Studies concerned with the relations between population factors as a whole and noneconomic factors. Relations affecting a single demographic variable are coded under the variable concerned and not in this division. Studies concerned equally with economic and social factors are coded under K.1.1. General Economic Development and Population.
Studies on interrelations with education, religion, social change, and socioeconomic status.
65:30700 Catholic Voices (Washington,
D.C.). Catholics and Cairo: a common language. 1999.
54 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"We believe that the United
Nations 1994 International Conference on Population and Development and
its Programme of Action adopted in Cairo constitute another pivotal
moment in the articulation of a common language of conscience.
Furthermore, Cairo provided the Catholic church with an unprecedented
opportunity to enter the world dialogue in terms not unfamiliar to its
own traditions and mission." Sections are titled Areas of
agreement: shared principles; Areas of debate: women, health, and
family; and Reflection: conscience and
consensus.
Correspondence: Catholic Voices, 1436 U Street
NW, Suite 301, Washington, D.C. 20009-3997. E-mail: cffc@igc.apc.org.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30701 Fouad, Daad M. Features
of women's present status in Egypt and their impact on
development. CDC Series on Population and Development, No. 2,
1994. 32 pp. Cairo Demographic Center: Cairo, Egypt. In Eng. with sum.
in Ara.
"This paper deals with three major topics.... First,
the legal and political rights enjoyed by Egyptian women including
recent amendments of Egypt's personal status law; second, women's
participation in...economic activities and [the] labor force market;
third, women's role in reducing completed family
sizes."
Correspondence: Cairo Demographic Center, 78
Street No. 4, El-Hdhaba Elolya, Mokattam 11571, Cairo, Egypt. E-mail:
cdc@frcu.eun.eg. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30702 Larivière, Sylvain; Martin,
Frédéric; Aho, Gilbert; Dansou, Raphaël.
The concept and measurement of perceptions of poverty in a rural
environment for socioeconomic development objectives: an example in
Benin. [Concept et mesure des perceptions de la pauvreté en
milieu rural pour des fins de développement
socio-économique: application au Bénin.]
Universités Francophones, Actualité Scientifique, 1998.
133-47 pp. Editions ESTEM: Paris, France; Université des
Réseaux d'Expression Française [UREF]: Paris, France;
Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement
de Langue Française [AUPELF]: Paris, France. In Fre.
This
chapter presents the concepts, methodology, and main results of a study
on perceptions of poverty and well-being among rural people in Benin in
1993-1994. The study incorporated both focus group discussions and
individual interviews. The importance to rural people of a way to earn
money, access to a means of transport, and availability of social
services such as health, housing, and safe drinking water is noted.
Having the means to educate their children is not considered an
important measure of rural well-being.
Correspondence: S.
Larivière, Université Laval, Cité Universitaire,
Quebec, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:30703 Population Council (New York, New
York). The unfinished transition. Population Council
Issues Paper, LC 98-158199. 1996. 20 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"In this issues paper we discuss four essential strategies,
endorsed [at international conferences held] in Cairo and Beijing, for
pursuing gender equality while setting the stage for voluntary
fertility decline and improved reproductive health.... [The strategies
aim to:] 1. increase investments in girls' education..., 2. meet the
needs of adolescent girls..., 3. promote greater male responsibility in
parenthood..., [and] 4. foster women's
livelihoods."
Correspondence: Population Council, One
Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY 10017. Location:
Population Council Library, New York, NY.
65:30704 Thibon, Christian. The
demographic crisis and the socio-political crisis in Burundi.
[Crise démographique et crise sociopolitique au Burundi.]
Universités Francophones, Actualité Scientifique, 1998.
35-50 pp. Editions ESTEM: Paris, France; Université des
Réseaux d'Expression Française [UREF]: Paris, France;
Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement
de Langue Française [AUPELF]: Paris, France. In Fre.
The
author attempts to calculate the extent to which the conflicts that
arose in Burundi in 1993 were caused by the deteriorating demographic
situation. Although he concludes that increasing environmental and
demographic pressures in the country did contribute to the violence
that erupted in 1993, their impact was softened by a number of
improvements in both the economic and socio-cultural sectors. A major
problem has been the increase in social inequalities, particularly the
ongoing marginalization of much of the rural population; certain ages
and social groups have been particularly hard hit. The development of
socioeconomic crises associated with modernization has led to an
increasing tendency to identify with one's own ethnic
group.
Correspondence: C. Thibon, Université de Pau,
Centre de Recherches sur les Pays d'Afrique Orientale, avenue du Doyen
Poplewski, 64000 Pau Cedex, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:30705 United Nations. Economic and Social
Commission for Asia and the Pacific [ESCAP] (Bangkok,
Thailand). A demographic perspective on women in
development in Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar and
Viet Nam. Asian Population Studies Series, No. 148, Pub. Order No.
E.98.II.F.53. ISBN 92-1-119842-9. 1998. xvi, 135 pp. Bangkok, Thailand.
In Eng.
"This study has been conducted in order to assess the
status of women in development in Cambodia, the Lao People's Democratic
Republic, Myanmar and Viet Nam. By reviewing the situation in four
countries that share borders, it is possible to highlight similarities
and to note common patterns. The study is based on data available
primarily from national population censuses and demographic surveys.
Detailed data and analysis are provided for each country, and a
comparative chapter, including policy implications of the findings, is
presented." For each country there are sections on the demographic
context, family formation, health, education, employment, and
migration.
Correspondence: UN Economic and Social
Commission for Asia and the Pacific, United Nations Building,
Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies on the political aspects of population growth, including the demographic impact of war.
65:30706 Lux, André.
Neo-Malthusian leagues in France from 1896 to 1940: a right-wing
ideology under the cloak of a workers' ethos. [Les ligues
néo-malthusiennes françaises de 1896 à 1940:
idéologie de droite sous un manteau ouvriériste.] Cahiers
Québécois de Démographie, Vol. 27, No. 2, Autumn
1998. 199-219, 336, 338 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng;
Spa.
"Although they claim to be socialists...the leaders of
neo-Malthusian leagues in France (1896-1939)...clearly show the
right-wing influence of the English Malthusian League, to the point of
relegating the revolutionary utopia and the anti-capitalist struggle to
the background. This assertion is based on a highlighting of the close
relationship between the texts of their four periodicals and those of
the two monthly journals of the Malthusian League on a number of topics
related to the ills of overpopulation and the only effective remedy,
i.e. adapting individual behavior--through contraception--to the
inevitable determinism of the law of
population."
Correspondence: A. Lux, Université
Laval, Département de Sociologie, Cité Universitaire,
Sainte-Foy, Quebec G1K 7P4, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:30707 Mukomel, Vladimir; Payin,
Emil. The causes and demographic-social consequences of
interethnic and regional conflicts in the post-Soviet Union. In:
Population under duress: the geodemography of post-Soviet Russia,
edited by George J. Demko, Grigory Ioffe, and Zhanna Zayonchkovskaya.
1999. 177-97 pp. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In
Eng.
The authors monitor "the immediate demographic impact of
armed ethnic conflicts in different parts of the former USSR. Although
the assertion is made that the numbers of casualties routinely reported
by the media constitute overstatements, the reality appears to be grim
nonetheless. Mukomel and Payin describe all major ethnic and national
conflicts in some detail, as well as their causes and the potential for
their resolution."
Correspondence: V. Mukomel, Center
for Ethnopolitical Research, Moscow, Russia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30708 Rogerson, Peter A.; Yang,
Zongxiang. The effects of spatial population distributions
and political districting on minority representation. Social
Science Computer Review, Vol. 17, No. 1, Spring 1999. 27-39 pp.
Thousand Oaks, California. In Eng.
"In this article, the
authors explore the relationships between the geographical distribution
of [U.S.] population, potential political redistricting schemes, and
the resulting level of minority representation. The maximal fraction of
districts that are minority districts is twice the fraction of
minorities in the total population. The authors show how this maximum
declines with increasing residential segregation. Finally, they provide
some simulation results for both hypothetical cities and Buffalo [N.Y.]
council wards showing the degree of minority representation under
random districting plans. This gives a baseline indicator of how
population distribution is expected to influence representation and can
then be compared with actual plans."
Correspondence:
P. A. Rogerson, State University of New York, Department of
Geography, Wilkeson Hall, Buffalo, NY 14261. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
65:30709 Todisco, Enrico.
Demography and local authorities. [Demografia e poteri
locali.] 1998. xii, 291 pp. Cacucci Editore: Bari, Italy. In Ita. with
sum. in Eng.
This book contains a selection of contributions by
various authors on how demographic considerations affect the work of
local authorities in Italy. The first part contains four papers: the
first two, by Enrico Todisco and Raimondo Cagiano de Azevedo, look at
the European dimension; the third, also by Todisco, examines
legislative outputs of the Italian regions from a demographic
perspective; and the fourth, by Laura Lecchini, Odo Barsotti, and Marco
Bottai, analyzes how demographic issues, such as zero birth rates, the
problems of the elderly, migration, juvenile problems, unemployment,
and the handicapped, are dealt with at the municipal level in Italy.
The second part contains six reports presenting results from the survey
of mayors of municipalities in six Italian
regions.
Correspondence: Cacucci Editore, Via Nicolai 17,
70122 Bari, Italy. E-mail: info@cacucci.it. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies on nutrition and health, including psychological aspects and sex behavior. Studies that are concerned with the impact of these factors on fertility are coded under F.5. Factors Other Than Contraception Affecting Fertility.
65:30710 Agha, Sohail. Sexual
behavior of truck-drivers in Pakistan: implications for AIDS prevention
programs. PSI Research Division Working Paper, No. 24, 1999. 21
pp. Population Services International, Research Division: Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
The author examines "the level of risk of
acquiring sexually transmitted diseases among truck drivers and their
helpers in Pakistan [using data for] a representative sample of 300
long-distance truck drivers and their helpers.... Multiple sexual
partnerships with men and women are common among truckers.... Awareness
of AIDS and knowledge of sexual transmission of this disease is high.
However, most truckers do not believe that AIDS exists in Pakistan. Nor
are they aware that condoms are an effective way of preventing
HIV."
Correspondence: Population Services
International, Research Division, 1120 Nineteenth Street NW, Suite 600,
Washington, D.C. 20036. E-mail: generalinfo@psiwash.org. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30711 Barlow, Robin; Brown, Joseph
W. Reproductive health and infectious disease in the
Middle East. ISBN 1-84014-384-3. LC 98-72620. 1998. xvi, 228 pp.
Ashgate: Brookfield, Vermont/Aldershot, England. In Eng.
"In
March of 1997, a two-day conference entitled `Health Issues in the
Middle East' was held at the School of Public Health, University of
Michigan.... The two themes most frequently proposed among the
submissions were reproductive health and infectious disease. This book
offers a selection of the papers presented on those two themes."
The section on reproductive health includes papers on maternal health;
contraceptive use and reproductive morbidity in Lebanon; the
cost-effectiveness of mobile family planning units in Tunisia;
fertility and family planning in the West Bank; and infertility in
Egypt.
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of
Population Index.
Correspondence: Ashgate Publishing, Gower
House, Croft Road, Aldershot GU11 3HR, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30712 Belouali, Radouane; Guédira,
Najib. Reproductive health in policy and practice:
Morocco. Nov 1998. 32 pp. Population Reference Bureau: Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
"This study is one of a number of case studies
coordinated by the Population Reference Bureau (PRB), covering four
countries (Morocco, Uganda, Brazil, and India). The objective of the
case studies is to determine how central elements of the ICPD
[International Conference on Population and Development] Programme of
Action have been implemented and to identify achievements and
obstacles." The present study on Morocco contains sections on
demographic trends, the policy environment for reproductive health, the
status of women, reproductive health programs and services,
individuals' perceptions of services, and sources of financing for
reproductive health care, 1991-1998.
Correspondence:
Population Reference Bureau, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite
520, Washington, D.C. 20009-5728. E-mail: popref@prb.org. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30713 Bernabeu Mestre, Josep.
The health transition and the development of medicine (diagnostics,
prophylaxis, and therapy), 1885-1942. [Transición sanitaria
y evolución de la medicina (diagnóstico, profilaxis y
terapéutica), 1885-1942.] Boletín de la Asociación
de Demografía Histórica, Vol. 16, No. 2, 1998. 15-38 pp.
Barcelona, Spain. In Spa. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"Considering
the conceptual framework of health transition, this research brings to
us some reflections about the role of medical and scientific factors
[in] the decreasing of mortality rates that characterized the
demographic transition in the western European societies." The
importance of increased scientific knowledge for the improvement of
health and hygiene is stressed. The author also considers the
development of various approaches to evaluate the impact of medical and
scientific knowledge in historical and contemporary
Europe.
Correspondence: J. Bernabeau Mestre, Universitat
d'Alacant, Història de la Ciència, 03080 Alicante, Spain.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30714 Bronte-Tinkew, Jacinta.
Family structure, resource dilution and child nutrition: an
analysis of Jamaica. Population Research Institute Working Paper,
No. 99-05, Mar 1999. 26 pp. Pennsylvania State University, Population
Research Institute: University Park, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
"This article examines the impact of family structure and
resource dilution on child well being in Jamaica. The goal is to expand
the knowledge and understanding of child well being in three ways: (1)
by testing the effects of family structure on children's nutrition in
Jamaica (2) by evaluating the joint effect of family structure and
resource dilution characteristics in determining children's nutritional
status and (3) by testing the effects of other household
characteristics on children's nutrition."
This paper was
originally presented at the 1999 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America.
Correspondence: Pennsylvania State
University, Population Research Institute, 601 Oswald Tower, University
Park, PA 16801. Author's E-mail: jbronte@pop.psu.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30715 Campbell, Oona; Lewando-Hundt,
Gillian. Profiling maternal health in Egypt, Jordan,
Lebanon, Palestine, and Syria. In: Reproductive health and
infectious disease in the Middle East, edited by Robin Barlow and
Joseph W. Brown. 1998. 22-44 pp. Ashgate: Brookfield,
Vermont/Aldershot, England. In Eng.
"This chapter reviews
aspects of maternal health in Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, and
Syria.... It pinpoints both similarities and differences between the
five countries examined, and can inform the development of policy and
planning for maternal health in the region.... We argue that the lack
of attention to maternal health as a regional issue by both those
outside and within the Middle East masks substantial intra-regional
variation in factors contributing to maternal health outcomes, as well
as variation in the outcomes themselves. The dearth of regional
analysis also hinders the development of a coordinated approach to
reviewing the regional profile of maternal health and to developing
effective interventions for improving maternal
health."
Correspondence: O. Campbell, London School of
Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30716 Castillo-Salgado, Carlos; Mujica,
Oscar; Loyola, Enrique. A subregional assessment of
demographic and health trends in the Americas: 1980-1998.
Statistical Bulletin, Vol. 80, No. 2, Apr-Jun 1999. 2-12 pp. Baltimore,
Maryland. In Eng.
"Analysis of some 38 demographic,
socioeconomic, vital statistics and resource availability indicators
show encouraging health and social progress between 1980 and 1998....
Improvements in social as well as health indicators were evidenced
throughout the various subregions but at differing levels and at
varying rates. Marked changes in total fertility, infant mortality,
life expectancy and morbidity rates characterized the period between
1980 and 1998. The discrepancies between countries are highlighted and
areas in need of further improvement
outlined."
Correspondence: C. Castillo-Salgado, Pan
American Health Organization, Special Program on Health Analysis, 525
23rd Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20037. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:30717 Center for Health and Gender Equity
[CHANGE] (Takoma Park, Maryland); Population Council (New York, New
York). The implications of health sector reform for
reproductive health and rights. [1998]. 104 pp. Takoma Park,
Maryland. In Eng.
This is the report of a meeting on the
implications of health sector reform on reproductive health and rights
held in Washington, D.C., December 14-15, 1998. Following two
introductory papers, there are four papers on the situation in Zambia,
followed by four papers on other countries, including South Africa and
China. The primary focus is on how such reforms affect access to
good-quality reproductive health care. The report provides a summary of
the presentations, discussions, and interim conclusions of the
meeting.
Correspondence: Center for Health and Gender
Equity, 6930 Carroll Avenue, Suite 910, Takoma Park, MD 20912. E-mail:
change@genderhealth.org. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:30718 Çilingiroglu, Nesrin
E. A new subdiscipline of demography: health
demography. [Demografide yeni bir alt alan: saglik demografisi.]
Turkish Journal of Population Studies/Nüfusbilim Dergisi, Vol. 20,
1998. 79-86 pp. Ankara, Turkey. In Tur. with sum. in Eng.
"The
1980s witnessed the emergence of an applied subdiscipline within
demography that is coming to be termed Health Demography. Health
Demography can be defined as the application of concepts, contents,
methods and techniques of demography to the study of health status,
health behaviour and health care. It should be noted that unlike the
clinical study of health, the emphasis is on the study of populations
and not individuals...."
Correspondence: N. E.
Çilingiroglu, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara,
Turkey. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30719 Corrêa, Sonia; Piola,
Sérgio; Arilha, Margareth. Reproductive health in
policy and practice: Brazil. Oct 1998. 32 pp. Population Reference
Bureau: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This case study focuses on
the implementation in Brazil of the ICPD [International Conference on
Population and Development] recommendations on reproductive health and
rights.... The study covers various actions included in the
reproductive health agenda: prenatal care, obstetrical assistance,
gynecological cancer; prevention of STDs and HIV/AIDS; incomplete
abortion care and access to abortion services, as permitted by law; and
contraception assistance. The study emphasizes abortion-related issues
and contraception assistance...."
Correspondence:
Population Reference Bureau, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite
520, Washington, D.C. 20009-5728. E-mail: popref@prb.org. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30720 Cutler, David M.; Sheiner,
Louise. Demographics and medical care spending: standard
and non-standard effects. NBER Working Paper, No. 6866, Dec 1998.
33, [21] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge,
Massachusetts. In Eng.
"In this paper, [the authors] examine
the effects of likely demographic changes on medical spending for the
elderly. Standard forecasts highlight the potential for greater life
expectancy to increase costs: medical costs generally increase with
age, and greater life expectancy means that more of the elderly will be
in the older age groups. Two factors work in the other direction,
however. First, increases in life expectancy mean that a smaller share
of the elderly will be in the last year of life, when medical costs
generally are very high.... Second, disability rates among the
surviving population have been declining in recent years by 0.5 to 1.5
percent annually.... Thus, changes in disability and mortality should,
on net, reduce average medical spending on the elderly. However, these
effects are not as large as the projected increase in medical spending
stemming from increases in overall medical
costs."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's
E-mail: dcutler@fas.harvard.edu. Location: Population Council
Library, New York, NY.
65:30721 Emch, Michael. Diarrheal
disease risk in Matlab, Bangladesh. Social Science and Medicine,
Vol. 49, No. 4, Aug 1999. 519-30 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The objective of this research project is to assess risk for
diarrheal disease in rural Bangladesh by analyzing the complex and
dynamic interaction of biological, socioeconomic, cultural/behavioral
and environmental factors over time and space. Risk factors of cholera
and non-cholera water diarrheal disease are calculated to compare the
relative importance of risk for several independent variables.
Diarrheal diseases data were collected for people who were hospitalized
at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR)
hospital from January 1, 1992 to December 31, 1994.... Water use and
availability variables were more important for non-cholera watery
diarrheal risk than for cholera but nevertheless they were important
for both. Socioeconomic status is an important indirect cause of both
of these diseases because poverty is the root cause of many of the
other variables, such as lack of sanitation and clean
water."
Correspondence: M. Emch, University of
Northern Iowa, Department of Geography, Sabin Room 1, Cedar Falls, IA
50614. E-mail: mike.emch@uni.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
65:30722 Gaüzère, Franck;
Commenges, Daniel; Barberger-Gateau, Pascale; Letenneur, Luc;
Dartigues, Jean-François. Illness and dependency:
description of changes using multistate models. [Maladie et
dépendance: description des évolutions par des
modèles multi-états.] Population, Vol. 54, No. 2, Mar-Apr
1999. 205-22 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The progression of an illness can be modelled with a
three-state model: healthy, ill, dead. The model used in this article
contains no reversible transitions: it is fully specified by the
transition intensities between the different states.... This method is
applied here to data from the PAQUID study to describe the evolution of
serious dependency among elderly people over 65 living in south-west
France. The prevalence of serious dependency increases with age for
both sexes. The age-related increase in the intensities of the
transition to dependency is faster for women than for
men."
Correspondence: F. Gaüzère,
Université de Bordeaux 2, Épidemiologie, Santé
Publique et Développement, INSERM U330, 146 rue Léo
Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France. E-mail:
Franck.Gauzere@u-bordeaux2.fr. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:30723 Gray, Alan; Punpuing, Sureeporn;
Yoddumnern-Attig, Bencha; Chongsatitmun, Chiraluck; Thongkrajai,
Eamporn; Singsungchai, Pechnoy. Gender, sexuality and
reproductive health in Thailand. IPSR Publication, No. 232, ISBN
974-662-090-8. 1999. x, 103 pp. Mahidol University, Institute for
Population and Social Research [IPSR]: Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. In Eng.
"This study...is a critical review of the research that has
been done on gender and sexuality in relation to reproductive health in
Thailand during the 1990s." Following a general introduction,
Chapter 2 is concerned with family planning, maternal and child health,
and the consequences of unwanted pregnancies, including abortion and
complications. Chapter 3 covers sexually transmitted diseases,
reproductive tract infections, HIV/AIDS, infertility, and reproductive
tract malignancies. Chapter 4 provides information on sex education,
adolescent health, menopause and the elderly, and sexual abuse and
violence. Final chapters are included on methodology and
recommendations.
Correspondence: Mahidol University,
Institute for Population and Social Research, Tambon Salaya, Ampoe
Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand. E-mail:
directpr@mucc.mahidol.ac.th. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:30724 Hussain, M. Imam.
Disease and health of the aged in Bangladesh. Demography
India, Vol. 27, No. 2, Jul-Dec 1998. 311-7 pp. Delhi, India. In Eng.
"This paper is aimed to study: (i) The prevalence of different
diseases, some selected differentials related to health conditions of
urban aged (55 years and over) and (ii) The overall health status of
the elderly in Bangladesh.... This study reveals that about 65 per cent
of the Muslims and 60 per cent of the Hindus among the urban elderly
(60 years and above) are found to have been suffering from different
diseases.... Religious differentials were observed in the prevalence of
these diseases." Other aspects considered include occupation,
education, smoking status, and source of water.
Correspondence:
M. I. Hussain, University of Chittagong, Department of Statistics,
Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:30725 Khanna, J.; Van Look, P. F.
A. Reproductive health research: the new directions.
Biennial report 1996-1997. ISBN 92-4-156192-0. 1998. 161 pp. World
Health Organization [WHO]: Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
This report
documents work carried out in the area of reproductive health by this
WHO program. Part 1 describes activities of the program in the areas of
understanding people's reproductive health needs and perspectives,
developing new methods of fertility regulation, expanding family
planning options, evaluating reproductive health care, assessing and
improving reproductive health services, and building national research
capacity in reproductive health research. Part 2 looks at reproductive
health research following the conferences in Cairo and Beijing. The
geographical focus is worldwide.
Correspondence: World
Health Organization, Special Programme of Research, Development and
Research Training in Human Reproduction, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30726 Kramer, Elizabeth J.; Ivey, Susan L.;
Ying, Yu-Wen. Immigrant women's health: problems and
solutions. ISBN 0-7879-4294-4. LC 98-40198. 1999. xxiv, 438 pp.
Jossey-Bass: San Francisco, California. In Eng.
This book, which is
a compilation of studies by various authors, examines the health
problems facing immigrant women in the United States. The studies are
concerned with the major clinical, behavioral, and policy issues,
problems, and prospects concerning the health of these women. The first
chapter includes a paper on the relevant demographics, definitions, and
data limitations.
Correspondence: Jossey-Bass, 350 Sansome
Street, San Francisco, CA 94104. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:30727 Liao, Youlian; McGee, Daniel L.; Cao,
Guichan; Cooper, Richard S. Black-white differences in
disability and morbidity in the last years of life. American
Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 149, No. 12, Jun 15, 1999. 1,097-103 pp.
Baltimore, Maryland. In Eng.
"To assess black-white
differences in disability and morbidity in the last years of life, the
authors analyzed data from the [U.S.] National Health Interview Survey
from 1986 to 1994, with mortality follow-up through December 1995. A
baseline household interview was conducted for 10,187 decedents aged 50
years and over within 2 years before death. Data collected included
long-term limitation of activity, number of chronic conditions, number
of bed days, doctor visits, and days of short hospital stay during the
year preceding the interview. For both blacks and whites, educational
attainment was inversely associated with disability/morbidity indices.
Black decedents had greater morbidity compared with whites, and this
difference was consistent across educational
levels."
Correspondence: Y. Liao, Loyola University,
Stritch School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine and
Epidemiology, Maywood, IL 70118. Location: Princeton
University Library (SZ).
65:30728 Mishra, Vinod K.; Lahiri, Subrata;
Luther, Norman Y. Child nutrition in India. National
Family Health Survey Subject Report, No. 14, Jun 1999. 39 pp.
International Institute for Population Sciences [IIPS]: Mumbai, India;
East-West Center, Population and Health Studies: Honolulu, Hawaii. In
Eng.
"India's 1992-93 National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
collected anthropometric data on the height and weight of children
below four years of age." Using this information, "this
report estimates levels of child malnutrition and effects of selected
demographic and socioeconomic factors on child malnutrition. The
analysis focuses primarily on the country as a whole, with some
findings for individual states. The results of this study indicate high
levels of both chronic and acute malnutrition among Indian children....
The lower prevalence of wasting than stunting or underweight indicates
that chronic malnutrition is more prevalent in India than acute
malnutrition.... A multivariate analysis of the effects of selected
demographic and socioeconomic factors on child malnutrition indicates
that the strongest predictors of child nutrition in India are child's
age, child's birth order, mother's education, and household standard of
living."
Correspondence: International Institute for
Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai 400 088,
India. E-mail: iips.nfhs@axcess.net.in. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:30729 Parent, Gérard; Baya, Banza;
Ouédraogo, André; Kambiré, Roger; Compaoré,
Issaka. Food, nutrition, and the socioeconomic situation
of households: the case of Bagré in Burkina Faso.
[Alimentation, nutrition et situations socio-économiques des
ménages: le cas de Bagré au Burkina Faso.]
Universités Francophones, Actualité Scientifique, 1998.
301-14 pp. Editions ESTEM: Paris, France; Université des
Réseaux d'Expression Française [UREF]: Paris, France;
Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement
de Langue Française [AUPELF]: Paris, France. In Fre.
This
study focuses on whether the construction of a major dam near
Bagré in Burkina Faso has resulted in better nutrition for the
local population, or whether its impact on the region's health
environment has been negative. The area is primarily agricultural, with
limited and fragile natural resources, and is experiencing increasing
demographic pressures from a growing population. Data are from a 1994
socio-demographic census and a 1995 biomedical survey involving some
10,000 people in total. The results suggest that widespread
malnutrition persists, and that the local population is not yet taking
full advantage of the new environment associated with the building of
the dam.
Correspondence: G. Parent, Institut
Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le Développement
en Coopération, B.P. Ouagadougou 01, Burkino Faso. E-mail:
parent@ouaga.orstom.bf. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:30730 Poppius, Esko; Tenkanen, Leena;
Kalimo, Raija; Heinsalmi, Pertti. The sense of coherence,
occupation and the risk of coronary heart disease in the Helsinki Heart
Study. Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 49, No. 1, Jul 1999.
109-20 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The risk of coronary
heart disease (CHD) was studied in 4,405 Finnish middle-aged working
men in different occupations according to their sense of coherence
(SOC). The study design was prospective and the follow-up time was
eight years. Clinical findings such as total cholesterol, systolic
blood pressure and body-mass index showed differences when comparing
blue and white collar workers. Lifestyle factors such as smoking also
differed, but leisure time physical activity depended on SOC.... The
SOC had a salutogenic effect among white collar workers, but failed to
have any consequent effect on the health of blue collar
workers."
Correspondence: E. Poppius, Helsinki Heart
Study, Kalliolinnantie 4, FIN-00140, Helsinki, Finland. E-mail:
esko.poppius@finnair.fi. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
65:30731 Tchupo, J. P.; Kuépié,
M.; Dipoko, D.; Abbo, M.; Barnes, J.; Timyan, J.; Meekers, D.
An operational research project on the reproductive health of
adolescents in Cameroon. Basic quantitative data from Edéa and
Bafia (1996). [Projet de recherche operationnelle sur la
santé reproductive des adolescents au Cameroun: données
quantitatives de base a Edéa et Bafia (1996).] Sep 1996. 74,
[13] pp. Population Services International, Research Division:
Washington, D.C.; Institut de Recherches et des Etudes de
Comportements: Yaoundé, Cameroon. In Fre.
Results are
presented from a reproductive health survey of 1,606 young people aged
12-22 from two villages, Edéa and Bafia, in Cameroon. The survey
was conducted in the summer of 1996. Topics covered include the
socio-demographic characteristics of those surveyed; perceptions of
self and risk-taking behavior; knowledge of reproductive health; sexual
activity; the risk of sexually transmitted diseases, including AIDS,
and contraception; sexually transmitted diseases and pregnancy; and
communication and sources of information on such matters. The results
indicate that, although sexual activity is common, knowledge or use of
contraception is not, and that there is widespread ignorance about
reproductive health matters.
Correspondence: Population
Services International, Research Division, 1120 Nineteenth Street NW,
Suite 600, Washington, D.C. 20036. E-mail: generalinfo@psiwash.org.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30732 United Nations Children's Fund
[UNICEF] (New York, New York); World Health Organization [WHO] (Geneva,
Switzerland). Action for children affected by AIDS:
programme profiles and lessons learned. Pub. Order No.
E.94.XX.USA.8. ISBN 92-806-3149-7. Dec 1994. v, 119 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
This is a survey of various programs that have been
developed in response to the particular problems that the AIDS epidemic
poses for children around the world. Following an introduction to the
problem on a global basis, there are chapters on the situation in
Uganda, Zambia, Kenya, the Dominican Republic, Thailand, and the United
Kingdom. A final chapter discusses the conclusions and lessons learned
from these programs.
Correspondence: United Nations
Children's Fund, 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30733 Weir, Sharon S.; Roddy, Ronald E.;
Zekeng, Leopold; Ryan, Kelley A. Association between
condom use and HIV infection: a randomised study of self reported
condom use measures. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health,
Vol. 53, No. 7, Jul 1999. 417-22 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The
authors "compare the association between different measures of
condom use and prevalent HIV infection...[in] Yaoundé and
Douala, Cameroon [using data for] 2,266 female sex workers.... The
association between condom use and prevalent HIV infection varied for
different measures of condom use. None of the five level measures
showed a dose response protective effect of condom use.... Regardless
of the type of measure or reference period, the strongest association
between use and infection was for use with partners who were not
clients."
Correspondence: S. S. Weir, Family Health
International, P.O. Box 13950, Durham, NC 27709. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies on consanguinity and isolates, inbreeding, and twinning.
65:30734 Ball, Helen L.; Hill, Catherine
M. Insurance ovulation, embryo mortality and
twinning. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 31, No. 2, Apr 1999.
245-55 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"If [dizygotic] twin
births are a `side-effect' of a mechanism which compensates for
defective embryos one might predict that embryo defect rates and
twinning rates will covary. This prediction is tested using
national-level data on twinning rates and rates of trisomy-21 (Down's
syndrome), and a strong positive correlation is found, even when
controlling for maternal age.... In this paper it is proposed that the
`insurance ova' explanation for twinning in humans could be expanded to
incorporate a model of rejection of anomalous embryos, be they
anomalies of number or type."
Correspondence: H. L.
Ball, University of Durham, Department of Anthropology and University
College, Stockton, 43 Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HN, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30735 Miller, Warren B.; Pasta, David J.;
MacMurray, James; Chiu, Connie; Wu, Shijuan; Comings, David E.
Genetic influences on childbearing motivation: a theoretical
framework and some empirical evidence. In: Advances in population:
psychosocial perspectives, Volume 3, edited by Lawrence J. Severy and
Warren Miller. 1999. 53-102 pp. Jessica Kingsley Publishers:
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania/London, England. In Eng.
This chapter
attempts to expand our understanding of the biological underpinnings
that motivate humans for parenthood. In the first section, the authors
develop their theoretical framework in three steps, discussing social
bonding in higher mammals, the neural systems regulating parental
behavior, and the motivating forces that underlie human childbearing.
"In the second section of the chapter, we report some empirical
evidence regarding genetic influence on childbearing motivation. First,
we offer the rationale behind our selection of particular genes for
study. Next, we describe our methodology in an ongoing investigation
into the antecedents of human reproductive behavior. This is followed
by the presentation of our results. The section concludes with an
integrative discussion and interpretation of these
results."
Correspondence: W. B. Miller, Transnational
Family Research Institute, 669 Georgia Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94306.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30736 Peel, Robert A. Essays
in the history of eugenics: proceedings of a conference organised by
the Galton Institute, London, 1997. ISBN 0-9504066-3-5. 1998. xv,
233 pp. Galton Institute: London, England. In Eng.
These are the
proceedings of a conference devoted to the history and achievements of
the Galton Institute, founded in 1907 as the Eugenics Education
Society. The first three papers examine the development of the eugenics
movement in the United Kingdom and its efforts to apply scientific
ideas to the problems of society. Particular attention is given to the
relationship between the eugenics and the birth control movements. The
remainder of the papers examine the role of eugenics in the development
of several disciplines, including demography, human genetics,
psychometrics, and biometry. There are also two papers on eugenics in
France and Scandinavia, and in the United States.
The study on
eugenics and demography, by Chris Langford, was previously cited in
Population Index; see 64:40010.
Correspondence: Galton
Institute, 19 Northfields Prospect, Northfields, London SW18 1PE,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
