitaires de France: Paris, France. In Fre.
This study
examines the laws governing immigration in France, focusing on the
legislation defining the rights and responsibilities of immigrants. Th
first part examines the various legislative, constitutional, bilateral,
and jurisprudential sources of foreigners' legal rights in France. The
second part examines the content of these rights as they concern
different categories of foreigner, the right of asylum, penal sanctions
for infractions, and measures governing the expulsion of
foreigners.
Correspondence: Presses Universitaires de
France, 108 boulevard Saint-Germain, 75006 Paris, France. Location:
Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques, Paris, France.
65:41540 Espenshade, Thomas J.; Baraka,
Jessica L.; Huber, Gregory A. Restructuring incentives for
U.S. immigration. In: Migration and restructuring in the United
States: a geographic perspective, edited by Kavita Pandit and Suzanne
D. Withers. 1999. 113-36 pp. Rowman and Littlefield: Lanham,
Maryland/London, England. In Eng.
The authors examine the impact on
immigration of two pieces of U.S. federal legislation signed into law
in 1996, the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity
Reconciliation Act and the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant
Responsibility Act. "We suggest that the combined effects of the
1996 immigration and welfare reforms will produce unintended, and
possibly undesirable, consequences.... We will argue that the 1996
reform measures, instead of preserving legal immigration and
discouraging illegal immigration, are more likely to reduce legal
immigration and expand incentives for illegal
immigration."
Correspondence: T. J. Espenshade,
Princeton University, Office of Population Research, 21 Prospect
Avenue, Princeton, NJ 08544-2091. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41541 Feldblum, Miriam; Klusmeyer,
Douglas. Immigrants and citizenship today: a comparative
perspective. Research Perspectives on Migration, Vol. 2, No. 2,
1999. 19 pp. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, International
Migration Policy Program: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"In this
special issue...we address...questions of citizenship and immigration
in three sections: (1) Integrating Foreigners, (2) When Immigrants
Naturalize, and (3) After Nationality, Then What? This issue spotlights
the developing trends in citizenship in the United States, Western
Europe, Canada, and Israel by explaining new research on states'
immigrant integration practices, nationality policies, immigrants'
membership and naturalization choices, and supranational
citizenship."
Correspondence: Carnegie Endowment for
International Peace, International Migration Policy Program, 1779
Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20036. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41542 Ghosh, Jayati; Pyrce, Vanessa
J. Canadian immigration policy: responses to changing
trends. Geography, Vol. 84, Pt. 3, No. 364, Jul 1999. 233-40 pp.
Sheffield, England. In Eng.
"The present [Canadian]
immigration policy is highly selective; it encourages immigrants who
can make a positive contribution to the economy, and who will make
minimal demands on the country's immigration services. However, many
immigrants, especially the non-skilled dependents of skilled and
well-educated applicants, need such services and further cuts in
provision could be to the country's long-term
disadvantage."
Correspondence: J. Ghosh, University of
Wisconsin, Department of Geography, 800 West Main Street, Whitewater,
WI 53190. E-mail: ghoshj@uwwvax.uww.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
65:41543 Goulbourne, Selina. Law
and migration. International Library of Studies on Migration, ISBN
1-85898-039-9. 1997. [455] pp. Edward Elgar Publishing: Northampton,
Massachusetts/Cheltenham, England. In Eng.
This volume presents a
selection of previously published studies that address both theoretical
and policy issues concerning migration laws and the rights of
individual migrants. The 15 papers presented are organized into four
parts: International law and the protection of human rights;
International law and refugees; Constitutionalism, due process and the
courts; and Race, gender and class issues in immigration and asylum
law. The geographical focus is worldwide.
Correspondence:
Edward Elgar Publishing, 8 Lansdown Place, Cheltenham GL50 2HU,
England. E-mail: Info@e-elgar.co.uk. Location: Institut
National d'Etudes Demographiques, Paris, France.
65:41544 Guild, Elspeth; Niessen,
Jan. The developing immigration and asylum policies of the
European Union. ISBN 90-411-0254-X. 1996. xvii, 528 pp. Kluwer Law
International: The Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Just as free
movement and equal treatment were of crucial importance for the
development of the European Community, so common policies on
immigration and asylum are indispensable for the deepening of the
European Union. This book summarises, against the backdrop of the
developing overall goals of the European Community and the European
Union, the outcome of European policy-making in these fields.
Furthermore, the book contains the important texts concluded by the
Member States in the field of immigration and asylum, both
intergovernmentally and within the Third Pillar of the Maastricht
Treaty. The commentary analyses the contents of each document by
reference to the existing international human rights obligations of the
Member States."
Correspondence: Kluwer Law
International, P.O. Box 85889, 2508 CN The Hague, Netherlands. E-mail:
Alan.Stephens@KLI.WKAP.NL. Location: Princeton University
Library.
65:41545 Hanson, Gordon H.; Robertson,
Raymond; Spilimbergo, Antonio. Does border enforcement
protect U.S. workers from illegal immigration? NBER Working Paper,
No. 7054, Mar 1999. 38, [11] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research
[NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"In this paper, we
examine the impact of government enforcement of the U.S.-Mexican border
on wages in the border regions of the United States and Mexico.... We
examine labor markets in southern California, southwestern Texas, and
Mexican cities on the U.S.-Mexico border. For each region, we have
high-frequency time-series data on wages and on the number of person
hours that the U.S. Border Patrol spends policing border areas. For a
range of empirical specifications and definitions of regional labor
markets, we find little impact of border enforcement on wages in U.S.
border cities and a moderate negative impact of border enforcement on
wages in Mexican border cities. These findings are consistent with two
hypotheses: (1) border enforcement has a minimal impact on illegal
immigration, or (2) immigration from Mexico has a minimal impact on
wages in U.S. border cities."
Correspondence: National
Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA
02138. Author's E-mail: gohanson@umich.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
65:41546 Harouni, Rahma. The
debate over a statute for immigrants in France in the 1930s. [Le
débat autour du statut des étrangers dans les
années 1930.] Le Mouvement Social, No. 188, Jul-Sep 1999. 61-75
pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"A public debate
on migration policies was initiated in France by the great slump of the
1930s. Owing to the precarious situation of the foreigners, [who were]
either economic migrants threatened [by repatriation] by the
Laval-Flandin decrees or political refugees forbidden to work, the
associations and left political parties joined in a committee: the
`Centre de liaison des comités pour le statut des
immigrés'. It raised great expectations as the Front Populaire
had just been elected. Throughout the history of this union and of the
repetitive failures of the various plans drawn for the Statute of
Immigrants, the article sets forth the contradictions of the French
left confronted with the question of immigration, the helplessness of
the Front Populaire faced with political innovation in the matter and
at last the obstacles set up by the traditional State controlled
practices, those of a pragmatic policy of adjustment issued by the
concerned ministries (Home and Foreign office)."
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
65:41547 Haus, Leah. Labor unions
and immigration policy in France. International Migration Review,
Vol. 33, No. 3, Fall 1999. 683-716 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"While [French labor unions] continue to favor some
restrictionist measures, they have modified their positions with
respect to a number of aspects of French immigration policy and have
opposed some restrictionist measures considered or adopted by various
French governments in the 1980s and 1990s. This study seeks to
understand this multidimensional approach of unions and to account for
the variation in preferences of unions at those times when unemployment
hit in the interwar period and in recent years. The study asks to what
extent the explanation is enhanced by considering changing union
assumptions on the ability of the state to control effectively
migration due to economic
internationalization."
Correspondence: L. Haus, Vassar
College, Poughkeepsie, NY 12601. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41548 Hernández Borge,
Julio. The woman in Spanish migratory legislation.
[La mujer en la legislación emigratoria española.]
Estudios Migratorios Latinoamericanos, Vol. 13, No. 39, Aug 1998.
223-38 pp. Buenos Aires, Argentina. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"The aim of the present paper is to analyse the treatment of
women in the Spanish migratory legislation, because it had an influence
on the feminine presence in the contemporary migration streams. The
laws reflect the sexist structure of the society and the traditional
feminine subordination to men. In this paper the Spanish legislation
from the middle of last century to the present time is
reviewed."
Correspondence: J. Hernández Borge,
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Plaza de la Universidad 1, 15071
Santiago de Compostela, Spain. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41549 Heyman, Josiah M. Why
interdiction? Immigration control at the United States-Mexico
border. Regional Studies, Vol. 33, No. 7, Oct 1999. 619-30 pp.
Abingdon, England. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"International borders are open to some movements and forbid
others. These roles appear to be opposites, with intensified
cross-border transactions accompanied by heightened interdiction of
unauthorized immigrants and narcotics. This is an outcome of the
contradictory political interests and ideas which promote and oppose
globalization. These political processes not only shape general
policies, but are expressed in the specific tasks and technologies
applied by border control agencies. They are revealed through detailed
ethnographic fieldwork on U.S. agencies on the Mexican border,
including the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS), its Border
Patrol and Inspection branches, the U.S. Customs and the
military."
Correspondence: J. M. Heyman, Michigan
Technological University, Department of Social Sciences, 1400 Townsend
Drive, Houghton, MI 49931-1295. Location: Princeton University
Library (UES).
65:41550 Hill, Lloyd B. Democracy
and human rights: a paradox for migration policy. Africa Insight,
Vol. 27, No. 3, 1997. 188-99 pp. Pretoria, South Africa. In Eng.
"The purpose of this article is twofold. Its first aim is to
provoke a debate on an apparent tension between two of the guiding
norms of the new order [in South Africa]--democracy and human rights.
This tension results from a discrepancy between the levels at which the
two concepts operate, and this will be elaborated on in due course.
This tension can be observed in a number of foreign and domestic policy
contexts.... The second purpose is thus to explore this tension within
the context of a specific policy issue: transnational migration.
Migration is an issue which--perhaps more than any other--is situated
within that precarious nexus between domestic and foreign policy. For
this reason trends in regional and international migration hold
important implications for the choice of appropriate migration
strategies, and for the impact of these within the domestic context of
democratic `nation building' and the broader context of Southern
African `regional development'."
Correspondence: L. B.
Hill, University of Stellenbosch, Centre for International and
Comparative Politics, Stellenbosch 7600, Cape Province, South Africa.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
65:41551 Koser, Khalid; Black,
Richard. Limits to harmonization: the "temporary
protection" of refugees in the European Union. International
Migration, Vol. 37, No. 3, 1999. 521-43 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This article examines the limits to
harmonization at the level of the European Union through a case study
of policy towards people who fled the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina in
the early 1990s. Specific attention is paid to the development of the
policy of granting `temporary protection' instead of full refugee
status to Bosnian asylum-seekers, which stretched across all fifteen
member states. It is argued that `temporary protection' emerged as a
set of specific responses to the outbreak of war in the former
Yugoslavia, involving compromises between states' desires to restrict
asylum on the one hand, but meet demand from public opinion and
international organizations to offer protection to refugees on the
other."
Correspondence: K. Koser, University College
London, Department of Geography, Migration Research Unit, Gower Street,
London WC1E 6BT, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41552 Massey, Douglas S.
International migration at the dawn of the twenty-first century:
the role of the state. Population and Development Review, Vol. 25,
No. 2, Jun 1999. 303-22, 406-7, 409 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This note reviews recent theoretical
and empirical work on the determinants and efficacy of state
immigration policies to draw conclusions about the future direction of
policy regimes throughout the globe and their likely effects. An age of
increasingly restrictive immigration policies is emerging, but it is
still unclear how effective these policies will be in controlling the
volume and composition of international migration. States can be
located along a continuum of efficacy with respect to the imposition of
restrictive policies. Unfortunately virtually all research done to date
has focused on the effectiveness of restrictive policies in major
immigrant-receiving developed countries."
Correspondence:
D. S. Massey, University of Pennsylvania, Population Studies
Center, 3718 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6298. E-mail:
dmassey@lexis.pop.upenn.edu. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41553 Money, Jeannette. Fences
and neighbors: the political geography of immigration control.
ISBN 0-8014-3570-6. LC 98-46766. 1999. xii, 247 pp. Cornell University
Press: Ithaca, New York/London, England. In Eng.
This study
examines why some countries welcome immigrants and some do not, and why
immigration policies change over time. The focus is on the wealthiest
countries, which are magnets for both economic migrants and refugees.
Particular attention is given to the political implications of the fact
that immigrants tend to concentrate in specific locations in their new
country of residence. "Drawing on detailed evidence from Britain,
France, and Australia, and more briefly from the United States, [the
author] demonstrates that local support for and opposition to
immigration is contingent upon economic conditions, as well as the
numbers of foreigners entering the country and their access to the
resources of the welfare state. Whether these local pressures are
translated into policies of openness or closure at the national level
depends on whether the local constituencies are critical to maintaining
or gaining a national electoral majority."
Correspondence:
Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street,
Ithaca, NY 14850. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:41554 Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development [OECD] (Paris, France).
Immigrants, integration and cities: exploring the links. OECD
Proceedings, ISBN 92-64-16068-X. LC 98-180150. 1998. 194 pp. Paris,
France. In Eng.
This volume contains a selection of papers prepared
for a 1996 OECD meeting on immigration and urban development.
"This publication analyzes in detail the nature and content of
policies being implemented to promote the integration of immigrants in
urban areas. It examines how the changing socio-economic context in
cities may affect immigrants and the advantages and disadvantages of
urban concentrations of immigrants.... It also highlights the
importance of associating not only immigrants and key local actors, but
the concerned wider population as well, in defining and implementing
urban development and integration
policies."
Correspondence: Organisation for Economic
Co-operation and Development, 2 rue André-Pascal, 75775 Paris
Cedex 16, France. Location: U.S. Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
65:41555 Pellerin,
Hélène. Regionalisation of migration
policies and its limits: Europe and North America compared. Third
World Quarterly, Vol. 20, No. 5, Oct 1999. 995-1,011 pp. Abingdon,
England. In Eng.
"Migration policies in both the European
Union and North America converge in substantial and formal ways. Such
convergence can be explained by neoliberal restructuring that affects
strategies and the geography of production, as well as state forms. But
neoliberal transformation does not homogenise migration policies
completely. Both regions exhibit significant differences that can be
explained by the ways in which space is occupied by social forces. An
examination of social forces in the regions allows us to account for
the specificities of the two regions in terms of migration
policies."
Correspondence: H. Pellerin, University of
Ottawa, Department of Political Science, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
65:41556 Pellerin,
Hélène. The cart before the horse? The
coordination of migration policies in the Americas and the neoliberal
economic project of integration. Review of International Political
Economy, Vol. 6, No. 4, Winter 1999. 468-93 pp. London, England. In
Eng.
This is an analysis of the content of the Regional Conference
on Migration (RCM), which aims to encourage the coordination of
migration policies in Central and North America. The author makes the
case that this initiative is designed not so much to control the flow
of migrants between countries, but "as a mechanism through which
specific patterns of social and spatial relations are being locked into
the region. The coordination of migration policies in the RCM
constitutes an effort to manage the mobility of capital and labour in
an orderly manner. In addition, the coordinating effort serves two
other purposes: to attribute specific responsibilities to states, and
to depoliticize the issue of migration. Such developments fit neatly
with the neoliberal project of integration, with the imposition of
particular state-society relations onto the various countries
involved."
Correspondence: H. Pellerin, University of
Ottawa, Faculty of Social Sciences, Political Science, 75 Laurier Ave.,
P.O. Box 450, Stn. A, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. Location:
Princeton University Library (SF).
65:41557 Raposo, Cremilde.
Canadian immigration regulations and strategies of illegal
migrants. [La législation canadienne sur l'immigration et
les stratégies des immigrants clandestins.] Cahiers
Québécois de Démographie, Vol. 28, No. 1-2,
Spring-Fall 1999. 271-97, 363, 368 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with
sum. in Eng; Spa.
"This article examines selected pieces of
immigration legislation which the author feels are most pertinent in
demonstrating how illegal migrants use their perceptions of immigration
regulations in devising their strategies and tactics for remaining in
Canada. The analysis proceeds from an investigation of immigration
legislation and then summarizes the accounts of experience of twenty
illegal migrants."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:41558 Romero Silva,
Absalón. An optimum control model for the
determination of migration policies. [Un modelo de control
óptimo para la determinación de políticas de
migración.] Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos, Vol. 14, No.
3, Sep-Dec 1999. 741-53, 784 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum.
in Eng.
"This article presents the use of an optimum control
model based on Pontryagin's Discrete Maximum Principle for the
determination of migration policies in the Federal District and the
state of Mexico between 1982 and 1995."
Correspondence:
A. Romero Silva, Universidad de las Américas, Instituto de
Investigación, Santa Catarina Mártir, Apartado Postal
100, 72820 Cholula, Puebla, Mexico. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41559 Santel, Bernhard. A
comparison of the immigration policies of Germany and the United
States. [Einwanderungspolitik in Deutschland und den Vereinigten
Staaten im Vergleich.] Gegenwartskunde, Vol. 46, No. 4, 1997. 455-65
pp. Hamburg, Germany. In Ger.
The author argues that the contrast
often made between Germany and the United States on the subject of
immigration is misleading. In the author's view, claims that Germany,
unlike the United States, is not a country of immigrants, does not
desire to become one, and possesses no immigration policy are
oversimplifications, if not downright false. He concludes that as
regards migration policy in practice, the two countries have far more
in common than is generally assumed.
Location: Princeton
University Library.
65:41560 Singer, Audrey. U.S.
citizenship applications at all-time high. Population Today, Vol.
27, No. 9, Oct 1999. 4-5 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author
reviews recent trends in U.S. citizenship applications, with a focus on
the impact of government laws, programs, and
initiatives.
Correspondence: A. Singer, Carnegie Endowment
for International Peace, International Migration Policy Program, 11
Dupont Circle, Washington, D.C. 20036-1207. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41561 Stark, Oded; Wang, Yong.
Externalities, human capital formation, and corrective migration
policy. ZEF Discussion Papers on Development Policy, No. 11, Aug
1999. 17 pp. Zentrum für Entwicklungsforschung: Bonn, Germany. In
Eng. with sum. in Ger.
"When productivity is fostered by an
individual's own human capital as well as by the economy-wide average
level of human capital, individuals under-invest in human capital. A
strictly positive probability of migration to a richer country raises
both the level of human capital formed by optimizing individuals in the
home country and the average level of human capital of non-migrants in
the country. Conditions are provided under which the welfare of all
workers is higher with migration than in its absence. A
well-controlled, restrictive migration policy can enhance welfare and
nudge the economy toward the social
optimum."
Correspondence: Zentrum für
Entwicklungsforschung, Walter-Flex-Straße 3, 53113, Bonn,
Germany. E-mail: zef@uni-bonn.de. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41562 Tomasi, Lydio F.
Proceedings of the 1996 annual National Legal Conference on
Immigration and Refugee Policy. In Defense of the Alien, Vol. 19,
ISBN 0-934733-95-3. 1997. xiii, 216 pp. Center for Migration Studies:
Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
These are the proceedings of the
1996 Annual Conference on Immigration and Refugee Policy in the United
States. The primary focus of this conference was on the implications of
newly proposed legislation affecting immigration under consideration by
the 104th Congress. The 20 papers included here are organized under
four topics: Critical analysis of practical implications of newly
proposed legislation; Welfare reform: what benefits for immigrants?;
Redefining the roles of local and state government in immigration
policy; and Refugee resettlement and asylum
reform.
Correspondence: Center for Migration Studies, 209
Flagg Place, Staten Island, NY 10304-1199. E-mail: cmslft@aol.com.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41563 Vogel, Dita. Illegal
residence in Germany--methodological considerations for the use and
collection of data. [Illegaler Aufenthalt in
Deutschland--methodische Überlegungen zur Datennutzung und
Datenerhebung.] Zeitschrift für Bevölkerungswissenschaft,
Vol. 24, No. 2, 1999. 165-85 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger. with sum.
in Eng; Fre.
"In Germany...there are foreigners without a
legal residence status, people who illegally reside within the country.
How many are they? And how do they spend their lives? Have they all
submerged, or are there also foreigners who live within the country
with knowledge of the authorities?... This article particularly focuses
on the problems related to the study of such questions, and also
unfolds possible starting points for an empirical
analysis."
Correspondence: D. Vogel, Carl von
Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Studiengang Niederlande-Studien,
Postfach 2503, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:41564 Zappalà, Gianni; Castles,
Stephen. Citizenship and immigration in Australia.
Migration and Multicultural Studies Program Working Paper, No. 6, ISBN
0-86418-501-4. 1998. v, 34 pp. University of Wollongong, Research
Institute of Social Change and Critical Inquiry, Migration and
Multicultural Studies Program: Wollongong, Australia. In Eng.
"In this paper we will examine the meaning of citizenship in
Australia and discuss some of the current tendencies towards change....
We will examine rules for naturalisation, and how these have evolved in
response to attempts to manage mass immigration since 1945.... We will
review some of the current public debates on citizenship, and finally
discuss models of citizenship and where Australia fits in international
comparison."
Correspondence: University of Wollongong,
Research Institute of Social Change and Critical Inquiry, Migration and
Multicutural Studies Program, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. E-mail:
mms@uow.edu.au. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:41565 Zolberg, Aristide R. The
politics of immigration policy: an externalist perspective.
American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 42, No. 9, Jun-Jul 1999. 1,276-9
pp. Thousand Oaks, California. In Eng.
"The process of
decision making [in immigration policy] at the level of a given state
is driven by two quite distinct types of considerations, each of which
relates to a distinct sphere of social interactions. In the perspective
of capitalist dynamics, immigrants of any kind--including refugees--are
considered primarily as workers.... However, all types of
immigrants--including even temporary workers--also constitute a
political and cultural presence." The need for policies to
reconcile these dimensions is emphasized.
Correspondence:
A. R. Zolberg, New School for Social Research, Graduate Faculty,
66 West 12th Street, New York, NY 10011. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
