Primarily references to descriptive studies. Official tabular material will be found under S. Official Statistical Publications. Items that are primarily analytical, but that also contain information on characteristics, will be found under K. Demographic and Economic Interrelations and Natural Resources or L. Demographic and Noneconomic Interrelations, as appropriate.
Descriptive studies of populations according to various demographic characteristics, including age, sex, sex ratios, and marital status. Studies on demographic aging are also included.
65:20549 Dantec, Alexis.
Convergence of aging and retirement in Europe. [Convergence
des vieillissements en Europe et retraites.] Revue de l'OFCE, No. 64,
Jan 1998. 177-202 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
This is an analysis of
the process of demographic aging in the 15 member countries of the
European Union. The author notes that although the long-term trends in
aging are broadly similar, there are significant differences among
these countries that have implications for the financing of retirement
costs. In particular, some countries experienced increases in either
fertility or immigration around 1985. Despite similarities in mortality
trends among the countries, these factors will make it very difficult
to develop a common policy concerning retirement, as the aging process
will vary by country.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20550 Denton, Frank T.; Spencer, Byron
G. How old is old? Revising the definition based on life
table criteria. Mathematical Population Studies, Vol. 7, No. 2,
1999. 147-59 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"Sixty-five has long been thought of as the point of entry
into `old age'. We propose a number of life table criteria for
answering the following questions: If 65 was considered appropriate
four decades ago, what is the corresponding age today? If 65 was
(implicitly) a male-oriented definition four decades ago, as we believe
it was, what would have been the appropriate definition for women at
that time, and what is it today? We address these questions by applying
our criteria to Canada, using 1951 and 1991 life tables, but the
criteria could be applied equally well to other countries. For other
developed countries we would expect broadly similar
results."
Correspondence: F. T. Denton, McMaster
University, Department of Economics, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M4, Canada.
E-mail: dentonf@mcmaster.ca. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20551 Heigl, Andreas; Mai, Ralf.
Demographic aging within the regions of the European Union.
[Demographische Alterung in den Regionen der EU.] Zeitschrift für
Bevölkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 23, No. 3, 1998. 293-317 pp.
Wiesbaden, Germany. In Eng.
"The article deals with the
demographic ageing phenomenon on a regional level within the European
Union. A comparative longitudinal analysis of the period between1995
and 2025 is taken as the basis for determining the course of
demographic ageing.... The results show that while there are
differences in the extent and regional pattern of ageing the trend of
progressive ageing continues everywhere. In most cases, this is
combined with increased demographic disparities within the various
countries. Our results appear to indicate that the reason for this
disparity is less the settlement structure (type of region, population
density) and has more to do with the fertility level within the
individual regions."
Correspondence: A. Heigl,
Universität Bamberg, Lehrstuhl für
Bevölkerungswissenschaft, Hornthalstraße 2, 96045 Bamberg,
Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20552 Hong Kong. Census and Statistics
Department (Hong Kong, China). A profile of Hong Kong
population analysed by District Board district, 1998. Hong Kong
Monthly Digest of Statistics, Feb 1999. 1-13 pp. Hong Kong, China. In
Eng; Chi.
The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the
population of Hong Kong are analyzed at the District Board level as at
mid-1998 using official data. Data are included on population size, sex
and age distribution, educational status, and labor force
participation.
Correspondence: Census and Statistics
Department, 19/F Wanchai Tower I, 12 Harbour Road, Wan Chai, Hong Kong,
China. E-mail: genenq@censtad.gcn.gov.hk. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20553 Lakdawalla, Darius; Philipson,
Tomas. The rise in old age longevity and the market for
long-term care. NBER Working Paper, No. 6547, May 1998. 28, [11]
pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge,
Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes how markets for
old-age care respond to the aging of populations. We consider how the
biological forces, which govern the stocks of frail and healthy persons
in a population, interact with economic forces, which govern the demand
and supply for labor-intensive care.... We test our predictions
empirically using state- and county-level evidence on the U.S. market
for long-term care in nursing homes over the last three
decades."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138. Location:
Princeton University Library (SSRC).
65:20554 Li, Rongshi. An analysis
of the sex ratio at birth in impoverished areas in China. Chinese
Journal of Population Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, 1998. 65-73 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng.
"Recent statistics show that the sex
ratio at birth (SRB) is growing in China. This has become an important
subject in the studies by governmental and research institutions and
scholars.... This author...has conducted a comparative analysis of the
SRB in impoverished areas in China based on the data he [has] gathered
[since 1982]."
Correspondence: R. Li, General Office
of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Division of
Surveys and Research, Beijing, China. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20555 Lindsay, Colin. Seniors:
a diverse group aging well. Canadian Social Trends, No. 52, Spring
1999. 24-6 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
"As part of Statistics
Canada's involvement with the [UN] International Year of Older Persons,
Canadian Social Trends will feature a series of articles over the next
four quarters that address some of the issues affecting older
Canadians. This first article sets the stage by highlighting the key
demographic and socio-economic characteristics of seniors in
Canada." Aspects considered include social support, health,
income, lifestyle, and living arrangements.
Correspondence:
C. Lindsay, Statistics Canada, Housing, Family and Social
Statistics Division, 7th Floor, Jean Talon Building, Ottawa, Ontario
K1A 0T6, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
65:20556 Morgan, David L. Facts
and figures about the baby boom. Generations, Vol. 22, No. 1,
Spring 1998. 10-5 pp. San Francisco, California. In Eng.
"This
article will consider the broad question, What kinds of things can we
learn about the aging of the baby boom through available data? The
article is thus organized around four basic themes that can be readily
investigated: 1. What were the origins of the baby boom generation? 2.
How will the U.S. population change with the aging of the baby boom? 3.
How does the baby boom compare to other generations? [and] 4. What are
important differences within the baby boom
generation?"
Correspondence: D. L. Morgan, Portland
State University, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, Portland,
OR 97207-0751. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20557 Pachauri, Saroj.
Adolescents in Asia: issues and challenges. Demography India,
Vol. 27, No. 1, Jan-Jun 1998. 117-28 pp. Delhi, India. In Eng.
"Although youth across Asia have several common concerns,
there is tremendous diversity in this region, especially between South
Asia and Southeast Asia. Significant social and cultural differences
between these regions make generalizations regarding policy and
programme interventions tenuous if not impossible. The lack of data on
youth further compounds the problem of making a comprehensive analysis
of the challenges faced by youth across Asia and the nature and scope
of efforts required to address them."
Correspondence:
S. Pachauri, Population Council, Sangha Rachna, 3rd Floor, 53 Lodi
Estate, New Delhi 110 003, India. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20558 Rogers, Andrei; Raymer,
James. The regional demographics of the elderly
foreign-born and native-born populations in the United States since
1950. Research on Aging, Vol. 21, No. 1, Jan 1999. 3-35 pp.
Thousand Oaks, California. In Eng.
"This article is an
examination of the influence of birthplace on the internal migration
and spatial redistribution patterns of elderly foreign-born and
native-born populations in the United States during 1950 to 1990.... We
begin our analysis by examining the regional age compositions and
geographies of U.S. elderly foreign-born and native-born
populations.... Elderly migration streams are analyzed with the aid of
measures drawn from formal multiregional demography. Following that, we
address the question of whether continuing concentration or emerging
dispersion lies ahead for the elderly foreign-born and native-born
subpopulations in the United States."
Correspondence:
A. Rogers, University of Colorado, Population Program, Campus Box
484, Boulder, CO 80309-0484. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
65:20559 Rogers, Carolyn C.
Nonmetro elders better off than metro elders on some measures, not
on others. Rural Conditions and Trends, Vol. 8, No. 2, 1997. 52-9
pp. Herndon, Virginia. In Eng.
The author examines characteristics
of the nonmetropolitan elderly in the United States. "A larger
share of the nonmetro population was age 60 and older (18 percent) in
1996 than the metro population (15 percent). At ages 75 and older, half
of all elderly persons are living alone. This is associated with a
greater likelihood of being poor: 42 percent of nonmetro persons age 75
and older were poor or near-poor, compared with 28 percent of their
metro counterparts."
Correspondence: C. C. Rogers,
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 20005. E-mail:
crogers@econ.ag.gov. Location: Pennsylvania State University
Library, University Park, PA.
65:20560 Schneider, Edward L.
Aging in the third millennium. Science, Vol. 283, No. 5403,
Feb 5, 1999. 796-7 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The aging
revolution in the United States in the 20th century was the result of a
spectacular 50% increase in life expectancy. What will happen to our
aging society in the 21st century? The answer will depend on our
success in improving the health of future older Americans."
Aspects considered include the number of older Americans, social
security, health, housing, transportation, and economic status of the
aged.
Correspondence: E. L. Schneider, University of
Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Ethel Percy
Andrus Gerontology Center, Los Angeles, CA 90089-0191. E-mail:
eschneid@usc.edu. Location: Princeton University Library (SQ).
65:20561 Shenk, Dena; Sokolovsky,
Jay. Cultural perspectives on aging. Brief
Bibliography: A Selective Annotated Bibliography for Gerontology
Instruction, LC 98-123284. 1997. 8 pp. Association for Gerontology in
Higher Education: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"In this
bibliography we have focused on the key literature on cultural
perspectives on aging in two main areas. We have selected the key
literature on aging in cross-cultural perspective and the best examples
of deep-cultural analysis of the process and experience of
aging."
Correspondence: Association for Gerontology in
Higher Education, 1001 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 410, Washington,
D.C. 20036-5504. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20562 Spain. Ministerio de Trabajo y
Asuntos Sociales (Madrid, Spain). The population under age
18 in Spain and its family environment. [Población menor de
18 años en España y su entorno familiar.] La Infancia en
Cifras, No. 4, ISBN 84-7850-959-3. 1997. 360 pp. Madrid, Spain. In Spa.
This is the fourth in a series of publications presenting data on
the population of Spain under age 18. The data, which concern the young
population and the households in which they live, are primarily taken
from the 1991 census. The data are provided separately for the whole
country, autonomous communities, and provinces. A section is also
included on changes since the previous census of
1981.
Correspondence: Ministerio de Trabajo y Asuntos
Sociales, Subdirección General de Publicaciones, Augustín
de Bethencourt 11, 28071 Madrid, Spain. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20563 Sun, Fubin. Ageing of
the population in China: trends and implications. Asia-Pacific
Population Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4, Dec 1998. 75-92 pp. Bangkok,
Thailand. In Eng.
"In this paper, after a brief discussion of
the past population changes in China, the future trends in population
age structure are described with emphasis on the elderly.... In the
trend analysis, nine population projection scenarios with three
variants of fertility and three variants of mortality are made and
analysed. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the effects of
population ageing on social and economic development, and a number of
implications and suggestions are provided."
Correspondence:
F. Sun, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Institute for Population and
Economy Studies, 26 Xianning Road, Xian, Shaanxi Province 710049,
China. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20564 Vossen, Ad; Nelissen, Jan.
Single elderly people and the meaning of the age difference between
partners: causes and consequences. [Alleenstaande ouderen en de
betekenis van het leeftijdsverschil tussen partners: oorzaken en
gevolgen.] Bevolking en Gezin, Vol. 27, No. 1, 1998. 79-105 pp.
Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
This article is about
how demographic factors influence the numerical increase in single
elderly people in the Netherlands. "Using microsimulation the
central research question focuses on the impact of the age difference
on the proportions of single people in the future and its consequences
for the population in homes for the elderly and nursing homes, as well
as for public old age pension expenditures. As a general conclusion it
was found that a decreasing difference in the age of partners will
result in a more balanced distribution of male and female single
persons, but that the overall benefit is
limited."
Correspondence: A. Vossen, Katholieke
Universiteit Brabant, Faculteit Sociale Wetenschappen, Postbus 90153,
5000 LE Tilburg, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20565 Walker, Agnes.
Australia's ageing population: what are the key issues and the
available methods of analysis? NATSEM Discussion Paper, No. 27,
ISBN 0-85889-683-4. Feb 1998. v, 49 pp. University of Canberra,
National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling [NATSEM]: Canberra,
Australia. In Eng.
"Drawing on the extensive Australian and
international literature on ageing, this paper first identifies key
economic and social factors that are likely to have a strong impact on
age related public expenditure in Australia.... The paper then reviews
the tools available to analyse these key factors, either individually
or simultaneously.... The paper concludes with a discussion of how the
static and dynamic microsimulation models developed at NATSEM could
provide additional insights when studying the effects of the ageing of
Australia's population."
Correspondence: University of
Canberra, National Centre for Social and Economic Modelling, 170 Haydon
Drive, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia. E-mail:
natsem@natsem.canberra.edu.au. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20566 Xenos, Peter; Kabamalan, Midea;
Westley, Sidney B. A look at Asia's changing youth
population. Asia-Pacific Population and Policy, No. 48, Jan 1999.
4 pp. East-West Center, Program on Population [POP]: Honolulu, Hawaii.
In Eng.
"This issue...highlights findings from a recent
East-West Center study on demographic and social changes among young
people in Asia. The project...covered 17 countries in East, Southeast,
and South Asia. It brought together information on the changing numbers
of young people--age 15-24--and on trends in marriage, school
enrollment, and workforce participation among youth populations in the
region."
Correspondence: East-West Center, Program on
Population, 1601 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848-1601. E-mail:
poppubs@ewc.hawaii.edu. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
Descriptive studies of menarche and menopause, longevity, and increasing the life span, as well as other biological characteristics such as sex selection. Studies that are concerned with menarche and menopause as they specifically affect fertility are coded under F.5. Factors Other Than Contraception Affecting Fertility.
65:20567 Hardy, Rebecca; Kuh, Diana.
Reproductive characteristics and the age at inception of the
perimenopause in a British National Cohort. American Journal of
Epidemiology, Vol. 149, No. 7, Apr 1, 1999. 612-20 pp. Baltimore,
Maryland. In Eng.
"Data from a British national cohort of
women born in 1946 were used to investigate the hypothesis that the
rate of depletion of oocyte numbers is associated with the age at which
a woman reaches the inception of the perimenopause.... Parous women
entered the perimenopause later than nulliparous women. Those with the
most children had the latest perimenopause, where the estimated hazard
ratio for women having four or more children compared with those having
none was 0.56 (95% confidence interval 0.39-0.81). Women who had a
unilateral oophorectomy reached perimenopause earlier than those who
had not (hazard ratio = 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.15-3.35). There
was some evidence that early age at menarche and short menstrual cycles
were associated with an earlier perimenopause. No relation was observed
with oral contraceptive pill use."
Correspondence: R.
Hardy, University College London Medical School, Department of
Epidemiology and Public Health, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).
65:20568 Kuropka, Ireneusz. Life
expectancy of the population in Silesia. [Trwanie zycia
mieszkanców Dolnego Slaska.] Wiadomosci Statystyczne, Vol. 43,
No. 10, Oct 1998. 42-52 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng;
Rus.
The author analyzes changes in average life expectancy in
Silesian voivodships in Poland from 1976 to 1995. Differences according
to sex, age, and place of residence are considered.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20569 Manton, Kenneth G.; Stallard,
Eric. Changes in health functioning and mortality.
In: The legacy of longevity: health and health care in later life,
edited by Sidney M. Stahl. [1998?]. 140-62 pp. Sage Publications:
Thousand Oaks, California/London, England. In Eng.
"We
[present] a model describing functional impairment at advanced ages [in
the United States] as graded and multidimensional. With that model, we
[assess] the potential for improving active life expectancy through the
control of selected diseases.... The simulations suggest that
considerable improvement in active life expectancy may result if action
is targeted against specific diseases.... In addition, studies of
disease impact must be improved
methodologically."
Correspondence: K. G. Manton, Duke
University, Center for Demographic Studies, Box 90088, Durham, NC
27708-0088. E-mail: kgm@cds.duke.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20570 Papadimitriou, A.; Gousia, E.;
Pitaouli, E.; Tapaki, G.; Philippidis, P. Age at menarche
in Greek girls. Annals of Human Biology, Vol. 26, No. 2, Mar-Apr
1999. 175-7 pp. London, England. In Eng. with sum. in Ger; Fre.
"This study reports menarcheal age in 1,134 contemporary Greek
girls and the duration of their menstrual cycle. Comparison with a
similar study performed 15 years ago shows that in Greek girls there is
still a secular trend, although a small one, towards earlier menarcheal
age."
Correspondence: A. Papadimitriou, Penteli
Children's Hospital, First Department of Paediatrics, Palea Penteli,
Athens 152 36, Greece. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:20571 Pasquet, P.; Manguelle-Dicoum Biyong,
A.; Rikong-Adie, H.; Befidi-Mengue, R.; Garba, M.-T.; Froment,
A. Age at menarche and urbanization in Cameroon: current
status and secular trends. Annals of Human Biology, Vol. 26, No.
1, Jan-Feb 1999. 89-97 pp. London, England. In Eng. with sum. in Ger;
Fre.
"Status quo data on the age at menarche were obtained on
samples of Cameroonian girls living in urban (Yaoundé) (n=205),
suburban (n=505) and rural areas (n=201).... Comparison with
retrospective data on age at menarche during previous decades reveals
the presence of a clear secular trend towards earlier maturation, at a
rate of 2.5-3.2 months per decade, only in the main cities of the
country (Yaoundé/Douala) and a lack of temporal variation in
rural areas. The degree of urbanization influences maturational age and
its evolution, probably through improvements in the nutritional
standards."
Correspondence: P. Pasquet, Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 9935, Université de
Paris VII (case 7041), 2 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20572 Santow, Gigi.
Emmenagogues and abortifacients in the twentieth century: an issue
of ambiguity. Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, No. 128,
ISBN 91-7820-127-6. Oct 1998. 35 pp. Stockholm University, Demography
Unit: Stockholm, Sweden. In Eng.
"In this chapter I describe
some of the professional and popular literature of the last century or
so that documents concerns that menstruation should be regular, lists
the causes of irregularity, and in some cases recommends treatment with
emmenagogues. I then address the contemporaneous rise of abortion,
focusing in particular on attempts to procure abortion by non-surgical
means. I turn finally to address a number of ambiguous issues that
emerge from these accounts...."
Correspondence:
Stockholm University, Demography Unit, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20573 Strickland, S. S.; Shetty, P.
S. Human biology and social inequality: 39th symposium
volume of the Society for the Study of Human Biology. Society for
the Study of Human Biology Symposium Series, No. 39, ISBN
0-521-57043-3. LC 97-23261. 1998. xii, 346 pp. Cambridge University
Press: New York, New York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"Measures of biological variation have long been associated
with many indices of social inequality. Data on health, nutrition,
fertility, mortality, physical fitness, intellectual performance and a
range of heritable biological markers show the ubiquity of such
patterns across time, space and population. This volume reviews the
current evidence for the strength of such linkages and the biological
and social mechanisms that underlie them. A major theme is the
relationship between the proximate determinants of these linkages and
their longer term significance for biologically selective social
mobility. This book therefore addresses the question of how social
stratification mediates processes of natural selection in human groups.
Data like this pose difficult and sensitive issues for health policy,
and recent developments in this area and in eugenics are reviewed for
industrialized and developing countries." The geographical scope
is worldwide.
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent
issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Cambridge
University Press, Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Descriptive studies of income differentials, earnings, career mobility, and other economic characteristics if allocated according to demographic groups. Analytical studies are classified under K.1.1. General Economic Development and Population, and studies concerned with employment and labor force are classified under K.3. Employment and Labor Force Participation.
65:20574 Borjas, George J. The
economic progress of immigrants. NBER Working Paper, No. 6506, Apr
1998. 44, [9] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]:
Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper presents a
theoretical and empirical study of the economic progress experienced by
immigrants in the U.S. labor market.... The empirical analysis uses the
1970-1990 decennial Census data. The evidence indicates that the
correlation between the log entry wage and the rate of wage growth is
positive, but this correlation is weakened and perhaps turns negative
when we compare immigrants who start out in the United States with
similar human capital endowments."
Correspondence:
National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's E-mail: gborjas@harvard.edu.
Location: Princeton University Library (SSRC).
65:20575 Butcher, Kristin F.; DiNardo,
John. The immigrant and native-born wage distributions:
evidence from United States censuses. NBER Working Paper, No.
6630, Jul 1998. 29, [14] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research
[NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"Using data from
four U.S. Censuses (1960-1990) we examine changes in the wage structure
and their role in explaining comparisons between immigrants and the
native-born in mean wages. Inter alia, we document that patterns of
comparison between the immigrants and the native-born are not the same
for men and for women, and that these differences in
immigrant/native-born comparisons among men and women are a consequence
of different evolutions in the wage
structure."
Correspondence: National Bureau of
Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Author's E-mail: butcherk@bc.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SSRC).
65:20576 Cancian, Maria; Reed,
Deborah. The impact of wives' earnings on income
inequality: issues and estimates. Demography, Vol. 36, No. 2, May
1999. 173-84 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"We estimate
the extent to which rising family income inequality can be explained by
changes in the earnings of married women. We develop a decomposition
equation that separates single persons from married couples...and, for
married couples, distinguishes the impact of wives' earnings from other
sources of income.... Despite the rising correlation between husbands'
and wives' earnings, changes in wives' earnings do not explain a
substantial portion of the increase in family income inequality. Our
results contradict those of some previous analyses. The inconsistency
of recent estimates can be traced to the use of a variety of
conceptually different approaches in the previous literature. We
clarify these approaches by explicitly distinguishing the conceptual
issues, analyzing the empirical components, and providing comprehensive
estimates."
Correspondence: M. Cancian, University of
Wisconsin, La Follette Institute of Public Affairs, School of Social
Work, 1225 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706. E-mail:
cancian@lafollette.wisc.edu. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20577 Card, David; DiNardo, John; Estes,
Eugena. The more things change: immigrants and the
children of immigrants in the 1940s, the 1970s, and the 1990s.
NBER Working Paper, No. 6519, Apr 1998. 42, [18] pp. National Bureau of
Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"In this paper we present a comparative perspective on the
economic performance of [U.S.] immigrants and their children, utilizing
data from the 1940 and 1970 Censuses, and from recent (1994-96) Current
Population Surveys. We find important intergenerational links between
the economic status of immigrant fathers and the economic status and
marriage patterns of their native born sons and daughters. Much of this
linkage works through education...."
Correspondence:
National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's E-mail: card@econ.berkeley.edu.
Location: Princeton University Library (SSRC).
65:20578 Douidich, Mohamed.
Employment, unemployment, and family strategies in Morocco.
[Emploi, chômage et stratégies familiales au Maroc.]
Population, Vol. 53, No. 6, Nov-Dec 1998. 1,185-206 pp. Paris, France.
In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The growing number of family
businesses in Morocco is noteworthy for two reasons: unemployment is
three times lower among the households which own a family business and
two in three jobs are in this sector of the economy. An analysis of the
demographic and socio-occupational structure of the household and of
the logics responsible for the family unit operating as both labour
supply and source of work, help to elucidate the employment strategies
of Moroccan families. These strategies are highly diverse, heavily
based on pluriactivity, and involve employing the less competitive
members in the family business while encouraging the more able into
better paid salaried positions."
Correspondence: M.
Douidich, Direction de la Statistique, B.P. 178, avenue Maâ El
Ainine, Rabat, Morocco. E-mail: mdouidich@statistic.gov.ma.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20579 Fuchs, Victor R.
Provide, provide: the economics of aging. NBER Working Paper,
No. 6642, Jul 1998. 19, [13] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research
[NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"Data from the
[U.S.] Bureau of the Census, the Health Care Financing Administration,
the NBER Tax File, and the Current Population Survey are used to
estimate for the elderly (ages 65 and above) consumption of health care
and income available for other goods and services in 1975, 1985, and
1995.... Changes in age-specific consumption of health care are found
to be much more important than demographic changes. Income inequality
among the elderly in 1995 is found to be much less than at younger
ages."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's
E-mail: claire@newage3.stanford.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SSRC).
65:20580 Gijselinckx, Caroline.
The dynamics of poverty in Belgium. [Bestaansonzekerheid in
dynamisch perspectief.] Bevolking en Gezin, Vol. 27, No. 1, 1998. 17-43
pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
"Panel-analysis shows that long-term as well as short-term
poverty [in Belgium] seems to be concentrated among a clearly
identifiable group: the low-skilled. The direct effect of the level of
education is significant. Furthermore, lifecycle-transitions and
changes in labour market position seem to effect the poverty-risk of
the low-skilled more."
Correspondence: C. Gijselinckx,
Universiteit Antwerpen, Centrum voor Sociaal Beleid, Prinsstraat 13,
2000 Antwerp, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:20581 Gorman, Elizabeth H.
Bringing home the bacon: marital allocation of income-earning
responsibility, job shifts, and men's wages. Journal of Marriage
and the Family, Vol. 61, No. 1, Feb 1999. 110-22 pp. Minneapolis,
Minnesota. In Eng.
"Three dominant perspectives on the
allocation of household responsibilities suggest that married couples
are likely to assign more income-earning responsibility to the
husband.... Married men are likely to be more attentive to
opportunities to increase their earnings and to risks that could reduce
their earnings. Using data from the [U.S.] National Longitudinal Survey
of Youth, this study focuses on men's job-shift processes. Findings
indicate that married men are more likely than single men to pursue
job-shift patterns that result in greater wage gains and to avoid those
that result in lower wage gains and that a portion of the marriage
differential in men's wages is attributable to job-shift
processes."
Correspondence: E. H. Gorman, Harvard
University, Department of Sociology, William James Hall, Cambridge, MA
02138. E-mail: gorman@wjh.harvard.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20582 Gustman, Alan L.; Steinmeier, Thomas
L. Social Security benefits of immigrants and U.S.
born. NBER Working Paper, No. 6478, Mar 1998. 85, [6] pp. National
Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"For each year of work under the [U.S.] Social Security
System, immigrants realize a higher benefit than U.S. born, even when
their earnings are identical in all years the immigrant has been in the
U.S. Two features of the social security benefit calculation are
responsible for the relatively favorable treatment of immigrants: the
social security benefit formula transfers benefits toward those with
low lifetime covered earnings, and all years an immigrant spends
outside the U.S. are treated as years of zero
earnings."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's
E-mail: Alan.L.Gustman@Dartmouth.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SSRC).
65:20583 Houseknecht, Sharon K.; Aal, Mohamed
A. Forms of economic security and the family. Journal
of Comparative Family Studies, Vol. 29, No. 3, Autumn 1998. 429-49 pp.
Calgary, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This work
stresses differences between two forms of economic security [in Egypt].
One is formal and is provided by coverage through public programs. The
other is informal and the family is its major source. Our primary
concern is with the processes involved in the transformation of the
family economic security system and family culture and social
structures. To this end, we test the influence of two major hypotheses,
one emphasizing the importance of economic independence that is
associated with industrial employment and coverage by formal economic
security programs and the other the importance of space or geographical
mobility."
Correspondence: S. K. Houseknecht, Ohio
State University, Department of Sociology, 300 Bricker Hall, 190 North
Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210-1353. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20584 Kim, Meesook. Racial and
gender differences in income before and after retirement in the
U.S. Health and Social Welfare Review, Vol. 18, No. 2, Winter
1998. 3-34 pp. Seoul, Republic of Korea. In Kor. with sum. in Eng.
"This study examines [U.S.] racial and gender differences in
income (earnings, social security benefit, pension, and assets income)
before and after retirement, employing data from the Social Beneficiary
Survey.... It was found that human capital, in terms of formal
education, positively affects income from all four sources examined,
and also serves as an important intervening variable, reducing the
income disadvantage of nonwhites, but not of women.... Contrary to
public belief, this study finds that racial and gender inequality
continues to exist after retirement, as well as
before."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20585 Macadar, Daniel; Mendive,
Carlos. Indirect estimation of income and proportion of
poor households: a methodological hierarchy for small areas.
[Estimación indirecta de ingresos y proporción de hogares
pobres: una metodología para jerarquizar áreas menores.]
Notas de Población, Vol. 25, No. 66, Dec 1998. 111-55 pp.
Santiago, Chile. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"The purpose of
this paper is to produce indicators of income insufficiency at
geographically disaggregated levels by combining information from the
Continuous Household Survey (CHS) and the Population and Housing
Censuses (PHC) of Uruguay, 1985.... Estimates allowed [us] to construct
a hierarchy of the geographical areas according to the proportion of
poor households and other income distribution indicators, including
measures of distance within the income distribution and of the
intensity of poverty...."
Correspondence: D. Macadar,
Universidad de la República Oriental, Facultad de Ciencias
Sociales, Avenida 18 de Julio 1968, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20586 Ohtake, Fumio; Saito,
Makoto. Population aging and consumption inequality in
Japan. Review of Income and Wealth, Vol. 44, No. 3, Sep 1998.
361-81 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This paper analyses
how consumption inequality within a fixed cohort grows with age using
Japanese household microdata. Following the method developed by Deaton
and Paxson (1994), we obtain the following results. First, consumption
inequality starts to increase at the age of 40. Second, younger
generations face a more unequal distribution from the beginning of
their life-cycle. Third, half of the rapid increase in the economy-wide
consumption inequality during the 1980s was caused by population aging,
while one-third was due to the increasing cohort effect. The paper
compares the above results with those of Deaton and
Paxson."
Correspondence: F. Ohtake, Osaka University,
Institute of Social and Economic Research, 6-1 Mihogaoka Ibaraki, Osaka
567, Japan. E-mail: ohtake@iser.osaka-u.ac.jp. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20587 Olmedo, Catón.
Population trends and poverty. [Tendencias demográficas
y pobreza.] Correo Poblacional y de la Salud, Vol. 6, No. 1, Apr 1998.
5-7 pp. Quito, Ecuador. In Spa.
The author considers the relation
between population dynamics and poverty in Ecuador. The standard of
living of the poor population is noted to depend on gross domestic
products, social services such as health and education, and the size of
the economically active population.
Correspondence: C.
Olmedo, Centro de Estudios de Población y Paternidad
Responsable, Toribio Montes 423 y Daniel Hidalgo, Casilla No.
17-01-2327, Quito, Ecuador. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20588 Rabusic, Ladislav. Are
the Czech elderly poor? [Jsou cestí seniori chudí?]
Sociologický Casopis, Vol. 34, No. 3, 1998. 303-20 pp. Prague,
Czech Republic. In Cze. with sum. in Eng.
The extent to which the
elderly in the Czech Republic are poor is examined. The author
concludes that poverty among the retired population is rare, although
the standard of living of many of the elderly is quite low, and between
30 and 50 percent of elderly people think of themselves as being poor.
The author also examines the relationship between the concepts of
poverty and social exclusion, which is an issue of growing concern for
the elderly.
Correspondence: L. Rabusic, Masarykovy
Univerzity, Fakulta Sociálních Studií,
Gorkého 7, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic. E-mail:
rabu@fss.muni.cz. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:20589 Rabusic, Ladislav. The
poverty of the Czech elderly--myth or reality? Czech Sociological
Review, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1998. 5-24 pp. Prague, Czech Republic. In Eng.
"Poverty among the Czech elderly is considered from two
perspectives: objective and subjective. Various indicators of objective
poverty are analysed, such as the relation of average monthly income to
average old-age pension, pension inequalities, the structure of
household expenditures, and the structure of consumer durables
ownership, as are representative survey data measuring subjective
poverty. It is concluded that from the objective point of view the
Czech elderly are as a whole well above subsistence poverty. However,
their subjective poverty seems quite far-reaching, affecting between 30
and 50 percent."
Correspondence: L. Rabusic, Masaryk
University, Faculty of Social Studies, Department of Sociology,
Gorkého 7, 660 88 Brno, Czech Republic. E-mail:
rabu@phil.muni.cz. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:20590 Samwick, Andrew A. New
evidence on pensions, social security, and the timing of
retirement. NBER Working Paper, No. 6534, Apr 1998. 54 pp.
National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
In Eng.
"Using a unique dataset that links the economic and
demographic information of [U.S.] households with the details of their
pension formulas, I estimate the combined effect of Social Security and
pension benefits on the probability of retirement in a cross-section of
the population near retirement age. The accrual rate of retirement
wealth is shown to be a significant determinant of the probability of
retirement."
Correspondence: National Bureau of
Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Author's E-mail: samwick@dartmouth.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SSRC).
65:20591 Shields, Michael A.; Price, Stephen
W. The earnings of male immigrants in England: evidence
from the quarterly LFS. Applied Economics, Vol. 30, No. 9, Sep
1998. 1,157-68 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"In this paper we
estimate earnings functions for native born and foreign born white and
non-white males in the English labour market, using data from the
Quarterly Labour Force Survey.... Our results highlight the importance
of distinguishing between native born and foreign born males when
investigating the labour market experience of ethnic minorities.
Furthermore, the earnings performance amongst white immigrants varies
considerably."
Correspondence: M. A. Shields,
University of Leicester, Department of Economics, University Road,
Leicester LE1 7RH, England. E-mail: mas9@le.ac.uk. Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
65:20592 Siklos, Pierre L.; Marr,
William. The unemployment insurance compensation. Usage of
Canada's immigrants in selected provinces, 1981-1988.
International Migration, Vol. 36, No. 3, 1998. 337-56 pp. Geneva,
Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This paper
explores the relationship between province of residence and the use of
unemployment insurance (UI) among immigrants who landed in Canada
during the period 1981-88. Use of a new data set, the Longitudinal
Immigration Data Base, overcomes the restriction that other data sets
are cross-sectional only in nature or do not identify birthplace. Our
principal conclusion is that more generous UI benefits and poorer
economic conditions than the Canadian average have a positive impact on
the fraction of immigrants who receive UI. In addition, the province of
residence has a separate effect on the likelihood of claiming UI,
perhaps due to mobility costs. Because national immigration policies
have a differential impact across provinces, it is understandable that
provincial policymakers wish to have greater influence over federal
immigration policies."
Correspondence: P. L. Siklos,
Wilfrid Laurier University, Department of Economics, Waterloo, Ontario
N2L 3C5, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20593 Sinn, Hans-Werner. The
pay-as-you-go pension system as a fertility insurance and enforcement
device. NBER Working Paper, No. 6610, Jun 1998. 28 pp. National
Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"It is argued that a PAYGO system may have useful allocative
functions in that it serves as an insurance against not having children
and as an enforcement device for `rotten kids' who are unwilling to pay
their parents a pension. It is true that the system has amoral hazard
effect in terms of reducing the investment in human capital, but, if it
is run on a sufficiently small scale, this effect will not be strong
enough to prevent a welfare improvement."
Correspondence:
National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's E-mail:
hans-werner.sinn@ces.vel.uni-muenchen.de. Location: Princeton
University Library (SSRC).
65:20594 Spener, David; Bean, Frank
D. Self-employment concentration and earnings among
Mexican immigrants in the U.S. Social Forces, Vol. 77, No. 3, Mar
1999. 1,021-47 pp. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
"In
this article, we draw upon the ethnic entrepreneurship and urban
ecological literatures to develop a hypothesis about how the relative
size of the local ethnic market conditions the extent to which
interurban variation in the self-employment rate of Mexican immigrants
will influence the incomes of Mexican immigrants who are not
self-employed. Further, we use data from the 1990 U.S. Census of
Population and Housing to investigate this hypothesis for Mexican
immigrants residing in sixty U.S. metropolitan statistical areas.
Results from the analyses indicate that the effects of variation in
levels of self-employment depend upon the relative size of the local
ethnic market...."
Correspondence: D. Spener, Trinity
University, Department of Sociology, 715 Stadium Drive, San Antonio, TX
78212. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Descriptive studies of populations according to literacy and educational attainment, cultural background, religious affiliation, residential characteristics and segregation, and the like. Studies on social mobility are also coded under this heading.
65:20595 Akbari, Ather H.
Immigrant "quality" in Canada: more direct evidence of
human capital content, 1956-1994. International Migration Review,
Vol. 33, No. 1, Spring 1999. 156-75 pp. Staten Island, New York. In
Eng.
"This article provides direct evidence about educational
attainments of new arrivals in Canada over the period 1956 to 1994....
Immigrant data are also compared with the educational attainment of the
Canadian-born population in corresponding periods.... Results show
that, in the total immigrant inflows of any subperiod since 1956, the
percentages of those with high school education or less have been
declining and have been lower than those for the Canadian-born
population, while the percentages of those with university degrees have
been rising and have been higher than those for the Canadian-born
population."
Correspondence: A. H. Akbari, Saint
Mary's University, Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3 Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20596 Brutsaert, Herman. Risks
for grade retention in elementary school: family structure and school
context. [Risicofactor bij het oplopen van schoolachterstand in
het basisonderwijs: gezinsstructuur en schoolcontext.] Bevolking en
Gezin, Vol. 27, No. 1, 1998. 119-30 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with
sum. in Eng.
"This paper examines single-sex and coeducational
schooling in its effects upon grade retention differences between girls
and boys [in Belgium]. Use was made of data concerning 2,139 sixth
grade pupils from 24 coeducational and 36 single-sex...private schools
in Belgium. A logistic regression analysis was performed taking into
account the effect of socioeconomic status, family intactness, maternal
employment status, family size and gender composition of the teaching
staff. The results indicate that boys are more likely to experience a
retention in coeducational than in boys'
schools."
Correspondence: H. Brutsaert, Universiteit
Gent, Vakgroep Sociologie, Universiteitstraat 4, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20597 Chaube, S. K. The
scheduled tribes and Christianity in India. Economic and Political
Weekly, Vol. 34, No. 9, Feb-Mar 1999. 524-6 pp. Mumbai, India. In Eng.
"A glance at the census reports on religion will show that the
growth rate of the Christian community is the lowest among all the
religious communities in India. Another feature is the recent
association of Christianity with the scheduled tribes, largely because
Christianity happens to constitute religious identity of the
overwhelming majority of the tribals in the four north-eastern states
of India." Data are from the period 1951-1991.
Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
65:20598 Crowder, Kyle D.
Residential segregation of West Indians in the New York/New Jersey
metropolitan area: the roles of race and ethnicity. International
Migration Review, Vol. 33, No. 1, Spring 1999. 79-113 pp. Staten
Island, New York. In Eng.
"To assess the relative roles of
race and ethnicity in shaping patterns of residential segregation, this
article utilizes indices of segregation and a geographic mapping
strategy to examine the residential patterns of West Indian blacks in
the greater New York City area. The socioeconomic characteristics of
neighborhoods occupied by West Indian blacks are also examined and
compared to those of areas occupied by African Americans. The results
indicate that, on one hand, West Indians are largely denied access to
residential areas occupied predominantly by whites and are confined to
areas of large black concentrations. On the other hand, West Indians
appear to have carved out somewhat separate residential enclaves within
these largely black areas...."
Correspondence: K. D.
Crowder, Western Washington University, Department of Sociology,
Arntzen Hall 510, MS-9081, Bellingham, WA 98225-9081. E-mail:
crowder@cc.wwu.edu. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:20599 Jones, Gavin W. Human
resource development in the Asia-Pacific region: implications for
Australia. Journal of the Australian Population Association, Vol.
14, No. 2, Nov 1997. 127-44 pp. Canberra, Australia. In Eng.
"Educational development has played a role in rapid economic
development in East and Southeast Asia.... Australia faces problems in
common with countries of the region, including the need to provide
greater equality of educational opportunity to students from
disadvantaged backgrounds, and to find the appropriate disciplinary mix
in tertiary education. The massive growth of the numbers with secondary
and higher education in the region will provide opportunities to market
our education, pose issues for Australian immigration policy, and
provide both risks and opportunities in building a favourable image of
Australia."
Correspondence: G. W. Jones, Australian
National University, Research School of Social Sciences, Demography
Program, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20600 Krivo, Lauren J.; Kaufman, Robert
L. How low can it go? Declining black-white segregation in
a multiethnic context. Demography, Vol. 36, No. 1, Feb 1999.
93-109 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"We extend
research on whites' neighborhood contact with blacks, population
composition, and prospects for desegregation by developing a new
measure of the floor of racial residential segregation under conditions
of low black-white contact. The measure incorporates the way in which
multiethnic contexts further constrain levels of black-white
segregation. The results show that black-white desegregation is likely
when the black population is small, but is unlikely otherwise. Yet,
when multiple ethnic groups are sufficiently large, a moderate level of
black-white segregation is necessary for whites to maintain low
neighborhood contact with blacks, even when the proportion of African
Americans is small."
This is a revised version of a paper
originally presented at the 1994 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America.
Correspondence: L. J. Krivo, Ohio
State University, Department of Sociology, 300 Bricker Hall, 190 North
Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210-1353. E-mail: krivo.1@osu.edu.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20601 Liska, Allen E.; Logan, John R.;
Bellair, Paul E. Race and violent crime in the
suburbs. American Sociological Review, Vol. 63, No. 1, Feb 1998.
27-38 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"We examine the effects of
racial composition on crime rates, but we give equal weight to the
opposite causal order--the violent crime rate itself could cause a
change in racial composition." The authors test the hypothesis
using data "for a national sample of [U.S.] suburbs for the period
1970 to 1990. We find significant and approximately equal causal
effects in both directions; specifically, it is the robbery component
of crime that affects racial composition. High robbery rates are
associated with black population growth while stimulating white
flight."
Correspondence: A. E. Liska, State University
of New York, Department of Sociology, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany,
NY 12222. E-mail: ael62@cnsibm.albany.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20602 Maguire, Daniel C.; Rasmussen, Larry
L. Ethics for a small planet: new horizons on population,
consumption, and ecology. SUNY Series in Religious Studies, ISBN
0-7914-3645-4. LC 97-9361. 1998. xv, 151 pp. State University of New
York Press: Albany, New York. In Eng.
"This book offers an
original and realistic assessment of the crisis caused by the combined
impact of overpopulation, overconsumption, and economic and political
injustice. It summons religious scholarship into urgent dialogue with
the other disciplines and with the world's policymakers. The authors
seek a new understanding of religion and its power.... Both authors
argue that there are positive and renewable moral energies in the
world's religions and that unless religion, understood as a response to
the sanctity of life, animates our ethical debates, the prospects for
the world are grim. The sense of the sacred is presented here as the
nucleus of the good and the only force that can bring about the
lifestyle changes and power reallocations that are necessary to prevent
terracide."
Correspondence: State University of New
York Press, State University Plaza, Albany, NY 12246. Location:
Population Council Library, New York, NY.
65:20603 Nixon, Lucia A.; Robinson, Michael
D. The educational attainment of young women: role model
effects of female high school faculty. Demography, Vol. 36, No. 2,
May 1999. 185-94 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"To test
for the presence of role model effects of female high school faculty
and professional staff on young women in high school, we estimate
several models of educational attainment for young women using data
from the [U.S.] National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. Exposure to
female high school faculty and professional staff has a positive impact
on the educational attainment of young women. This result, combined
with our finding that female faculty and professional staff have no
significant impact on the educational attainment of young men, supports
a female role model hypothesis."
Correspondence: M. D.
Robinson, Mount Holyoke College, Department of Economics, South Hadley,
MA 01075. E-mail: mirobins@mtholyoke.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:20604 Sanders, Todd. Making
children, making chiefs: gender, power and ritual legitimacy.
Africa, Vol. 68, No. 2, 1998. 238-62 pp. London, England. In Eng. with
sum. in Fre.
"This article explores indigenous notions of
power and chiefly legitimacy among the Ihanzu, a relatively small
Bantu-speaking community located in north central Tanzania. Particular
attention is paid to local ideas and ideals of gender...in an effort to
show the complex ways in which gender categories, when combined, are
powerful and capable of effecting transformations of different
sorts.... It is suggested that the strategic combination of the
cultural categories `male' and `female' provides the underlying
transformative model both for sexual reproduction and for
rainmaking."
Location: New York Public Library, New
York, NY.
65:20605 Schiltz, Marie-Ange.
Young homosexual itineraries in the context of HIV: establishing
lifestyles. Population: An English Selection, Vol. 10, No. 2,
1998. 417-45 pp. Paris, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This article analyses the itineraries of young male
homo/bisexuals based on a survey conducted in the gay press [in France]
in 1995.... Young homosexuals have to face the double problem of
finding a place in a circle of tolerant relations and creating a way of
life which will allow a full development of their sexual orientation.
To this there is now added a dramatic epidemiological context, in the
form of the very high incidence of HIV in this group.... General
population studies are used to examine whether the process whereby
young homosexuals become autonomous is similar to that of other young
people and to what extent their trajectory is influenced by their
marginal sexuality."
Correspondence: M.-A. Schiltz,
CAMS/Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, 54 boulevard
Raspail, 75006 Paris, France. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
Descriptive studies of populations on the basis of race, ethnic group, language, and national origin.
65:20606 Aleksakhina, Natal'ia A.
Changing tendencies in national identity of the peoples of
Russia. Sociological Research, Vol. 38, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1999. 70-8
pp. Armonk, New York. In Eng.
The author examines changes in the
ethnic composition of the population of Russia over time, with
particular reference to the factors that influence people to change
their ethnic affiliation in response to political or other pressures.
Attention is also given to the effects of ethnically mixed marriages on
the nationality chosen by the children of such marriages.
Translated
from the Russian article in Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya, No. 2,
1998, pp. 49-54.
Correspondence: N. A. Aleksakhina,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Socioeconomic Problems of the
Population, Leninsky Pr. 14, 117901 Moscow, Russia. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
65:20607 Banton, Michael. Are
there ethnic groups in South Asia? Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol.
21, No. 5, Sep 1998. 990-4 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The
question whether there are ethnic groups in South Asia is relevant to
the application of international law, as when states report under the
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial
Discrimination. Whether it is important to the advancement of social
science is less certain. To classify certain groups as ethnic groups
adds little to the explanation of the character of inter-group
relations in the region."
Correspondence: M. Banton,
University of Bristol, Department of Sociology, 12 Woodland Road,
Bristol BS8 1UQ, Avon, England. E-mail: michael@banton.demon.co.uk.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
65:20608 Chan, Yiu Man; Chan,
Christine. The Chinese in Britain. New Community,
Vol. 23, No. 1, Jan 1997. 123-31 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"This research note offers a brief historical perspective on
the relationship between Hong Kong and Britain and describes the
demographic profile of the Chinese community in Britain...[using]
information obtained from the 1991 [UK] Census.... The data analysis
shows that the Chinese population is widely dispersed and increasing
rapidly, and is characterised by a high child-bearing capacity and a
low rate of unemployment."
Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
65:20609 Haug, Werner; Courbage, Youssef;
Compton, Paul. The demographic characteristics of national
minorities in certain European states, Volume 1. Population
Studies, No. 30, ISBN 92-871-3769-2. Dec 1998. 159 pp. Council of
Europe: Strasbourg, France. In Eng.
This is the first of two
planned volumes that are concerned with both quantitative and
qualitative assessments of minority populations in Europe. This volume
examines the demographic characteristics of the main national
minorities in Hungary, Romania, and Slovakia as well as in two
communities in Northern Ireland. It also contains a survey of the
statistical sources on religion, language, and national and ethnic
groups in Europe, as well as a discussion on some of the scientific and
political aspects related to the collection of data on such minorities
in European countries.
Correspondence: Council of Europe
Publishing, 67075 Strasbourg Cedex, France. E-mail: publishing@coe.fr.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20610 Hooper, Linda M.; Bennett, Claudette
E. The Asian and Pacific Islander population in the United
States: March 1997 (update). Current Population Reports, Series
P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 512, Sep 1998. 2 pp. U.S. Bureau
of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"Detailed tabulations
are now available which provide demographic characteristics on the
social and economic status of the civilian noninstitutional Asian and
Pacific Islander population in the United States, based on the March
1997 Current Population Survey.... The set of detailed tabulations
consists of 11 tables (87 pages) from the 1997 Current Population
Survey. The electronic version of these tables is available on the
Internet, at the Census Bureau's World-Wide Web site
(http://www.census.gov).... A paper version of these tables is
available as PPL-108 for $28.40."
Correspondence: U.S.
Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop
SSOM, Washington, D.C. 20402. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20611 Kurien, Prema. Gendered
ethnicity: creating a Hindu Indian identity in the United States.
American Behavioral Scientist, Vol. 42, No. 4, Jan 1999. 648-70 pp.
Thousand Oaks, California. In Eng.
"Based on a study of three
Hindu Indian religio-cultural organizations whose members live in and
around a metropolitan area in California, this article examines the
central role played by gender in the creation of ethnic communities and
cultures among Hindu Indian immigrants.... The author argues that
migration and settlement result in an interrelated but distinct
sequence of gendered processes at three analytical levels--the
household, the local ethnic community, and the pan-Indian umbrella
organizations. The processes occurring at the three levels intermesh in
a complicated and contradictory dynamic. The contradictions are
manifested in the construction of gendered ethnicity and in gender
practice, particularly at the organizational
level."
Correspondence: P. Kurien, University of
Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089.
Location: Princeton University Library (SF).
65:20612 Luther, Norman Y.; Gaminiratne, K. H.
W.; Gray, Alan. Consistent correction of data for
aboriginal populations. Journal of the Australian Population
Association, Vol. 12, No. 2, Nov 1995. 147-64 pp. Canberra, Australia.
In Eng.
"A consistent correction procedure is used to
determine improved, consistent estimates by sex of census age
distributions, intercensal births, intercensal deaths and net migration
by age for the Aboriginal populations of the Northern Territory, South
Australia and Western Australia during the period 1986-91. Undercount
estimates and life tables show the Aboriginal populations to have lower
coverage in statistical collections and much higher death risks than
the total Australian population. Inter-regional net migration estimates
show that component of change can no longer be
ignored."
Correspondence: N. Y. Luther, East-West
Center, Program on Population, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20613 Martin, David; Taylor, John.
Ethnographic perspectives on the enumeration of aboriginal people
in remote Australia. Journal of the Australian Population
Association, Vol. 13, No. 1, May 1996. 17-31 pp. Canberra, Australia.
In Eng.
"This paper compares population counts and age
distributions from the last two Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)
enumerations of the Aboriginal population of Aurukun, Cape York
Peninsula, with the results of detailed ethnographic surveys of the
same population at similar points in time. This reveals substantially
lower numbers for the ABS counts, particularly of young adults and
children. Reasons for this discrepancy are sought in the ethnographic
realities of remote indigenous communities and an alternative
methodology for Aboriginal enumeration in remote regions is
suggested."
Correspondence: D. Martin, Australian
National University, Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research,
Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:20614 Naidu, T. S. The Shompen
aboriginal tribal population and problems of survival in Great Nicobar
Island. Journal of Family Welfare, Vol. 44, No. 2, Jun 1998. 59-66
pp. Mumbai, India. In Eng.
"Great Nicobar Island [India] is
one of the Andaman and Nicobar islands and home to the Shompen
aborigine tribe.... The present article attempts...to enumerate the
Shompen population and to study in detail the population structure and
their problems of survival." Information is provided on population
growth, structure, and composition; number of living children; age and
sex distribution; household size; and spatial
distribution.
Correspondence: T. S. Naidu, Pondicherry
Central University, Centre for Futures Studies, Pondicherry 605 014,
India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:20615 Wong, David W. S. A
geographical analysis of multiethnic households in the United
States. International Journal of Population Geography, Vol. 5, No.
1, Jan-Feb 1999. 31-48 pp. Chichester, England. In Eng.
"Using
the household-level data provided by the 5% PUMS [Public Use Microdata
Sample] data from the 1990 Census, this paper reports the pattern of
ethnic mixing at the household level in the U.S. and also describes the
geographical patterns of different types of multiethnic households at
both the state level and the PUMA [Public Use Microdata Area] level.
Several of the largest metropolitan areas are also examined in greater
detail. The strong dominance of whites in the process of ethnic mixing
is clear, as is the expected dominance of blacks in southeastern U.S.
and the dominance of Hispanics in the southwest at the state level. The
PUMA-level analysis reveals local clusters of ethnic mixing that are
not apparent at the state-level analysis."
Correspondence:
D. W. S. Wong, George Mason University, Geography and Earth
Science, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030. E-mail:
dwong2@gmu.edu. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
