Studies concerned with the relations between population factors as a whole and economic aspects. Relations affecting a single demographic variable and economic factors are coded under the variable concerned and cross-referenced to this division, if appropriate.
Studies concerned equally with economic and social development. Most studies on the microeconomics of the family will be found in G.2. Family and Household and cross-referenced to this division, if appropriate.
Studies on economic and social development with a worldwide emphasis, together with those with no geographical emphasis.
64:30655 Schultz, T. Paul. Human
capital, schooling and health. In: International Population
Conference/Congrès International de la Population: Beijing,
1997, Volume 3. 1997. 1,499-515 pp. International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liège, Belgium. In Eng.
"A consensus has been forged in the last decade that recent
periods of sustained growth in total factor productivity and reduced
poverty are closely associated with improvements in a population's
child nutrition, adult health, and schooling, particularly in
low-income countries. Estimates of the productive returns from these
three forms of human capital investment are nonetheless qualified by a
number of limitations in our data and analytical methods. This paper
reviews the problems that occupy researchers in this field and
summarises accumulating evidence of empirical
regularities."
Correspondence: T. P. Schultz, Yale
University, Box 1987, Yale Station, 277 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT
06520. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30656 Williamson, Jeffrey G.
Growth, distribution and demography: some lessons from
history. NBER Working Paper, No. 6244, Oct 1997. 16, [27] pp.
National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
In Eng.
The author points out that the literature on empirical
growth equations shows that it is unreasonable to expect unconditional
convergence among all countries and at all times. He asks "first,
why has it taken economists so long to learn the same lesson from the
Kuznets Curve debate? No economist should expect an `unconditional'
Kuznets Curve to emerge from the growth experience of all countries and
at all times.... This paper assesses the role of globalization and
demography via mass migrations. Second, why has it taken economists so
long to learn that demography influences growth? When treated properly,
demography can be shown to have a significant impact on GDP per capita
growth. The answers to these two questions are sought by looking at
inequality and growth experience in the Old World, the New World, and
Asia over the last century and a half."
Correspondence:
National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's E-mail: jwilliam@kuznets.fas.harvard.edu.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
General studies on the relations between population factors and economic development in developing countries. Includes studies on dependency as they relate to developing countries.
64:30657 Bloom, David E.; Williamson, Jeffrey
G. Demographic transitions and economic miracles in
emerging Asia. NBER Working Paper, No. 6268, Nov 1997. 24, [21]
pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge,
Massachusetts. In Eng.
"The demographic transition--a change
from high to low rates of mortality and fertility--has been more
dramatic in East Asia during this century than in any other region or
historical period. By introducing demographic variables into an
empirical model of economic growth, this essay shows that this
transition has contributed substantially to East Asia's so-called
economic miracle. The `miracle' occurred in part because East Asia's
demographic transition resulted in its working-age population growing
at a much faster pace than its dependent population during the period
1965-1990, thereby expanding the per capita productive capacity of East
Asian economies."
Correspondence: National Bureau of
Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Author's E-mail: dbloom@hiid.harvard.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
64:30658 Bryant, John. Communism,
poverty, and demographic change in North Vietnam. Population and
Development Review, Vol. 24, No. 2, Jun 1998. 235-69, 421, 424 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"For about 30
years North Vietnam has had mortality and fertility rates near the
world median, and a per capita income among the world's lowest....
North Vietnam acquired this unusual profile...in the years following
its adoption of a communist development strategy. This article
describes how the political and economic institutions that emerged
during North Vietnam's communist period helped shape the economic and
demographic outcomes. Market reforms during the 1980s and 1990s have
been accompanied by continued mortality and fertility decline.... The
article examines why mortality and fertility have continued to fall,
despite continued low incomes and the introduction of a new set of
institutions."
Correspondence: J. Bryant, Khon Kaen
University, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, 123 Friendship
Highway, Amphoe Muang, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30659 Buccianti, Cinzia.
Prospects and problems facing Sub-Saharan Africa: some preliminary
observations. [Prospettive e problemi dell'Africa subsahariana:
osservazioni preliminari.] Affari Sociali Internazionali, Vol. 23, No.
2, 1995. 123-42 pp. Milan, Italy. In Ita.
Using published data from
UN and World Bank sources, the author analyzes current demographic
trends in the countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. Data are presented on
population size and density in 1992; and infant mortality, life
expectancy, and fertility 1965-1995. The primary focus is on the
prospects for effective socioeconomic development among Africa's
poorest countries.
Location: New York Public Library, New
York, NY.
64:30660 Coussy, Jean. Population
and development. [Population et développement.] In:
Démographie: analyse et synthèse. Causes et
conséquences des évolutions démographiques, Volume
1. Sep 1997. 267-79 pp. Università degli Studi di Roma La
Sapienza, Dipartimento di Scienze Demografiche: Rome, Italy; Institut
National d'Etudes Démographiques [INED]: Paris, France;
Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de
Démographie, Département des Sciences de la Population et
du Développement: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. In Fre.
The
origins of the debate on the relationship between population factors
and socioeconomic development are reviewed, with particular reference
to the situation in the least-developed countries. The author concludes
that the inequalities that exist in the emerging global economic system
have resulted in a new relationship between demographic and economic
factors, and that it is no longer possible to analyze the relationship
between population and development at the national level alone. The
possibility of undertaking microeconomic studies on the
demographic-economic relationship at the local level is
discussed.
Correspondence: J. Coussy, Ecole des Hautes
Etudes en Sciences Sociales, 54 boulevard Raspail, 75006 Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30661 Gupta, Kamla; Pandey,
Arvind. Population and development in Uttar Pradesh.
ISBN 81-7018-904-7. LC 97-901607. 1997. xvi, 495 pp. B. R. Publishing:
Delhi, India. Distributed by D. K. Publishers Distributors (P), 1
Ansari Road, Darya Ganj, New Delhi 110 002, India. In Eng.
This is
a collection of 36 papers presented at a national seminar on the
population and development of the state of Uttar Pradesh, India. The
seminar was organized jointly by the International Institute for
Population Sciences in Mumbai and several other organizations in
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, in December 1994. The papers are grouped under
the following headings: Population and development, Nuptiality and
fertility dynamics, Population policies and programmes, Mortality and
health situation, and Population growth--environment and
migration.
Correspondence: B. R. Publishing, A-6 Nimri
Commercial Centre, Near Bharat Nagar, Ashok Vihar, Delhi 110 052,
India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30662 House, William J.
Population growth and sustainable development: the case of the
Solomon Islands. UNFPA Country Support Team Discussion Paper, No.
12, Jun 30, 1995. v, 37 pp. UNFPA Country Support Team [CST], Office
for the South Pacific: Suva, Fiji. In Eng.
The author
"examines the nature and patterns of recent demographic change in
the Solomon Islands and, using the version of the RAPID computer model
developed by the author for the country, explores the implications for
the ability of the country to achieve sustainable social and economic
development. [He] concludes by documenting the comprehensive set of
recommendations made at a recent national Seminar which have been
endorsed by the Cabinet and which are expected to form the basic
framework of a revised National Population and Development
Policy."
Correspondence: UNFPA/CST, P.O. Box 441,
Suva, Fiji. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30663 Lefranc, Christophe; Mazouz,
Mohammed; Aouragh, Lhaocine; Sari, Djilali; Chebab, Thamany; Boumghar,
Ammar. Algerian society between population and
development. [La société algérienne entre
population et développement.] Les Documents et Manuels du CEPED,
No. 8, ISBN 2-87762-112-X. Jul 1998. vii, 103 pp. Centre
Français sur la Population et le Développement [CEPED]:
Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
These are the proceedings
of a one-day meeting held May 23, 1996, in Paris on the relationship
between population and development in Algeria. This monograph consists
of five studies: Population, society, and development in Algeria:
historical factors and current problems; Development planning and the
test posed by demography: the alarming employment situation; The
development of education: yesterday's success and today's problems;
Population policy and contraceptive practice: the 1980s as a turning
point; and The provision of family planning services: difficulties
persist despite quantitative growth.
Correspondence: Centre
Français sur la Population et le Développement, 15 rue de
l'Ecole de Médecine, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. E-mail:
cep@ceped.ined.fr. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
64:30664 Mohan, Rakesh.
Industrial location policies and their implications for India.
In: Urbanization in large developing countries: China, Indonesia,
Brazil, and India, edited by Gavin W. Jones and Pravin Visaria. 1997.
289-314 pp. Clarendon Press: Oxford, England; International Union for
the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liège, Belgium. In
Eng.
The author reviews the rationale of industrial location
policies and their implications in India. The article "reviews the
results of all these industrial location policies by examining the
distribution of industries across the fifteen major states of India
with a population of 10 million or more. The effort is to compute
indices of concentration and evaluate their trend over time since the
early 1970s when locational policies first came into
operation."
Correspondence: R. Mohan, Government of
India, Planning Commission, Delhi, India. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:30665 Ortega Osona, José A.; Reher,
David S. Standard of living, reproduction, and health in
South America during the twentieth century: a time-series
analysis. [Nivel de vida, reproducción y salud en
América del Sur durante el siglo XX: un análisis de
series temporales.] European Review of Latin American and Caribbean
Studies, No. 60, Jun 1996. 31-70 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Spa.
with sum. in Eng.
"Based on published vital statistics and
economic data from twentieth century Argentina and Chile, the authors
undertake a systematic evaluation of the interactions holding between
yearly and monthly economic and demographic fluctuations over much of
the present century. Adjustments to data are proposed, as are new
approaches to the statistical modelling of these interactions. Based on
the use of distributed lag models, this study suggests that while
economic variations continue to have implications for demographic
behaviour, that relationship has varied substantially in the past
decades."
Correspondence: J. A. Ortega Osona,
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias
Económicas, 28049 Madrid, Spain. Location: Princeton
University Library (FST).
64:30666 Payne, James E.; Ewing, Bradley
T. Population and economic growth: a cointegration
analysis of lesser developed countries. Applied Economics Letters,
Vol. 4, No. 11, Nov 1997. 665-9 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"This paper examines the temporal relationship between
population growth and economic growth for a sample of less developed
countries.... Of the thirteen countries examined cointegration was
present in only three countries. Although ten countries did not exhibit
properties of cointegration, it is noted that researchers undertaking
time series studies of the relationship between population growth and
economic growth utilizing differenced data should evaluate the possible
long-run relationship."
Correspondence: J. E. Payne,
Eastern Kentucky University, Department of Economics and Finance,
Richmond, KY 40475-3176. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
Studies on the relations between population and economic factors as they affect the developed world. Also includes studies on the economic effects of a stationary or declining population, the effects of aging on the economy, retirement, and problems of economic dependency in developed countries.
64:30667 Carter, Susan B.; Sutch,
Richard. Historical background to current immigration
issues. In: The immigration debate: studies on the economic,
demographic, and fiscal effects of immigration, edited by James P.
Smith and Barry Edmonston. 1998. 289-366 pp. National Academy Press:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The assigned task for this chapter
was to review, synthesize, and assess the scholarly literature on the
economic and demographic impacts of the last great mass migration to
the United States in the early part of this century. Our objective was
to do this in a way that would lend further understanding of the
consequences of current migration flows.... Although different, the
American economy is probably no less complex and interdependent than it
was at the turn of the century. This fact suggests that scholars might
profitably take a longer view and shift at least some of their
attention away from redistributive issues and toward the impact of
immigration on productivity, growth, and economic
development."
Correspondence: S. B. Carter, University
of California, Department of Economics, Riverside, CA 92521.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30668 Clune, Michael S. The
fiscal impacts of immigrants: a California case study. In: The
immigration debate: studies on the economic, demographic, and fiscal
effects of immigration, edited by James P. Smith and Barry Edmonston.
1998. 120-82 pp. National Academy Press: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"In this chapter I examine the fiscal impacts of native and
foreign-born households in California on federal, state, and local
governments.... The [second] section describes the data and methodology
used for this study. In the third section I review the structure of the
federal, state, and local revenues and expenditures for fiscal year
1995. In the fourth section I provide an overview of the
characteristics of California's native and immigrant households,
providing the foundation for the tax and benefit estimates discussed in
the fifth section.... The primary data source is the California sample
of the Current Population Survey (CPS), March 1995, Annual Demographic
File."
Correspondence: M. S. Clune, University of
California, Department of Demography, 2232 Piedmont Avenue, Berkeley,
CA 94720. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30669 Dellis, Arnaud; Pestieau,
Pierre. Economic growth and population growth.
[Croissance économique et croissance démographique.] In:
Démographie: analyse et synthèse. Causes et
conséquences des évolutions démographiques, Volume
1. Sep 1997. 245-66 pp. Università degli Studi di Roma La
Sapienza, Dipartimento di Scienze Demografiche: Rome, Italy; Institut
National d'Etudes Démographiques [INED]: Paris, France;
Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de
Démographie, Département des Sciences de la Population et
du Développement: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. In Fre.
The
objective of this study is to review the various hypotheses that have
been put forward concerning the influence of demographic factors on
productivity and technical progress from an economist's perspective.
The authors conclude that neither the theoretical nor the empirical
research that has been done on this relationship permits definitive
conclusions concerning the impact of population growth on technical
progress. However, demographic trends can be shown to have a clear
effect on productivity, in that an aging population should experience
increases in productivity. They also conclude that the age and
generation effects of an aging population on both productivity and
technological change are probably insignificant. The primary focus is
on developed countries.
Correspondence: A. Dellis,
Université de Liège, CREPP, Place du 20-Août 7,
4000 Liège, Belgium. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
64:30670 Denton, Frank T.; Spencer, Byron
G. Population aging and the maintenance of social support
systems. QSEP Research Report, No. 320, Sep 1996. 23 pp. McMaster
University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Program for Quantitative
Studies in Economics and Population: Hamilton, Canada. In Eng.
"In this paper we discuss a number of issues related broadly
to population aging in Canada and the associated social `costs',
including the costs of public services. We conclude that while
population-related cost increases should be expected, and reallocations
of resources required, the overall increases should be of manageable
proportions."
Correspondence: McMaster University,
Faculty of Social Sciences, Program for Quantitative Studies in
Economics and Population, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M4, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30671 Garvey, Deborah L.; Espenshade,
Thomas J. Fiscal impacts of immigrant and native
households: a New Jersey case study. In: The immigration debate:
studies on the economic, demographic, and fiscal effects of
immigration, edited by James P. Smith and Barry Edmonston. 1998. 66-119
pp. National Academy Press: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"In this
chapter we examine the fiscal impacts of immigrants from a micro
perspective utilizing household-level information on New Jersey's
population from the 1990 [U.S.] census. A comprehensive view is taken
of state and local government revenues from and expenditures on
noninstitutional households, which means that we are able to evaluate
the net fiscal implications associated with immigrant families.
Finally, we compare the budgetary consequences of households headed by
native-born versus foreign-born individuals. Our results suggest that
the typical New Jersey household, whether native or foreign born, uses
more state and local government services than it pays for with
taxes."
Correspondence: D. L. Garvey, Princeton
University, Department of Economics, Princeton, NJ 08544-1021.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30672 MaCurdy, Thomas; Nechyba, Thomas;
Bhattacharya, Jay. An economic framework for assessing the
fiscal impacts of immigration. In: The immigration debate: studies
on the economic, demographic, and fiscal effects of immigration, edited
by James P. Smith and Barry Edmonston. 1998. 13-65 pp. National Academy
Press: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"In this chapter we propose a
basic economic framework for evaluating the fiscal impact of
immigrants, addressing the complicated issues of demographic
characteristics, skill levels, multiple levels of government, and the
dynamic effects of a changing [U.S.] population.... We explore the
factors that are relevant in evaluating the consequences of different
patterns of growth, distinguishing between population increases arising
from uniform shifts in all groups and disproportionate increases in
particular groups, such as the elderly or the unskilled.... We review
how the existing literature fits into our framework, permitting us to
surmise the costs and benefits improperly assessed or missed in these
various studies."
Correspondence: T. MaCurdy, Stanford
University, Hoover Institution, Department of Economics, Stanford, CA
94305. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30673 Philipson, Tomas J.; Becker, Gary
S. Old-age longevity and mortality-contingent claims.
Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 106, No. 3, Jun 1998. 551-73 pp.
Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes the savings
and longevity impacts of mortality-contingent claims, defined here as
income measures, such as annuities and life insurance, under which
earned income is contingent on the length of one's life.... We argue
that annuities involve moral hazard effects that increase longevity
and, among other things, introduce a positive interaction between
public programs for health care and income support for the
elderly--programs that have grown enormously in developed
countries."
Correspondence: T. J. Philipson,
University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
64:30674 Stewart, Susan D. Effect
of changing mortality on the working life of American men and women,
1970-1990. Social Biology, Vol. 44, No. 1-2, Spring-Summer 1997.
153-8 pp. Port Angeles, Washington. In Eng.
"This study
assesses the extent to which mortality among persons of working age
represents an economic loss to society.... Causes of death affecting
primarily older Americans (heart disease, cancer, stroke) had a
relatively small and declining impact on the working lives of men and
women. Major causes of death affecting the young (motor vehicle
accidents, homicide, AIDS), although accounting for fewer deaths, were
responsible for many more years of lost
productivity."
Correspondence: S. D. Stewart, Bowling
Green State University, Department of Sociology, Bowling Green, OH
43403-0231. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies on the environment, quality of life, conservation, food production, etc., and their interrelations with population factors.
64:30675 Amalric, F.; Banuri, T.
People, the environment and responsibility: case studies from rural
Pakistan. ISBN 1-85070-652-2. LC 95-18100. 1995. viii, 107 pp.
Parthenon Publishing Group: Pearl River, New York/Carnforth, England.
In Eng.
Several case studies from rural Pakistan illustrating the
relationships among population dynamics, environmental changes, and
economic development are presented. The authors note that, although
rapid rates of population growth and environmental degradation are
often seen by outsiders as major national problems, they are not seen
as such from a local perspective. The data were collected in 1991 and
1992 in open-ended discussions with villagers. It is suggested that
major causes of the lack of concern at the local level with these
problems are a lack of empowerment and of a sense of responsibility for
events, combined with the inability of the central government to
provide for local needs through institutional constraints and its
inability to foster people's participation in collective
projects.
Correspondence: Parthenon Publishing, Casterton
Hall, Carnforth LA6 2LA, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:30676 Ashley, Caroline; Müller,
Hansjörg; Harris, Martin. Population dynamics, the
environment, and demand for water and energy in Namibia.
Directorate of Environmental Affairs Research Discussion Paper, No. 7,
LC 95-982121. Sep 1995. ii, 28 pp. Ministry of Environment and Tourism,
Directorate of Environmental Affairs: Windhoek, Namibia. In Eng.
"This paper builds on a 1994 paper [that]...reviewed the
evidence that population growth and other pressures are degrading
Namibia's resources of productive land and water, and outlined some
strategies for supporting a growing population. The present paper
summarises findings of the previous paper, and goes further in two
ways: firstly, in addition to land and water, energy resources have
been included...; secondly, this paper focuses less on assessing the
current situation and more on policy recommendations to be included in
Namibia's emerging population policy."
Correspondence:
Ministry of Environment and Tourism, Directorate of Environmental
Affairs, Private Bag 13306, Windhoek, Namibia. Location: U.S.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
64:30677 Auclair, Laurent.
Population and the environment: a methodological test in the Haut
Tell of Tunisia. [Population et environment: un essai
méthodologique dans le Haut Tell tunisien.] Espace, Populations,
Sociétés, No. 1, 1998. 33-44 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"This contribution begins by
describing the background of global interactions between population and
the environment in Tunisia. Then, after a short presentation of the
case study in the Haut Tell, the article presents an original typology
of rural households...discussing how forests and pastures are used.
This approach shows how the use of space is determined by specific
production systems and family strategies...by the various types of
households. Schematically, we can consider three major types of
household resource-use strategies: (1) The traditional approach based
on having large families to use the uplands natural resources. (2)
Migration which in practice represents a disinvestment in agriculture.
(3) Intensification of land use by practising
irrigation."
Correspondence: L. Auclair, Institut
Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le Développement
en Coopération, B.P. 434, 1004 Tunis El Menzah, Tunisia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30678 Black, Richard; Sessay,
Mohamed. Forced migration, natural resource use and
environmental change: the case of the Senegal River Valley.
International Journal of Population Geography, Vol. 4, No. 1, Mar 1998.
31-47 pp. Chichester, England. In Eng.
"This paper addresses
concerns about the potential negative environmental consequences of
mass population displacement, through an examination of changes in
natural resource use in an area of northern Senegal affected by an
influx of Mauritanian refugees in 1989. Drawing on a survey of refugee
and local households, the paper examines the livelihood strategies and
patterns of natural resource use of the two populations, and considers
the notion that refugees are forced, through poverty or for other
reasons, to use natural resources in a more destructive manner. The
paper also considers the regulation of natural resource use, and the
socio-economic and political context within which this resource use
takes place."
Correspondence: R. Black, University of
Sussex, School of African and Asian Studies, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QN,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30679 Daily, Gretchen; Dasgupta, Partha;
Bolin, Bert; Crosson, Pierre; du Guerny, Jacques; Ehrlich, Paul; Folke,
Carl; Jansson, Ann M.; Jansson, Bengt-Owe; Kautsky, Nils; Kinzig, Ann;
Levin, Simon; Mäler, Karl-Göran; Pinstrup-Andersen, Per;
Siniscalco, Domenico; Walker, Brian. Food production,
population growth, and the environment. Science, Vol. 281, No.
5381, Aug 28, 1998. 1,291-2 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"There are two broad criteria by which one can judge
humanity's success in feeding itself: (i) the proportion of people
whose access to basic nutritional requirements is secure, and (ii) the
extent to which global food production is sustainable.... Writings on
the sustainability of the food supply have often encouraged readers to
adopt an all-or-nothing position (predicting a rosy or a catastrophic
future).... On the other hand, writings on the adequacy of the world's
food supply frequently conclude with the truism that the nearly 1
billion people in poor countries who go to bed hungry each night do so
because they are extremely poor. In short, the second `sustainability'
approach has focused on aggregate food production and its future,
whereas the first has isolated food-distribution failure as a cause of
world hunger. Here we argue that these two questions should not be
studied separately, that their link is revealed in the interactions
between ecological and economic systems operating primarily at the
geographically localized level, and that policy interventions must
target this link."
Correspondence: G. Daily, Stanford
University, Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford, CA 94305.
Location: Princeton University Library (SQ).
64:30680 Entwisle, Barbara; Walsh, Stephen J.;
Rindfuss, Ronald R.; Chamratrithirong, Aphichat.
Land-use/land-cover and population dynamics, Nang Rong,
Thailand. In: People and pixels: linking remote sensing and social
science, edited by Diana Liverman, Emilio F. Moran, Ronald R. Rindfuss,
and Paul C. Stern. 1998. 121-44 pp. National Academy Press: Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
"This chapter describes ongoing research in Nang
Rong, Thailand that joins social, biophysical, and spatial
perspectives, data, and tools to study population and environment
there. To date, this research has addressed two sets of questions: Did
land use/land cover in the 1970s and early 1980s affect the subsequent
out-migration of young adults...? [and] Did population change between
1984 and 1994--including rates of growth (or decline), household
formation, and net in- and out-migration--affect land use/land cover in
1994...? If so, what was the nature of these
effects?"
Correspondence: B. Entwisle, University of
North Carolina, Carolina Population Center, University Square, CB 8120,
124 East Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-3997. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30681 Falkenmark, Malin.
Meeting water requirements of an expanding world population.
In: Land resources: on the edge of the Malthusian precipice?, edited by
D. J. Greenland, P. J. Gregory, and P. H. Nye. 1997. 69-76 pp. CAB
International: Wallingford, England. In Eng.
"Water
availability in the root zone (`green water') is a critical component
of plant production, but is often deficient in many Third World
regions. When deficient, runoff water (`blue water') can be added.
Focusing on ten physiographic regions in Africa and Asia, characterized
by mainly or partly dry climates and rapid population growth, this
study analyses whether in a 30-years' perspective enough blue water
could be provided to allow food
self-sufficiency."
Correspondence: M. Falkenmark,
Natural Science Research Council, Box 7142, 10387 Stockholm, Sweden.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30682 Findlay, Allan M.; Maani,
Mohammed. Population policy issues in arid lands.
[Questions de géographie de population dans les pays arides.]
Espace, Populations, Sociétés, No. 1, 1998. 23-31 pp.
Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"Population policy makers in arid lands [work] in an
atmosphere of considerable uncertainty. It is not only difficult to
obtain reliable statistics on issues such as desertification and
population growth, but it is also problematic to know how best to model
the complex interactions which link the environmental and demographic
regimes of arid lands. A case study from the Badia region of Jordan is
used to illustrate the unprecedented rate of population growth which
policy makers have to contend with in their strategies for development
of an increasingly vulnerable environment. From the case study, as well
as from a review of the research literature on arid lands, three
different approaches to formulating policies on population-environment
matters are reviewed."
Correspondence: A. M. Findlay,
University of Dundee, Department of Geography, Dundee DD1 4HN,
Scotland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30683 Fischer, Günther; Heilig,
Gerhard K. Population momentum and the demand on land and
water resources. In: Land resources: on the edge of the Malthusian
precipice?, edited by D. J. Greenland, P. J. Gregory, and P. H. Nye.
1997. 9-29 pp. CAB International: Wallingford, England. In Eng.
"This paper investigates, by major world regions and
countries, what we know about population growth, what can be projected
with reasonable certainty, and what is pure speculation. The exposition
sets a frame for analysing demographic driving forces that are expected
to increase human demand and pressures on land and water resources.
These have been contrasted with current resource assessments of
regional availability and use of land, in particular with estimates of
remaining land with cultivation potential."
Correspondence:
G. Fischer, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis,
Schloßplatz 1, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria. E-mail:
fischer@iiasa.ac.at. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
64:30684 Greenland, D. J.; Gregory, P. J.;
Nye, P. H. Land resources: on the edge of the Malthusian
precipice? ISBN 0-85199-235-8. Dec 1997. vii, 180 pp. CAB
International: Wallingford, England. In Eng.
"A meeting was
held at the Royal Society in London on December 4 and 5, 1996, to bring
together leading scientists concerned with various aspects of land and
water resources, to make a critical scientific assessment of the
production potential of the land, and of the constraints which may
limit its achievement. The constraints include climatic factors, water
availability, factors related to crop nutrition and soil quality, and
economic and environmental factors related to intensified land
use." Two papers relating to population aspects are included in
this monograph; they deal with population momentum and the demand on
land and water resources, and meeting water requirements of an
expanding world population.
Selected items will be cited in this or
subsequent issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: CAB
International, Wallingford, Oxon OX10 8DE, England. E-mail:
cabi@cabi.org. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30685 LeRoy, Pamela. Troubled
waters: population and water scarcity. Colorado Journal of
International Environmental Law and Policy, Vol. 6, No. 2, Summer 1995.
299-326 pp. Niwot, Colorado. In Eng.
The relationship between the
world's available freshwater supplies and global population growth is
examined. The author points out that, although the planet's supply of
water is a constant, population numbers change, and that renewable
freshwater is already a scarce commodity in many regions of the world.
She discusses the limits to freshwater resources, the countries that
are experiencing water scarcities or stresses today or that will
experience them by the year 2025, the implications of water shortages
for health and the environment, and the relationship between water
shortages and conflict. Some strategies that could help resolve
water-related problems are outlined, focusing on the need to stabilize
population numbers.
Correspondence: P. LeRoy, Population
Action International, 1120 19th Street NW, Suite 550, Washington, D.C.
20036. Location: Cornell University Library, Ithaca, NY.
64:30686 Meyerson, Frederick A. B.
Population, carbon emissions, and global warming: the forgotten
relationship at Kyoto. Population and Development Review, Vol. 24,
No. 1, Mar 1998. 115-30, 198, 200 pp. New York, New York. In Eng. with
sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This article examines the historical
relationship between population growth and carbon emissions and the
challenges facing the signatories of the 1997 Kyoto Protocol on global
warming.... Even assuming the Protocol is successfully implemented, the
global warming treaty cannot succeed without the near-term
participation of developing countries, many of which already or will
soon produce excessive carbon emissions as a combined result of large
population size and fairly high per capita carbon use. Internationally,
population stabilization policies will also be a key determinant of the
success of any climate plan."
Correspondence: F. A. B.
Meyerson, Yale University, School of Forestry and Environmental
Studies, Box 1987, Yale Station, 277 Hillhouse Avenue, New Haven, CT
06520. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30687 Ness, Gayl D.; Golay, Meghan
V. Population and strategies for national sustainable
development: a guide to assist national policy makers in linking
population and environment in strategies for sustainable
development. ISBN 1-85383-375-4. LC 97-113180. 1997. xi, 148 pp.
Earthscan Publications: London, England; United Nations Population Fund
[UNFPA]: New York, New York. In Eng.
"The guide serves as a
resource for national-level policy makers and the staff of conservation
organizations who wish to integrate population and environmental
conditions in planning for sustainable development. It presents the
basic rationale for linking population and environmental issues,
including the demonstrable impact that growth in population and
consumption is having on the environment.... A number of mechanisms for
achieving integration [is] presented.... For those less familiar with
previous research, the book includes a primer on demographic change and
models and frameworks for understanding the links between population
dynamics (births, deaths, growth, migration) and environmental
change."
Correspondence: Earthscan Publications, 120
Pentonville Road, London N1 9JN, England. E-mail:
earthinfo@earthscan.co.uk. Location: U.S. Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
64:30688 Noin, Daniel; Picouët,
Michel. Population and the environment in arid
countries. [Populations et environment dans le monde aride.]
Espace, Populations, Sociétés, No. 1, 1998. 135 pp.
Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, U.F.R. de
Géographie: Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
This is a special issue on populations and the environment in arid
countries. Articles are also included on population policy,
desertification, drought and displacement, natural resources and social
needs, and future prospects. The articles examine the situation in
Jordan, Tunisia, Mali, and Burkina Faso.
Selected items will be
cited in this or subsequent issues of Population
Index.
Correspondence: Université des Sciences et
Technologies de Lille-Flandres-Artois, U.F.R. de Géographie,
59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:30689 Noin, Daniel. Population
and the environment in arid countries. [Population et environment
dans le monde aride.] Espace, Populations, Sociétés, No.
1, 1998. 13-22 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"The article is a general approach to population and the
environment in the arid world. Arid regions are not well delimited.
They cover approximately 33% of the earth's land surface.... In spite
of various limitations, the arid world has a relatively important
population. The overall estimate for 1994 is 841 million people, that
is to say 15 per cent of the world population; and growth has far from
ceased. The degradation of the environment in the arid lands is
indisputable but there is controversy about the extent of
desertification. It is made of three aspects: degradation of vegetal
cover, degradation of soils, and decline in water resources.
Interrelationships between population and the environment are very
complex."
Correspondence: D. Noin, Université
de Paris I, Institut de Géographie, 191 rue Saint-Jacques, 75005
Paris, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30690 Picouët, Michel; Sghaïer,
Mongi; Zaafouri, Mohamed S. Population and environment
relationships in the Tunisian desert. [Relation
population-environment en Tunisie désertique.] Espace,
Populations, Sociétés, No. 1, 1998. 53-65 pp. Villeneuve
d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"Population growth,
diffusion of growth models and the end of cultural and social autarky
have shaken traditional equilibria, particularly in recently-settled
nomad populations. In the oasis of El Faouar, in the Tunisian desert,
the degradation of pastures and the increased scarcity of vegetation
have deeply shattered the traditions of local pastoralists; through the
impulse of the state, they have turned to irrigated agriculture. The
theme developed in this article is that this process of change and its
impact on the environment is linked to the ability of households to
maintain their social and family reproduction on renewed bases. This
ability, which changes in the various groups, can have different
aspects."
Correspondence: M. Picouët, Institut
Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le Développement
en Coopération, B.P. 434, 1004 Tunis El Menzah, Tunisia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30691 Poda, Nayiré E.
Space, natural resources, and social needs in Burkina Faso: what
future for the environment? [Espace, resources naturelles et
demandes sociales au Burkina Faso: quel avenir pour l'environnement?]
Espace, Populations, Sociétés, No. 1, 1998. 83-96 pp.
Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"The
article analyses population-environment relationships in a country of
the Sahel region which is partly affected by aridity. The situation is
serious in Burkina Faso through the fast population growth and rapid
process of desertification. The environment has a strong influence on
population, particularly in the North where soils are poor and droughts
are frequent. The population has also a strong influence on the
environment; cultivated lands are growing, slash and burn agriculture
is destructive, wood is largely used for building huts and houses; many
other activities and customs contribute to the degradation of vegetal
cover. Since...independence, various policies have tried to save
natural resources."
Correspondence: N. E. Poda, CNRST,
Institut des Sciences de Sociétés, 03 B.P. 7047,
Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
64:30692 Randall, Sara. Drought
and displacement in Douentza (Mali), a Sahelian case study. [Un
exemple sahélien: sécheresse et déplacements
à Douentza (Mali).] Espace, Populations, Sociétés,
No. 1, 1998. 67-82 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng.
"The Sahelian droughts of the last two decades have
generated new forms of adaptation to this unpredictable environment:
the substantial populations who survive on the fringes of urban areas.
This case study examines the composition and survival strategies of the
displaced population around Douentza in 1988 and suggests that whereas
farmers have tended to use the drought as an excuse for migrating to
towns, former pastoralists are continuing to use traditional skills and
natural resources to scrape a precarious living using all available
labour. Previous social status is an important determinant of the
effort households make to survive with former high status groups having
problems adapting to their new poverty."
Correspondence:
S. Randall, University College London, Department of Anthropology,
Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:30693 Ryberg, Jesper. The
argument from overpopulation--logical and ethical considerations.
Population and Environment, Vol. 19, No. 5, May 1998. 411-30 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng.
"A traditional subject of discussion
in population debates is whether the world or any subdivisions of it
are overpopulated.... This article considers an argument from
overpopulation, according to which overpopulation justifies policies
which reduce population size; and an argument against overpopulation,
according to which the fact that present problems can be handled
without population reductions establishes that there is no state of
overpopulation. Both arguments are rejected by clarifying possible
definitions of overpopulation." A critique by Herschel Elliott is
included (pp. 427-30).
Correspondence: J. Ryberg,
Webersgade 19, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:30694 Scherr, Sara J. People
and environment: what is the relationship between exploitation of
natural resources and population growth in the South? Forum for
Development Studies, No. 1, 1997. 33-58 pp. Oslo, Norway. In Eng.
"The nexus between population, agriculture and natural
resource management (NRM) is the subject of this article. It first
briefly explores the nature and scale of the problem, and then presents
a framework for examining the dynamics of land quality change. As an
example, the next section presents the available evidence on land
management under population pressure in...tropical hillsides.... This
evidence suggests, perhaps surprisingly, that the effect of population
on land quality is indeterminate; the outcome depends on other economic
and institutional factors."
Location: Northwestern
University Library, Evanston, IL.
64:30695 Silwal, Uma K.
Population growth and agricultural change in Nepal. ISBN
0-7069-8826-4. LC 94-907328. 1995. xx, 279 pp. Vikas Publishing: New
Delhi, India. In Eng.
"The main purpose of this study is to
contribute in the understanding of the pattern and interrelationships
between the changes in population and agriculture [in Nepal] and
examine the extent of the impact of population growth on land use,
agricultural output and productivity.... The salient feature of this
study is to focus on regional analysis.... The variation in population
growth and subsequent impact on the area under cultivation and output
is quite large between the regions.... In most of the regions, however,
there has been no increase in productivity as a result of population
growth."
Correspondence: Vikas Publishing House, Surya
Rao Pet, Vijaijawa 2, New Delhi, India. Location: U.S. Library
of Congress, Washington, D.C.
64:30696 Waterlow, J. C.; Armstrong, D. G.;
Fowden, Leslie; Riley, Ralph. Feeding a world population
of more than eight billion people: a challenge to science. ISBN
0-19-511312-8. LC 97-30064. 1998. xv, 280 pp. Oxford University Press:
New York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This book takes a
critical look at the immediate challenges for feeding the [the world's]
population just a generation from now. Based on the 10th International
Symposium sponsored by the Nutrition Committee and the Trustees of the
Rank Prize Funds, the volume examines the full range of related issues,
from food economics to resource allocation and crop yields. Beginning
with an analysis of future food needs, the articles cover basic
resources and constraints, applications of science to increase yield,
the role of animal products in feeding eight billion people, and
diverse social issues. The book provides insights into these and other
important questions the world will be faced with in the coming years,
making it an invaluable resource for a wide range of those interested
in agriculture, the environment, and public
policy."
Correspondence: Oxford University Press, 200
Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
Studies of employment and labor force statistics that are of demographic relevance. Includes studies of the labor force (employment status, occupation, and industry) and of the relations among employment, labor force participation, and population factors. Studies on the effect of female labor force participation on fertility are coded under F.1. General Fertility and cross-referenced here.
64:30697 Angrist, Joshua D.; Evans, William
N. Children and their parents' labor supply: evidence from
exogenous variation in family size. American Economic Review, Vol.
88, No. 3, Jun 1998. 450-77 pp. Nashville, Tennessee. In Eng.
"This study uses parental preferences for a mixed sibling-sex
composition to construct instrumental variables (IV) estimates of the
effect of childbearing on labor supply. IV estimates for women are
significant but smaller than ordinary least-squares estimates. The IV
are also smaller for more educated women and show no impact of family
size on husbands' labor supply. A comparison of estimates using
sibling-sex composition and twins instruments implies that the impact
of a third child disappears when the child reaches age
13."
Correspondence: J. D. Angrist, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Department of Economics, 50 Memorial Drive,
Cambridge, MA 02139. Location: Princeton University Library
(PF).
64:30698 Azis, Iwan J. The
increasing role of the urban non-formal sector in Indonesia: employment
analysis within a multisectoral framework. In: Urbanization in
large developing countries: China, Indonesia, Brazil, and India, edited
by Gavin W. Jones and Pravin Visaria. 1997. 142-59 pp. Clarendon Press:
Oxford, England; International Union for the Scientific Study of
Population [IUSSP]: Liège, Belgium. In Eng.
"The
multisectoral framework applied in this chapter will specifically
disaggregate the Indonesian economy into six types, including the
category of non-formal sector (both urban and rural). The information
is taken from the data tapes of Susenas (national economic and social
survey) 1982 and 1987.... The phenomenon of industrial location in
relation to employment patterns and trends of urban migration is
discussed.... It is suspected that patterns of industrial location will
reinforce flows of migrants to urban
areas."
Correspondence: I. J. Azis, Universitas
Indonesia, Fakultas Ekonomi, Jl. Salemba Raya 4, Campus Depok, West
Java, Indonesia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30699 Birchenall, Javier; Gutiérrez,
Javier A.; Leibovich, José; Maurer, Martin; Mesa, Fernando;
Parra, Clara E.; Perfetti, Mauricio; Sánchez Torres, Fabio;
Uribe, María C. Social themes: essays on labor
economy. [Temas sociales: ensayos de economía laboral.]
Planeación y Desarrollo, Vol. 27, No. 4, Oct-Dec 1996. 206 pp.
Departamento Nacional de Planeación: Bogotá, Colombia. In
Spa.
This is a collection of five articles on problems in the labor
market in Colombia. The articles are as follows: The effects of
economic liberalization on the industrial labor market, by Fernando
Mesa and Javier Alberto Gutiérrez; Internal migration in
Colombia: an explanatory model of the assimilation process, by
José Leibovich; Wage differentials between non-wage-earning men
and women during the period 1984-1994, by Mauricio Perfetti; A
Keynesian model of the Colombian economy, by Fabio Sánchez
Torres and Clara E. Parra; and A system of leading indicators for
Colombia, by Martin Maurer, María C. Uribe, and Javier
Birchenall.
Correspondence: Departamento Nacional de
Planeación, Biblioteca, Calle 26, No. 13-19, 2o Piso,
Bogotá, Colombia. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
64:30700 Boehm, Thomas P.; Herzog, Henry W.;
Schlottmann, Alan M. Does migration matter? Job search
outcomes for the unemployed. Review of Regional Studies, Vol. 28,
No. 1, Summer 1998. 3-12 pp. Knoxville, Tennessee. In Eng.
"In
this study we investigate migration's effect on labor market
transitions [in the United States]. Specifically, we explore transition
rates out of unemployment (to employment) and from nonparticipation to
active job search. To facilitate this, a multistate model of the hazard
rate is developed and subsequently estimated. Our results strongly
suggest that migration is both directly and indirectly associated with
a successful transition to re-employment."
Correspondence:
T. P. Boehm, University of Tennessee, College of Business
Administration, Knoxville, TN 37996. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
64:30701 Bouchard, Gérard; Bourque,
Mario; Larouche, Jeannette; Bergeron, Lise. Decennial
censuses of the labor force using a population register. Presentation
of a methodology. [Recensement décennal de la population
active à l'aide d'un fichier de population. Présentation
d'une méthodologie.] Cahiers Québécois de
Démographie, Vol. 26, No. 2, Autumn 1997. 247-76; 340-1 pp.
Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"This paper
describes a methodology...to use the BALSAC population register (for
the Saguenay region [of Canada]) to simulate 10-year censuses of the
so-called active (male) population at the regional level. The method
set forth takes into account a number of biases and deficiencies
related to under-registration of demographic events and
under-declaration of occupations in the birth, marriage and death
records.... It becomes possible to analyze the regional and
sub-regional male job structure and its evolution between 1851 and
1961, using uniform criteria and classification
grid."
Correspondence: G. Bouchard, Université
du Québec, Institut Interuniversitaire de recherches sur les
populations, 555 boulevard de l'Université, Chicoutimi, Quebec
G7H 2B1, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30702 de Silva, Arnold.
Immigrant participation in the unemployment insurance system.
Canadian Public Policy/Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 23, No. 4, Dec 1997.
375-97 pp. North York, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This
paper finds that there are significant differences in the probability
of UI [unemployment insurance] participation across ethnic groups [in
Canada].... It also finds that whereas the probability of immigrants
who came to Canada before 1975 receiving UI is often not significantly
different from that of the British who came before 1966, this is not
the case with those who arrived after 1975. Several ethnic groups are
found to have a relatively high UI
propensity."
Correspondence: A. de Silva, Human
Resources Development Canada, Applied Research Branch, Ottawa, Ontario,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SF).
64:30703 Fairlie, Robert W.; Meyer, Bruce
D. Does immigration hurt African-American
self-employment? NBER Working Paper, No. 6265, Nov 1997. 41, [13]
pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge,
Massachusetts. In Eng.
"We use Census of Population microdata
to examine if black self-employment levels are lower in labor markets
which have a higher share of immigrants. We define labor markets as
metropolitan areas (MAs) and use the variation across 94 MAs in the
U.S. to examine the relationship between black self-employment and
immigration in both 1980 and 1990. To control for permanent differences
across MAs in other influences, we also estimate the effect of the
change in immigration from 1980 to 1990 on the change in black
self-employment over this period. We generally find that immigration
has no effect or only a small negative but statistically insignificant
effect on black male or female self-employment. Our findings are
similar if we weight immigration rates by the propensity of immigrant
groups to be self-employed, if we limit our sample of immigrants to
those from only Asian countries, and if we try other alternative
estimation techniques and specifications."
Correspondence:
National Bureau of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue,
Cambridge, MA 02138. Author's E-mail: rfairlie@cats.ucsc.edu.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
64:30704 Funkhouser, Edward; Trejo, Stephen
J. Labor market outcomes of female immigrants in the
United States. In: The immigration debate: studies on the
economic, demographic, and fiscal effects of immigration, edited by
James P. Smith and Barry Edmonston. 1998. 239-88 pp. National Academy
Press: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"Using microdata from the 1980
and 1990 U.S. censuses, we perform...an analysis of two key labor
market outcomes for immigrant women: employment and hourly earnings....
We describe the census data and some of the basic patterns evident in
these data.... We discuss the regression framework we use to estimate
the effects of arrival cohort and assimilation on immigrant
outcomes.... We present our regression analyses of the employment and
hourly earnings of foreign-born women. For comparison purposes...we
also report similar employment and wage regressions for
men."
Correspondence: E. Funkhouser, University of
California, Department of Economics, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30705 Hou, Feng; Omwanda, Lewis O.
A multilevel analysis of the connection between female labour force
participation and divorce in Canada, 1931-1991. International
Journal of Comparative Sociology, Vol. 38, No. 3-4, Dec 1997. 271-88
pp. Leiden, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This study investigates the
causal order between women's employment and divorce in Canada
1931-1991. An econometric model--the Granger-Hsiao test--is applied to
time series data to identify the form and direction of the relationship
between these two events and predict their pattern of change over time.
Autoregressive estimates show that increased entry of women into the
work force was a causal factor in the rise in divorce rates from
1931-1969; after 1969 the direction of causality switched. Relative
risk estimates obtained from individual-level survey data using Cox's
proportional hazard models confirm the time series results but, in
addition, show that labour force participation was a significant
predictor of the risk of marital dissolution only among women who
married between 1950 and 1969 and who worked without
interruption."
Correspondence: F. Hou, University of
Western Ontario, Department of Sociology, Population Studies Centre,
London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:30706 McDonald, James T.; Worswick,
Christopher. Unemployment incidence of immigrant men in
Canada. Canadian Public Policy/Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 23, No.
4, Dec 1997. 353-74 pp. Guelph, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"The unemployment incidence of immigrant and non-immigrant men
in Canada is compared using 11 cross-sectional surveys spanning the
years from 1982 to 1993. Recent immigrants are found to have higher
unemployment probabilities than nonimmigrants with the difference being
larger in recession years. Subsequently, measures of unemployment
assimilation of immigrants are found to be sensitive to the
macro-economic conditions of the survey years. The main implication of
the results for policy is that recent immigrants would benefit most
from labour market programs that facilitate the transition of
unemployed immigrants back to employment during
recessions."
Correspondence: J. T. McDonald,
University of Tasmania, Department of Economics, Hobart, Tasmania,
Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30707 Paiva, Paulo de T. A.
Fifty years of population growth and absorption of labor in Brazil:
from 1950 to 2000. Brazilian Journal of Population Studies, Vol.
1, 1997-1998. 105-22 pp. São Paulo, Brazil. In Eng.
"The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it will seek to
evaluate past growth tendencies of the Economically Active Population
(EAP) and of employment in Brazil. Second, it will seek to analyze the
potential growth of the labor force until the year
2000."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30708 Stark, Oded; Helmenstein, Christian;
Prskawetz, Alexia. Human capital depletion, human capital
formation, and migration: a blessing in a "curse"? Reihe
Ökonomie/Economics Series, No. 55, Jun 1998. 7 pp. Institut
für Höhere Studien [IHS]/Institute for Advanced Studies:
Vienna, Austria. In Eng.
"We specify conditions under which a
strictly positive probability of employment in a foreign country raises
the level of human capital formed by optimizing workers in the home
country. While some workers migrate, `taking along' more human capital
than if they had migrated without factoring in the possibility of
migration (a form of brain drain), other workers stay at home with more
human capital than they would have formed in the absence of the
possibility of migration (a form of brain
gain)."
Correspondence: Institut für Höhere
Studien, Stumpergasse 56, 1060 Vienna, Austria. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30709 White, Michael J.; Liang,
Zai. The effect of immigration on the internal migration
of the native-born population, 1981-1990. Population Research and
Policy Review, Vol. 17, No. 2, Apr 1998. 141-66 pp. Dordrecht,
Netherlands. In Eng.
"This study examines the impact of
immigration on the labor market opportunities of the native-born [U.S.]
population by looking through the window of migration. We use Current
Population Survey data to analyze the one-year migration patterns of
Anglos and Blacks and include the presence of recent immigrants in the
origin and (potential) destination U.S. states among the covariates....
States with high levels of recent immigration are less likely to retain
Anglo workers or receive new Anglo interstate migrants, but this
apparent substitution effect is partially offset by the presence of
long-term immigrant stock."
Correspondence: M. J.
White, Brown University, Population Studies and Training Center, Box
1916, Providence, RI 02912. E-mail: michael_white@brown.edu.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:30710 Yan, Xiaopei. Study on
the migrant labour force of China in recent years--a case study of
Nanhai City, Guangdong Province. Chinese Geographical Science,
Vol. 7, No. 1, 1997. 19-29 pp. Beijing, China. In Eng.
"This
paper, taking Nanhai City of Guangdong Province as an example, focuses
on five interrelated aspects of the migrant labour force of China in
recent years. Attention is initially paid to the background of the
labour migration from inland towards coastal areas. Then, the
demographic characteristics of the migrant labour force are analysed
before turning to the analysis [of] the reasons for the migration.
Fourthly, the impacts of the migrant workers on the socio-economic
development of Nanhai City and the problems are examined. Finally, the
prospects and some suggestions for...labour migration are put
forward."
Correspondence: X. Yan, Zhongshan
University, Centre for Urban and Regional Studies, Guangzhou 510275,
China. Location: Cornell University Library, Ithaca, NY.
