Studies and documentary statements relating to governmental policy as it affects population.
Studies relating primarily to national and international population policies and development assistance for population activities. Studies of policies affecting the quality of populations that are not covered by L.4. Demographic Factors and Human Genetics are classified under this heading.
64:10730 Kojima, Hiroshi.
Determinants of attitudes toward population aging in Japan.
Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, Vol. 52, No. 2, Jul
1996. 1-16 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng. with sum. in Jpn.
"This
study...[explores] the changing determinants of attitudes toward
projected population aging and possible acceptance of alternative
population policies to slow it down in Japan." Differences in
attitudes between 1990 and 1995 are analyzed, with a focus on support
for immigration policy and pronatalist policy. Determinants considered
include age, sex, marital status, education, occupation, and place of
residence.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10731 Murthy, Nirmala.
Implementing population and reproductive health programme: how can
NGOs help? In: Population policy and reproductive health, edited
by K. Srinivasan. 1996. 305-15 pp. Hindustan Publishing Corporation:
New Delhi, India. In Eng.
"While India's FW [family welfare]
programme has many strengths such as its size and number of services
provided, its main weakness has been the poor quality of
services....The Government of India decided to change this
strategy...and to focus instead on improving health status of
women....Since many Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) have
experience of delivering reproductive health services, they will be
expected to help to implement this programme. What help can the NGOs
realistically give? Can they transfer some of their skills to the
government set-up? If so, in what way?"
Correspondence:
N. Murthy, Foundation for Research in Health Systems, 6 Gurukrupa,
183 Azad Society, Ahmedabad 380 015, India. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10732 Sahay, K. B. Need for a
sound population policy. In: Population policy and reproductive
health, edited by K. Srinivasan. 1996. 316-28 pp. Hindustan Publishing
Corporation: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
The author evaluates
population policy in India and critiques the work of an expert
committee established in 1993 to formulate and draft a national policy.
Aspects considered include literacy and population control,
authoritarianism versus cooperation, and gender
inequity.
Correspondence: K. B. Sahay, Indian Institute of
Technology, Centre for Biomedical Engineering, New Delhi 110 016,
India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Government policies aimed at directly influencing fertility and nuptiality, and policies with an indirect effect on fertility such as family allowances, pregnancy and maternity benefits, infant welfare measures, and government regulation of fertility controls, including abortion.
64:10733 Czarnowski, Gabriele.
Hereditary and racial welfare (Erb- und Rassenpflege): the politics
of sexuality and reproduction in Nazi Germany. Social Politics,
Vol. 4, No. 1, Spring 1997. 114-35 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Political control of sexuality and reproduction was crucial
in National Socialism for producing a homogeneous society of same-race,
genetically and physically healthy citizens. As a result, Nazi racial
policies were directed not only at undesired minorities but, as the
main argument of this paper, at the entire society--albeit with
extremely diverging consequences for the men and women affected,
depending on the different racial political aims. The consequences
arising from bureaucratic classification and medical assessment are
examined more closely in the cases of prohibitions on marriage and
sexual relations, as well as with respect to abortion
policies."
Correspondence: G. Czarnowski, Free
University of Berlin, 1000 Berlin, Germany. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
64:10734 Gauthier, Anne H.; Hatzius,
Jan. Family benefits and fertility: an econometric
analysis. Population Studies, Vol. 51, No. 3, Nov 1997. 295-306
pp. London, England. In Eng.
"This paper addresses the
question of whether higher governmental support for families has a
positive effect on fertility by encouraging parents to have more
children. The analysis is based on data for 22 industrialized countries
and covers the period 1970 to 1990. Data are analysed using a
fixed-effect econometric model with the sum of age-specific fertility
rates as the dependent variable. The results show that family
allowances have a positive and significant effect on fertility, while
maternity leave benefits have no significant effect. Increasing the
value of family allowances by 25 per cent would result in an 0.6 per
cent increase in fertility level in the short run. In the long run this
effect would be of the order of 4 per cent, or about 0.07 children per
woman on average."
Correspondence: A. H. Gauthier,
Oxford University, Department of Applied Social Studies and Social
Research, Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10735 Hoem, Britta; Hoem, Jan M.
Sweden's family policies and roller-coaster fertility. Jinko
Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, Vol. 52, No. 3-4, Nov
1996. 1-22 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"Sweden has experienced
dramatic waves in its fertility level over the last three decades. The
Swedish TFR dropped from almost 2.5 in the mid-1960s to about 1.7
around 1980 and then increased again to above the replacement level in
1990, after which it fell back to below 1.7 over the subsequent six
years. In this paper, we describe the various birth-order components of
these waves in some detail and relate them to correspondingly dramatic
economic trends and to progressive family-policy
reforms."
Correspondence: B. Hoem, Statistics Sweden,
Program on Demography, Children and the Family, 115 81 Stockholm,
Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10736 King, Leslie; Meyer, Madonna
H. The politics of reproductive benefits: U.S. insurance
coverage of contraceptive and infertility treatments. Gender and
Society, Vol. 11, No. 1, Feb 1997. 8-30 pp. Thousand Oaks, California.
In Eng.
"Recent changes in access to contraceptive and
infertility treatments in the state of Illinois, and across the United
States more generally, have heightened class cleavages in access to
reproductive health care benefits in the United States. Using data
gleaned from government testimonies, public documents, and telephone
interviews, the authors found that poor women have broad access to
contraceptive coverage but very little access to infertility
treatments, while working- and middle-class women have increasingly
broad coverage of infertility treatments but spare coverage of
contraceptives. These findings suggest that while the extreme measures
of the eugenics movement are less frequently in evidence, class
differences in access to reproductive services lead to an equally
dualistic, albeit unstated, fertility policy in the United States:
encouraging births among working- and middle-class families and
discouraging births along the poor, particularly those on
Medicaid."
Correspondence: L. King, University of
Illinois, Department of Sociology, 326 Lincoln Hall, 702 South Wright
Street, Urbana, IL 61801. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
64:10737 Ladd-Taylor, Molly.
Saving babies and sterilizing mothers: eugenics and welfare
politics in the interwar United States. Social Politics, Vol. 4,
No. 1, Spring 1997. 136-53 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This
article compares government-funded maternal and child health services
with compulsory sterilization, two `eugenic' policies that rationalized
reproduction in the United States from the 1910s to the 1930s. As
Progressive Era reforms...both were based on the optimistic belief that
society could be improved through science and `expert' intervention.
Yet they rested on very different ideas about the state's
responsibility for social welfare. A comparison of the `baby-saving'
and sterilization movements highlights the welfare, as opposed to
racial (or even eugenic), function of compulsory sterilization in the
United States. The association between sterilization and reducing
welfare costs was undoubtedly one reason that sterilization programs
achieved more lasting success in the United States than
government-funded public health services."
Correspondence:
M. Ladd-Taylor, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 2R7, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
64:10738 Petersen, William.
Parents vs. state. American Scholar, Vol. 66, No. 1, Winter
1997. 121-7 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author reviews the
history of birth control and state attempts to control fertility
throughout the world. "For the past century there has been a war
between prospective parents and state bureaucracies over who shall
decide on the size of families. First in Europe, then in the Third
World, fierce battles have been fought, and the state won rather few of
them."
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
64:10739 Scharping, Thomas; Heuser,
Robert. Family planning in China. Analyses, data,
documents. [Geburtenplanung in China. Analysen, Daten, Dokumente.]
Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde Hamburg, No. 250, ISBN
3-88910-151-8. 1995. 388 pp. Institut für Asienkunde: Hamburg,
Germany. In Ger.
This volume contains four essays by various
authors on aspects of family planning in China. The first is on China's
assumption of legislative responsibility for family planning. The
second is on China's one-child policy from 1978 to 1994 and covers the
policy's goals, its development, and its changing applications, as well
as enforcement problems, evaluation, public reactions, and demographic
impact. The third is a detailed study of the one-child policy as
implemented in the province of Heilongjiang and its capital, Harbin.
The fourth essay discusses the relatively small role played by the
one-child policy in the literature by Chinese female writers. An
appendix containing 13 documents is included; they are translated texts
of the one-child laws as implemented in various administrative entities
in China.
Correspondence: Institut für Asienkunde,
Rothenbaumchaussee 32, 20148 Hamburg, Germany. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10740 Tian, Xueyuan.
Population control, the "three combinations", and
sustainable development. Chinese Journal of Population Science,
Vol. 9, No. 2, 1997. 141-50 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"The swift implementation of the `three combinations' policy
as part of the population control program in China's rural areas in
recent years has opened up a new avenue to population control and
sustainable development, warranting theoretical study based on the
ample experience obtained so that the future of the `three
combinations' policy and population control can be predicated on solid
ground....The theory advocates the combination of family planning with
rural economic development, improvement of farmers' livelihoods, and
promotion of family values."
Correspondence: X. Tian,
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Demographics, 5
Jianguomen Nei Da Jie 5 Hao, Beijing, China. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10741 Usborne, Cornelie.
Rhetoric and resistance: rationalization of reproduction in Weimar
Germany. Social Politics, Vol. 4, No. 1, Spring 1997. 65-89 pp.
Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper deals with
rationalization of reproduction as a subject of public discourse and a
basis of policy-making in Weimar Germany. Rhetoric and policy-making
consisted of a three-pronged attempt to `rationalize' reproduction:
firstly by regulating fertility according to the `scientific'
principles of eugenics, secondly by the diffusion of modern and
scientifically tested contraceptive technology under strict medical
supervision, and thirdly by outlawing lay medical practitioners from
birth control decisions. In practice there was considerable resistance
to these strategies. Older forms of fertility control continued, and
lay abortionists remained popular. This seemed to undermine the utopia
of medical-scientific progress and rationalized
reproduction."
Correspondence: C. Usborne, Roehampton
Institute, London, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
64:10742 Wang, Gabe T. China's
population control policy. China Report, Vol. 32, No. 2, Apr-Jun
1996. 141-58 pp. New Delhi, India. In Eng.
"China's population
policy and its implementation have often been criticised and condemned
but seldom fully understood. Many scholars who study China's population
policy and its implementation have often ignored the unique social and
historical factors which have made it possible for the Chinese
government not only to adopt but also to implement such a unique
policy. This paper attempts to study these factors in the
country." Aspects considered include overpopulation and economic
development, support for population control, religion, women's status,
China's tightly organized society, strong peer pressure, and
established policy-implementing organizations.
Correspondence:
G. T. Wang, Morehead State University, Department of Sociology,
Morehead, KY 40351. Location: Princeton University Library
(PR).
Government policies relating to emigration, immigration, and population resettlement. See also the appropriate categories under H. Migration that include general studies also covering policy issues.
64:10743 Angenendt, Steffen.
German migration policy in the new Europe. [Deutsche
Migrationspolitik im neuen Europa.] ISBN 3-8100-1909-7. 1997. 157 pp.
Leske und Budrich: Opladen, Germany. In Ger.
The author analyzes
the challenges and opportunities that immigration poses for Germany. He
first describes past and future migration trends into Germany,
discussing their causes and the issues they raise; next, the 1992
legislation on refugees (the "asylum compromise") is
examined. Finally, a framework for future German migration policy is
articulated, taking into account the issues of integration, domestic
security, foreign policy, institutional aspects, and the realities of
managing immigration. The author suggests that any future German
immigration policy should include quotas as well as a right to asylum,
measures to integrate and naturalize immigrants, and efforts to
increase public acceptance. Recent immigration from the former
Yugoslavia is used as an example.
Correspondence: Leske und
Budrich, Gerhart-Hauptmann-Straße 27, Postfach 300406, 5090
Leverkusen 3, Germany. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
64:10744 Birrell, Bob; Healy, Ernest.
Globalisation and temporary entry. People and Place, Vol. 5,
No. 4, 1997. 43-52 pp. Clayton, Australia. In Eng.
"Beginning
on 1 August 1996 the Australian Government implemented a radical
deregulation of temporary entry provisions governing foreign persons
working in Australia on contracts of three months to four years. The
result has been a significant increase in the numbers visaed,
particularly on-shore, plus evidence that the program is being
exploited in ways inconsistent with the Government's
objectives."
Correspondence: B. Birrell, Monash
University, Centre for Population and Urban Research, Clayton, Victoria
3168, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10745 Blaise, Pierre; Coenen,
Marie-Thérèse; Dresse, Renée; de Coorebyter,
Vincent; Kesteloot, Christian; Leunda, Javier; Lewin, Rosine; Mangot,
Thérèse; Martiniello, Marco; Ouali, Nouria; Peleman,
Kathleen; Rea, Andrea; Roesems, Truus; Vandemeulebroucke,
Martine. Belgium and its immigrants: missing
policies. [La Belgique et ses immigrés: les politiques
manquées.] ISBN 2-8041-2553-X. 1997. 263 pp. De Boeck
Université: Brussels, Belgium. In Fre.
This book examines
Belgian policy toward immigrants since 1974, when the recruitment of
foreign workers to fill Belgian labor force needs came to an end. The
authors investigate whether Belgium has had a recognizable immigration
policy, or even a clear policy on the integration and assimilation of
resident foreign workers in the country. The problems posed by the
inability of foreigners to obtain Belgian citizenship, the inequalities
of opportunity for foreigners in the workplace, and the absence of
social policies designed to help immigrants in the areas of culture,
religion, or education are discussed. The authors suggest that the
first step toward solving immigrant-related problems is to encourage
and simplify the process whereby resident foreigners can obtain Belgian
citizenship.
Correspondence: De Boeck Université,
203 avenue Louise, Boîte 1, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10746 Leliveld, André.
The effects of restrictive South African migrant labor policy on
the survival of rural households in southern Africa: a case study from
rural Swaziland. World Development, Vol. 25, No. 11, Nov 1997.
1,839-49 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Using survey data from
Swaziland, this article investigates how a possible restrictive South
African migrant labor policy might affect the survival of rural
households in Swaziland. The main finding is that in the short run
relatively `young' households, with few working members and a weak
economic position in the local rural economy, are among the most
vulnerable. In the long run the survival of most Swazi households with
migrants in South Africa will be at stake given the meager prospects
for returning migrants to find employment in
Swaziland."
Correspondence: A. Leliveld, Vrije
Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1105 HV Amsterdam,
Netherlands. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
64:10747 Liu, Xiao-Feng; Norcliffe,
Glen. Closed windows, open doors: geopolitics and
post-1949 Mainland Chinese immigration to Canada. Canadian
Geographer/Géographe Canadien, Vol. 40, No. 4, Winter 1996.
306-19 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"Since
1949 there have been dramatic changes in the flow of migrants from
Mainland China to Canada, which existing structural models of
migration, emphasizing factors in the destination country, do not fully
capture. Conditions in the country of origin, and geopolitical
relationships between China and Canada, played a decisive role in this
migration....Changing geopolitical circumstances led China to develop
an open-door policy between 1973 and 1989, leading to increasing flows
of migrants to Canada. The political response in Canada to the
Tiananmen Square massacre of 1989 was to allow all Chinese students and
workers in Canada to stay, if they so wished....The result was a large
inflow making MCIS the third-largest group of immigrants to Canada in
the early 1990s."
Correspondence: X.-F. Liu, York
University, Department of Geography, 4700 Keele Street, North York,
Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
64:10748 McDonald, John; Richards,
Eric. The great emigration of 1841: recruitment for New
South Wales in British emigration fields. Population Studies, Vol.
51, No. 3, Nov 1997. 337-55 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"In
1841 the colony of New South Wales offered an unprecedented number of
heavily subsidised passages to British emigrants. It sought specific
categories, particularly single young women, domestic servants, and
agricultural labourers. The colony preferred English and Scottish rural
immigrants....While the influence of the selection criteria, as well as
local factors, was pronounced, this paper argues that the recruitment
also expressed the changing propensities to emigrate within the regions
of the British Isles. In particular it demonstrated the willingness of
young Irish women to emigrate where facilities were provided to
overcome their poverty. The immigration of 1841 was a turning point for
Australia: it was the largest recruitment before the gold rushes of the
1850s and already signaled some of the main characteristics of
Australian immigration history."
Correspondence: J.
McDonald, Flinders University of South Australia, Department of
Economics, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10749 Oellers-Frahm, Karin; Zimmermann,
Andreas. France's and Germany's constitutional changes and
their impact on migration law: policy and practice. German
Yearbook of International Law/Jahrbuch für Internationales Recht,
Vol. 38, 1995. 249-83 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"States
such as France and Germany, which [in the past have] granted a nearly
identically formulated fundamental right of asylum, were in times of a
general restrictive immigration policy the destination of large numbers
of refugees....In order to cope with [immigration] problems France and
Germany adopted stricter legislation. Reform was even more urgently
needed because with the creation of a common European internal market,
controls at the interior borders between the Member States of the
European Union were de facto abolished....These developments
have...initiated a constitutional conflict in France and Germany due to
their respective guarantee of the right of asylum as a fundamental
right. The solution of this conflict in both States and the
consequences resulting therefrom shall be treated in [this
article]."
Correspondence: K. Oellers-Frahm,
Max-Planck-Institut für Ausländisches Öffentliches Recht
und Völkerrecht, Heidelberg, Germany. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
64:10750 Papademetriou, Demetrios G.;
Yale-Loehr, Stephen. Balancing interests: rethinking U.S.
selection of skilled immigrants. International Migration Policy
Program, No. 4, ISBN 0-87003-107-4. LC 96-8165. 1996. xv, 214 pp.
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Washington, D.C.
Distributed by Brookings Institution, Department 029, Washington, D.C.
20041-0029. In Eng.
This study examines the selection of people
admitted to the United States under the work-related categories of the
U.S. immigration system. The contribution of both permanent and
temporary economic-stream immigrants to the U.S. economy is first
discussed. The authors outline the inadequacies of the present system
in selecting the kind of foreign workers the country needs. Some
alternative systems, such as the points systems used by Canada and
Australia, are suggested as preferable to the current U.S. system; the
details of a modified points system adapted to U.S. economic and
labor-market realities are spelled out. The authors suggest that the
proposed system will "help U.S. businesses to remain competitive
in the global economy by facilitating access to the best foreign
talent; (b) help U.S. workers by increasing opportunities for more and
better jobs while protecting them from unfair competition; and (c) help
immigrants to get a fair return on their investments in their own
skills and expertise."
Correspondence: Carnegie
Endowment for International Peace, 2400 N Street NW, Washington, D.C.
20037. E-mail: ceip@igc.apc.org. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
64:10751 Papademetriou, Demetrios G.;
Hamilton, Kimberly A. Converging paths to restriction:
French, Italian, and British responses to immigration.
International Migration Policy Program, No. 3, ISBN 0-87003-073-6.
1996. 89 pp. Carnegie Endowment for International Peace: Washington,
D.C. Distributed by Brookings Institution, Department 029, Washington,
D.C. 20041-0029. In Eng.
"In this study, [the authors] focus
on how France, Italy, and the United Kingdom are responding to the
complex issues raised by immigration and asylum matters. They explore
the often trial-and-error character of governmental responses to these
issues, the absence of main stream political-party leadership, and the
growing disjuncture between initiatives motivated by increasingly
restrictionist impulses and practical efforts to further the immigrant
integration at the local level."
Correspondence:
Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 2400 N Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20037. E-mail: ceip@igc.apc.org. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10752 Simcox, David. Major
predictors of immigration restrictionism: operationalizing
"nativism" Population and Environment, Vol. 19, No. 2,
Nov 1997. 129-43 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This study
set out to identify, operationalize and assess the principal components
of `nativism' as it shapes immigration restrictionism [in the United
States]. Three major attitudinal clusters were defined as constituting
nativism: (a) perceptions of immigration as a threat to the culture and
prerogatives of the dominant group; (b) negative perceptions of racial
minorities, foreign and domestic; and (c) attitudes of alienation and
distrust in the population....The clearest message of this study is
that people favor immigration reduction because they feel threatened
and that much of their sense of threat involves very practical
interests of jobs, taxes and security from
crime."
Correspondence: D. Simcox, Migration
Demographics, 9835 Timberwood Circle, Louisville, KY 40223.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10753 Stevens, Christine.
Balancing obligations and self-interest: humanitarian program
settlers in the Australian labor market. Asian and Pacific
Migration Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1997. 185-212 pp. Quezon City,
Philippines. In Eng.
"Technological and structural changes in
the Australian economy have led to a decline in unskilled and
semi-skilled employment and this has had a marked effect on labor
market opportunities for immigrants....This paper reviews the labor
market experience of humanitarian program arrivals and considers the
policy implications of high levels of unemployment among this group. It
is suggested that humanitarian obligations do not end with entry to
Australia, and it is in the interests of the receiving society and
humanitarian program arrivals for greater public investment in skills
development to help improve labor market outcomes among this
group."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10754 Thränhardt, Dietrich.
Europe--a new immigration continent: policies and politics in
comparative perspective. Studien zu Migration und
Minderheiten/Studies in Migration and Minorities, 2nd ed. Vol. 1, ISBN
3-89473-362-4. 1996. 281 pp. Lit: Münster, Germany. In Eng.
This volume contains a selection of papers by various authors on
the problems facing Western European nations as they struggle to come
to terms with their new situation as countries of immigration. In
particular, the models and policies of several European countries,
including Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom, are
examined in a comparative framework. Attention is given to the efforts
to harmonize visa arrangements within the European Union, and to the
debate over the Schengen agreement aimed at eliminating border controls
within the Union.
Correspondence: Lit Verlag,
Dieckstraße 73, 48145 Münster, Germany. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10755 Thränhardt, Dietrich.
European migration from East to West: present patterns and future
directions. New Community, Vol. 22, No. 2, Apr 1996. 227-42 pp.
Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"Present-day migration control is
largely a social and political construction, it cannot explain the
patterns and processes of East-West migration. Western anxieties have
been misleading, and are used as a substitute for the fears of the Cold
War period. In reality, the rich countries of Western Europe have
largely been able to control their borders and define the sort of
immigration they want to accept....Compared to the USA, the regulated
European economies provide more internal controls allowing a gradual
opening of the borders to the East. Such a system is more sophisticated
than a mere reliance on border controls. However, it is only feasible
in a peaceful setting of emergent
consensus."
Correspondence: D. Thränhardt,
Westfälische Wilhelms Universität, Institute of Political
Science, Schlossplatz 2, 48149 Münster, Germany. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
64:10756 Winckler, Onn. The
immigration policy of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) states.
Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 33, No. 3, Jul 1997. 480-93 pp. London,
England. In Eng.
"The main objectives of this article are to
identify the government policies and their implications for the size
and composition of the foreign populations in [Gulf Cooperation Council
States]....Despite the economic recession in the Gulf countries
following the sharp reduction in oil prices since 1986, and especially
in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia after the Iraqi invasion, it seems that the
need for large numbers of foreign workers in the GCC countries will
remain, at least for the short term...."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SY).
64:10757 Wong, Diana. Transience
and settlement: Singapore's foreign labor policy. Asian and
Pacific Migration Journal, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1997. 135-67 pp. Quezon City,
Philippines. In Eng.
"Foreigners constitute 15 percent of the
population and over 20 percent of the labor force in Singapore....This
large foreign labor force is managed by a comprehensive and highly
selective foreign labor policy, which is described in this paper. The
strict enforcement of a guestworker policy of transience on the one
hand, and the liberal encouragement of settlement on the other, are the
twin pillars of this policy. Seen originally as a dispensable appendage
to a labor-scarce economy, foreign labor has now become integral to the
economic and increasingly, population policy of the country, as
evidenced by the recent announcement of a national policy to `attract
foreign talent'."
Correspondence: D. Wong, Institute
of Southeast Asian Studies, Heng Mui Keng Terrace, Pasir Panjang,
Singapore 0511. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
64:10758 Zhang, Zhiliang; Zhang, Tao; Zhang,
Qian. A study on migration from impoverished mountainous
areas as part of the help-the-poor program. Chinese Journal of
Population Science, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1997. 151-60 pp. New York, New York.
In Eng.
The authors investigate the encouragement of migration from
impoverished areas of China. Factors prompting migration are examined,
including natural conditions, psychological factors, policies,
occupations, and benefits to areas of origin and destination. A
theoretical framework for migration as part of the country's poverty
alleviation program is presented.
Correspondence: Z. Zhang,
Lanzhou University, Academy of Social Development, 78 Tianshui Road,
730000 Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
