Works of a general and comprehensive nature. Studies that are limited to well-defined problems of demography are cited under the relevant topic and are cross-referenced to this division, if appropriate.
Comprehensive, book-length surveys of the present status of demography and its principal branches, including the historical development of these studies, analytical studies of demography as a whole, and global population studies.
65:30001 Hardin, Garrett. The
ostrich factor: our population myopia. ISBN 0-19-512274-7. LC
97-39272. 1999. vi, 168 pp. Oxford University Press: New York, New
York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
This book examines why the problems
associated with the growth of the world's population receive relatively
little attention. "One of the tasks of this book is to show how
ethics and economics are transformed by paying attention to the
insights of ecology. The power figures of contemporary
society--journalists and politicians--see their interests served best
by denying the reality of limits, thus turning the topic of population
into a virtual taboo."
Correspondence: Oxford
University Press, 198 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
Short (fewer than 100 pages), general works on population and global population studies. Items on activities of research institutions in demography are also included.
65:30002 Martin-Schramm, James B.
Population perils and the churches' response. Risk Book
Series, No. 76, ISBN 2-8254-1226-0. LC 98-218173. 1997. xxiii, 56 pp.
WCC Publications: Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
"This book
examines perils posed by global population growth and explores avenues
for response within the ecumenical community.... I have tried to be
more descriptive regarding the moral issues posed by population growth
than prescriptive regarding the ways in which Christians should
perceive and respond to them." Chapters cover conceptual,
consumption, demographic, ecological, and policy perils; the response
of the World Council of Churches; and theological resources and moral
guidelines.
Correspondence: WCC Publications, World Council
of Churches, 150 route de Ferney, 1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
65:30003 Menniti, Adele; Palomba, Rossella;
Rossi, Roberta; Sabatino, Dante. Knowledge and attitudes
of Italian students towards demographic trends: Italian EOPEI
report. IRP Working Paper, No. 01/97 (E), Dec 1997. 49 pp.
Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerche sulla
Popolazione [IRP]: Rome, Italy. In Eng. with sum. in Ita; Fre.
The
authors report on a 1996 survey conducted by the European Observatory
for Population Education and Information (EOPEI). The survey
"attempted to assess the effects of teaching on population in
terms of knowledge acquired, [and to ascertain] students' opinions on
social and demographic phenomena or problems including population
dynamics, ageing and relationships between the generations, migration,
changes in family structures and demographic trends in their country,
Europe and the world."
Correspondence: Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerche sulla Popolazione, Viale
Beethoven 56, 00144 Rome, Italy. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
Discussions of the main principles of demography and population theory not applied to actual data, including such concepts as Malthusianism, the demographic transition, overpopulation, optimum population, and stable and stationary population models as distinct from methodological studies and models using data, which are classified under N. Methods of Research and Analysis Including Models.
65:30004 Bongaarts, John; Bulatao, Rodolfo
A. Completing the demographic transition. Population
Council Policy Research Division Working Paper, No. 125, 1999. 22 pp.
Population Council, Policy Research Division: New York, New York. In
Eng.
"Despite ongoing declines in fertility in many countries,
the population of the world is experiencing a period of rapid
expansion, and its size is expected to exceed 10 billion by the end of
the demographic transition. Three causes of this growth are identified
and quantified: (1) fertility above the replacement level of two
surviving children per woman, (2) continuing declines in mortality, and
(3) population momentum resulting from a young age structure. A set of
simple analytic expressions is proposed for estimating these factors
from standard demographic indicators. Population momentum is shown to
be the main cause of future growth in most countries and
regions."
Correspondence: Population Council, One Dag
Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:30005 Galor, Oded; Weil, David N.
Population, technology, and growth: from the Malthusian regime to
the demographic transition. NBER Working Paper, No. 6811, Nov
1998. 41, [9] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]:
Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper develops a
unified model of growth, population, and technological progress that is
consistent with long-term historical evidence. The economy endogenously
evolves through three phases. In the Malthusian regime, population
growth is positively related to the level of income per capita.... In
the post-Malthusian regime, the growth rates of technology and total
output increase.... The economy endogenously undergoes a demographic
transition in which the traditionally positive relationship between
income per capita and population growth is reversed. In the Modern
Growth regime, population growth is moderate or even negative, and
income per capita rises rapidly. Two forces drive the transitions
between regimes: First, technological progress is driven both...by
increases in the size of the population and by increases in the average
level of education. Second, technological progress creates a state of
disequilibrium, which raises the return to human capital and induces
patients to substitute child quality for
quantity."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's
E-mail: msgalor@pluto.huji.ac.il. Location: Population Council
Library, New York, NY.
65:30006 Hansen, Gary D.; Prescott, Edward
C. Malthus to Solow. NBER Working Paper, No. 6858,
Dec 1998. 24 pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]:
Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"A unified growth theory is
developed that accounts for the roughly constant living standards
displayed by world economies prior to 1800 as well as the growing
living standards exhibited by modern industrial economies. Our theory
also explains the industrial revolution, which is the transition from
an era when per capita incomes are stagnant to one with sustained
growth.... [The authors] use a standard growth model with...[several]
technologies. The first, denoted the `Malthus' technology, requires
land, labor and reproducible capital as inputs. The second, denoted the
`Solow' technology, does not require land. [The authors] show that in
the early stages of development, only the Malthus technology is used
and, due to population growth, living standards are stagnant despite
technological progress. Eventually, technological progress causes the
Solow technology to become profitable and both technologies are
employed. At this point, living standards improve since population
growth has less influence on per capita income growth. In the limit,
the economy behaves like a standard Solow growth
model."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's
E-mail: ghansen@econ.ucla.edu. Location: Population Council
Library, New York, NY.
65:30007 Michel, Philippe; Pestieau,
Pierre. Optimal population without repugnant aspects.
Genus, Vol. 54, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1998. 25-34 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng.
with sum. in Ita; Fre.
"This paper addresses the issue of
optimum population with two concerns: avoiding both the absolute
undesirable solution that amounts to giving to a finite number of
individuals an infinite amount of resources, and the marginal
undesirable solution in which equilibrium consumption decreases with
increasing income and population. To avoid these two solutions, we
introduce a critical level of utility that depends on an individual's
marginal income."
Correspondence: P. Michel, GREQAM, 2
rue de la Charité, 13002 Marseille, France. E-mail:
michel@chess.cnrs.mrs.fr. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:30008 Tapinos, Georges P. Paul
Leroy-Beaulieu and the population question. The demographic imperative
and the limits of economic liberalism. [Paul Leroy-Beaulieu et la
question de la population. L'impératif démographique,
limite du libéralisme économique.] Population, Vol. 54,
No. 1, Jan-Feb 1999. 103-24 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
"This article charts the intellectual evolution of
Paul Leroy-Beaulieu (1843-1916), an economist of Malthusian and liberal
views, in response to the slowdown in the growth of the French
population. The nature and scope of his critique of Malthus are
examined to see whether it should be interpreted as a post-Malthusian
law of population for the advanced societies or as a fundamental
rejection of Malthusian theory. The analysis reveals the ambiguous and
illusory nature of the attempt to reconcile economic liberalism with
the political imperative of demographic
renewal."
Correspondence: G. P. Tapinos, Institut
National d'Etudes Démographiques, 133 boulevard Davout, 75980
Paris Cedex 20, France. E-mail: georges.tapinos@sciences-po.fr.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30009 Véron, Jacques.
Theories linking population, the economy, and society: anything new
since Malthus? [Théories reliant population,
économie et sociétés: du nouveau depuis Malthus?]
In: Populations et développements: une approche globale et
systémique, edited by Michel Loriaux. 1998. 375-90 pp.
Academia-Bruylant: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; L'Harmattan: Paris,
France. In Fre.
The author briefly reviews developments in
population theory since Malthus, including the positions of
neo-Malthusians who maintain that population growth is a threat to
successful development, anti-Malthusians who maintain that population
growth stimulates creativity and development, and those who maintain
that population is a neutral factor in the development process. He
suggests that most theoretical work in population attempts to construct
generally applicable theories from specific and local conditions, and
that although population growth might be good for development in some
circumstances, it could well be bad in others. A generally applicable
theory of population that takes into account such differences among
societies has yet to be developed.
Correspondence: J.
Véron, Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, 133
boulevard Davout, 75980 Paris Cedex 20, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30010 Villasmil Prieto, Mary C.
Theoretical notes for the discussion of the concept of strategies
in the framework of population studies. [Apuntes teóricos
para la discusión sobre el concepto de estrategias en el marco
de los estudios de población.] Estudios Sociológicos,
Vol. 16, No. 46, Jan-Apr 1998. 69-88 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa.
with sum. in Eng.
"During the last decades the concept of
strategies has been [an] object of debate among scholars. Part of this
debate has been some criticism regarding its heuristic capacity and the
methodological criteria that [have] accompanied its usage. Within this
context, this article seeks to point out the axes of articulation along
which it is possible to reflect the theoretic-methodological elements
that are at stake in this discussion.... In order to exemplify the use
of this concept within population studies, the author considers
household economic participation as a life strategy, which has been
[the] object of much research in Mexico."
Correspondence:
M. C. Villasmil Prieto, Sede Académica de México,
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Apartado Postal 20-021,
Delegación Alvaro Obregón, 01000 México, D.F.,
Mexico. E-mail: mcvp@flacso.flacso.edu.mx. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
65:30011 Vilquin, Eric. The moral
values of Malthus. [Les valeurs morales de Malthus.] Cahiers
Québécois de Démographie, Vol. 27, No. 2, Autumn
1998. 181-98, 335-6, 338 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
"More than his other writing, Malthus' first essay
`Essay on the Principle of Population' is a militant text, its
arguments based more strongly on moral positions than scientific
data.... In Malthusian demographic theory, `vice' and `moral
constraint', factors in human behaviour, play a fundamental role that
is indissociable from their moral significance. With his primary
concern to preserve human freedom, but torn between his tendency toward
idealism and his demand for realism, Malthus developed a pragmatic
morality, a morality of the lesser evil, today described as `Malthusian
pessimism'."
Correspondence: E. Vilquin,
Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de
Démographie, 1 place Montesquieu, B.P. 17, 1348
Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. E-mail: vilquin@demo.ucl.ac.be.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:30012 Vimard, Patrice. Family
and demographic transitions: a reexamination of theories in light of
the crisis. [Transitions démographique et familiale: une
relecture des théories à la lumière de la crise.]
Universités Francophones, Actualité Scientifique, 1998.
81-98 pp. Editions ESTEM: Paris, France; Université des
Réseaux d'Expression Française [UREF]: Paris, France;
Association des Universités Partiellement ou Entièrement
de Langue Française [AUPELF]: Paris, France. In Fre.
The
author first outlines the classical concepts of the demographic
transition and the transition to the nuclear family norm, and then
discusses how the demographic impact of the economic crisis in the
developing world over the past 10 years has led to a reconsideration of
those theories. He notes that the theories of demographic and family
transition came under question in the 1970s and 1980s, as countries
experiencing rapid rates of economic development continued to maintain
high rates of fertility and traditional family patterns. The
contemporary socioeconomic crisis in developing countries has
challenged them even more, as fertility levels decline in many
countries suffering most severely from these crises, and as families
adapt to cope with their consequences. The need for new theories to
explain the complex relationships among socioeconomic and demographic
factors in the current socioeconomic situation is
noted.
Correspondence: P. Vimard, Université de
Provence, Laboratoire Population et Environnement, Centre Saint
Charles, case 10, 13331 Marseille Cedex 13, France. E-mail:
vimard@orstom.rio.net. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:30013 Wilson, Chris; Airey,
Pauline. How can a homeostatic perspective enhance
demographic transition theory? Population Studies, Vol. 53, No. 2,
Jul 1999. 117-28 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"This paper
addresses the emerging interest in the relationship between homeostatic
models and demographic transition theory. Firstly, it considers the
nature of fertility measurement and concepts. The paper then goes on to
examine evidence from pre-transitional societies in which demographic
regimes have been most thoroughly studied, summarizing what is known
about their character. The nature and current status of homeostatic
theories in demography and in the institutional supports of
pre-transitional regimes are considered. The implications of the
findings on pre-transitional populations for transition theory are then
discussed."
Correspondence: C. Wilson, Australian
National University, Research School of Social Sciences, Demography
Program, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
Interdisciplinary studies of demographic problems and studies of the interaction of demography with other disciplines. This coding is also used for reports, studies, and surveys from other disciplines that include information of demographic interest.
Major demographic textbooks and teaching aids, general surveys and collections of readings that are particularly suitable as supplements to coursework, studies on the organization and coverage of training programs in demography, and selected items on population education.
65:30014 Mostert, Willem P.; Oosthuizen, J.
S.; Hofmeyr, B. E. Demography: textbook for the South
African student. ISBN 0-7969-1880-5. LC 98-208770. 1998. [xi], 237
pp. Human Sciences Research Council: Pretoria, South Africa. In Eng.
"The purpose of [this volume] is to introduce students to
demographic methods and concepts on the basis of South African
examples.... Three themes underlie all the chapters. The first is that
population dynamics in South Africa reflect the demographic situation
in other countries of the world. The second theme is the
interrelatedness of economic, social, political, environmental and
population variables. The third is the need for demographers to treat
available data with care, and to assess information and adapt it where
necessary to different situations."
Correspondence:
Human Sciences Research Council, Private Bag X41, Pretoria 0001,
South Africa. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.
65:30015 Srinivasan, K. Basic
demographic techniques and applications. ISBN 0-7619-9209-X. LC
97-40482. 1998. 224 pp. Sage Publications: Thousand Oaks,
California/New Delhi, India. In Eng.
"This textbook is
intended for teaching a one-semester basic course in Demographic
Techniques of three credit hours at the masters level. The emphasis is
on pointing out the scope of applications of these techniques for
policy and management decisions in health and population fields. It is
directed at middle-level executives working in the field of public
health or family planning or intending to work in future in these
fields in developing countries. It can also be used for
undergraduate-level courses in sociology and economics offering the
subject of Demographic Techniques."
Correspondence:
Sage Publications, M-32 Greater Kailash Market I, New Delhi 110
048, India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
