Studies concerned with demographic methods and with methods from other disciplines that have been applied to demographic data as a whole. Includes mathematical demography and studies on methods of estimation and indirect estimation. Methodological studies and models concerned with one demographic variable, such as migration, are coded under the category concerned with that topic and cross-referenced to this heading. Studies on models used to investigate relationships between demographic variables and for the analysis of empirical data are also coded under this heading.
65:10702 Blackburn, Keith; Cipriani, Giam
P. Endogenous fertility, mortality and growth.
Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 11, No. 4, 1998. 517-34 pp.
Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
This paper presents a model that
illustrates the joint determination of population and development.
"Economic and demographic outcomes are determined jointly in a
choice-theoretic model of fertility, mortality and capital
accumulation.... In addition to choosing savings and births, parents
may reduce (infant) deaths by incurring expenditures on health-care
which is also provided by the government. A generalised production
technology accounts for long-run endogenous growth with short-run
transitional dynamics. The analysis yields testable time series and
cross-section implications which accord with the empirical evidence on
the relationship between demography and
development."
Correspondence: K. Blackburn, University
of Manchester, School of Economic Studies, Manchester M13 9PL, England.
E-mail: keith.blackburn@man.ac.uk. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:10703 Brunn, Stanley D.; Dahlman, Carl T.;
Taylor, Jonathan S. GIS uses and constraints on diffusion
in Eastern European and the former USSR. Post-Soviet Geography and
Economics, Vol. 39, No. 10, 1998. 566-87 pp. Palm Beach, Florida. In
Eng.
The authors examine the emerging uses of geographic
information systems (GIS) in Eastern Europe and the countries that
formerly were part of the USSR. "The paper, based on a
communications survey, conference participation, and local sources,
devotes particular attention to GIS applications in planning and
services delivery and to variable rates of adoption of GIS technology
in the region, as documented in a table of public-sector applications
compiled by the authors. Factors limiting the utility of traditional
innovation-diffusion models in understanding current patterns are
identified."
Correspondence: S. D. Brunn, University
of Kentucky, Department of Geography, 1457 Patterson Office Tower,
Lexington, KY 40506-0027. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
65:10704 Ghilagaber, Gebrenegus.
Analysis of survival data with multiple causes of failure: a
comparison of hazard- and logistic-regression models with application
in demography. Quality and Quantity, Vol. 32, No. 3, Aug 1998.
297-324 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"The purpose of
the paper is to compare results of estimation and inference concerning
covariate effects as obtained from two approaches to the analysis of
survival data with multiple causes of failure. The first approach
involves a dynamic model for the cause-specific hazard rate. The second
is based on a static logistic regression model for the conditional
probability of having had an event of interest. The influence of
sociodemographic characteristics on the rate of family initiation and,
more importantly, on the choice between marriage and cohabitation as a
first union, is examined. We found that results, generally, are similar
across the methods considered. Some issues in relation to censoring
mechanisms and independence among causes of failure are
discussed."
Correspondence: G. Ghilagaber, University
of Skövde, Institute of Natural Sciences, P.O. Box 408, 541 28
Skövde, Sweden. E-mail: Gebre@inv.his.se. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
65:10705 Gozalo, Pedro L.
Nonparametric bootstrap analysis with applications to demographic
effects in demand functions. Journal of Econometrics, Vol. 81, No.
2, Dec 1997. 357-93 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"A new
bootstrap proposal, labeled smooth conditional moment (SCM) bootstrap,
is introduced for independent but not necessarily identically
distributed data, where the classical bootstrap procedure fails.... A
good example of the benefits of using nonparametric and bootstrap
methods is the area of empirical demand analysis. In particular, we
will be concerned with their application to the study of two important
topics: what are the most relevant effects of household demographic
variables on demand behavior, and to what extent present parametric
specifications capture these effects."
Correspondence:
P. L. Gozalo, Brown University, Department of Economics,
Providence, RI 02912. Location: Princeton University Library
(PF).
65:10706 Longley, Paul A.; Goodchild, Michael
F.; Maguire, David J.; Rhind, David W. Geographical
information systems. 2nd ed. ISBN 0-471-32182-6. 1999. xxv, 1,101,
xciii pp. John Wiley and Sons: New York, New York/Chichester, England.
In Eng.
These two volumes provide a state-of-the-art source of
knowledge and practice for geographic information systems (GIS) users
worldwide. This edition, which is completely reorganized and rewritten,
contains contributions by almost 100 authors. "Volume 1 offers
detailed coverage of underlying principles and methodology that
addresses the tremendous shifts and changes that have occurred in GIS
technology over the last several years. Volume 2 provides an in-depth
look at GIS management issues and operational applications across a
breadth of areas, identifying and tackling the important challenges
involved in implementing and using GIS in the real
world."
Correspondence: John Wiley and Sons, 605 Third
Avenue, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10158-0012. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10707 Lutz, Wolfgang; Sanderson, Warren;
Scherbov, Sergei. Probabilistic population projections
based on expert opinion. In: The future population of the world:
what can we assume today?, edited by Wolfgang Lutz. Rev. ed. 1996.
397-428 pp. International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis
[IIASA]: Laxenburg, Austria; Earthscan Publications: London, England.
In Eng.
The authors propose and implement a new method of dealing
with the problem of uncertainty in making population projections.
"We call our projections `probabilistic population projections
based on expert opinion'. Our method is distinguished from other
methods by its use of expert opinion both on the future courses of
fertility, mortality, and migration, and on the extent of their
uncertainty." Separate consideration is given to regional and
global projections.
Correspondence: W. Lutz, International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10708 Steinmann, Gunter; Prskawetz, Alexia;
Feichtinger, Gustav. A model on the escape from the
Malthusian trap. Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 11, No. 4,
1998. 535-50 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"We propose a model
to capture the escape from the Malthusian trap in the longrun. Our aim
is to emphasize the key role of endogenous technological progress--as
initiated by population growth and education--for longrun economic
development. In addition we stress the importance to consider the level
of fertility and mortality as the determinants of economic development
and not only the rate of population growth. In particular, we may
observe different economic growth rates in countries with the same rate
of population growth, but differing levels of birth and death
rates."
Correspondence: G. Steinmann, Martin-Luther
University Halle-Wittenberg, Department of Economics, Grosse
Steinstraße 73, 06108 Halle/Saale, Germany. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10709 Sui, Daniel Z. GIS-based
urban modelling: practices, problems, and prospects. International
Journal of Geographical Information Science, Vol. 12, No. 7, Oct-Nov
1998. 651-71 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"This paper reviews
the practices, problems, and prospects of GIS-based urban modelling.
The author argues that current stand-alone and various loose/tight
coupling approaches for GIS-based urban modelling are essentially
technology-driven without adequate justification and verification for
the urban models being implemented. The absolute view of space and time
embodied in the current generation of GIS also imposes constraints on
the type of new urban models that can be developed. By reframing the
future research agenda from a geographical information science (GISci)
perspective, the author contends that the integration of urban
modelling with GIS must proceed with the development of new models for
the informational cities, the incorporation of multi-dimensional
concepts of space and time in GIS, and the further extension of the
feature-based model to implement these new urban models and
spatial-temporal concepts according to the emerging interoperable
paradigm."
Correspondence: D. Z. Sui, Texas A&M
University, Department of Geography, College Station, TX 77843-3147.
E-mail: D-Sui@tamu.edu. Location: Princeton University Library
(SG).
