Studies concerned with the relations between population factors as a whole and noneconomic factors. Relations affecting a single demographic variable are coded under the variable concerned and not in this division. Studies concerned equally with economic and social factors are coded under K.1.1. General Economic Development and Population.
Studies on interrelations with education, religion, social change, and socioeconomic status.
65:10613 Artus, Patrick; Legros,
Florence. Aging populations, political power, retirement
programs, and growth. [Vieillissement de la population, pouvoir
électoral, système de retraites et croissance.] Revue
Economique, Vol. 48, No. 4, Jul 1997. 899-921 pp. Paris, France. In
Fre. with sum. in Eng.
Recent demographic trends in France are
first reviewed, and the various claims that the retired population has
made on the current pension system are described. A theoretical model
is developed to illustrate how the present system differs from an
optimal system seen from the point of view of different age groups,
such as the young and the retired.
Correspondence: P.
Artus, Caisse des Dépôts et Consignations, Service FMR, 56
rue de Lille, 75007 Paris, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
65:10614 Becker, Charles M.; Urzhumova, Dina
S. Pension burdens and labor force participation in
Kazakstan. World Development, Vol. 26, No. 11, Nov 1998. 2,087-103
pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper examines the
pressures imposed by the vast pension system in the former Soviet
republic of Kazakstan. Today, some 17% of the country receives pension
payments, one of the highest rates in the world--despite the fact that
Kazakstan is only now completing its demographic transition. Using a
pooled regional-time series data set from pre- and post-Soviet eras,
the paper also examines determinants of pension populations and the
labor force participation rate. It finds that Kazakstanis in the
post-Soviet era respond to price incentives both with respect to real
pensions and real wage rates--in stark contrast to dramatically
backward-bending labor supply curves of the Soviet
era."
Correspondence: C. M. Becker, University of
Colorado, Institute of Behavioral Science, Population Program, Campus
Box 484, Boulder, CO 80309-0484. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
65:10615 Buckley, Cynthia.
Obligations and expectations: renegotiating pensions in the Russian
Federation. Continuity and Change, Vol. 13, No. 3, Aug 1998.
317-38 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Ger.
"While aging trends throughout the former Soviet bloc have
been the subject of research, less attention is typically paid to the
institutional and social legacies of the previous regimes concerning
pensions. Unlike developing countries, struggling to initiate a system
of pensions, Russia is attempting to maintain a comprehensive system in
the face of extreme resource constraints and a large retirement-aged
population. The difficulties associated with the provision of old age
pensions in Russia highlight the challenges of curtailing social
programmes for transitional economies and the problems associated with
adjusting pension systems to evolving economic and demographic
realities."
Correspondence: C. Buckley, University of
Texas, Department of Sociology, Austin, TX 78712. Location:
Princeton University Library (SF).
65:10616 Davis, E. Philip. Can
pension systems cope? Population ageing and retirement income provision
in the European Union. ISBN 1-86203-036-7. 1997. viii, 68 pp.
Royal Institute of International Affairs: London, England. In Eng.
This study "examines the effect of ageing in the EU [European
Union] on economic performance in general and on pension systems in
particular. Significant reform of many such systems is imperative, and
delay could be dangerous; vested interests supporting the status quo
will only strengthen as the proportion of the population approaching
retirement age increases. [The author] argues that the opportunity
should now be seized to introduce decisive but phased reforms, allowing
individuals sufficient time to adapt. Current `pay-as-you-go' schemes
should continue to play a role, especially in view of the important
contribution they make to poverty alleviation. The development of
private and public funded schemes should nonetheless be considered a
priority: not only would they help to avert a looming financing crisis,
but they should also contribute to the generation of increased private
investment and economic growth."
Correspondence: Royal
Institute of International Affairs, Chatham House, 10 St. James's
Square, London SW1Y 4LE, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:10617 Diniz, Simone G.; de Mello e Souza,
Cecília; Portella, Ana P. Not like our mothers:
reproductive choice and the emergence of citizenship among Brazilian
rural workers, domestic workers and housewives. In: Negotiating
reproductive rights: women's perspectives across countries and
cultures, edited by Rosalind P. Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998. 31-68
pp. Zed Books: Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey/London, England. In Eng.
This is the report on Brazil from the team sent out by the
International Reproductive Rights Research Action Group [IRRRAG] to
study women's views of reproductive rights at the grassroots level.
Interviewing 158 women and 24 men the team "carried out [its]
study among three groups representing Brazilian women's most frequent
activities: rural workers in the Northeast, domestic servants in Rio de
Janeiro, and low-income housewives active in the popular health
movement in Sao Paulo's outskirts." After an overview of Brazil's
political and socioeconomic context and the women's movement there, the
authors discuss women's views of the public and private spheres, their
experiences of sexuality, marriage, and the family, and their
perceptions of their reproductive life and health, including
contraception and abortion.
Translated from the Portuguese by Jones
de Freitas and Cecília de Mello e Souza.
Correspondence:
S. G. Diniz, Coletivo Femenista Sexualidade Saúde,
São Paulo, Brazil. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:10618 Fabros, Mercedes L.; Paguntalan,
Aileen M. C.; Arches, Lourdes L.; Guia-Padilla, Maria T.
From sanas to dapat: negotiating entitlement in reproductive
decision-making in the Philippines. In: Negotiating reproductive
rights: women's perspectives across countries and cultures, edited by
Rosalind P. Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998. 217-55 pp. Zed Books:
Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey/London, England. In Eng.
This is a
report on the situation with regard to reproductive rights in the
Philippines. The report was prepared by a research team from the
International Reproductive Rights Research Action Group [IRRRAG].
"A total of fourteen mother-daughter pairs were selected from
three communities, chosen in part because of the presence of local
women's organizations.... Life stories were completed in at least two
`formal sessions'...as well as a number of informal chats, following at
least two months' residence in each community; follow-up survey
interviews were [also] done.... Additional validation was done through
focus groups.... This three-pronged methodology enabled us to look at
women's perceptions and behaviour over the life cycle as well as in
different locations." Topics addressed included education and
girlhood, marriage, motherhood, employment, marital relations,
sexuality, and fertility regulation, including
abortion.
Correspondence: M. L. Fabros, WomanHealth
Philippines, 16 Cabanatuan Road, Philam Homes, 1104 Quezon City,
Philippines. E-mail: womanhealth@phil.gn.apc.org. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10619 Forte, Dianne J.; Judd,
Karen. The South within the North: reproductive choice in
three U.S. communities. In: Negotiating reproductive rights:
women's perspectives across countries and cultures, edited by Rosalind
P. Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998. 256-94 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic
Highlands, New Jersey/London, England. In Eng.
This chapter is part
of the seven-country research project carried out by the International
Reproductive Rights Research Action Group [IRRRAG]. It contrasts
women's perceptions of reproductive rights in three U.S. communities:
Soperton, Georgia, a rural Southern town; an immigrant neighborhood in
New York City; and a New York City municipal workers' union. The
authors first present some background information about the three
communities, discussing race, religion, and culture; employment,
poverty, and welfare; union membership and job security; and
reproductive rights, including teenage pregnancy, abortion,
contraception, STDs, and AIDS. The experiences of women, gathered from
interviews and focus group discussions, are presented in sections on
education, employment, marriage and relationships, motherhood,
reproductive health, and sexuality.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:10620 Husain, M. G. Changing
Indian society and status of aged. ISBN 81-86562-29-X. LC
97-905423. 1997. 217 pp. Manak Publications: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
This is a collection of articles on social change and the status of
the elderly in India. Articles are included on psychological and
psychosocial aspects of aging; self-perception of the elderly;
attitudes of retired elderly; value orientation of the aged; religion
and mortality; health-related problems; and incidence of depression
among the aged.
Correspondence: Manak Publications, G-19,
Vijay Chowk, Laxmi Nagar, New Delhi 110 092, India. Location:
U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
65:10621 International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP] (Liège, Belgium);
University of Lund (Lund, Sweden). Seminar on female
empowerment and demographic processes: moving beyond Cairo.
Papers. [1997?]. Liège, Belgium. In Eng.
This volume
includes the papers presented at a conference organized by the IUSSP
Committee on Gender and Population, in cooperation with the University
of Lund's Programme on Population and Development, on the subject of
female empowerment and demographic processes following the 1994 Cairo
International Conference on Population and Development. The IUSSP
conference was held in Lund, Sweden, April 21-24, 1997. The 24 papers
are organized into five sections: What is "female
empowerment"? conceptual and measurement issues; Intersections
between female empowerment and demographic processes; Case studies:
developing countries; Sources of change to empower women; and Moving
beyond Cairo: public policy.
Correspondence: International
Union for the Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins,
4000 Liège, Belgium. E-mail: fdevpop1@vm1.ulg.ac.be.
Location: Population Council Library, New York, NY.
65:10622 International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP] (Liège, Belgium);
Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le
Développement en Coopération [ORSTOM] (Paris,
France). Seminar on women and demographic change in
Sub-Saharan Africa. Papers. Volume 1. [Séminaire sur les
femmes et les changements démographiques en Afrique au sud du
Sahara. Volume 1.] [1997?]. Liège, Belgium. In Eng; Fre.
This volume includes the papers presented at a conference organized
by the IUSSP Committee on Gender and Population, in cooperation with
ORSTOM, on the subject of women and demographic change in Sub-Saharan
Africa, held in Dakar, Senegal, March 3-6, 1993. The papers, which are
in English or French, are organized into eight sections: The status of
women in Sub-Saharan Africa: overview; Nuptiality and family structure;
Fertility; Health and mortality; Sexually transmitted diseases;
Economic activity; Migration; and Natural resources and the
environment.
Correspondence: International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000
Liège, Belgium. E-mail: fdevpop1@vm1.ulg.ac.be. Location:
Population Council Library, New York, NY.
65:10623 Krishnaraj, Maithreyi; Sudarshan,
Ratna M.; Shariff, Abusaleh. Gender, population and
development. ISBN 0-19-564234-1. 1998. xv, 363 pp. Oxford
University Press: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
This is a collection of
papers presented at a 1996 conference held in Delhi, India, on gender
issues in population, health, and development. The papers are grouped
into four sections: Perspectives on gender, population, and
development; Evidence of discrimination; Changing economy and women's
employment; and Improving the quality of population through health
programs for women.
Correspondence: Oxford University
Press, YMCA Library Building, Jai Singh Road, New Delhi 110 001, India.
Location: Population Council Library, New York, NY.
65:10624 Medina, Sergio.
Implementing a new indicator of social development in Mexico:
literate life expectancy (LLE). IIASA Working Paper, No. 96-103,
Aug 1996. vii, 56 pp. International Institute for Applied Systems
Analysis [IIASA]: Laxenburg, Austria. In Eng.
"This paper uses
an innovative indicator of social development, Literate Life Expectancy
(LLE).... LLE is the aggregate average number of years that a person
lives in a literate state. To demonstrate LLE's usefulness, we assessed
the levels of social development in Mexico at the national, regional,
and state levels. The obtained results at the national level were
rather meaningful: between urban and rural women, we found a difference
of almost 20 years of LLE at birth. At the regional level, there are
great disparities among the regions from the North and the South. At
the state level, the LLE reflected both the supremacy of the most
urbanized centers, such as the Federal District and Nuevo Leon, and the
impoverished social conditions of the states of Chiapas, Oaxaca, and
Guerrero from the South."
Correspondence:
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz
1, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria. E-mail: info@iiasa.ac.at. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10625 Morrison, Peter A.
Applying demographic analysis in affirmative action disputes: an
instructional case. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol.
17, No. 5, Oct 1998. 457-78 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This instructional case study illustrates applications of
demographic concepts, data, and techniques in evaluating affirmative
action goals for equalizing employment opportunity. Courts of law
addressing employment discrimination disputes need an accurate picture
of each minority group's proportion in a pool of prospective employees.
The demographic and socioeconomic factors conditioning those
proportions vary from place to place. In the situation examined here,
the court originally used an imperfect population standard to set
hiring goals. The case traces the multiple failures to account for
those conditioning influences and describes the resulting distortions
of legal purpose. In analyzing this failure, students gain experience
in clarifying issues in dispute, devising measures to fit legal
standards, and delineating qualified labor pools." The
geographical focus is on the United States.
Correspondence:
P. A. Morrison, Rand Corporation, 1700 Main Street, Santa Monica,
CA 90407-2138. E-mail: morrison@rand.org. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:10626 Ortiz Ortega, Adriana;
Amuchástegui, Ana; Rivas, Marta. "Because they
were born from me": negotiating women's rights in Mexico. In:
Negotiating reproductive rights: women's perspectives across countries
and cultures, edited by Rosalind P. Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998.
145-79 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey/London, England.
In Eng.
141 Mexican women active in grassroots community groups
were interviewed about their perceptions of reproductive rights by a
research team from the International Reproductive Rights Research
Action Group [IRRRAG]. The goal was to "examine the process by
which grassroots women in three communities in Mexico are carving out a
sense of entitlement as increasingly vocal participants in the current
period of growing political activism.... [The chapter] presents their
voices in an effort to capture the possibilities and limits of their
daily negotiations around reproductive rights and concludes with a
discussion of the structural and personal changes necessary to allow
[their] reproductive rights to become a
reality."
Correspondence: A. Ortiz Ortega, Rio Elba
59-1, Col. Cuauhtemoc, Mexico 06500, D.F., Mexico. E-mail:
adriortiz@laneta.apc.org. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:10627 Osakue, Grace; Martin-Hilber,
Adriane. Women's sexuality and fertility in Nigeria:
breaking the culture of silence. In: Negotiating reproductive
rights: women's perspectives across countries and cultures, edited by
Rosalind P. Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998. 180-216 pp. Zed Books:
Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey/London, England. In Eng.
An
International Reproductive Rights Research Action Group [IRRRAG] team
"sought to learn how Nigerian women negotiate, accommodate or
occasionally reject male control over their fertility and sexuality,
and how these patterns change over the course of their life cycle. In
so doing, [the researchers] found that the women [they] interviewed
straddle the gap between patriarchal tradition and economic necessity
when it comes to reproductive and sexual decision-making." 354
ethnically diverse women participated in group discussions; some were
also interviewed. The political and economic situation in Nigeria is
first sketched out. Then there are sections discussing the status of
women; reproductive health and health policies, including
contraception, abortion, HIV, female circumcision, and public health
care; the women's movement; gender socialization, education, and work;
sexuality; aging; marriage, including polygamy; divorce; and
childbearing and fertility regulation, including
abortion.
Correspondence: G. Osakue, 2 Hudson Lane off
Akpakpava Street, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10628 Petchesky, Rosalind P.
Cross-country comparisons and political visions. In:
Negotiating reproductive rights: women's perspectives across countries
and cultures, edited by Rosalind P. Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998.
295-323 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey/London, England.
In Eng.
The coordinator of the International Reproductive Rights
Research Action Group [IRRRAG], which conducted a seven-country
research project on women's views of reproductive rights, presents some
conclusions and policy recommendations in this chapter. Some common
patterns were found among the low-income women that were interviewed in
Brazil, Egypt, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, the Philippines, and the
United States. Women in all the countries wished to control their own
fertility, childbearing, and contraceptive use, although many barriers
prevented this. Religion influenced, but did not govern women's
behavior with regard to fertility control. Women's earnings
significantly increased their sense of reproductive entitlement, as did
participation in community groups. Women consistently complained about
the poor quality of reproductive health care available to them. The
policy recommendations made include targeting older women as
influential factors, improving the quality of health care, providing
safe abortions, and improving the general conditions of women, which
are inextricably intertwined with their reproductive rights and
health.
Correspondence: R. P. Petchesky, City University of
New York, Hunter College, Room 1713 West, 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY
10021. E-mail: rpetches@shiva.hunter.cuny.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10629 Petchesky, Rosalind P.; Judd,
Karen. Negotiating reproductive rights: women's
perspectives across countries and cultures. ISBN 1-85649-535-3.
1998. viii, 358 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey/London,
England. In Eng.
This book contains a collection of seven reports
by teams sent out to various countries by IRRRAG, the International
Reproductive Rights Research Action Group, to study the local realities
underlying the situation of women with regard to reproductive rights.
The teams surveyed, interviewed, and held group discussions with
low-income women in Brazil, Egypt, Malaysia, Mexico, Nigeria, the
Philippines, and the United States. Many of the women were active in
grassroots organizations. The goal was to capture the perspectives and
cultural context of women, around whom discussions of reproductive
rights revolve, but who are not generally participants in such
discussions due to barriers of education, poverty, culture, or
prejudice. The study found that the significance of reproductive rights
to these women varied widely, and that their views on particular issues
were inextricably intertwined with their social and cultural matrix.
The book includes an introduction and a concluding chapter containing
policy recommendations.
Selected items will be cited in this or
subsequent issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Zed
Books, 7 Cynthia Street, London N1 9JF, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10630 Raj, Rita; Chee, Heng Leng; Shuib,
Rashidah. Between modernization and patriarchal
revivalism: reproductive negotiations among women in Peninsular
Malaysia. In: Negotiating reproductive rights: women's
perspectives across countries and cultures, edited by Rosalind P.
Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998. 108-44 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic
Highlands, New Jersey/London, England. In Eng.
The report of the
International Reproductive Rights Research Action Group [IRRRAG] on
reproductive rights among low-income women in Malaysia is presented in
this chapter. 71 women were interviewed at five sites, including Malay,
Chinese, and Indian communities. "The issues included education,
work, premarital sexuality, marriage, divorce, polygamy, domestic
violence, childbearing and fertility regulation, including
contraceptive methods and abortion."
Correspondence:
R. Raj, Asian Pacific Resource and Research Centre for Women,
Block F, Anjung FELDA, Jalan Maktab, 54000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10631 Seif El Dawla, Aida; Abdel Hadi,
Amal; Abdel Wahab, Nadia. Women's wit over men's:
trade-offs and strategic accommodations in Egyptian women's
reproductive lives. In: Negotiating reproductive rights: women's
perspectives across countries and cultures, edited by Rosalind P.
Petchesky and Karen Judd. 1998. 69-107 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic
Highlands, New Jersey/London, England. In Eng.
This chapter
presents the findings of the International Reproductive Rights Research
Action Group [IRRRAG] team that set out to explore the issues
surrounding reproductive rights from the perspective of low-income
Egyptian women. Group discussions and private interviews were carried
out in seven locations in Cairo, the Delta region, and Upper Egypt, and
included a group of Islamic fundamentalists. Some men were also
interviewed. Topics covered include gender and sexuality, female
circumcision (FGM), marriage, employment, motherhood and reproductive
choices, and abortion.
Correspondence: A. Seif El Dawla,
Ain Shams University, Kasr El-Zaafaran Abbasiya, Cairo, Egypt. Author's
E-mail: hosams@intouch.com. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
Studies on the political aspects of population growth, including the demographic impact of war.
65:10632 Newman, David.
Population as security: the Arab-Israeli struggle for demographic
hegemony. In: Redefining security: population movements and
national security, edited by Nana Poku and David T. Graham. 1998.
163-85 pp. Praeger: Westport, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This chapter examines the various notions of security within
the Arab-Israel context. It briefly summarizes the changing security
discourse taking place.... It then focuses on three components of the
relationship between population policies and security: (1) the
differential processes of Jewish immigration and Arab-Palestinian
refugee outmigration from the country; (2) the differential Arab-Jewish
demographic ratios within different regions of Israel and between
Israel and the occupied territories; and (3) the nature of state
intervention in the planning and settlement process as a means of
ensuring demographic and territorial control. The chapter discusses the
alternative notions of security held by Jewish and Arab-Palestinian
inhabitants of Israel and the West Bank, noting the importance of
citizenship and equality as an alternative definition of security,
particularly for minority groups, and highlighting the asymmetrical
nature of a debate in which Israelis and Palestinians focus on
different dimensions of the meaning of security for their own national
entities."
Correspondence: D. Newman, Ben-Gurion
University of the Negev, Department of Geography, P.O. Box 653, 84105
Beersheba, Israel. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:10633 Poku, Nana; Graham, David T.
Redefining security for a new millennium. In: Redefining
security: population movements and national security, edited by Nana
Poku and David T. Graham. 1998. 1-13 pp. Praeger: Westport,
Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
This chapter explores the
concept of security in the context of a world no longer defined by the
Cold War, and replete with complex migration flows. "Specifically,
the chapter is in three sections. The first section deals with the
traditional conception of security in international relations. The
second section outlines the contours of the emerging security debate.
Finally, the relevance of this debate for the issue of global
population movements is outlined."
Correspondence: N.
Poku, University of Southampton, Department of Politics, Highfield,
Southampton SO9 4XY, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:10634 Schmertmann, Carl P.; Amankwaa,
Adansi A.; Long, Robert D. Three strikes and you're out:
demographic analysis of mandatory prison sentencing. Demography,
Vol. 35, No. 4, Nov 1998. 445-63 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
The authors evaluate the costs and benefits of mandatory sentencing
laws in the United States. "We construct a multistate life-table
model of population flows to and from prisons, incorporating
age-specific transition rates estimated from administrative data from
Florida. We use the multistate life-table model to investigate patterns
of prison population growth and aging under many variants of
three-strikes laws. Our analysis allows us to quantify these
demographic changes and suggests that the aging of prison populations
under three-strikes policies will significantly undermine their
long-run effectiveness."
This is a revised version of a paper
originally presented at the 1995 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America.
Correspondence: C. P. Schmertmann,
Florida State University, Center for the Study of Population, 659-C
Bellamy Building, Tallahassee, FL 32306-2240. E-mail:
schmertmann@fsu.edu. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
Studies on nutrition and health, including psychological aspects and sex behavior. Studies that are concerned with the impact of these factors on fertility are coded under F.5. Factors Other Than Contraception Affecting Fertility.
65:10635 Ampofo, Akosua A.
Framing knowledge, forming behaviour; Ghanaian women's
AIDS-protection strategies. African Journal of Reproductive
Health/Revue Africaine de la Santé Reproductive, Vol. 2, No. 2,
Oct 1998. 151-74 pp. Benin City, Nigeria. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper relies on data from face-to-face interviews among
Ghanaian (female) sex workers, and unmarried women (who are not sex
workers) to examine how the promotion of sexual health behaviour, or
lack thereof, is related to beliefs about AIDS causation and
prevention, and a sense of personal risk. Specifically, the paper
focuses on why some women have adopted the use of condoms and others
have not. Important in this particular analysis is the economic basis
of women's sexual relations, and how this affects their ability to
negotiate for `safer sex' practices. The findings indicate that
`knowledge' has more potency for some women than others, and that this
`potency' is socially defined through asymmetrical
relations."
Correspondence: A. A. Ampofo, University
of Ghana, Institute of African Studies, Development and Women's Studies
Programme, Legon, Ghana. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:10636 Appleyard, Reginald; Wilson,
Andrew. Migration and HIV/AIDS. International
Migration, Vol. 36, No. 4, 1998. 445-645 pp. International Organization
for Migration [IOM]: Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
This special
issue on HIV/AIDS and migration contains papers that were originally
commissioned for a workshop held in Geneva, March 2-3, 1998, organized
jointly by the UN Joint Programme on AIDS (UNAIDS) and the
International Organization for Migration (IOM). "In order to
address gaps in policy and research, and better identify the priorities
for further work, UNAIDS and the IOM undertook a joint project to
review the current state of knowledge about migration and HIV/AIDS, and
to identify priority areas and issues for research and intervention.
The long term objective of this work is to strengthen the joint action
of IOM, UNAIDS and its cosponsors and other key players at the global,
regional and country levels in order to advance the issues of AIDS and
migration to a level of operational response to the epidemic."
There are papers on migration and AIDS in general and regional papers
on West and Central Africa, Eastern and Southern Africa, Southeast
Asia, Eastern Europe and the Community of Independent States, and
Mexico and Central America.
Correspondence: International
Organization for Migration, 17 route des Morillons, Case Postale 71,
1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:10637 Becker, Charles M.; Bibosunova,
Damira I.; Holmes, Grace E.; Ibragimova, Margarita M.
Maternal care vs. economic wealth and the health of newborns:
Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic and Kansas City, USA. World Development,
Vol. 26, No. 11, Nov 1998. 2,057-72 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper focuses on a narrow aspect of the demographic and
health crisis in the former Soviet Union, examining the extent to which
maternal behavior can compensate for poverty and poor medical
conditions. Using sister hospital data from Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan and
Kansas City, USA covering nearly 1,500 live births, the paper finds
that Kyrgyzstani women are partially successful in compensating by
taking better care of themselves and their newborn children. Moreover,
ethnicity within Kyrgyzstan has no apparent impact on maternal
behavior."
Correspondence: C. M. Becker, University of
Colorado, Institute of Behavioral Science, Population Program, Campus
Box 484, Boulder, CO 80309-0484. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
65:10638 Bell, Frances; Millward,
Robert. Public health expenditures and mortality in
England and Wales, 1870-1914. Continuity and Change, Vol. 13, No.
2, Aug 1998. 221-49 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"This
article examines the trends which emerge from a quantification of local
government expenditures on sanitary infrastructure and from attention
to its phasing over time. We are concerned with two main issues: to
what extent do public health expenditure data describe the public
health effort, and how do trends in public health expenditure relate to
the decline of mortality? Our subject is local authority sanitary
reform as a factor in mortality decline and our focus is on the impact
of the timing of public health expenditure rather than the reasons for
that timing. We do not examine inter-relationships between sanitary
reform and other factors contributing to mortality decline such as
income levels and density factors."
Correspondence: F.
Bell, University of Manchester, History Department, Oxford Road,
Manchester M13 9PL, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
65:10639 Berer, Marge; Ravindran, T. K.
Sundari. Sexuality. Reproductive Health Matters, Vol.
6, No. 12, Nov 1998. 189 pp. Reproductive Health Matters: London,
England. In Eng.
This special issue is concerned with aspects of
sexuality relevant to those working in the area of reproductive health.
The contents are as follows: Sex, sexuality and sexual health, by Marge
Berer; Sexuality: not just a reproductive health matter, by Nandini
Oomman; Sexuality today: research and practice, by Juliet Richters;
Bewitched, betwixt, between, by Michael Lim Tan; Protecting school
girls against sexual exploitation: a guardian programme in Mwanza,
Tanzania, by Zaida Mgalla, Dick Schapink, and J. Ties Boerma; HIV
positive women, reproduction and sexuality in São Paulo, Brazil,
by Naila Santos, Elvira Ventura-Filipe, and Vera Paiva; Couple
communication and sexual satisfaction among withdrawal users in
Pakistan, by Megan Douthwaite, Peter Miller, Munawar Sultana, and
Minhaj Haque; Like a video: the sexualisation of childbirth in Bolivia,
by Barbara Bradby; Withholding of sex and forced sex: dimensions of
violence against Zimbabwean women, by Charlotte Watts, Mavis Ndlovu,
Erica Keogh, and Rudo Kwaramba; Exploring the context of women's
sexuality in eastern Turkey, by Pinar Ilkkaracan; Talking about sex, by
Radhika Chandiramani; Differential perspectives of men and women in
Mumbai, India on sexual relations and negotiation within marriage, by
Annie George; Masculine identity and the meanings of sexuality: a
review of research in Mexico, by Ivonne Szasz; and Virginity in Mexico:
the role of competing discourses of sexuality in personal experience,
by Ana Amachástegui Herrera.
Correspondence:
Reproductive Health Matters, 29-35 Farringdon Road, London EC1M
3JB, England. E-mail: RHMjournal@compuserve.com. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10640 Bianco, Mabel.
Fertility, health, and poverty in Latin America: the Argentinean
case. [Fecundidad, salud y pobreza en América Latina: el
caso argentino.] ISBN 987-99072-1-3. 1996. 130 pp. Fundación
para Estudio e Investigación de la Mujer [FEIM]: Buenos Aires,
Argentina; United Nations Population Fund [UNFPA]: New York, New York.
In Spa.
This is one in a series of studies examining the impact of
structural adjustment programs on various Latin American countries.
Particular attention is given to how the decline in the resources
available for social and health services is affecting the sexual and
reproductive health of women. This study concerns the situation in
Argentina. Attention is given to general mortality, maternal mortality,
services at delivery, abortion, adolescent childbearing, cesarean
births, sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS, and infant
health.
Correspondence: Fundación para Estudio e
Investigación de la Mujer, Paraná 135, 3o 13, 1017 Buenos
Aires, Argentina. E-mail: feim@feim.wamani.apc.org. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10641 Bos, Eduard; Hon, Vivian; Maeda,
Akiko; Chellaraj, Gnanaraj; Preker, Alexander. Health,
nutrition, and population indicators: a statistical handbook.
Health, Nutrition, and Population Series, ISBN 0-8213-4184-7. LC
98-30586. 1999. viii, 75 pp. World Bank: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This statistical handbook is an up-to-date compilation of
indicators of levels and trends in health status, health determinants,
health systems, and health finance. The first sections highlight trends
in health indicators and then analyze and explain the trends. The last
section contains statistical tables, with data presented by country,
region, and income group. A summary of data sources and a list of
definitions follow the tables." Data of demographic interest are
included by country on child mortality, life expectancy at birth, adult
mortality, total fertility rate, demographic aging, and deaths by age
and sex.
Correspondence: World Bank, 1818 H Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20433. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:10642 Desgrées du Loû,
Annabel. Reproductive health and AIDS in Sub-Saharan
Africa: problems and prospects. [Santé de la reproduction
et SIDA en Afrique subsaharienne: enjeux et défis.] Population,
Vol. 53, No. 4, Jul-Aug 1998. 701-30 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with
sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The AIDS epidemic and the associated
prevention campaigns have profoundly modified the relationships between
sexuality, contraception and procreation in the developing countries.
Based on a survey of the literature on the subject, this article gives
a synthesis of the state of knowledge and research about the impact of
the epidemic on reproductive health in the countries of Sub-Saharan
Africa, and the lessons to be drawn for the elaboration of health
programmes.... The epidemic has the potential to modify sexual and
matrimonial behaviour, but can also, by its indirect effect on the
structure of the population and its direct effect on the reproductive
physiology, influence individual and group
fertility."
Correspondence: A. Desgrées du
Loû, Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le
Développement en Coopération, 04 B.P. 293, Abidjan 04,
Côte d'Ivoire. E-mail: annabel@abidjan.orstom.ci. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10643 Drennan, Megan.
Reproductive health: new perspectives on men's participation.
Population Reports, Series J: Family Planning Programs, No. 46, Oct
1998. 35 pp. Johns Hopkins University, Center for Communication
Programs, Population Information Program [PIP]: Baltimore, Maryland. In
Eng.
"Reproductive health programs are seeking better ways to
understand men, to communicate with them, to engage them, and to help
them take better care of themselves and their partners."
Information is included on the need for men to help stop the spread of
HIV/AIDS and other STDs, prevent unintended pregnancies, and practice
responsible fatherhood; male knowledge and use of contraception; gender
and reproductive behavior; couple communication; and providing men with
information, education, and communication about reproductive
health.
Correspondence: Johns Hopkins University, Center
for Communication Programs, Population Information Program, 111 Market
Place, Suite 310, Baltimore, MD 21202-4012. E-mail:
PopRepts@welchlink.welch.jhu.edu. Location: Johns Hopkins
University, Population Information Program, Baltimore, MD.
65:10644 Garg, Ashish; Morduch,
Jonathan. Sibling rivalry and the gender gap: evidence
from child health outcomes in Ghana. Journal of Population
Economics, Vol. 11, No. 4, 1998. 471-93 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"When capital and labor markets are imperfect, choice sets
narrow, and parents must choose how to ration available funds and time
between their children. One consequence is that children become rivals
for household resources. In economies with pro-male bias, such
rivalries can yield gains to having relatively more sisters than
brothers. Using a rich household survey from Ghana [the 1988-1989 Ghana
Living Standards Survey], we find that on average if children had all
sisters (and no brothers) they would do roughly 25-40% better on
measured health indicators than if they had all brothers (and no
sisters)."
Correspondence: J. Morduch, Princeton
University, Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs,
Princeton, NJ 08544-2091. E-mail: jmorduch@princeton.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10645 Graham, David T.; Poku,
Nana. Population movements, health, and security. In:
Redefining security: population movements and national security, edited
by Nana Poku and David T. Graham. 1998. 203-34 pp. Praeger: Westport,
Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"The movement of people
has long been recognized as a major component in the transmission of
disease as well as other adverse health effects.... This chapter looks
at the issues relating to population movements and health, then relates
them to issues of personal, national, regional, and global
security." The authors review the history of epidemics in modern
times, and discuss the current status of the most common infectious
diseases, including AIDS. They also look at policy responses to these
global threats.
Correspondence: D. T. Graham, Nottingham
Trent University, Burton Street, Nottingham NG1 4BU, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10646 Graham, Wendy J.
Outcomes and effectiveness in reproductive health. Social
Science and Medicine, Vol. 47, No. 12, Dec 1998. 1,925-36 pp. Exeter,
England. In Eng.
Some issues concerning the measurement of
reproductive health are examined. "This paper discusses two major
measurement questions--one related to ascertainment and the other to
attribution. The first question is to what extent the observed levels
and patterns of reproductive health outcomes in women are valid as
opposed to artifacts of the data sources and the data collection
methods? The second question is can lack of evidence of effectiveness
for any reproductive health intervention ever confidently be separated
into no effects vs. an inability to measure effects? Determining the
effectiveness of health interventions is notoriously difficult.
Reproductive health may not be a case for special pleading in the
competition for scarce resources, but equally it should not be a case
for special standards of proof of the effectiveness of
interventions--standards which have not indeed been met by many other,
and yet unquestioned, health care
priorities."
Correspondence: W. J. Graham, Aberdeen
University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dugald Baird
Centre for Research on Women's Health, Cornhill Road, Aberdeen AB25
2ZD, Scotland. E-mail: w.graham@aberdeen.ac.uk. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
65:10647 Higgins, Paul A.; Alderman,
Harold. Labor and women's nutrition: the impact of work
effort and fertility on nutritional status in Ghana. Journal of
Human Resources, Vol. 32, No. 3, Summer 1997. 577-95 pp. Madison,
Wisconsin. In Eng.
"An instrumental variables technique was
employed to obtain consistent estimates of the structural parameters of
the nutrition production function for adult women in Ghana. Energy
expenditure, as embodied in individual time allocations over the
previous seven days, was found to be an important determinant of female
nutritional status, with time devoted to agricultural tasks, in
particular, having a strong negative effect. Perhaps most importantly,
evidence was found of a substantial downward bias of the calorie
elasticity estimate when the energy expenditure proxies were
excluded." The analysis supplies little support for the existence
of a "maternal depletion syndrome" or other negative effects
of fertility on nutritional status. Data are from the 1987-1988 Ghana
Living Standards Survey.
Correspondence: P. A. Higgins,
3335 Legation Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20015. Location:
Princeton University Library (IR).
65:10648 Horrell, Sara; Humphries, Jane; Voth,
Hans-Joachim. Stature and relative deprivation: fatherless
children in early industrial Britain. Continuity and Change, Vol.
13, No. 1, May 1998. 73-115 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng. with sum.
in Fre; Ger.
"In recent literature links between nutrition,
health status and stature have been used to supplement conventional
economic indices of well-being, but the accuracy of stature as an
indicator of welfare remains in dispute. Here we use qualitative and
quantitative evidence on work, income, nutrition, living conditions and
heights for a relatively deprived subsample of the population in early
industrial Britain: children in female-headed households. We find the
impoverished condition of fatherless children can be identified and
smaller stature is also evident."
Correspondence: S.
Horrell, University of Cambridge, Faculty of Economics, Austin Robinson
Building, Sidgwick Avenue, Cambridge CB3 9DD, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10649 Hunt, Kate; Annandale,
Ellen. Gender and health. Social Science and
Medicine, Vol. 48, No. 1, Jan 1999. 138 pp. Pergamon Press: Tarrytown,
New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
This special issue contains 10
papers on aspects of gender and health, based on recent data from the
United Kingdom, the United States, and Finland. The focus is on the
extent of gender differences in health status.
Correspondence:
Pergamon, Elsevier Science, Bampfylde Street, Exeter EX1 2AH,
England. E-mail: nlinfo-f@elsevier.nl. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
65:10650 International Planned Parenthood
Federation [IPPF] (London, England). Vision 2000. Sexual
and reproductive health: a new approach with communities. ISBN
0-86089-116-X. 1997. 160 pp. London, England. In Eng.
This report
"offers the following: an introductory resource for people who
want to develop and implement sexual and reproductive health programmes
in communities; an approach for forming partnerships with communities
to improve sexual and reproductive health; an outline training
methodology for training health care providers to become facilitators;
a simple framework for health care providers to adopt and adapt when
facilitating the work of community groups; an approach for facilitating
community groups to develop, implement and evaluate realistic
strategies to address their communities' concerns; [and] a collection
of resource activities to stimulate group discussions about how sexual
and reproductive health problems affect community
life."
Correspondence: International Planned
Parenthood Federation, Regent's College, Inner Circle, Regent's Park,
London NW1 4NS, England. Location: Population Council Library,
New York, NY.
65:10651 International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP] (Liège, Belgium);
University of Natal (Durban, South Africa). Conference on
the socio-demographic impact of AIDS in Africa. [1997].
Liège, Belgium. In Eng.
This volume includes the papers
presented at a conference organized by the IUSSP Committee on AIDS and
the University of Natal on the socio-demographic impact of AIDS in
Africa, held in Durban, South Africa, February 3-6, 1997. The 23 papers
are organized into six sections: Fertility; Household and family
structure; Mortality; Measurement issues; Orphanhood; and The
implications of the demographic impact of HIV/AIDS in Africa: from
theory to policy and practice.
Correspondence:
International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue
des Augustins, 4000 Liège, Belgium. E-mail:
fdevpop1@vm1.ulg.ac.be. Location: Population Council Library,
New York, NY.
65:10652 International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP] (Liège, Belgium);
University of the Witwatersrand, Department of Community Health
(Johannesburg, South Africa). Seminar on Cultural
Perspectives on Reproductive Health: papers. 1997. [420] pp.
Liège, Belgium. In Eng.
This volume contains the papers
presented at a seminar held in Rustenburg, South Africa, June 16-19,
1997. The 22 papers, 20 of which are in English and 2 in French, are
organized into four sections: Culture and the formulation of
reproductive illness: biomedical models and local realities; Giving
birth, planning families; New problems, technologies and therapies; and
The political context of reproductive
strategies.
Correspondence: International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000
Liège, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
65:10653 Kalipeni, Ezekiel; Thiuri,
Philip. Issues and perspectives on health care in
contemporary Sub-Saharan Africa. Studies in African Health and
Medicine, Vol. 8, ISBN 0-7734-8433-7. LC 97-42276. 1997. xi, 419 pp.
Edwin Mellen Press: Lewiston, New York. In Eng.
"The works
contained in this volume recognize the superficial nature of health
care improvement [in Sub-Saharan Africa]. Using an interdisciplinary
perspective the contributions examine varied aspects of Africa's poor
status as far as health care facilities and accessibility are
concerned. The works are grouped into four main subtopics and themes,
namely, an examination of selected basic health care problems such [as]
AIDS and infant mortality, the precarious position of women in relation
to culture and access to health care facilities, policy issues in the
provision of health care facilities, and an examination of spatial
inequalities in the distribution, accessibility and utilization of
health care facilities."
Selected items will be cited in this
or subsequent issues of Population Index.
Correspondence:
Edwin Mellen Press, P.O. Box 450, Lewiston, NY 14092-0450.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10654 Klevens, R. Monina; Fleming, Patricia
L.; Neal, Joyce J.; Li, Jianmin. Is there really a
heterosexual AIDS epidemic in the United States? Findings from a
multisite validation study, 1992-1995. American Journal of
Epidemiology, Vol. 149, No. 1, Jan 1, 1999. 75-84 pp. Baltimore,
Maryland. In Eng.
"The objective of this study was to verify
the mode of exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among
cases who obtained acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) through
heterosexual contact and to determine the proportion of cases initially
reported with no risk but whose exposure may have been
heterosexual." The data concern adults aged 13 or over who were
diagnosed with AIDS between 1992 and 1995 at six study sites in the
United States. "From the review of medical records, we found that
82 percent of the cases initially reported as acquired heterosexually
were valid and that AIDS in one fifth of the men and more than half of
the women initially reported as having no risk was probably acquired
heterosexually. These findings support the reports of an emerging
heterosexual AIDS epidemic in the United
States."
Correspondence: Marie Morgan, U.S. Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, MS E-49,
Atlanta, GA 30333. Location: Princeton University Library
(SZ).
65:10655 Kost, Kathryn; Landry, David J.;
Darroch, Jacqueline E. The effects of pregnancy planning
status on birth outcomes and infant care. Family Planning
Perspectives, Vol. 30, No. 5, Sep-Oct 1998. 223-30 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
"Data were obtained on 9,122 births reported in
the 1988 [U.S.] National Maternal and Infant Health Survey and 2,548
births reported in the 1988 National Survey of Family Growth. Multiple
logistic regression analyses were employed to examine the effects of
planning status on the odds of a negative birth outcome (premature
delivery, low-birth-weight infant or infant who is small for
gestational age), early well-baby care and breastfeeding.... The
proportion of infants born with a health disadvantage is significantly
lower if the pregnancy was intended than if it was mistimed or not
wanted; the proportions who receive well-baby care by age three months
and who are ever breastfed are highest if the pregnancy was
intended."
Correspondence: K. Kost, Alan Guttmacher
Institute, 120 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10656 Martin, Linda G.; Soldo, Beth
J. Racial and ethnic differences in the health of older
Americans. ISBN 0-309-05489-3. LC 97-33731. 1997. x, 300 pp.
National Academy Press: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This report
contains revised versions of papers presented at a workshop held in
Washington, D.C., in December 1994, organized by the National Research
Council's Committee on Population, on racial and ethnic differences in
health at older ages. "The nine papers in this volume range from
overviews of racial and ethnic differences in the measures of health
outcomes to in-depth looks at particular causal factors to
investigations of specific diseases or specific ethnic groups. The
result of our pragmatic approach has been a primary focus on
black-white differentials, given that the bulk of available data and
analysis have highlighted these. Nevertheless, several of the papers
provide insight into the health of the growing proportion of the
elderly who are Hispanic or Asian/Pacific Islanders."
Selected
items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population
Index.
Correspondence: National Academy Press, 2101
Constitution Avenue NW, Box 285, Washington, D.C. 20418. Location:
Princeton University Library (SZ).
65:10657 Ramasubban, Radhika.
HIV/AIDS in India. Gulf between rhetoric and reality. Economic
and Political Weekly, Vol. 33, No. 45, Nov 7-13, 1998. 2,865-72 pp.
Mumbai, India. In Eng.
An analysis of the AIDS epidemic in India is
presented. The author makes the case that, although the epidemic is
well advanced and threatening to get out of hand, resistant
socio-cultural norms, organizational inefficiencies, and the lack of
political will are the main factors that are hindering efforts to
develop policies and programs to deal with it. Other factors that
complicate the situation are constraints on the discussion of sex and
sexuality, patriarchal structures, and gender
relations.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
65:10658 Rao, K. V.; Mishra, Vinod K.;
Retherford, Robert D. Knowledge and use of oral
rehydration therapy for childhood diarrhoea in India: effects of
exposure to mass media. National Family Health Survey Subject
Report, No. 10, Nov 1998. 55 pp. International Institute for Population
Sciences [IIPS]: Mumbai, India; East-West Center, Program on Population
[POP]: Honolulu, Hawaii. In Eng.
"This Subject Report
evaluates the effects of mother's exposure to the mass media on
knowledge and use of oral rehydration therapy [for childhood diarrhea],
using data from India's 1992-93 National Family Health Survey. Results
indicate that, despite a vigorous Oral Rehydration Therapy Programme
for more than a decade, knowledge and use of oral rehydration therapy
remain quite limited...[and] that mother's exposure to electronic mass
media increases awareness and use of oral rehydration
therapy."
Correspondence: International Institute for
Population Sciences, Govandi Station Road, Deonar, Mumbai 400 088,
India. E-mail: iips.nfhs@axcess.net.in. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
65:10659 Rockett, Ian R. H.
Injury and violence: a public health perspective. Population
Bulletin, Vol. 53, No. 4, Dec 1998. 40 pp. Population Reference Bureau:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author "examines the overlapping
phenomena of injury and violence from a public health perspective....
The bulletin focuses on the United States...." Sections are
included on injury prevention, public health approaches, injury
mortality and morbidity data, risk factors and interventions, medical
care, and future directions. The section on injury mortality data
provides information on sources of U.S. mortality
data.
Correspondence: Population Reference Bureau, 1875
Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 520, Washington, D.C. 20009-5728.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10660 Sacco, Ralph L.; Elkind, Mitchell;
Boden-Albala, Bernadette; Lin, I-Feng; Kargman, Douglas E.; Hauser, W.
Allen; Shea, Steven; Paik, Myunghee C. The protective
effect of moderate alcohol consumption on ischemic stroke. JAMA:
Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 281, No. 1, Jan 6,
1999. 53-60 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
The relationship between
moderate alcohol consumption and ischemic stroke is examined using data
from the Northern Manhattan Stroke Study (NOMASS) collected between
1993 and 1997 concerning 677 ischemic stroke patients in New York City.
The results indicate that "moderate alcohol consumption was
independently associated with a decreased risk of ischemic stroke in
our elderly, multiethnic, urban subjects, while heavy alcohol
consumption had deleterious effects. Our data support the National
Stroke Association Stroke Prevention Guidelines regarding the
beneficial effects of moderate alcohol
consumption."
Correspondence: R. L. Sacco,
Neurological Institute, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032.
E-mail: rls1@columbia.edu. Location: Princeton University
Library (SZ).
65:10661 Scott, Susan; Duncan, Christopher
J. Human demography and disease. ISBN 0-521-62052-X.
LC 97-41912. 1998. xvi, 354 pp. Cambridge University Press: New York,
New York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
This book "offers an
interdisciplinary and integrated perspective on the relationship
between historical populations and the dynamics of epidemiological
processes [in England]. It brings the techniques of time-series
analysis and computer matrix modelling to historical demography and
geography to extract detailed information concerning the oscillations
in births, deaths, migrations and epidemics from parish register and
other data series and to build mathematical models of the population
cycles. [It] presents a new way of studying pre-industrial communities
and explores the subtle, and hitherto undetected effects of fluctuating
nutritional levels on mortality patterns and the dynamics of infectious
diseases."
Correspondence: Cambridge University Press,
Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP, England.
Location: Population Council Library, New York, NY.
65:10662 Shah, Iqbal H. Sexual
and reproductive health in Sub-Saharan Africa: an overview.
African Journal of Reproductive Health/Revue Africaine de la
Santé Reproductive, Vol. 2, No. 2, Oct 1998. 98-107 pp. Benin
City, Nigeria. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"By reviewing
available data, this paper presents the reproductive health context in
Sub-Saharan Africa and highlights levels and trends in critical
dimensions of sexual and reproductive health, including (a) fertility,
contraceptive use and unmet need; (b) maternal mortality; (c) HIV/AIDS;
and (d) the sexual and reproductive health of
adolescents."
Correspondence: I. H. Shah, World Health
Organization, Special Programme of Research, Development and Research
Training in Human Reproduction, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27,
Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10663 Shah, Iqbal H. The 29th
Congress of the South African Society of Obstetricians and
Gynaecologists (SASOG), 8-12 March 1998, Stellenbosch (South
Africa). African Journal of Reproductive Health/Revue Africaine de
la Santé Reproductive, Vol. 2, No. 2, Oct 1998. 96-215 pp.
Women's Health and Action Research Centre: Benin City, Nigeria. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre.
Five of the papers presented at the 29th SASOG
conference held in South Africa in March 1998 are presented in this
special section. The focus of the papers is on ways to improve
reproductive health in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Selected items will be
cited in this or subsequent issues of Population
Index.
Correspondence: Women's Health and Action Research
Center, 4 Alofoje Street, off Uwasota Street, Benin City, Edo State,
Nigeria. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
65:10664 Skoufias, Emmanuel.
Determinants of child health during the economic transition in
Romania. World Development, Vol. 26, No. 11, Nov 1998. 2,045-56
pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"In this study, I use
cross-sectional household data from the 1994 Integrated Household
Survey of Romania, to analyze the correlation of socioeconomic,
demographic or environmental factors with growth attainment of
pre-school (0-5 year old) boys and girls.... [The analysis] reveals
that there are substantial differences across gender and rural and
urban areas in the patterns of correlation of socioeconomic,
demographic or environmental factors with growth attainment of
pre-school children."
Correspondence: E. Skoufias,
International Food Policy Research Institute, 2033 K Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20006-1002. E-mail: IFPRI-info@cgiar.org.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
65:10665 United Nations. Department of
Economic and Social Affairs. Population Division (New York, New
York). World population monitoring 1996: selected aspects
of reproductive rights and reproductive health. No.
ST/ESA/SER.A/156, Pub. Order No. E.97.XIII.5. ISBN 92-1-151319-7. LC
97-30867. 1998. xii, 282 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
This
report examines global progress toward implementation of the Programme
of Action drawn up at the 1994 Cairo International Conference on
Population and Development in the area of reproductive rights and
reproductive health. "In addition to an overview and introduction,
this report consists of eight chapters covering the following topics:
entry into reproductive life; reproductive behaviour; contraception;
abortion; maternal mortality and morbidity; sexually transmitted
diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus/acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS); reproductive rights; and
population information, education and communication with respect to
reproductive rights and reproductive health.... This report contains an
extensive set of annex tables providing indicators of the current
demographic situation in major areas and regions, as well as data on
population size and growth, population distribution, and fertility and
mortality levels in countries, major areas and regions. These annex
tables also provide data specific to reproductive rights and
reproductive health."
Correspondence: UN Department of
Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, United Nations, New
York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies on consanguinity and isolates, inbreeding, and twinning.
No citations in this issue.
