Studies concerned with the relations between population factors as a whole and economic aspects. Relations affecting a single demographic variable and economic factors are coded under the variable concerned and cross-referenced to this division, if appropriate.
Studies concerned equally with economic and social development. Most studies on the microeconomics of the family will be found in G.2. Family and Household and cross-referenced to this division, if appropriate.
Studies on economic and social development with a worldwide emphasis, together with those with no geographical emphasis.
64:20624 Crettez, Bertrand; Michel, Philippe;
Vidal, Jean-Pierre. Time preference and capital mobility
in an OLG model with land. Journal of Population Economics, Vol.
11, No. 1, Feb 1998. 149-58 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"This
paper examines the pattern of capital mobility in a two-country
overlapping generations world in which production uses three inputs:
capital, labor and land. The steady state welfare consequences of
opening countries to financial capital or labor mobility are then
compared. In particular, it is shown that capital mobility does not
equalize standards of living across countries. To achieve this goal,
one has to rely on labor mobility."
Correspondence: B.
Crettez, University of Paris I, Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique, U. R. A., D0924, 12 place du Panthéon, 75231 Paris
Cedex 05, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
64:20625 McNicoll, Geoffrey.
Population and poverty: a review and restatement. Population
Council Policy Research Division Working Paper, No. 105, 1997. 73 pp.
Population Council, Policy Research Division: New York, New York. In
Eng.
"In this review I shall sketch enough of the details of
the population-poverty relationship to make clear why it is not
amenable to a one-sentence summary, but with no ambition of presenting
a full-fledged account of the subject. My aim, rather, is to highlight
the features that should plausibly enter a policy-relevant restatement
of the relationship.... The main part of the review explores macro- and
local-level aspects of the relationship."
Correspondence:
Population Council, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY
10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20626 Szreter, Simon. Economic
growth, disruption, deprivation, disease, and death: on the importance
of the politics of public health for development. Population and
Development Review, Vol. 23, No. 4, Dec 1997. 693-728, 929, 931 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This essay
argues that, contrary to current opinion in the social and policy
sciences, the relationship between rapid economic growth and health is
a fundamentally problematic one. Fast economic growth entails
environmental, ideological, social, administrative, and, above all,
political disruption. If there is no successful political and
administrative response to these challenges, then the `four Ds' of
disruption, deprivation, disease, and death may all ensue. The
historical case of nineteenth-century Britain is examined in detail to
demonstrate its consistency with this analysis and to show that the
politics of public health in Britain's industrial cities was the vital
factor transforming economic growth and the four Ds into
health-enhancing economic and social development. The essay concludes
that the new concepts related to `social capital' may provide a helpful
perspective with which to understand the complexities of economic
growth, the politics of public health, and
`development'."
Correspondence: S. Szreter, University
of Cambridge, St. John's College, Cambridge CB2 1TP, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
General studies on the relations between population factors and economic development in developing countries. Includes studies on dependency as they relate to developing countries.
64:20627 Sirageldin, Ismail; Al-Rahmani,
Eqbal. Population and development transformations in the
Arab world. Research in Human Capital and Development, Vol. 9,
ISBN 1-55938-927-3. 1996. xii, 241 pp. JAI Press: Greenwich,
Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
This volume examines the
economic, demographic, and sociopolitical changes necessary for the
countries of the Arab world to achieve satisfactory levels of
socioeconomic development. Part I consists of an overview paper that
links the issues of population, the environment, and development in the
region. "Its main theme is that although the countries of the
region seem to be different in some economic indicators such as income
per capita, they all face some basic development transformations. The
completion of these transformations should form the basis for a
sustainable development strategy in the Arab region." Part II
contains four papers that examine some critical transformations
essential to the development process in the region. Part III has two
papers on the labor market, and Part IV contains two contributions on
the ethical dimensions of development.
Selected items will be cited
in this or subsequent issues of Population
Index.
Correspondence: JAI Press, 55 Old Post Road No. 2,
P.O. Box 1678, Greenwich, CT 06836-1678. Location: Princeton
University Library (IR).
64:20628 Sirageldin, Ismail; Wouters,
Annemarie. The demography of sustainable agriculture: the
case of Egypt. In: Population and development transformations in
the Arab world, edited by Ismail Sirageldin and Eqbal Al-Rahmani. 1996.
31-48 pp. JAI Press: Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This paper attempts to shed light on the question of whether
current policies and trends in Egyptian population dynamics and
agricultural development represent a stable and sustainable system of
economic growth.... Our basic proposition is that to sustain the
agricultural transformation necessary for economic growth, a major
structural transformation in the demographic behavior of the rural and
urban populations must also take place. The population transformation
includes changes in its natural rate of increase, spatial distribution,
skill formation, and occupational mobility. In this application, we
focus on that component of sustainability that deals with
intergenerational equity (i.e., ensuring economic growth for future
generations), rather than on issues of intra-generational efficiency
(i.e., perfecting how economies work). That is, can intergenerational
equity be achieved in countries where not only are there imperfect
market conditions for agricultural development, but also sometimes
unstable population dynamics?"
Correspondence: I.
Sirageldin, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.
Location: Princeton University Library (IR).
Studies on the relations between population and economic factors as they affect the developed world. Also includes studies on the economic effects of a stationary or declining population, the effects of aging on the economy, retirement, and problems of economic dependency in developed countries.
64:20629 Chand, Sheetal K.; Jaeger,
Albert. Aging populations and public pension schemes.
IMF Occasional Paper, No. 147, ISBN 1-55775-620-1. LC 96-47997. Dec
1996. v, 43 pp. International Monetary Fund: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This paper discusses the challenges posed by aging populations. The
focus is on the fiscal sustainability of public pension schemes in
industrial countries. The authors confirm that serious pressures will
be placed on most industrial economies and that, given the long lead
times involved, major actions will be required now to reform the
financial position of pension funds. Particular attention is given to
unfunded public pension liabilities. "The assessments show that a
combination of parametric reductions in benefits, such as extending the
retirement age and modifying indexation arrangements, would in most
countries suffice to contain potentially adverse fiscal developments.
An important implication is that if such reforms are combined with the
implementation of a sustainable contribution rate (which the
benefit-reducing reforms would bring closer to the actual contribution
rate), the reformed public pension systems would be able to cope with
the aging problem."
Correspondence: International
Monetary Fund, 700 19th Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20431. E-mail:
publications@imf.org. Location: Princeton University Library
(FST).
64:20630 Clark, Robert L.; Ogawa,
Naohiro. Public attitudes and concerns about population
ageing in Japan. Ageing and Society, Vol. 16, No. 4, Jul 1996.
443-65 pp. New York, New York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"This paper examines survey responses by Japanese men and
women regarding their attitudes toward the ageing of their country's
population, concerns about the impact of anticipated demographic
changes on their economic well-being in retirement, and preferences
among alternative policy options for changes in the Japanese social
security programme.... Respondents in a national survey on the ageing
society indicate that they are worried about their economic well-being
in retirement, are concerned about the ability of social security to
provide an adequate retirement income, and are unsure whether labour
market opportunities will enable them to continue to work at older
ages."
Correspondence: R. L. Clark, North Carolina
State University, College of Management, Box 7229, Raleigh, NC 27695.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
64:20631 Prokofieva, Lidia; Terskikh,
Lolita. Standards of living and family structure in a
period of social transformation: Russia in the 1990s. [Niveau de
vie et structure de la famille en période de transformation
sociale: la Russie des années 1990.] Population, Vol. 52, No. 5,
Sep-Oct 1997. 1,234-46 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
The authors
examine how the dramatic socioeconomic changes that occurred in Russia
over the course of the 1990s have affected the standard of living of
families and family characteristics. The impact of regional differences
on these variables is noted, particularly as the economies of different
regions of the country are so varied. The authors note that families
living in areas with businesses and industries involved in extracting
the country's natural resources are relatively prosperous. On the other
hand, families in areas heavily dependent on agriculture, light
industry, or heavy industry are more likely to have suffered
economically.
Correspondence: L. Prokofieva, Russian
Academy of Sciences, Institute of Socioeconomic Problems of Population,
Leninsky Pr. 14, 117901 Moscow, Russia. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:20632 Toutain, Stéphanie.
Aging and age of retirement. [Vieillissement et âge de
la retraite.] Genus, Vol. 53, No. 1-2, Jan-Jun 1997. 37-60 pp. Rome,
Italy. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Ita.
"In accordance with
demographic developments, the age of retirement should increase as a
result of [the] ageing of the population.... This article proposes to
examine the relevance of this diagnosis as well as its implications
[for France]. However as population ageing seems to go hand in hand
with a decrease in the proposed retirement age, factors likely to
explain this phenomenon are highlighted. Two analyses are proposed: one
based on labour demand and income/leisure options and choices, and
another on labour supply highlighting the untimely exclusion of older
workers from the job market, especially marked in developed
countries."
Correspondence: S. Toutain, 14 rue de la
Treille, 95210 Saint Gratien, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
Studies on the environment, quality of life, conservation, food production, etc., and their interrelations with population factors.
64:20633 Arene, C. J. Population
pressure, agricultural intensification and the sustainability of
cropping systems in Anambra State of Nigeria. Rivista di
Agricoltura Subtropicale e Tropicale, Vol. 90, No. 1, Jan-Mar 1996.
75-84 pp. Florence, Italy. In Eng. with sum. in Ita.
"This
study analysed the impact of population pressure and agricultural
intensification, among other factors, on the sustainability of cassava-
and yam-based cropping systems in Anambra Sate of Nigeria. It was found
that productivity was low for both systems due to the impact of
cropping density, population pressure, and agricultural intensification
on land."
Correspondence: C. J. Arene, University of
Nigeria, Department of Agricultural Economics, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Location: University of Minnesota Library, Minneapolis, MN.
64:20634 Cramer, James C.
Population growth and air quality in California. Demography,
Vol. 35, No. 1, Feb 1998. 45-56 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"I examine the impact of [population] growth specifically on
air quality in California.... Using data for 56 counties, I analyze the
contribution of population growth to trends in atmospheric emissions of
five regulated pollutants from 1980 to 1990, controlling for trends in
per capita income and regulatory efforts.... I also explore whether the
trend in number of households predicts better than the trend in number
of persons, and whether the impact of population growth depends upon
the age structure or source of growth (immigration or domestic
increase). Generally, these alternative specifications of population do
not improve the models of atmospheric emissions." Data are from
the California Air Resources Board.
Correspondence: J. C.
Cramer, University of California, Department of Sociology, One Shields
Avenue, Davis, CA 95616. E-mail: JCRAMER@UCDAVIS.EDU. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20635 Johnson, D. Gale. On the
resurgent population and food debate. Australian Journal of
Agricultural and Resource Economics, Vol. 41, No. 1, Mar 1997. 1-17 pp.
Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Since Malthus wrote his famous Essay
on Population, the world has witnessed great improvements in numerous
measures of well-being--life expectancy, infant mortality, incidence of
famines and plagues, per capita food consumption as well as real per
capita incomes. These improvements have come about during rapid
population growth in both industrial and developing countries. Food
demand and supply projections suggest that growth of supply will fully
meet growth of consumption while grain prices continue to decline.
While China may increase grain imports early next century, Central and
Eastern Europe is likely to emerge as a major grain exporter and thus
help to meet the increase in China's imports."
Location:
Cornell University Library, Ithaca, NY.
64:20636 Livernash, Robert; Rodenburg,
Eric. Population change, resources, and the
environment. Population Bulletin, Vol. 53, No. 1, Mar 1998. 40 pp.
Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This
Population Bulletin examines the likely global impacts of population
growth and distribution on food supply, energy consumption, emission of
greenhouse gases, forests, oceans, and other environmental factors. The
authors review various models developed to explore the complex
relationship among population change, consumption levels, resources,
and environmental health, and they discuss the various philosophical
perspectives that affect the interpretation of model
results."
Correspondence: Population Reference Bureau,
1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 520, Washington, D.C. 20009-5728.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20637 Maharatna, Arup. The
demography of famines: an Indian historical perspective. ISBN
0-19-563711-9. 1996. xviii, 317 pp. Oxford University Press: Delhi,
India. In Eng.
This study analyzes the demographic responses to
Indian famines in historical perspective and is based primarily on data
from the vital registration system, which was established in the 1870s.
"Chapter 1 provides a survey of the major issues of famine
demography. It also describes the setting for the present study and
includes a discussion of the usefulness of India's registration data.
In Chapter 2 demographic responses to major historical famines have
been investigated at province level. Chapter 3 examines the demography
of some historical famines which involved relatively small numbers of
deaths. Chapter 4 presents a detailed study of the demography of the
Bengal famine of 1943-4 at province level, while Chapter 5 is devoted
to an analysis of regional (district-level) demographic variation
during this crisis. The demographic consequences of the Maharashtra
scarcity of 1972-3 have been analysed in Chapter 6. Chapter 7 presents
a summary and conclusion."
Correspondence: Oxford
University Press, YMCA Library Building, Jai Singh Road, New Delhi 110
001, India. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
64:20638 Morocco. Centre d'Etudes et de
Recherches Démographiques [CERED] (Rabat, Morocco);
International Geographical Union [IGU] (Bonn, Germany).
Population, environment, and poverty: proceedings of an
international symposium held in Rabat, October 28-29, 1997.
[Actes: population, environnement et pauvreté. Symposium
international, Rabat, 28-29 octobre 1997.] 1997. 301 pp. Rabat,
Morocco. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
These are the proceedings of a
conference on the relationships among population, poverty, and the
environment held in Rabat, Morocco, in 1997. The 22 papers, 18 of which
are in French and 4 in English, are organized under 6 topics: the
socioeconomic context of poverty; demographic aspects of poverty;
regional aspects of population and the environment; population and the
urban environment; women, poverty, and the environment; and some
national case studies of the poverty-environment relationship. The
primary geographical focus of the conference was on the countries of
Northern Africa, but some papers are included on countries outside of
this region.
Correspondence: Centre d'Etudes et de
Recherches Démographiques, B.P. 178, avenue Maâ El Ainine,
Rabat, Morocco. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20639 Northcote, Thomas G.
Effects of human population growth on the Fraser and Okanagan River
systems, Canada: a comparative inquiry. GeoJournal, Vol. 40, No.
1-2, Oct 1996. 127-33 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
The
author compares the impact of human population growth on the Fraser and
Okanagan river systems in Canada. The effects "on water, fisheries
and other aquatic resources of the two basins are explored along with
possibilities and suggestions for their sustainable development. The
latter, despite some glimmers of hope, will not be tenable without
major changes in public attitude, in government policy at all levels,
and in other measures which to many may seem
impossible."
Correspondence: T. G. Northcote,
University of British Columbia, Departments of Zoology, Forest
Sciences, and Westwater Research Centre, Summerland, British Columbia,
Canada. Location: Dartmouth College Library, Hanover, NH.
64:20640 Rohe, John F. A
bicentennial Malthusian essay: conservation, population, and the
indifference to limits. ISBN 1-890394-00-9. LC 97-66724. 1997. 191
pp. Rhodes and Easton: Traverse City, Michigan. In Eng.
This is a
general essay on the relationships among population, conservation, and
the environment, prepared as a tribute to Robert Malthus on the
bicentennial of his Essay on the Principle of Population. The author
identifies the indifference to limits as the major global problem
facing the world's population. The essay is divided into three
substantive parts, which cover human population growth, economic
growth, and growth on the land.
Correspondence: Rhodes and
Easton, 121 E. Front Street, 4th Floor, Traverse City, MI 49684.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20641 Schreier, H.; Shah, P. B.
Water dynamics and population pressure in the Nepalese
Himalayas. GeoJournal, Vol. 40, No. 1-2, Oct 1996. 45-51 pp.
Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
The authors investigate the impact
of water shortages, especially water for irrigation, on development in
Nepal. "The problems associated with hydropower development will
be illustrated by using the Kulekhani watershed project as a case
study." The possible future effects on food supplies and health
are discussed.
Correspondence: H. Schreier, University of
British Columbia, Resource Management and Environmental Studies,
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Location: Dartmouth
College Library, Hanover, NH.
64:20642 Scott, Susan; Duncan, S. R.; Duncan,
C. J. The interacting effects of prices and weather on
population cycles in a preindustrial community. Journal of
Biosocial Science, Vol. 30, No. 1, Jan 1998. 15-32 pp. Cambridge,
England. In Eng.
"The exogenous cycles and population dynamics
of the community at Penrith, Cumbria, England, have been studied
(1557-1812) using aggregative analysis, family reconstitution and time
series analysis. This community was living under marginal conditions
for the first 200 years and the evidence presented is of a homeostatic
regime where famine, malnutrition and epidemic disease acted to
regulate the balance between resources and population size. This
provides an ideal historic population for an investigation of the
direct and indirect effects of malnutrition.... A model incorporating
[the] interacting associations between vital events and exogenous
cycles is presented...."
Correspondence: S. Scott,
University of Liverpool, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Box 147,
Liverpool L69 3BX, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
64:20643 Swain, Ashok. Displacing
the conflict: environmental destruction in Bangladesh and ethnic
conflict in India. Journal of Peace Research, Vol. 33, No. 2, May
1996. 189-204 pp. Oslo, Norway. In Eng.
"According to our case
analysis, environmental destruction--even that resulting from
`development projects' like the Farakka barrage--can lead to the loss
of sources of living, resulting in mass population movements. These
migrants in turn come into conflict with indigenous populations in the
receiving areas--in this case, in various parts of India.... The
intensive documentation presented [here] gives considerable weight to
the case that there is a possible link between environmental
destruction in Bangladesh due to the Farakka barrage and increasing
ethnic conflict in India."
Correspondence: A. Swain,
Uppsala University, Department of Peace and Conflict Research, 75120
Uppsala, Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (SF).
Studies of employment and labor force statistics that are of demographic relevance. Includes studies of the labor force (employment status, occupation, and industry) and of the relations among employment, labor force participation, and population factors. Studies on the effect of female labor force participation on fertility are coded under F.1. General Fertility and cross-referenced here.
64:20644 Al-Qudsi, Sulayman.
Labor markets in the future of Arab economies: the imperatives and
implications of economic restructuring. In: Population and
development transformations in the Arab world, edited by Ismail
Sirageldin and Eqbal Al-Rahmani. 1996. 133-62 pp. JAI Press: Greenwich,
Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This paper reviews
recent developments in the Arab labor markets and analyzes the factors
that are likely to affect their future dynamics. The paper starts by
sketching current debate on the rising unemployment trend and impact of
economic restructuring on labor markets, their outcomes, and the role
of the state in the labor market."
Location: Princeton
University Library (IR).
64:20645 Amuedo Dorantes, Catalina; Huang,
Wei-Chiao. Unemployment, immigration, and NAFTA: a panel
study of ten major U.S. industries. Journal of Labor Research,
Vol. 18, No. 4, Fall 1997. 613-9 pp. Fairfax, Virginia. In Eng.
"We conduct a pooled cross-section and time-series analysis of
the unemployment rates across ten major industries in the U.S. from
1983 to 1994 to assess the effect of NAFTA and immigration. Our results
indicate that the output produced by the industry, unemployment benefit
coverage, and interest rates are significant determinants of industry
unemployment rates, but union presence does not affect industry
unemployment. Both Canadian and Mexican immigrants appear to be
complements to the U.S. labor force, with Canadian immigrants highly
complementary to American labor. Finally, the Chow test provides no
evidence that NAFTA has changed the structure of unemployment
determination in these industries."
Correspondence: C.
Amuedo Dorantes, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008.
Location: Princeton University Library (IR).
64:20646 Bäcker, G.
Demographic change, labor market trends, and employment prospects
of older workers. [Demographischer Wandel, Arbeitsmarktentwicklung
und Beschäftigungsperspektiven älterer Arbeitnehmer.]
Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1996.
23-8 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Ger. with sum. in Eng.
The author
analyzes the impact of demographic trends on the labor market in
Germany, with a focus on employment-related opportunities for older
workers. "The rate of younger employees is decreasing and the
average age of the workforce is increasing. This does not imply,
however, that the chances for older employees in the labor market will
improve or that their working-life will be prolonged. As long as the
labor market situation is difficult, the trend towards early retirement
cannot be reversed." The author suggests that better opportunities
for flexible or part-time work might increase the labor force
participation of older workers.
Correspondence: G.
Bäcker, Fachhochschule Niederrhein, FB Sozialwesen,
Richard-Wagner-Straße 101, 41065 Mönchengladbach, Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20647 Beaujot, Roderic; Haddad,
Tony. The productive activities of Canadian adults at
mid-life: family, work and children. Population Studies Centre
Discussion Paper, No. 97-13, ISBN 0-7714-2053-6. Dec 1997. 26 pp.
University of Western Ontario, Population Studies Centre: London,
Canada. In Eng.
"The objective of this study is to consider
the productive activities of [Canadian] adults at mid-life, including
both paid and unpaid work. After summarizing the family situations of
persons aged 30-54, their paid work is considered, and finally the
total time in productive activities. Both paid work and time in
productive activities are analyzed according to the family status of
men and women. Various models are then discussed in terms of the
division of paid and unpaid work in
couples."
Correspondence: University of Western
Ontario, Population Studies Centre, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20648 Blau, David M.; Robins, Philip
K. A dynamic analysis of turnover in employment and child
care. Demography, Vol. 35, No. 1, Feb 1998. 83-96 pp. Silver
Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"The causes of turnover in
child-care arrangements and maternal employment are analyzed using
panel data from the [U.S.] National Longitudinal Survey of Youth,
supplemented with state-level information on child-care markets. The
results indicate that turnover in child care is quite high and that
child and family characteristics help explain turnover. Important
factors include the mother's wage, the cost of child care, age of the
child, and previous child-care decisions. The reduced-form nature of
the analysis makes it difficult to determine whether these factors are
important because they are associated with unstable child-care supply
or because they affect family decisions, conditional on supply factors.
The results provide no direct evidence that child-care turnover is
higher in states with more unstable child-care
markets."
Correspondence: D. M. Blau, University of
North Carolina, Department of Economics, CB No. 3305, Gardner Hall,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3305. E-mail: david_blau@unc.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20649 De Silva, Soma.
Population and labour force projections for Sri Lanka
1991-2031. ISBN 955-577-102-2. Mar 1994. 56 pp. Department of
Census and Statistics: Colombo, Sri Lanka. In Eng.
"This
report seeks to provide...planners and others...with a set of
projections of [Sri Lanka's] population and its labour force for the
next several decades.... The projections presented here show that Sri
Lanka's population will continue to grow for the next several decades
even though the tempo of growth has declined and will continue to do
so. They highlight another significant emerging issue in the demography
of Sri Lanka: the fast changing age composition towards an elderly
population." Sections are included on future population size and
growth; birth rates, death rates, and natural increase; age-sex
composition; and labor force projections.
Correspondence:
Department of Census and Statistics, P.O. Box 563, Colombo, Sri
Lanka. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20650 Gerfin, Michael. The
labor force participation of women in Switzerland: a dynamic probit
model for the years 1991-1995. [Die Erwerbsbeteiligung von Frauen
in der Schweiz: ein dynamisches Probit-Modell für die Jahre
1991-1995.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft und
Statistik/Revue Suisse d'Economie Politique et de Statistique/Swiss
Journal of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 134, No. 1, Mar 1998. 93-114
pp. Basel, Switzerland. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"Using
the Swiss Labour Force Survey panel data I estimate a dynamic probit
model of female labour market participation. The model is estimated
with several specifications of the covariance matrix of the error
terms. In the more complicated cases the method of Simulated Maximum
Likelihood is used. Estimation results indicate strong persistence in
the labour market behaviour due to state dependence. Short spells of
non-employment lead to smaller employment probabilities in subsequent
periods compared to the case of continuous employment. Individual
characteristics [such] as marital status, family composition and
education have a significant influence on the participation
probability. The local unemployment rate is also of
importance."
Correspondence: M. Gerfin,
Universität Bern, Volkwirtschaftliches Institut,
Gesellschaftsstrasse 49, 3012 Bern, Switzerland. Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
64:20651 Kenya. Central Bureau of Statistics
(Nairobi, Kenya). Kenya population census 1989: Analytical
report. Volume IX: labour force. [1997?]. [39] pp. Nairobi, Kenya.
In Eng.
This report analyzes labor force data from the 1989 census
of Kenya. There are chapters on labor force characteristics, employment
status, and findings and recommendations.
Correspondence:
Central Bureau of Statistics, Ministry of Planning and National
Development, P.O. Box 30266, Nairobi, Kenya. Location:
Northwestern University Library, Evanston, IL.
64:20652 Maurin, Louis. The
demographic decline: could it put an end to unemployment? [Le
déclin démographique: peut-il mettre fin au
chômage?] Alternatives Economiques, No. 141, Oct 1996. 68-71 pp.
Quetigny, France. In Fre.
Using the example of France, the author
examines the extent to which the entry of smaller cohorts into the
labor force each year will help to reduce levels of unemployment. He
concludes that a simple quantitative relationship of this kind is not
valid, as the key factors governing rates of unemployment involve a
number of economic and social choices, including the desire to
participate in the labor force, changes in productivity, and rates of
economic growth.
Location: British Library, Document Supply
Centre, Wetherby, England.
64:20653 Powers, Mary G.; Seltzer,
William. Occupational status and mobility among
undocumented immigrants by gender. International Migration Review,
Vol. 32, No. 1, Spring 1998. 21-55 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article addresses two issues concerning...the
integration and mobility of undocumented immigrants in the United
States: (1) whether undocumented men and women improve their earnings
and occupational status over time and (2) the extent of variation in
occupational status and mobility by gender and region. Data from the
1989 Legalized Population Survey indicate that both undocumented men
and women, on average, improved their earnings and occupational status
between their first jobs in the United States and their jobs just prior
to application for legalization under the 1986 Immigration Reform and
Control Act. The earnings, occupational status, and occupational
mobility of men were greater than for women, however."
This
paper was originally presented at the 1996 Annual Meeting of the
Population Association of America.
Correspondence: M. G.
Powers, Fordham University, Department of Sociology and Anthropology,
Fordham Road, Bronx, NY 10458. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
64:20654 Rice, Robert C. The
Indonesian urban informal sector: characteristics and growth from 1980
to 1990. Journal of Population, Vol. 3, No. 1, Jun 1997. 37-65 pp.
Depok, Indonesia. In Eng.
The author "discusses some
theoretical aspects of the urban informal sector and presents some
pertinent findings in Indonesia such as why persons enter the informal
sector, relationships of the informal sector to itself and the formal
sector (FS), factors affecting the competitiveness and potential of the
informal subsectors, and the interpretation of a change in the size of
the informal sector relative to the formal sector. An analysis of
Central Bureau of Statistics data shows that the rate of growth of the
informal sector from 1985 to 1990 was much lower than the formal sector
and much lower than the informal sector from 1980 to
1985...."
Correspondence: R. C. Rice, Monash
University, Department of Economics, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
E-mail: robert.rice@buseco.monash.edu.au. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:20655 Rougerie, Catherine; Courtois,
Jocelyn. A step toward adulthood: the first real job.
[Une étape du passage à l'âge adulte: l'emploi qui
compte.] Population, Vol. 52, No. 6, Nov-Dec 1997. 1,297-327 pp. Paris,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
The authors examine the
process of young people in France finding a first job. Data are from
the 1993 Coming of Age Survey. Aspects considered include age at first
job, length of time in job search, social status, education, and living
arrangements.
Correspondence: C. Rougerie, Dares, 20 bis
rue d'Estrées, 757000 Paris 07SP, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20656 Schoeni, Robert F. Labor
market outcomes of immigrant women in the United States: 1970 to
1990. International Migration Review, Vol. 32, No. 1, Spring 1998.
57-77 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"The primary
objective of this study is to provide a broad picture of the
significance of immigrant women in the U.S. economy and the experiences
they have had. Therefore, we examine a wide array of labor market
outcomes, including labor force participation, self-employment,
unemployment, weeks worked per year, hours worked per week, and weekly
earnings. Moreover, we examine trends in these outcomes over the past
two decades by drawing on the 1970, 1980 and 1990 censuses.... After
documenting the differences in outcomes among groups, [we]...determine
whether education, English language ability, and fertility can explain
these disparities."
Correspondence: R. F. Schoeni,
RAND, 1700 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20657 Shumway, J. Matthew; Cooke, Thomas
J. Gender and ethnic concentration and employment
prospects for Mexican-American migrants. Growth and Change, Vol.
29, No. 1, Winter 1998. 23-43 pp. Malden, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"The primary purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects
of migration on the employment of Mexican-Americans [in the United
States]. This paper attempts to answer the question, `what effect, if
any, does the migration of Mexican-Americans have on their employment
outcomes?' To explore this question the empirical research is situated
within a gendered and ethnic theoretical framework. Using the 1990
Public Use Microsample (PUMS) data for the empirical analysis, the
effects are differentiated by gender and examined as to how localized
concentrations of coethnics affect the returns to migration, after
controlling for migration self-selection bias. The results suggest
migration decreases the employment probabilities for married women with
no significant effect for single women or men. Greater percentage of
coethnics increases employment for all groups except single
women."
Correspondence: J. M. Shumway, Brigham Young
University, Department of Geography, Provo, UT 84602. Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
64:20658 Siklos, Pierre L.; Marr, William
L. The unemployment insurance compensation experience of
immigrants in Canada, 1980-1988. Journal of Population Economics,
Vol. 11, No. 1, Feb 1998. 127-47 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
The
authors examine "the unemployment experience of Canadian immigrant
cohorts over the time period 1980 to 1988. Using the records of
unemployment insurance [UI] benefits of persons who immigrated to
Canada in those years and who filed income tax returns, the
unemployment experiences of those people are compared by landing year,
gender, level of education, language ability, and country of last
permanent residence.... We find no obvious influences on UI receipt
behaviour following the immigration reforms of 1982. However, the
recession of 1981-82 had a major impact on incomes which did not
recover until 5 or 6 years later. Nevertheless, more generous UI
benefits did raise slightly the likelihood of UI
receipts."
Correspondence: P. L. Siklos, Wilfrid
Laurier University, Department of Economics, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3C5,
Canada. E-mail:psiklos@wlu.ca. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
64:20659 Zhang, Junjie; Beaujot,
Roderic. The labour market transition experience of the
jobless in Canada: find a job or be your own boss? Population
Studies Centre Discussion Paper, No. 97-12, ISBN 0-7714-2052-8. Dec
1997. 26 pp. University of Western Ontario, Population Studies Centre:
London, Canada. In Eng.
"The present study considers
self-employment and paid work as two competing alternatives for the
jobless [in Canada].... The consideration of timing patterns, and the
traits predicting entry into paid work and self-employment, will help
elaborate the mechanisms of incorporation of the jobless into the
labour market."
Correspondence: University of Western
Ontario, Population Studies Centre, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
