Studies concerned with the relations between population factors as a whole and noneconomic factors. Relations affecting a single demographic variable are coded under the variable concerned and not in this division. Studies concerned equally with economic and social factors are coded under K.1.1. General Economic Development and Population.
Studies on interrelations with education, religion, social change, and socioeconomic status.
63:30683 Corijn, Martine.
Transition into adulthood in Flanders: results from the Fertility
and Family Survey 1991-92. NIDI CBGS Publications, No. 32, ISBN
90-403-0068-2. 1996. [xii], 216 pp. Vlaamse Gemeenschap: Brussels,
Belgium. In Eng.
The transition into adulthood in Flemish-speaking
Belgium is analyzed using data from a survey of some 5,000 men and
women born between 1951 and 1970. "The transition into adulthood
is broken down into eight events as far as they happen for the first
time: sexual intercourse, start of a steady partnership, leaving the
parental home, cohabitation, marriage, birth of a child, end of
schooling and entry into the labour force. The timing and sequence of
these events are spelled out in detail. Over the cohorts most of these
events no longer coincide and have become less age dependent. The core
of the book consists of analyses (loglinear models) of the timing of
the transition into adulthood using three kinds of determinants: the
experiences in the parental home, the parallel careers and current
characteristics. The transition into adulthood in Flanders is
highlighted by comparisons with other Western European
countries."
Correspondence: Centrum voor Bevolkings-
en Gezinsstudien, Ministerie van de Vlaamse Gemeenschap, Markiesstraat
1, 1000 Brussels, Belgium. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30684 Factor, Haim; Habib, Jack.
A model of the impact of immigration on health and social service
expenditures for the elderly. Public Finance/Finances Publiques,
Vol. 48, Suppl., 1993. 147-77 pp. The Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Immigration, primarily from the former Soviet Union, has
swelled the population of Israel by 10% between 1990 and 1993 and total
population growth by the end of the decade is expected to be over 30%.
The research presented here represents part of a larger effort to
project needs and costs for the entire population in order to assist
health and social welfare services in planning and resource allocation.
The paper presents an overview of the current demographic situation in
Israel, a theoretical model for estimating the growth in needs, and
estimates of needs and costs for services for the elderly population
based upon this model."
Correspondence: H. Factor,
JDC-Brookdale Institute of Gerontology and Human Development, P.O. Box
3478, Jerusalem, Israel. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund
Library, Washington, D.C.
63:30685 France. Institut National de la
Statistique et des Etudes Economiques [INSEE] (Paris, France).
An annual review of the retired: results for 1995. [Suivi
annuel des retraites: résultats 1995.] Statistique Publique, No.
9, ISBN 2-11-066557-2. Mar 1997. 210 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
This is the first in a planned series of annual reports which will
provide information on levels and trends in pensions and in the retired
population of France. This first report concentrates on five of the
country's major pension systems, which are analyzed
separately.
Correspondence: Institut National de la
Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, 18 boulevard Adolphe Pinard,
75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30686 Gauthier, Hervé; Duchesne,
Louis; Jean, Sylvie; Laroche, Denis; Nobert, Yves. From
one generation to another: changes in living conditions, Volume 1.
[D'une génération à l'autre: évolution des
conditions de vie, Volume 1.] ISBN 2-551-17785-5. Jul 1997. 257 pp.
Bureau de la Statistique du Québec: Quebec, Canada. In Fre.
This study examines how life is changing in the Canadian province
of Quebec by analyzing changing living conditions from one generation
to the next. This first volume deals with the topics of age and sex
distribution, families and households, education, the professions,
income, social mobility, and interdependence between generations in the
context of demographic aging and related social
expenditures.
Correspondence: Bureau de la Statistique du
Québec, 200 chemin Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Quebec G1R 5T4, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30687 Morocco. Centre d'Etudes et de
Recherches Démographiques [CERED] (Rabat, Morocco).
Social security and socioeconomic development.
[Sécurité sociale et développement
socio-économique.] Etudes Démographiques, 1997. 340 pp.
Rabat, Morocco. In Fre.
This report examines the social security
system in Morocco in the context of the country's current demographic
and socioeconomic situation. The first part describes the existing
social security system and its limitations. The second part examines
how the country's demographic trends and socioeconomic development
efforts affect the social security system. The report notes that the
current system covers about 61% of the salaried population, or about
31% of the total population.
Correspondence: Centre
d'Etudes et de Recherches Démographiques, B.P. 178, Avenue
Maâ el Ainine, Rabat, Morocco. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30688 Riley, Nancy E. Gender,
power, and population change. Population Bulletin, Vol. 52, No. 1,
May 1997. 48 pp. Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author explores "the connections between gender and the
levels and trends in fertility and mortality. [The] goal is to
highlight how gender interacts with population processes in the less
industrialized world. The focus is on fertility and mortality, although
the third source of population change--migration--is intricately
connected with gender as well."
Correspondence:
Population Reference Bureau, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite
520, Washington, D.C. 20009-5728. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30689 Trompf, Garry W. The
attitudes and involvement of religions in population planning. In:
Population and global security: environmental challenges II, edited by
Nicholas Polunin and Mohammad Nazim. 1994. 175-204 pp. Foundation for
Environmental Conservation: Geneva, Switzerland; Energy and Environment
Society of Pakistan: Lahore, Pakistan. In Eng.
"As the world
of religions embraces the issues of life and death so strongly, we
quite naturally ask what sorts of attitudes are to be found among them
concerning the current population explosion, and what involvement do
the adherents of religions have in addressing this enormous
crisis?" The forms and types of religious life are reviewed, and
responses of religions to population issues are examined. The author
outlines official statements of world faiths, and also discusses
popular and unofficial attitudes of these faiths. The involvement in
population issues of new, surrogate, and quasi-religions is
considered.
Correspondence: G. W. Trompf, University of
Sydney, School of Studies in Religion, John Woolley Building, Sydney,
NSW 2006, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30690 Welti, Carlos.
Population dynamics and social change in Latin America.
[Dinámica demográfica y cambio social en América
Latina.] Estudios Latinoamericanos, Vol. 3, No. 5, Jan-Jun 1996. 143-60
pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"Given the
current necessity to forecast the medium and long range scenarios in
Latin America, sociological analyses of demographic trends have become
very relevant. Welti argues that it is essential to reflect upon the
relationship between population and development. This is even more
critical now that all seems to revolve around the search for growth via
structural adjustment. The author analyzes the present demographic
setting in Latin America and the impact of demographic policies
undertaken within structural adjustment."
Correspondence:
C. Welti, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,
Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510
Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Location: New York Public Library,
New York, NY.
63:30691 Zeng, Yi. China's agenda
for an old-age insurance program in rural areas. Journal of Aging
and Social Policy, Vol. 6, No. 4, 1994. 101-14 pp. Binghamton, New
York. In Eng.
"Based on a field study conducted in August 1993
by the author [in Shangdong Province], this article discusses the
experimental program of old-age insurance in rural areas of China. The
achievements made so far, the feasibility of old-age insurance in rural
areas, and the problems encountered by the program are discussed.
Policy recommendations regarding maintenance of the value of the
premium, legislation, management of the program, and continuation of
the family support system are proposed. It is emphasized that China
urgently needs to establish a universal old-age insurance program and
other social support services for the
elderly."
Correspondence: Haworth Press, 10 Alice
Street, Binghampton, NY 13904-1580. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
Studies on the political aspects of population growth, including the demographic impact of war.
63:30692 Eberhardt, Piotr. The
demographic consequences of famine in Ukraine in the twentieth
century. [Konsekwencje demograficzne wielkiego glodu na Ukrainie w
latach trzydziestych XX wieku.] Czasopismo Geograficzne/Geographical
Journal, Vol. 65, No. 3-4, 1994. 275-90 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
with sum. in Eng.
"The demographic situation of [the]
Ukrainian SSR in the thirties is [analyzed]...based on 1926 National
Census and 1937 National Census....It was attempted to determine as
precisely as possible the demographic losses caused by collectivization
of Ukrainian agriculture. Dispossession of wealthy peasants,
deportation and famine resulted in [the] death of several million
persons....The author discusses the political, national and social
consequences of this great demographic
catastrophe."
Correspondence: P. Eberhardt, PAN
Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania, Krakowskie
Przedmiescie 30, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland. Location: University
of Michigan Library, Ann Arbor, MI.
63:30693 Grossman, Herschel I.; Iyigun, Murat
F. Population increase at the end of colonialism.
Economica, Vol. 64, No. 255, Aug 1997. 483-93 pp. Oxford, England. In
Eng.
"Between 1946 and 1976, the European powers granted
independence to all of their large colonies in Africa and Southeast
Asia. This paper attempts to provide an economic explanation for this
remarkable ending to the era of colonialism. The main theoretical
innovation is to consider the effect of population increase on the
allocation of time by the indigenous population between productive and
subversive activities. The analysis suggests that the increase in
population during the colonial period increased the potential private
return to subversive activity until the colonies became a net burden on
the metropolitan governments. It also suggests that there was less
subversive activity in colonies in which the market for indigenous
labour was monopsonized because monopsonistic employers internalized
the potential negative effect of subversive activity on net
profits."
Correspondence: H. I. Grossman, Brown
University, Providence, RI 02912. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
63:30694 Hewitt, B. G.
Demographic manipulation in the Caucasus (with special reference to
Georgia). Journal of Refugee Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1995. 48-74
pp. Eynsham, England. In Eng.
The author discusses political
developments in the Caucasus region since the collapse of the Soviet
Union. The focus is on the events in Georgia that led to the war in
South Ossetia (particularly in Abkhazia), and the author suggests that
this development is the latest in a 200-year history of demographic
manipulation of minority peoples by the region's two major powers,
Russia and Georgia. Parallels are drawn between the Georgian war in
Abkhazia and Russia's war in Chechenia. The author questions the value
of the principle of territorial integrity, and suggests that
alternative principles safeguarding the rights of ethnic minorities
would be more appropriate in these
circumstances.
Correspondence: B. G. Hewitt, University of
London, School of Oriental and African Studies, Thornhaugh Street,
Russell Square, London WC1H 0XG, England. Location: Cornell
University Library, Ithaca, NY.
63:30695 Olcott, Martha B. How
new the new Russia? Demographic upheavals in Central Asia. Orbis,
Vol. 40, No. 4, Fall 1996. 537-55 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut. In Eng.
The demographic impact of the collapse of the Soviet Union on the
new states of Central Asia is examined. The focus is on the choice
faced by the population of Russian origin: whether to stay in the new
countries with their increasing emphasis on local languages, religions,
and other factors, or to migrate to Russia. The author also reviews the
shifting needs and interests of the states concerned, which will both
be driven by and magnify these demographic changes. "Although the
time of the urgent migration of populations in and out of Central Asia
seems to be nearing a close, the slower demographic adjustments wrought
by increasing age, comparative birth rates, and the need of maturing
young people to seek education and employment will continue. As a
result of such changes, the Central Asian states of a decade hence will
be strikingly dissimilar both from what they are today and from one
another, as each state evolves its own distinctive
character."
Correspondence: M. B. Olcott, Carnegie
Endowment for International Peace, 11 Dupont Circle, Washington, D.C.
20036-1207. Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
63:30696 Sirageldin, Ismail.
Population dynamics, environment, and conflict. In:
Population, environment, and development, edited by R. K. Pachauri and
Lubina F. Qureshy. 1997. 249-83 pp. Tata Energy Research Institute
[TERI]: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
"The purpose of the present
paper is to investigate the role of...basic demographic phenomena as a
source of social and political conflict or disorder....The [aim] is to
examine the role population dynamics plays in influencing...adaptive
ability. Our main claim is that social and political conflict is a
function of the adaptive capacity of society. We argue further that the
effect of population change on society's adaptive capacity is context
specific." Aspects considered include population trends and the
demographic system; modeling population change and conflict; the role
of the state; and empirical illustrations examining the links between
population change and the resources of water and
cropland.
Correspondence: I. Sirageldin, Kuwait Institute
for Scientific Research, P.O. Box 24885, 13109 Safat, Kuwait.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies on nutrition and health, including psychological aspects and sex behavior. Studies that are concerned with the impact of these factors on fertility are coded under F.5. Factors Other Than Contraception Affecting Fertility.
63:30697 Ahluwalia, Indu B.; Grummer-Strawn,
Laurence; Scanlon, Kelley S. Exposure to environmental
tobacco smoke and birth outcome: increased effects on pregnant women
aged 30 years or older. American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol.
146, No. 1, Jul 1, 1997. 42-7 pp. Baltimore, Maryland. In Eng.
"The purposes of this study were to examine the association
between self-reported environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure during
pregnancy and birth weight, prematurity, and small-for-gestational age
infants and to determine whether these associations differ by maternal
age. Data from the [U.S.] Pregnancy Nutrition Surveillance System from
two states that collected data on both passive and active smoking for
the period 1989-1994 were analyzed....The mean adjusted birth weight
among infants of nonsmoking mothers age 30 years or older was 90 g less
among infants exposed to ETS than among infants not exposed. No
significant association was found among infants of younger nonsmoking
mothers. Similarly, the risks for low birth weight...and preterm
delivery...were elevated among older nonsmokers exposed to ETS, but not
among younger nonsmokers exposed to
ETS...."
Correspondence: I. B. Ahluwalia, Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Nutrition and Physical
Activity, Maternal and Child Health Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,
Mailstop K-25, Atlanta, GA 30341-3724. Location: Princeton
University Library (SZ).
63:30698 Aïach, Pierre.
Particular inequalities. [Des inégalités
particulières.] In: Santé et mortalité des enfants
en Europe: inégalités sociales d'hier et d'aujourd'hui,
edited by Godelieve Masuy-Stroobant, Catherine Gourbin, and Pierre
Buekens. 1996. 11-33 pp. Academia-Bruylant: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium;
L'Harmattan: Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"This
contribution...is divided into two main parts:...Using the examples of
[the] Soviet Union and France..., what is pointed out is the way and
the reason why health inequalities are denied, or/and converted
essentially into another issue: health care services [use] (supply and
accessibility). In the second part the similarities and differences in
social inequalities (mortality) between children and adults are
underlined and questions which seem important are raised: time of
appearance; differences between urban and rural areas; development of
social gaps in the process of time; significant factors of social
mortality according to age, period and
location."
Correspondence: P. Aïach, Institut
National de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 158,
Faculté de Médecine Necker, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75730
Paris Cedex 15, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30699 Andryszek, Czeslaw.
Assessment of health status of population in north and west Poland
on the basis of measures related to pollution and degradation of
environment. Trends in mortality. Polish Population Review, No. 8,
1996. 39-58 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Eng.
"The objective of this
study is to make a cross-sectional assessment of the health status of
the population inhabiting West and North Poland, using a set of
negative measures of health related to the intensity of environmental
factors, and to evaluate mortality trends in the same area that express
changes in the rate of morbidity leading to death....The measures
assumed in the analysis suggest that the population inhabiting 15
voivodeships in West and North Poland is characterised by a poorer
health status than in the other area, both urban and
rural."
Correspondence: C. Andryszek, Medical
University, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, ul.
Zachnodnia 81/83, 90-402 Lódz, Poland. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30700 Asowa-Omorodion, Francisca
I. Women's perceptions of the complications of pregnancy
and childbirth in two Esan communities, Edo state, Nigeria. Social
Science and Medicine, Vol. 44, No. 12, Jun 1997. 1,817-24 pp. Oxford,
England. In Eng.
"This paper examines the complications and
modes of treatment relating to pregnancy and delivery as perceived by
Esan women. Focus group discussions generated data for analysis. The
women identified miscarriage, separation of the placenta, haemorrhage,
obstructed labour, and the retention of the placenta as complications
experienced in pregnancy, labour or delivery. Of these complications,
haemorrhage was the most severe and devastating because it kills easily
owing to the amount of blood lost. However, two alternative modes of
treatment, traditional and modern are in use, the most prevalent,
cheapest, easier to obtain, and most trusted being the traditional mode
of treatment. A reduction in maternal mortality requires a number of
strategies. The most radical of these is the recommendation that both
traditional and modern treatments need to complement one another in the
same health institutions to ensure the maximal effectiveness of both
modes of treatment."
Correspondence: F. I.
Asowa-Omorodion, University of Benin, Department of Sociology and
Anthropology, P.M.B. 1154, Benin City, Nigeria. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30701 Baker, Jean; Martin, Luann; Piwoz,
Ellen. The time to act: women's nutrition and its
consequences for child survival and reproductive health in Africa.
[Le moment d'agir: nutrition de la femme et ses conséquences
pour la survie de l'enfant et la santé reproductive en Afrique.]
Dec 1996. viii, 36; [52] pp. U.S. Agency for International Development
[USAID]: Washington, D.C. In Eng; Fre.
"The purpose of this
paper is to demonstrate the need for interventions to improve female
nutrition [in Africa, concentrating]...primarily on interventions
delivered through the health sector. Women's nutrition is discussed
within the context of reproductive health....This paper identifies key
factors affecting nutritional status, examines conceptual and
implementation constraints that have undermined nutrition programs, and
recommends approaches for addressing women's nutritional problems in
sub-Saharan Africa." The impact on child survival is also
considered.
Correspondence: U.S. Agency for International
Development, 320 21st Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20523. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30702 Barer, Morris L.; Evans, Robert G.;
Hertzman, Clyde. Avalanche or glacier?: health care and
the demographic rhetoric. Canadian Journal on Aging/Revue
Canadienne du Vieillissement, Vol. 14, No. 2, Summer 1995. 193-224 pp.
Ottawa, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
Recent research on the
impact of an aging population on health care costs in the Canadian
province of British Columbia is examined. "The common finding of
this body of research is that population aging has accounted for very
little of the increase in health care costs over the past three
decades, in Canada or elsewhere. Health care utilization has increased
dramatically among seniors. But this has had less to do with the fact
that there are more of them, than with the fact that the health care
system is doing much more to (and for) them than was the case even a
decade ago. This suggests that the appropriate care of elderly people
should be a central issue for health care policy and management, but
that demographic issues are, in the short run at least, largely a red
herring."
Correspondence: M. L. Barer, University of
British Columbia, Centre for Health Services and Policy Research,
429-2194 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30703 Bobak, Martin; Skodova, Zdenka; Pisa,
Zbynek; Poledne, Rudolf; Marmot, Michael. Political
changes and trends in cardiovascular risk factors in the Czech
Republic, 1985-92. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health,
Vol. 51, No. 3, Jun 1997. 272-7 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The
authors "examine the trends in cardiovascular risk factors in
[the] Czech population over the last decade during which a major and
sudden change of the political and social system occurred in 1989, and
whether the trends differed in relation to age and educational
group....Total cholesterol and body mass index increased between 1985
and 1988 and decreased between 1988 and 1992. The prevalence of smoking
was declining slightly in men between 1985 and 1992 but remained stable
in women. There were only small changes in blood pressure....Although a
causal association cannot be claimed, national trends in foods
consumption are consistent with changes in blood lipids and
obesity."
Correspondence: M. Bobak, University College
London Medical School, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health,
Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30704 Charlton, John; Murphy,
Mike. The health of adult Britain, 1841-1994.
Decennial Supplement, No. 12 and 13, ISBN 0-11-691695-8. 1997. xii,
276; 254 pp. Office for National Statistics: London, England. In Eng.
This two-volume report consists of contributions by various experts
charting the changes in the health of the British population between
1841 and 1994. Volume 1 covers mortality, morbidity, and changes in the
factors which have influenced health. Topics include sources of data,
mortality trends, socioeconomic and demographic trends, changes in
diet, alcohol and drug-related diseases, smoking, family and household
structures, the environment, and medical advances. Volume 2 covers
diseases of particular organ systems, and mortality and morbidity in
selected population groups. Topics include communicable diseases,
sexually transmitted diseases including HIV/AIDS, cancers,
cardiovascular diseases, neurological diseases, asthma, bronchitis,
pneumonia, renal and digestive diseases, musculoskeletal disease,
accidents, and the health of the elderly.
Correspondence:
Office for National Statistics, 1 Drummond Gate, London SW1V 2QQ,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30705 Colditz, Graham A.; Hoaglin, David
C.; Berkey, Catherine S. Cancer incidence and mortality:
the priority of screening frequency and population coverage.
Milbank Quarterly, Vol. 75, No. 2, 1997. 147-73 pp. Malden,
Massachusetts. In Eng.
"We examine the criteria currently used
[in the United States] to evaluate the effectiveness of screening for
cancer and highlight issues on which the policy decisionmaking process
requires additional data. We focus on cancers of the cervix, breast,
and colon, as there is sufficient information about them to permit us
to discuss seriously the trade-off between screening frequency and
population coverage. We extend the approach of the U.S. Preventive
Services Task Force by also considering the trade-off between (a)
expending resources to achieve more complete coverage with a program
and (b) more frequent screening that, in all likelihood, entails
reduced coverage. Thus we ask, `Working within a constrained health
care budget, how do we achieve the greatest reduction in cancer
mortality?'"
Correspondence: G. A. Colditz, Harvard
University, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, MA 02138. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30706 Diez-Roux, Ana V.; Nieto, F. Javier;
Muntaner, Carles; Tyroler, Herman A.; Comstock, George W.; Shahar,
Eyal; Cooper, Lawton S.; Watson, Robert L.; Szklo, Moyses.
Neighborhood environments and coronary heart disease: a multilevel
analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 146, No. 1, Jul
1, 1997. 48-63 pp. Baltimore, Maryland. In Eng.
"The authors
investigated whether neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics are
associated with coronary heart disease prevalence and risk factors,
whether these associations persist after adjustment for
individual-level social class indicators, and whether the effects of
individual-level indicators vary across neighborhoods. The study sample
consisted of 12,601 persons in four U.S. communities...participating in
the baseline examination of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities
Study (1987-1989)....Living in deprived neighborhoods was associated
with increased prevalence of coronary heart disease and increased
levels of risk factors, with associations generally persisting after
adjustment for individual-level variables. Inconsistent associations
were documented for serum cholesterol and disease prevalence in
African-American men."
Correspondence: A. V.
Diez-Roux, Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center, Division of General
Medicine, 622 West 168th Street, PH 9 East 105, New York, NY 10032.
Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).
63:30707 D'Souza, Rennie M.
Housing and environmental factors and their effects on the health
of children in the slums of Karachi, Pakistan. Journal of
Biosocial Science, Vol. 29, No. 3, Jul 1997. 271-81 pp. Cambridge,
England. In Eng.
"To examine the association of environmental
factors (including housing) with respiratory infections and diarrhoea
in children under 5 years of age, a cross-sectional study of 403
families was conducted in a squatter settlement of Karachi [Pakistan].
In the 2-week period before the survey prevalence of diarrhoea and
respiratory infections was 14.4% and 15.0% respectively. The factors
significantly associated...with diarrhoea in households in the
multivariate analysis were: number of children under 5, regular
cleaning of sewers, storage of water in small utensils and cooking
inside a one room house....[The] results suggest that children under 5
years of age in lower income areas are at additional risk to health
because of poor environmental conditions."
Correspondence:
R. M. D'Souza, Aga Khan University, Department of Community Health
Sciences, Stadium Road, P.O. Box 3500, Karachi 74800, Pakistan.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30708 Eberstadt, Nicholas.
Daniel Patrick Moynihan, epidemiologist: a review essay on
Moynihan's Miles to go: a personal history of social policy.
Population and Development Review, Vol. 23, No. 2, Jun 1997. 405-24 pp.
New York, New York. In Eng.
In this review essay, the author
examines the contribution of Daniel P. Moynihan to the study of such
public health problems in the United States as violent crime, illicit
drug use, and traffic hazards. The focus is on the impact of these on
morbidity and mortality and the role of social policy in reducing this
impact.
Correspondence: N. Eberstadt, American Enterprise
Institute for Public Policy Research, 1150 17th Street NW, Washington,
D.C. 20036. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30709 Findley, Sally; Zayan, Ahmed; Kere,
Maria; Kone, Youssof; Sogbo, Gaston. Stretching the limits
of health interventions in Burkina Faso. Health Transition Review,
Vol. 7, No. 1, Apr 1997. 95-107 pp. Canberra, Australia. In Eng.
"Many health programs in developing countries share the common
goals of reducing infant and child mortality. But there is no consensus
on the most effective way to attain these goals....When evaluating the
effect of health and non-health interventions, it is important to
include a range of program types and behavioural changes. If there are
differences in the adoption of behaviour associated with specific
contextual variations, this will suggest the need to consider how
susceptible particular kinds of behaviour are to specific program
features that vary at each site. [A child-health promotion] program in
Burkina Faso offers the possibility of controlling for different
combinations of program activities."
Correspondence:
S. Findley, Columbia University, Morningside Heights, New York, NY
10027. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30710 Gage, Anastasia J.; Sommerfelt, A.
Elisabeth; Piani, Andrea L. Household structure and
childhood immunization in Niger and Nigeria. Demography, Vol. 34,
No. 2, May 1997. 295-309 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"In this study, we use data from the Demographic and Health
Surveys to examine the relationship between household structure and
childhood immunization in Niger and Nigeria. We show that household
structure is an important determinant of childhood immunization in
Nigeria: Children from nuclear, elementary polygynous, and
three-generational households are worse-off than those from laterally
extended households. However, the lower odds of full immunization among
children from three-generational and elementary polygynous households
are attributable to low economic status and low maternal education
levels, respectively. In Niger, household structure does not have a
significant effect on children's likelihood of being fully
immunized."
Correspondence: A. J. Gage, Pennsylvania
State University, Department of Sociology, 206 Oswald Tower, University
Park, PA 16802. E-mail: gage@pop.psu.edu. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30711 Garenne, Michel. Public
health policies and their demographic impact. [Les politiques de
santé publique et leur incidence démographique.] In:
Démographie: analyse et synthèse. Causes et
conséquences des évolutions démographiques, Volume
3. Apr 1997. 237-69 pp. Centre Français sur la Population et le
Développement [CEPED]: Paris, France; Università degli
Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Scienze Demografiche: Rome,
Italy; Università degli Studi di Siena, Facoltà di
Giurisprudenza: Siena, Italy. In Fre.
This chapter evaluates the
demographic impact of public health policies and programs. Some
methodological and theoretical issues are first explored. The author
then describes some health programs that deal with specific diseases,
such as smallpox and malaria, and also immunization programs in
general. He also considers programs designed to improve nutrition, as
well as those aimed at chronic diseases such as cardio- and
cerebrovascular disease and cancer; those designed to reduce the
ravages of tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking; those attempting to
reduce mortality from accidents, suicide, and homicide; and those
concerned with reducing rates of perinatal and maternal mortality.
Finally, he describes the different types of national health policies
that have been developed in capitalist and socialist, and in developed
and developing countries.
Correspondence: M. Garenne,
Institut Français de Recherche Scientifique pour le
Développement en Coopération, 213 rue Lafayette, 75480
Paris Cedex 10, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30712 Gysling, Jacqueline. The
social study of reproductive health in Chile: an overview at the
beginning of the 1990s. [La investigación social en salud
reproductiva en Chile: panorama al inicio de los noventa.] Feb 1995.
154 pp. Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Programa
Interdisciplinario de Estudios de Género: Santiago, Chile;
Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales [FLACSO]: Santiago,
Chile. In Spa.
This is a general review of sociological studies on
reproductive health in Chile. The author first defines the concept of
reproductive health. She gives an account of how the subject was
studied in Chile from 1985 to 1993 and provides a description of the
various institutions involved in research on this area. The work
concludes with a bibliography of relevant research projects and of the
research emanating from them.
Correspondence: Universidad
de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, Programa Interdisciplinario de
Estudios de Género, Ignacio Carrera Pinto 1045, Santiago, Chile.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30713 Konde-Lule, Joseph K.
The effects of urbanization on the spread of AIDS in Africa.
African Urban Quarterly, Vol. 6, No. 1-2, Jan-May 1991. 13-8 pp.
Nairobi, Kenya. In Eng.
"In this article the effect of
urbanization on the AIDS epidemic in Africa is reviewed....The effect
of urbanization on sexual mobility is reviewed in many ancient and
modern cultures....Urbanization has combined with the influence of
Western civilization to bring to an end the habit of sexual networking
within the extended family circles but has promoted commercial sex and
prostitution, previously unknown in rural Africa. Rural-urban migration
has greatly contributed to the spread of Sexually Transmitted Diseases
(STDs) and AIDS while urbanization has forced some women into
prostitution in order to earn a living."
Correspondence:
J. K. Konde-Lule, Makerere University, Institute of Public Health,
P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda. Location: World Bank, Joint
Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
63:30714 Kuciarska-Ciesielska,
Marlena. Examination of the status of health of population
in Poland. Polish Population Review, No. 8, 1996. 59-70 pp.
Warsaw, Poland. In Eng.
"This article presents sources of
information about the health status of the Polish population...; the
number and causes of deaths, the morbidity due to more important
diseases and average life expectancy....At the same time this situation
is compared with those in some European
countries."
Correspondence: M. Kuciarska-Ciesielska,
Central Statistical Office, Al. Niepodleglosci 208, 00-608 Warsaw,
Poland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30715 Lumey, L. H. The Dutch
famine of 1944-1945: short term and long term consequences. In:
Santé et mortalité des enfants en Europe:
inégalités sociales d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, edited by
Godelieve Masuy-Stroobant, Catherine Gourbin, and Pierre Buekens. 1996.
299-310 pp. Academia-Bruylant: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; L'Harmattan:
Paris, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"During the last
months of the Second World War the Western Netherlands was affected by
an acute famine....The effect on mortality at all ages was immediate
and large. It was most pronounced in the very young and the very old,
and larger in men compared to women. Fertility declined sharply once
the average official food rations no longer supplied 1,500 calories a
day and was associated with social class. In a historical birth cohort
study of women born in the University of Amsterdam teaching hospital
during the famine its short and long term consequences are evaluated in
more detail. Women born during the famine show a dramatic decline in
birth weight. By contrast, women conceived during the famine show an
increase in birth weight."
Correspondence: L. H.
Lumey, American Health Foundation, Division of Epidemiology, 320 East
43rd Street, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30716 Matthews, Zoe; Diamond, Ian.
Child immunisation in Ghana: the effects of family, location and
social disparity. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 29, No. 3,
Jul 1997. 327-43 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"The data
from the Demographic and Health Survey conducted in Ghana in 1988 are
used to identify determinants of immunisation uptake for children under
5 years. The logistic binomial analysis shows that socioeconomic
factors are significant, especially women's education and region, and
that the type of prenatal care received by the mother is also
important. There is a strong familial correlation of vaccination
behaviours, and there is also clustering of data within enumeration
areas."
Correspondence: Z. Matthews, University of
Southampton, Department of Social Statistics, Southampton SO9 5NH,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30717 Menza, Valeria; Lupien, John
R. World population and nutritional well-being. In:
Population and global security: environmental challenges II, edited by
Nicholas Polunin and Mohammad Nazim. 1994. 125-39 pp. Foundation for
Environmental Conservation: Geneva, Switzerland; Energy and Environment
Society of Pakistan: Lahore, Pakistan. In Eng.
"The
agricultural sector is a major source of income and livelihood, as well
as the main source of food, for many of the world's poor. As such, it
presents the greatest opportunity for socio-economic development and
consequently offers the greatest potential for achieving sustained
improvements in the nutritional status of the rural poor....Enormous
efforts will be needed in all sectors to provide for and protect the
welfare and human dignity of the 10 thousand million people projected
for the year 2050. To achieve this, human welfare, including
nutritional well-being, must be placed at the centre of all population,
social, and economic development,
policies."
Correspondence: V. Menza, UN Food and
Agriculture Organization, Food Policy and Nutrition Division, Via delle
Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome, Italy. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30718 Mertens, T. E.; Low-Beer, D.
HIV and AIDS: where is the epidemic going? [¿Hacia
dónde se encamina la epidemia de infección por VIH y
sida?] Pan American Journal of Public Health/Revista Panamericana de
Salud Pública, Vol. 1, No. 3, Mar 1997. 220-9 pp. Washington,
D.C. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
The authors review the course of HIV
and AIDS throughout the world, with a focus on predicting future trends
and expanding prevention efforts. "As of the end of 1995, and
following an extensive country-by-country review of HIV/AIDS data, a
cumulative total of 6 million AIDS cases were estimated to have
occurred in adults and children worldwide and currently 20.1 million
adults are estimated to be alive and infected with HIV or have AIDS. Of
the total prevalent HIV infections, the majority remain concentrated in
eastern, central and southern Africa, but the epidemic is evolving with
spread of infection from urban to rural areas, as well as to West and
South Africa, India and Southeast Asia, and to a lesser extent--with
proportional shifts to heterosexual infections--in North America,
Western Europe and Latin America."
For an English version, see
62:40682.
Correspondence: T. E. Mertens, World Health
Organization, Division of Policy Development, Programs, and Evaluation,
1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30719 Munguti, Katua; Grosskurth, Heiner;
Newell, James; Senkoro, Kesheni; Mosha, Frank; Todd, James; Mayaud,
Philippe; Gavyole, Awena; Quigley, Maria; Hayes, Richard.
Patterns of sexual behaviour in a rural population in north-western
Tanzania. Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 44, No. 10, May 1997.
1,553-61 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Patterns of sexual
behaviour have been implicated in the spread of the [HIV] epidemics,
but few quantitative data are available on sexual behaviour in rural
populations in Africa. This paper reports data from a survey of 1,117
adults aged 15-54 years selected randomly from twelve rural communities
in Mwanza Region, Tanzania. Sexual debut occurred early, 50% of women
and 46% of men reporting first sex before age 16. On average, women
married 1.8 years and men 6.1 years after their sexual debut....Marital
dissolution and remarriage were common in both sexes. Reported numbers
of sexual partners were compared with those recorded in a population
survey in Britain....Casual sex during the past year was reported by
53% of the men and 15% of the women, but only 2% of men reported sexual
contact with bar girls or commercial sex workers. Only 20% of men and
3% of women had ever used a condom."
Correspondence:
R. Hayes, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel
Street, London WC1E 7HT, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30720 Murray, Christoher J. L.; Lopez, Alan
D. Global mortality, disability, and the contribution of
risk factors: Global Burden of Disease Study. Lancet, Vol. 349,
No. 9063, May 17, 1997. 1,436-42 pp. London, England. In Eng.
This
is the third of four planned papers reporting results from the Global
Burden of Disease Study, a project attempting to provide comparable and
accurate estimates of causes of death for the year 1990 for the world's
major regions by age group and sex. In this paper, the authors analyze
premature mortality and disability around the world using the concept
of the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) as a standard unit to aid
comparisons. "Developed regions account for 11.6% of the worldwide
burden from all causes of death and disability, and account for 90.2%
of health expenditure worldwide. Communicable, maternal, perinatal, and
nutritional disorders explain 43.9%; non-communicable causes 40.9%;
injuries 15.1%; malignant neoplasms 5.1%; neuropsychiatric conditions
10.5%; and cardiovascular conditions 9.7% of DALYs worldwide....15.9%
of DALYs worldwide are attributable to childhood malnutrition and 6.8%
to poor water, and sanitation and personal and domestic
hygiene."
Correspondence: C. J. L. Murray, Harvard
University, Center for Population and Development Studies, 9 Bow
Street, Cambridge, MA 02138. Location: Princeton University
Library (SZ).
63:30721 Olshansky, S. Jay; Carnes, Bruce;
Rogers, Richard G.; Smith, Len. Infectious diseases--new
and ancient threats to world health. Population Bulletin, Vol. 52,
No. 2, Jul 1997. 52 pp. Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C.
In Eng.
"This study examines the phenomenon of `new' and
re-emerging IPDs [infectious and parasitic diseases] from an
international perspective. The authors discuss the factors that have
influenced the re-emergence of these diseases, including urbanization,
migration and travel, and agricultural practices that have increased
exposure to diseases once confined to other animals and small
geographic areas. They also review the changes in medical practice and
treatment that have helped breed bacterial strains resistant to
standard drug treatment."
Correspondence: Population
Reference Bureau, 1875 Connecticut Avenue NW, Suite 520, Washington,
D.C. 20009-5728. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30722 Pick, William M.; Cooper,
Diane. Urbanisation and women's health in South
Africa. African Journal of Reproductive Health, Vol. 1, No. 1, Mar
1997. 45-55 pp. Benin City, Nigeria. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper reports on a study conducted in Khayelitsha, Cape
Town [South Africa], which explored the relationship between
urbanisation and the health of women. The objectives were to relate
age, migration, length of stay in urban areas, employment status, and
occupation to the health, including reproductive health, of women
living in Khayelitsha. Interviews with 659 women (61 households had no
senior woman) revealed that...more than 90 percent of the women had
access to antenatal care. Recent inmigrants had more pregnancies, were
less aware of screening for cervical cancer, less likely to have had a
Pap smear, less knowledgeable about where to have a Pap smear done, and
less likely to have heard of AIDS....More than half of those of
childbearing age used contraception, mainly intramuscular hormones
(76%)."
Correspondence: W. M. Pick, University of the
Witwatersrand Medical School, 7 York Road, Parktown 2193, South Africa.
E-mail: 081pick@ciron.wits.ac.za. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30723 Rehm, Jürgen T.; Bondy, Susan
J.; Sempos, Christopher T.; Vuong, Cuong V. Alcohol
consumption and coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality.
American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 146, No. 6, Sep 15, 1997.
495-501 pp. Baltimore, Maryland. In Eng.
"Alcohol consumption
is associated with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) but
an increased risk of other causes of morbidity and mortality. It
remains unclear whether there is an upper limit to a protective effect
of alcohol intake on CHD risk. Whether there is a U- or an L-shaped
relation between alcohol consumption and CHD incidence...is examined
using the [U.S.] National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey I.
Baseline data were collected in 1971-1975. Follow-up data through 1987
(14.6 years mean follow-up) were analyzed for 6,788 European-American
males (n=2,960) and females (n=3,828) aged 40-75 years at baseline. Cox
regression was used to assess the association between alcohol
consumption and incidence of CHD. For females, an increased risk was
found above 28 drinks per week relative to abstainers...which was
significant, but was based on small numbers. For males, no upturn in
risk was found at higher intake. Mortality data supported these
results."
Correspondence: J. T. Rehm, Addiction
Research Foundation, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2S1,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).
63:30724 Robles González, E.; Bernabeu
Mestre, J.; Benavides, F. G. The sanitary transition: a
conceptual revision. [La transición sanitaria: una
revisión conceptual.] Boletín de la Asociación de
Demografía Histórica, Vol. 14, No. 1, 1996. 117-44 pp.
Bellaterra, Spain. In Spa.
The authors investigate changes that
have taken place in health conditions of Western European populations
during the twentieth century, as well as the consequences of those
changes. They discuss the epidemiologic transition and theories about
mortality decline, and examine critiques of the transition theory. The
conceptualization of a theory of sanitary transition is
considered.
Correspondence: F. Robles González,
Universitat d'Alacant, Departament de Salut Pública, San Vicente
del Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30725 Rollet, Catherine; Norvez,
Alain. Social policies, inequalities, and infant
health. [Politiques sociales, inégalités et
santé de la petite enfance.] In: Santé et
mortalité des enfants en Europe: inégalités
sociales d'hier et d'aujourd'hui, edited by Godelieve Masuy-Stroobant,
Catherine Gourbin, and Pierre Buekens. 1996. 367-414 pp.
Academia-Bruylant: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; L'Harmattan: Paris,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"The comparison of a long
period experience (France since the 19th century) with that of two
other countries (Sweden and the United States) allows us to analyze the
relationships between social policies, inequalities and infant
health....Two results appear: first, even with a strong and
comprehensive social policy, such as in Sweden, social inequalities
have not disappeared....Secondly, the shortages of a global protection
system cannot be replaced by specific and short-term policies: this is
what the American experience reveals."
Correspondence:
C. Rollet, Université Versailles-St. Quentin-en-Yvelines, 3
rue de la Division Leclerc, 78280 Guyancourt, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30726 Sommerfelt, A. Elisabeth; Piani,
Andrea L. Childhood immunization: 1990-1994. DHS
Comparative Studies, No. 22, Mar 1997. ix, 49 pp. Macro International,
Demographic and Health Surveys [DHS]: Calverton, Maryland. In Eng.
"This report aims to present comparative survey findings
related to childhood vaccination against six diseases--tuberculosis,
diphtheria, whooping cough (pertussis), tetanus, poliomyelitis and
measles--using data from the USAID-funded Demographic and Health
Surveys (DHS) program....The proportion of children for whom the
interviewer saw a written vaccination record ranged from 35 percent in
Niger and Nigeria to 89 percent in Rwanda. The highest card rates were
found for sub-Saharan African countries, and Asian countries tended to
have the lowest rates."
Correspondence: Macro
International, Demographic and Health Surveys, 11785 Beltsville Drive,
Calverton, MD 20705-3119. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30727 Spira, A. Twenty years
of research in reproductive epidemiology. [Vingt ans de recherches
en épidémiologie de la reproduction humaine.] Revue
d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique/Epidemiology and
Public Health, Vol. 44, No. 6, 1996. 588-95 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
with sum. in Eng.
"During the last two centuries, humanity has
gone through two major transitions: first a demographic transition and
second an epidemiological transition. In this moving environment,
attention has been placed on a better understanding of the conditions
of human reproduction. The role of epidemiology, a quantitative
discipline, situated at the interface between biology, medicine and
social sciences, has largely contributed to favoring advances in
knowledge and rational use of data, with the aim of improving the
health of the general population. Inversely, the new problems involved
in the complex situation of human reproduction, of which using two
individuals as the basic statistical unit for procreation is not of the
least importance, have certainly contributed to the advancement of
epidemiology."
Correspondence: A. Spira, Institut
National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, Unit 292,
Hôpital de Bicêtre, 82 rue du Général
Leclerc, 94276 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre Cedex, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30728 Tsui, Amy O.; Wasserheit, Judith N.;
Haaga, John G. Reproductive health in developing
countries: expanding dimensions, building solutions. ISBN
0-309-05644-6. LC 97-4867. 1997. xii, 314 pp. National Academy Press:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This is the final report from the Panel on
Reproductive Health in Developing Countries, set up by the Committee on
Population of the National Research Council in 1994. "Sexually
transmitted diseases, unintended pregnancies, infertility, and other
reproductive problems are major concerns around the world, especially
in developing countries. This book describes the magnitude of these
problems and what is known about the effectiveness of interventions in
four areas: infection-free sex, intended pregnancies and births,
healthy pregnancy and delivery, and healthy sexuality. Addressing the
design and delivery of reproductive health services, this volume
presents lessons learned from past programs and offers principles for
deciding how to spend limited funds." Full text is available
on-line at http://www.nap.edu.
Correspondence: National
Academy Press, 2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20418.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30729 Young, T. Kue. Recent
health trends in the Native American population. Population
Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16, No. 1-2, Apr 1997. 147-67 pp.
Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper reviews the
changes in the health status of Native Americans since the mid-1950s,
how the disease pattern differs from non-Natives, and regional
differences within the Native American population. Despite some
limitations, data from the Indian Health Service indicate that
substantial decline in the infant mortality rate and mortality from
such infectious diseases as tuberculosis and gastroenteritis has
occurred. With the exception of cardiovascular diseases and cancer, the
risk of death from most causes [is] higher among Native Americans than
the total U.S. population....Genetic susceptibility plays a significant
role in some diseases, such as diabetes, while for others, the
generally lower socioeconomic status, higher prevalence of certain
health risk behaviors and lower utilization of preventive services in
the Native American population are important
determinants."
Correspondence: T. K. Young, University
of Manitoba, Northern Health Research Unit, Department of Community
Health Sciences, Room S100, 750 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba
R3E OW3, Canada. E-mail: tkyoung@cc.umanitoba.ca. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
Studies on consanguinity and isolates, inbreeding, and twinning.
63:30730 Bosch, E.; Calafell, F.;
Pérez-Lezaun, A.; Comas, D.; Mateu, E.; Bertranpetit,
J. Population history of North Africa: evidence from
classical genetic markers. Human Biology, Vol. 69, No. 3, Jun
1997. 295-311 pp. Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
"We compiled all
the available data on allele frequencies for classical genetic
polymorphisms referring to North African populations and synthesized
the data in an attempt to reconstruct the populations' demographic
history using two complementary methods: (1) principal components
analysis and (2) genetic distances represented by neighbor-joining
trees. In both analyses the main feature of the genetic landscape in
northern Africa is a east-west pattern of variation pointing to the
differentiation between the Berber and Arab population groups of the
northwest and the populations of Libya and Egypt. Moreover, Libya and
Egypt show the smallest genetic distances with the European
populations, including the Iberian
Peninsula."
Correspondence: E. Bosch, Universitat de
Barcelona, Facultat de Biologia, Laboratori d'Antropologia, Diagonal
645, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30731 Sokal, Robert R.; Oden, Neal L.;
Rosenberg, Michael S.; DiGiovanni, Donna. The patterns of
historical population movements in Europe and some of their genetic
consequences. American Journal of Human Biology, Vol. 9, No. 3,
1997. 391-404 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"Population
movements of 891 ethnic units in Europe over the past 4,200 years, and
the correlations of these movements with modern genetic distances were
investigated on a one-degree-square grid of the continent. There is
significant spatial pattern in movements from sources, to targets, and
overall. Patterns change significantly over time. Patterns of sources
and targets differ significantly. Modern movements are more numerous
than ancient movements. Movements on the periphery of Europe are few in
number and are concentrated in direction, while Central European
movements are numerous and unconcentrated in direction....The findings
are interpreted in the context of European ethnohistory and population
biology."
Correspondence: R. R. Sokal, State
University of New York, Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony
Brook, NY 11794-5245. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
