Studies with an emphasis on locational patterns and their interpretation.
Studies of rural and urban populations considered together. Studies that are concerned primarily with the movement of population are classified under H. Migration. Studies concerned with the definition of urban or rural areas and with boundary changes are classified here or in O.1. Population Statistics, General Aspects.
64:20048 Ben-Artzi, Yossi.
Normalization under conflict? Spatial and demographic changes of
Arabs in Haifa, 1948-92. Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 32, No. 4,
Oct 1996. 281-95 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The purpose of
this article is to examine...changes and indicate the emerging trends
among the Arab population [in Haifa, Israel,] and within its
residential areas. The first section will explain the development of
the residential spatial pattern of Haifa's Arabs as it took shape until
the 1970s.... The changes themselves will be described separately, from
both the demographic and spatial point of view, in the second part of
the article."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SY).
64:20049 Bernier, Jacques.
Canada. Pluralism mapped. [Canada. Pluralisme sur fond de
carte.] Cahiers de Géographie du Québec, Vol. 40, No.
110, Sep 1996. 173-83 pp. Quebec, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
This article provides maps of the geographical distribution and the
ethnic and linguistic characteristics of the Canadian population. The
author concludes that "the Canadian population is characterised by
a pluralism which clearly has a territorial basis and constitutes a key
fact of Canadian geography. This situation lies at the heart of the
Canadian identity/unity crisis."
Correspondence: J.
Bernier, Université Laval, Département de
Géographie, Cité Universitaire, Quebec, Quebec G1K 7P4,
Canada. Location: University of Toronto, East Asian Library,
Toronto, Canada.
64:20050 Egan, Karla L.; Anderton, Douglas L.;
Weber, Eleanor. Relative spatial concentration among
minorities: addressing errors in measurement. Social Forces, Vol.
76, No. 3, Mar 1998. 1,115-33 pp. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
"This article identifies several mathematical and conceptual
problems with Massey and Denton's [1998] Relative Concentration index
(RCO). Massey and Denton proposed this index to measure the spatial
concentration of minority groups, a dimension of segregation they
identify as relevant to their `hypersegregation' hypothesis. This index
has also influenced segregation research and has been replicated in
U.S. Census Bureau analyses by Harrison and Weinberg (1992)." A
reply by Douglas S. Massey and Nancy A. Denton is included (pp.
1,123-33).
Correspondence: D. L. Anderton, University of
Massachusetts, Social and Demographic Research Institute, Machmer Hall,
Box 34830, Amherst, MA 01003-4830. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:20051 Mauritius. Central Statistical Office
(Port Louis, Mauritius). 1990 housing and population
census of Mauritius. Analysis report. Volume IV--population
distribution and migration. [1997?]. 74 pp. Port Louis, Mauritius.
In Eng.
This is one in a series of reports presenting analyses of
data from the 1990 census of Mauritius. This report has chapters on
population distribution, international migration, and internal
migration and urbanization.
Correspondence: Central
Statistical Office, Ministry of Economic Planning and Development, Port
Louis, Mauritius. Location: University of California Library,
Berkeley, CA. Source: APLIC Census Network List, No. 171,
May-Jun 1997.
Studies of urban populations, including those of metropolitan areas and suburban and semi-urban zones. Also includes studies on urbanization insofar as they relate to the effects of migration on urban areas or the socioeconomic and demographic structure of urban populations. Studies on the actual process of rural-urban migration are coded under H.6. Rural-Urban Migration.
64:20052 Clark, David.
Interdependent urbanization in an urban world: an historical
overview. Geographical Journal, Vol. 164, No. 1, Mar 1998. 85-95
pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The distribution of the world's
population is now more urban than rural. Contemporary and historical
urban patterns are identified and their causes are evaluated. Urban
development was largely confined to developed countries before
mid-century but has spread to developing countries since. Both outcomes
are seen as interdependent consequences of the growth and geographical
extension of capitalism. The merits of the interdependency theory are
assessed. Recent urbanization in Africa and Asia is a locational
response to the new global economic order. Cities have grown because of
the influx of manufacturing and service jobs from the developed
economies, and the in-migration of workers displaced by agricultural
adjustment. The prospects for further urbanization are
considered."
Correspondence: D. Clark, Coventry
University, Geographical Subject Area, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB,
England. E-mail: d.clark@coventry.ac.uk. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
64:20053 Donets, E.; Moiseenko, V.;
Chudinovskikh, O. Moscow population: territorial
aspect. [Naselenie Moskvy: territorial'nyi aspekt.] Voprosy
Statistiki, No. 10, 1997. 81-8 pp. Moscow, Russia. In Rus.
The
population dynamics of the Moscow region are analyzed for the period
1994-1995. Information is included on population totals and density by
district and movements into and out of each district, as well as on
economic activity by age and sex.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:20054 Drobek, Wieslaw; Heffner,
Krystian. Development of urban centres on the western and
northern territories of Poland--an attempt of recapitulation by means
of the settlement system of Poland. Polish Population Review, No.
10, 1997. 281-98 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Eng.
The authors discuss
the development of urban areas in western and northern Poland since the
1930s. Sections are included on the development of towns under the
German settlement system; changes during military operations between
1939 and 1945; inclusion of towns into the Polish urban system; and
prospects of future development.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:20055 Jean, Yves; Calenge,
Christian. Peri-urban spaces: neither city nor country?
(Issues taken from examples of France's Center-West). [Espaces
périurbains: au-delà de la ville et de la campagne?
(Problématique à partir d'exemples pris dans le
Centre-Ouest).] Annales de Géographie, Vol. 106, No. 596,
Jul-Aug 1997. 389-413 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"The phenomenon of peripheral urbanisation is [generalized to]
all types of towns and agglomerations.... Starting with some examples
from several average sized towns in the Centre-West [of France], it
appeared useful to attempt to construct a problem examining these
spaces, avoiding the habitual and manifestly infective urban/rural
dichotomy. It appears that these spaces cannot be treated in isolation
for they form a complex socio-spatial system with the other elements of
these agglomerations."
Correspondence: Y. Jean,
Université François-Rabelais, Département de
Géographie, 3 rue des Tanneurs, 37041 Tours Cedex, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
64:20056 Lo, Fu-Chen; Yeung, Yue-man.
Emerging world cities in Pacific Asia. ISBN 92-808-0907-5.
1996. xxiv, 528 pp. United Nations University Press: Tokyo, Japan. In
Eng.
This volume is part of the United Nations University's
Programme on Mega-Cities and Urban Development, initiated in 1990. The
editors have compiled studies by various authors that focus on
"the functional characteristics and linkage effects of Pacific
Asia's world cities against the background of global economic
restructuring since the 1980s. These cities are examined as individual
entities, in their regional setting, and in the context of subregional
cooperative development environments. Emphasis is placed on the
functional importance and complexity of world cities in the global and
regional economies." The regions covered include Tokyo and the
Japanese urban system; Seoul; Taiwan; China's urban system;
urbanization trends in the Philippines; Bangkok and Thailand; Malaysia;
the Djakarta area (Jabotabek); the extended Singapore region; and the
Hong Kong region.
Correspondence: United Nations University
Press, United Nations University, 53-70 Jingumae 5-chome, Shibuya-ku,
Tokyo 150, Japan. Location: Rowan College of New Jersey,
Glassboro, NJ.
64:20057 Martín Frechilla, Juan
J. Urban construction, professions, and immigration at the
origin of urban studies in Venezuela, 1870-1957.
[Construcción urbana, profesiones e inmigración en el
origen de los estudios de urbanismo en Venezuela: 1870-1957.] Estudios
Demográficos y Urbanos, Vol. 11, No. 3, Sep-Dec 1996. 477-519,
659-60 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"The
author wants to establish the relationship between the agents and
circumstances involved in the implementation of the first graduate
studies on urbanism in Venezuela.... The accelerated urbanization
process that began with the oil impact on the country's economy clearly
revealed the lack of human resources to face the increasing urban
problems; therefore, possible solutions to them were sought first in
Europe and later in the United States."
Correspondence:
J. J. Martín Frechilla, Universidad Central de Venezuela,
Ciudad Universitaria, Los Chaguaramos, Zona Postal 104, Caracas 1051,
Venezuela. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20058 Mears, Ronald; Levin,
Michiel. Demographic characteristics of the population of
Greater Soweto, 1993. Development Southern Africa, Vol. 13, No. 4,
Aug 1996. 625-46 pp. Halfway House, South Africa. In Eng.
"This research note provides information and findings on some
aspects of urbanisation in Greater Soweto. It outlines the demographic
characteristics of the population, namely the characteristics of
households; household preferences for services; perceptions on
accommodation; age and gender profiles; education levels; the origin of
the inhabitants and mobility in and migration to Greater Soweto. Some
findings are particularly important for future planning of services and
low-income or subsidised housing."
Correspondence: R.
Mears, Vista University, Department of Economics, Central Campus,
Private Bag X634, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
64:20059 Mérenne-Schoumaker, B.; Van
der Haegen, H.; Van Hecke, E. General census of population
and housing, March 1, 1991: urbanization. [Recensement
général de la population et des logements au 1er mars
1991: urbanisation.] Monographie, No. 11A, 1998. 194 pp. Institut
National de Statistique: Brussels, Belgium; Services
Fédéraux des Affaires Scientifiques, Techniques et
Culturelles: Brussels, Belgium. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
This is
one in a series of 11 monographs in which data from the 1991 Belgian
census are analyzed. In this report, an analysis of trends in
urbanization is presented. There are chapters on the populated
localities in Belgium in 1991 and changes since 1970, urban regions,
and the typology of communes according to level of
urbanization.
Correspondence: Institut National de
Statistique, 44 rue de Louvain, Centre Albert, 8e étage, 1000
Brussels, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
64:20060 Nagpaul, Hans.
Modernization and urbanization in India: problems and issues.
1996. 271 pp. Rawat Publications: Jaipur, India. In Eng.
This is a
selection of essays that the author has written over the years on
aspects of urbanization in India. There are chapters on the following
subjects: problems and issues in the transition to modernity; toward
urbanization and metropolitanism; the framework of dominant urban
problems; structure and change in giant cities; the rural-urban divide
and conflicts; a case study of Delhi as an exploding metropolis;
community organization for preventing social disorganization; social
welfare strategies for coping with urban problems; and the need for the
wider distribution of modern benefits.
Correspondence:
Rawat Publications, 3-Na-20 Jawahar Nagar, Jaipur 302 004, India.
Location: Cornell University Library, Ithaca, NY.
64:20061 Obudho, R. A.; Aduwo, G. O.
The nature of the urbanization process and urbanism in the city of
Nairobi, Kenya. African Urban Quarterly, Vol. 7, No. 1-2, Feb-May
1992. 50-62 pp. Nairobi, Kenya. In Eng.
The characteristics of
urbanization in the Kenyan capital, Nairobi, are analyzed. "The
current profile of the city has in turn been shaped by geographical and
historical and contemporary forces.... This paper analyses the role of
these forces with a view to showing how the city's population growth
and distribution patterns [have changed, how] the demographic dynamics
and spatial structure have been influenced, [and what are the] shelter
and services deficiencies which the city faces
today...."
Correspondence: R. A. Obudho, University of
Nairobi, Department of Geography, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi, Kenya.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:20062 Portes, Alejandro; Dore-Cabral,
Carlos; Landolt, Patricia. The urban Caribbean: transition
to the new global economy. ISBN 0-8018-5517-9. LC 96-35184. 1997.
xvii, 260 pp. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, Maryland. In
Eng.
This collaborative work examines the features of urbanization
in some small nation-states in the Caribbean Basin, and also presents
five specific case studies of urbanization in Costa Rica, Haiti,
Guatemala, the Dominican Republic, and Jamaica. The study shows how the
different histories of these five countries, particularly as they
affect social and political rights, have affected the social and
spatial distribution of the urban populations. The shared experiences
of economic instability and rising unemployment in recent years and
their impact on the cities are also discussed. In addition,
consideration is given to the contribution of remittances from migrants
overseas.
Correspondence: Johns Hopkins University Press,
2715 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218-4319. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
64:20063 Rakodi, Carole. The
urban challenge in Africa: growth and management of its large
cities. ISBN 92-808-0952-0. LC 97-4603. 1997. xiv, 628 pp. United
Nations University Press: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
This is a
collection of studies by various authors from different countries and
disciplines on the growth of the largest cities in Africa, including
their characteristics, their dynamism despite economic difficulties,
and the outcome of efforts to manage them. "The introductory
chapters consider the effects of global forces on Africa and its major
cities, revealing that the new phase of globalization has reinforced
the continent's marginalization, impoverishment, indebtedness, and lack
of policy autonomy, rather than leading to economic growth and
diversification. Case-studies of selected cities (Cairo, Lagos,
Johannesburg, Kinshasa, Abidjan, and Nairobi) reflect the experience of
the largest urban agglomerations; northern, southern, western, and
eastern Africa; anglophone and francophone Africa; cities with an
essentially domestic role and those with wider regional or continental
roles; and cities on a continuum from relatively tight management to
virtual collapse of public sector institutions. Each examines economic
and demographic trends; political, social, and physical
characteristics; and arrangements for planning and management. The
experiences of these and other cities are drawn upon in thematic
chapters dealing with the characteristics of city economies; property
markets; politics, governance, and social organization; and the lives
of urban people, including migration patterns and the effects of
impoverishment."
Correspondence: United Nations
University Press, United Nations University, 53-70 Jingumae 5-chome,
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
64:20064 Razin, Eran. Policies to
control urban sprawl: planning regulations or changes in the
"rules of the game"? Urban Studies, Vol. 35, No. 2, Feb
1998. 321-40 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"Urban sprawl,
fuelled by powerful market forces, is unlikely to be controlled by
macro-scale regional plans or by comprehensive reforms of the local
government map. This paper emphasises two mechanisms that determine the
`rules of the game' of local development and public regulation of urban
sprawl: local government finance and the transfer of land from rural to
urban local authorities. Sharing local taxes paid by new
non-residential property is discussed, in the Israeli context, as a
means to reduce overdevelopment of industrial areas in the metropolitan
fringes as well as pressures on open space. Complementary regulative
measures, where rural local government is separated from urban local
government, are based on improved co-ordination between land-use
planning and decisions on municipal boundary
changes."
Correspondence: E. Razin, Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Department of Geography, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905,
Israel. E-mail: msrazin@mscc.huji.ac.il. Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
64:20065 Tang, Wing-Shing.
Urbanisation in China: a review of its causal mechanisms and
spatial relations. Progress in Planning, Vol. 48, No. 1, 1997.
1-65 pp. Elmsford, New York. In Eng.
This article reviews "the
forces underpinning Chinese urbanization.... This paper is divided into
two main parts. The first addresses the (non-spatial) causal mechanisms
between 1949 and 1977. Neither the ideological, the class, nor the
economic formulation has touched on the more systemic mechanisms
related to the socialist state and the shortage economy. This paper
attempts to redress the imbalance by examining the advantages of
combining Kornai's shortage model with Foucault's concept of
governmentality. By drawing on concepts of spatial contingency, spatial
boundary and locality effects, the second part of the paper argues that
spatial relations do play significant roles in revealing Chinese
urbanisation policies and patterns."
Correspondence:
W.-S. Tang, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Department of
Geography, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China. Location:
University of Illinois Library, Urbana, IL.
64:20066 Todaro, Michael P.
Urbanization, unemployment, and migration in Africa: theory and
policy. Population Council Policy Research Division Working Paper,
No. 104, 1997. 50 pp. Population Council, Policy Research Division: New
York, New York. In Eng.
"This essay focuses on the conceptual,
empirical, and policy-relevant linkages among urbanization, rural-urban
migration, and economic development [in Africa]. First, recent trends
and future scenarios for urban population growth are reviewed, with
special emphasis on African urbanization. Then, the growth and
significance of the urban informal economy and the role of women in
informal economic activities are examined."
Correspondence:
Population Council, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY
10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies of agricultural and farming populations.
64:20067 Buckley, Cynthia.
Rural/urban differentials in demographic processes: the Central
Asian states. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 17, No.
1, Feb 1998. 71-89 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"While
the populations of the Central Asian successor states are extremely
heterogeneous on many indicators, the issue of rural or urban residence
is consistently important in terms of differentials in population
growth, socio-economic status and public health. In this paper I focus
on rural population trends in Kazakhstan, Kyrghyzstan, Turkmenistan,
Uzbekistan and Tajikistan. I explore the relatively disadvantaged
position of rural inhabitants as well as regional variations within the
rural population. The differentials in fertility and mortality rates
and the large projected population increases indicate that future
policy interventions and data collection efforts should incorporate a
specific focus on rural areas."
Correspondence: C.
Buckley, University of Texas, Department of Sociology, 1343 Burdine
Hall, Austin, TX 78712. E-mail: buckley@prc.utexas.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
