Primarily references to descriptive studies. Official tabular material will be found under S. Official Statistical Publications. Items that are primarily analytical, but that also contain information on characteristics, will be found under K. Demographic and Economic Interrelations and Natural Resources or L. Demographic and Noneconomic Interrelations, as appropriate.
Descriptive studies of populations according to various demographic characteristics, including age, sex, sex ratios, and marital status. Studies on demographic aging are also included.
63:30537 Ando, Albert; Moro, Andrea; Cordoba,
Juan P.; Garland, Gonzalo. Dynamics of demographic
development and its impact on personal saving: case of Japan.
Ricerche Economiche, Vol. 49, No. 3, Sep 1995. 179-205 pp. London,
England. In Eng.
"A dynamic model of the demographic structure
of Japan is summarized. It is capable of tracing the dynamic
development of the Japanese population, including the distribution of
families by age, sex, and marital status of the head, as well as by the
number and age of children and other dependents. This model is combined
with specification of the processes generating family income and
consumption, and then used to generate the pattern of aggregate income,
saving and asset accumulation for the period 1985-2050 under
alternative fertility assumptions. The results suggest that the
saving-income ratio for Japan will increase slightly in the immediate
future as the number of children per family declines sharply, and then
falls moderately as the proportion of older persons in the population
increases. Qualitative results depend critically on the labour force
participation rate of older persons and on the probability of older
persons merging into younger households."
Correspondence:
A. Ando, University of Pennsylvania, Department of Economics, 3718
Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6297. Location: World
Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
63:30538 Biddlecom, Ann E.; Domingo, Lita
J. Aging trends--the Philippines. Journal of
Cross-Cultural Gerontology, Vol. 11, No. 1, Mar 1996. 109-14 pp.
Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
The authors investigate recent
aging trends in the Philippines. Aspects considered include health and
disability among the aged; education, work status, and income; and
family support.
Correspondence: A. E. Biddlecom, Population
Council, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY 10017. E-mail:
Abiddlecom@popcouncil.org. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30539 Cutler, David M.; Elmendorf, Douglas
W.; Zeckhauser, Richard J. Demographic characteristics and
the public bundle. Public Finance/Finances Publiques, Vol. 48,
Suppl., 1993. 178-98 pp. The Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This
paper explores the relationship between the demographic characteristics
of a community and the quantities of goods and services provided by its
government, what we label the `public bundle'. We consider three models
of public spending....To evaluate these models of spending, we examine
how county and state spending in the United States is affected by the
age and racial composition, and the total size of a jurisdiction. We
find that the estimated effects of demographic characteristics in the
state equations are strikingly different from the estimated effects in
the county equations. One possible explanation for these differences is
that a jurisdiction's spending is affected differently by its own
demographic characteristics and by the characteristics of the
surrounding area. We conclude that community preference is important in
explaining local spending, but that its determination is more complex
than simple theory suggests."
Correspondence: D. M.
Cutler, Harvard University, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington,
D.C.
63:30540 de Beer, J. Is the
number of newborn boys decreasing? [Worden er steeds minder
jongens geboren?] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 45, No. 4, Apr
1997. 11 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
This
one-page article reports that "the number of newborn boys [in the
Netherlands] exceeds that of girls by about 5%. This percentage varies
over time. The sex ratio in the Netherlands reached a peak in 1942: 8%
more boys than girls were born. After the Second World War the
percentage of boys decreased. This decrease came to an end in the
1980s. Since then the percentage of boys has been fluctuating around a
stable level."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30541 Dlugosz, Zbigniew.
Differentiation of the age structure of the world population in
light of the methods of its classification. [Zróznicowanie
struktury wieku ludnosci na swiecie a metody jej klasyfikacji.]
Przeglad Geograficzny, Vol. 68, No. 1-2, 1996. 151-65 pp. Warsaw,
Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng.
"The author's aim was to
[determine] the typology of the age structure of the world population,
using some new suggested classification methods, containing different
parameters....The suggested solutions were based on empiric data
concerning 176 countries....All [the] classification solutions,
although the parameters number was different, gave...similar images,
being greater or smaller aggregations of the discussed
population."
Location: University of Michigan Library,
Ann Arbor, MI.
63:30542 Gao, Ling. Sex ratio at
birth in China: features and influences. Social Sciences in China,
Vol. 17, Autumn 1996. 71-7 pp. Beijing, China. In Eng.
The gradual
increase in the sex ratio at birth (SRB) that has been recorded in
China since 1980 is examined, and an attempt is made to identify the
reasons for this increase. The author concludes that "such
demographic variables as child-bearing age, parity and the sex of
children have not determined the rising SRB since the 1980s in China.
Rather, the traditional bias towards giving birth and reporting male
offspring was responsible for the high SRB score and for the
disparities in SRB between different socio-economic groups." The
extent to which the birth of female babies is not reported is assessed,
as is the extent of sex-selective abortion.
This is translated from
the Chinese article published in Zhongguo Shehui Kexue, No. 1, 1995.
Location: Princeton University Library (Gest).
63:30543 Liao, Tim F. Measuring
population aging as a function of fertility, mortality, and
migration. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, Vol. 11, No. 1,
Mar 1996. 61-79 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"While
insights from comparing only the values of an aging measure between two
populations may be helpful, results from such comparison can be
misleading due to the influences of fertility, mortality, and
migration. To show the effects of these demographic processes on
measures of population aging, rates of change in five measures of
population aging as a function of fertility, mortality, and migration
are developed. These rates of change are estimated for various stable
populations, for stable populations disequilibrated by fertility and
mortality declines and by net migration, and for the population in
Japan, 1988-1989. The findings demonstrate that the five aging
measures, in general, do not give consistent rate-of-change estimates;
they also suggest that directly comparing values of aging measures
without considering the levels and patterns of fertility, mortality and
migration will lead to misleading conclusions."
This paper was
originally presented at the 1993 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America.
Correspondence: T. F. Liao,
University of Illinois, Department of Sociology, 326 Lincoln Hall, 702
South Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30544 Matkovic, Gordana; Vujnovic,
Borka. War affected persons in the FR of Yugoslavia.
Stanovnistvo, Vol. 34, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1996. 7-41 pp. Belgrade,
Yugoslavia. In Eng. with sum. in Scr.
The authors analyze the
demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the war-affected
population in Yugoslavia. "There are 646,066 refugees and other
war affected persons living in the FR of Yugoslavia....The sex and age
structure of this population are relatively balanced. According to
their nationality, over 90% of the war affected persons are
Serbian....The majority of those who due to war conflict fled to
Yugoslavia are unemployed. Approximately only 66 thousand persons
[have] permanent or temporary employment. The majority of refugees and
other war affected persons, i.e. over 80% of the total number of
economically active persons, are by occupation either industrial or
clerical related workers."
Correspondence: G.
Matkovic, Economics Institute, Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30545 Shantakumar, G. The aged
population of Singapore. Census of Population, 1990, Monograph,
No. 1, ISBN 9971-914-58-1. Sep 1994. xix, 212 pp. Department of
Statistics: Singapore. Distributed by Singapore National Printers,
Publications Sales Division, 8 Shenton Way, #B1-07, Treasury Building,
Singapore 0106. In Eng.
This analysis of the aged population of
Singapore is based on data from the 1990 census. It includes chapters
on the characteristics of the aged population; social characteristics;
economic characteristics, including work, economic activity, income,
and education; voluntary and leisure activities; housing; other
characteristics, such as mobility; and probable future developments in
the elderly population.
Correspondence: Department of
Statistics, Census of Population Office, 5th Story, Fullerton Building,
Singapore 0104. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30546 Strickland, S. S.; Tuffrey, V.
R. Parental investment theory and birth sex ratios in
Nepal. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 29, No. 3, Jul 1997.
283-95 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"Parental investment
theory postulates that where physical condition varies significantly
then birth sex ratio will be correlated with social status. Application
of this theory to man remains contentious. This study examines
physique, wealth, and social status in relation to the sex of live
births. It reports a female-biased sex ratio in high social and
economic status Nepalese. Close consanguineous marriage, intended to
conserve landed wealth within related lineages, and increased female
work burdens accompanying larger farm size, are proximate factors which
may underlie this finding. A differential payback hypothesis is one way
of explaining this pattern."
Correspondence: S. S.
Strickland, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Department
of Public Health and Policy, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30547 Waite, Linda J. The
demographic face of America's elderly. Inquiry, Vol. 33, No. 3,
Fall 1996. 220-4 pp. Rochester, New York. In Eng.
Based on a 1996
U.S. census report on aging, the author discusses possible future
trends in the aging of the U.S. population, with a focus on the
consequences of significant changes in the number and proportion of
elderly. The need to understand these trends in order to plan
effectively for the future is emphasized.
For the U.S. census report
on aging, see 62:30567.
Correspondence: L. J. Waite,
University of Chicago, Department of Sociology, Population Research
Center, 1155 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637-2799. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30548 Wu, Bihu; Liu, Xiaoling; Zhao,
Rong. A study of the demographic characteristics of
domestic tourists. Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol. 8,
No. 4, 1996. 447-57 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"A sample
survey was conducted [in China]: more than 6,000 questionnaires were
submitted and retrieved from domestic tourists in Shanghai, Xi'ian,
Huangshan, and Huashan in order to provide data for demographic
analysis of the special fluid population of tourists. The paper looks
at the relationship between tourists' gender, age, income, occupation,
education, and family structure, as well as their tourist activity,
selection of destinations, shopping, and other tourist
behaviors."
Correspondence: B. Wu, East China Normal
University, Tourism Department, Shanghai, China. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
Descriptive studies of menarche and menopause, longevity, and increasing the life span, as well as other biological characteristics such as sex selection. Studies that are concerned with menarche and menopause as they specifically affect fertility are coded under F.5. Factors Other Than Contraception Affecting Fertility.
63:30549 Lai, Dejian; Tsai, Shan P.; Hardy,
Robert J. Impact of HIV/AIDS on life expectancy in the
United States. AIDS, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1997. 203-7 pp. London,
England. In Eng.
"The potential gains in life expectancy of
the U.S. population by the partial and total elimination of deaths from
HIV/AIDS were compared with that of deaths from heart disease and
malignant neoplasms....For the total population of the United States in
1992, the gains in future life expectancy through the elimination of
deaths from HIV/AIDS, heart disease and malignant neoplasms were 0.34,
3.25 and 3.21 years, respectively....The potential gains in life
expectancy by reduction of deaths from heart disease and malignant
neoplasms are more heavily influenced by increasing years after the
working ages (15-64 years), whereas the potential gains in life
expectancy by reducing deaths from HIV/AIDS make a greater contribution
to those of working age."
Correspondence: D. Lai,
University of Texas, School of Public Health, P.O. Box 20186, Houston,
TX 77030. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30550 Mirowsky, John. Age,
subjective life expectancy, and the sense of control: the horizon
hypothesis. Journal of Gerontology: Social Sciences, Vol. 52, No.
B-3, May 1997. 125-34 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This
article reports a test of the horizon hypothesis, which states that
greater subjective life expectancy increases the sense of control over
one's own life and in part accounts for the negative association
between age and the sense of control. Results of a U.S. survey of 2,029
respondents aged 18 and older (934 aged 50 and older) support the
hypothesis. Subjective life expectancy has a significant positive
association with the sense of control that does not vanish with
adjustment for race, sex, education, income, widowhood, inability to
work because of a disability, physical impairment, and physical
fitness. Adjustment for subjective life expectancy explains the part of
the negative association between age and the sense of control that
remains after adjustment for education and physical impairment.
Adjusting the three factors together explains 93.1 percent of the total
association between age and the sense of control, and renders the
remaining association insignificant."
Correspondence:
J. Mirowsky, Ohio State University, 190 North Oval Mall, Columbus,
OH 43210. Location: Princeton University Library (SW).
63:30551 Ohsawa, Seiji; Ji, Cheng-Ye; Kasai,
Naomi. Age at menarche and comparison of the growth and
performance of pre- and post-menarcheal girls in China. American
Journal of Human Biology, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1997. 205-12 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
"The median menarcheal ages (MMAs) of Chinese
girls in 1991 were calculated by using the status quo method and probit
analysis in 64,322 schoolgirls 8-18 years of age. The sample was
randomly selected from 29 provinces of China....The associations
between growth status and the timing of menarche were also analyzed by
comparing of 10 indicators of somatic growth and motor ability between
the pre- and post-menarcheal girls. Early maturers consistently have
[higher] means of stature, weight, and vital capacity than late
maturers. By contrast, the late maturers tend to have a linear physique
and more potential of increasing stature and lower limbs into late
adolescence. Late maturers also tend to have more potential in catching
up in motor abilities, which were inferior to those of early maturers
during early adolescence."
Correspondence: S. Ohsawa,
Otuma Women's University, Institute of Human Living Sciences,
Sanban-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102, Japan. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30552 Xiao, Zhenyu; Xu, Qin; Yuan,
Ye. Solving the mystery of the status and longevity of
centenarians in Bama. Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol.
8, No. 4, 1996. 385-94 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"With
an investigation on the centenarians in Bama, Guangxi, [China] this
study discusses the credibility [of] the ages of centenarians in the
area and their longevity. The analysis of the census data shows that
the longevity of the centenarians in Bama is not the product of some
mysterious forces but actually the result of long-lasting interactions
of many elements in their lifestyle, heredity, and
environment."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
Descriptive studies of income differentials, earnings, career mobility, and other economic characteristics if allocated according to demographic groups. Analytical studies are classified under K.1.1. General Economic Development and Population, and studies concerned with employment and labor force are classified under K.3. Employment and Labor Force Participation.
63:30553 Ahmad, S. Ehtisham.
Poverty, demographic characteristics and public policy in CIS
countries. Public Finance/Finances Publiques, Vol. 48, Suppl.,
1993. 366-79 pp. The Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
"The
demographic characteristics of different regions in the former Soviet
Union influence the nature of poverty in the newly successor
independent states....Despite a common policy inheritance, major
adjustments are needed in the major social protection instruments to
reflect differences in demographics along with a changing resource
base."
Correspondence: S. E. Ahmad, International
Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 700 19th Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20431. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund
Library, Washington, D.C.
63:30554 Allensworth, Elaine M.
Earnings mobility of first and "1.5" generation
Mexican-origin women and men: a comparison with U.S.-born
Mexican-Americans and non-Hispanic whites. International Migration
Review, Vol. 31, No. 2, Summer 1997. 386-410 pp. Staten Island, New
York. In Eng.
"This study addresses the following questions:
Are Mexican immigrants closing the earnings gap with greater time in
the United States, compared to U.S.-born Mexican Americans and
non-Hispanic whites? What factors are most important in determining
their earnings? How are earnings determinants different for women
versus men, and those who came to the United States as children, versus
those who came as adults and those born in the United States?...With
greater time in the United States, male immigrants achieve average
earnings comparable to U.S.-born Mexican Americans, but not to
non-Hispanic whites, controlling for human capital variables. With
greater time in the United States, female immigrants approach the
number of hours of paid work of U.S.-born women, but not the earnings
received per hour. Gains in earnings associated with age, time in the
United States, and English proficiency differ by gender, reflecting
structural differences in the labor
market."
Correspondence: E. M. Allensworth, Michigan
State University, East Lansing, MI 48824. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30555 Bishop, John A.; Formby, John P.;
Smith, W. James. Demographic change and income inequality
in the United States, 1976-1989. Southern Economic Journal, Vol.
64, No. 1, Jul 1997. 34-44 pp. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
"The U.S. economy experienced significant increases in the
degree of income inequality over the past two decades....In this paper
we consider the effects of race, age, female headship, and college
education on the distribution of family income by developing a
multivariate methodology that allows us to gauge the influence of one
factor while holding other determinants of family incomes constant.
Over the period studied we find that race had only a minor effect on
the overall size distribution of income. Age had a somewhat greater
effect than race. In contrast, the impact of female heads and college
education were quite substantial. The multivariate estimates reveal
that the effects of female heads and college education both increase
the Gini to a much greater extent than the progressivity of federal
income taxes decreases it. The effects of college education and female
headed families on inequality have grown larger across time, while the
influence of age has declined. We find that the effects of race on
inequality have changed little over the 1976 to 1989
period."
Correspondence: J. A. Bishop, East Carolina
University, Greenville, NC 27850. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
63:30556 Bommier, Antoine. Can
you count on children to look after you when you are old? The example
of Malaysia. [Peut-on compter sur ses enfants pour assurer ses
vieux jours? L'exemple de la Malaisie.] Economie et Prévision,
Vol. 121, No. 5, 1995. 75-86 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
This is a
microeconomic analysis of the transfer of resources by adults to their
elderly parents in Malaysia, using data from the Second Malaysian
Family Life Survey carried out in 1988-1989. The author concludes that
such transfers from children within a family are independent of each
other. The factors that lead a child to support elderly parents are
examined; they range from agreements to repay money advanced previously
to that child for education to altruistic support for a parent fallen
into a position of need. The author notes the importance of joint
decisions by a couple regarding support for an elderly parent, and the
fact that the level of support depends on the distribution of income
between spouses.
Correspondence: A. Bommier, Institut
National d'Etudes Démographiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675
Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Cornell University Library,
Ithaca, NY.
63:30557 Chattopadhyay, Arpita.
Family migration and the economic status of women in Malaysia.
International Migration Review, Vol. 31, No. 2, Summer 1997. 338-52 pp.
Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"The impact of family
migration on women's economic position in a developing country setting
is an area that has received relatively little research attention.
Incorporating a lifetime perspective, this study makes use of the
retrospective migration histories of husbands and wives from the second
round of the Malaysian Family Life Survey to estimate how joint
migration with the husband affects women's socioeconomic achievement.
The findings show that family migration depresses the chances of
working, but it does not significantly reduce socioeconomic attainment
of those who do work. However, when a woman migrates with her husband
she does forgo the substantial advantage she could have derived had she
moved alone."
This paper was originally presented at the 1995
Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America.
Correspondence: A. Chattopadhyay, Brown University,
Department of Sociology, Providence, RI 02912. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30558 Díaz-Briquets, Sergio;
Pérez-López, Jorge. Refugee remittances:
conceptual issues and the Cuban and Nicaraguan experiences.
International Migration Review, Vol. 31, No. 2, Summer 1997. 411-37 pp.
Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article assesses the
notion that the determinants of remittances generated by refugee flows,
particularly from Communist-inspired systems, are different from those
associated with labor migrations....These differences have a major
bearing on how labor migrants and refugees perceive their relationship
with countries of origin. The propensity of labor migrants to
dissociate themselves from the home country is considerably less than
among refugees whose perceptions are mediated by opposition to the
ruling regime and other factors, such as political relations between
refugee-sending and refugee-receiving countries and whether or not
there has been a regime change or one is expected to occur. The
conceptual issues elaborated here are based on the Cuban-American
experience, but also reflect an assessment of Nicaraguan emigration
during the 1980s."
Correspondence: J.
Pérez-López, U.S. Department of Labor, 200 Constitution
Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20210. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30559 Duleep, Harriet O.; Regets, Mark
C. Measuring immigrant wage growth using matched CPS
files. Demography, Vol. 34, No. 2, May 1997. 239-49 pp. Silver
Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"In this paper, we match Current
Population Survey samples so that the wages of individual immigrant and
native-born men can be followed for one year. We find that the wage
growth of immigrants does exceed that of the native born. The general
finding of faster immigrant wage growth also holds when imposing the
foreign-born geographic distribution upon natives, but not when
imposing the native-born geographic distribution on the foreign born--a
result consistent with some theories of immigrant assimilation. In each
comparison, however, the actual wage growth of immigrants relative to
natives is similar to the predictions of cross-sectional regressions.
This similarity suggests that either there is no cohort quality bias in
the cross-sectional estimates of immigrant wage growth, or that there
has been a coincidental increase in immigrant wage growth as the entry
wages of immigrants have fallen."
Correspondence: H.
O. Duleep, 4417 Yuma Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20016. E-mail:
Harriet.O.Duleep@ssa.gov. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30560 Duleep, Harriet O.; Regets, Mark
C. Social Security and immigrant earnings. Social
Security Bulletin, Vol. 59, No. 2, Summer 1996. 20-30 pp. Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
"Immigrant cohorts have varied over time in many
ways that have important implications for projecting the contributions
immigrants make to the Social Security system. Using immigrant cohorts
in the 1970, 1980, and 1990 decennial censuses, we find that immigrant
men experience faster earnings growth than U.S.-born men; that there
has been a large decline in initial immigrant earnings over time; and
that there has been an accompanying large increase over time in
immigrant earnings growth rates. Thus, recent reductions in immigrant
entry earnings are significantly compensated for by faster immigrant
earnings growth."
Correspondence: H. O. Duleep, Social
Security Administration, Division of Economic Research, 4301
Connecticut Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20008. Location:
Princeton University Library (IR).
63:30561 Duleep, Harriet O.; Regets, Mark
C. The decline in immigrant entry earnings: less
transferable skills or lower ability? Quarterly Review of
Economics and Finance, Vol. 37, No. Special issue, 1997. 189-208 pp.
Greenwich, Connecticut. In Eng.
"By measuring the earnings
growth of immigrant cohorts across the 1960-1980 censuses, we test two
potential hypotheses for the decline in the education-adjusted entry
earnings of immigrants. One hypothesis suggests that the decline has
been caused by the immigration of lower ability immigrants: a result of
the relatively unequal income distributions of the source countries
currently dominating U.S. immigration. Another hypothesis is that the
decline in immigrant entry earnings reflects a change in the extent to
which immigrant skills are transferable to the United States. Our
cohort analyses provide indirect evidence for the skills
transferability hypothesis. We also introduce subsampling techniques
that researchers may use to test the sensitivity of cohort-based
results to biases caused by sampling error and
emigration."
Correspondence: H. O. Duleep, 4417 Yuma
Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20016. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30562 Fry, Richard; Lowell, B.
Lindsay. The incidence of subminimum pay among native and
immigrant workers. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16,
No. 4, Aug 1997. 363-81 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper econometrically compares the subminimum wage
propensities of immigrants and U.S. natives using 1989 microdata. A
conventional expectation is that immigrants are more likely to earn
subminimum wages because of their lesser education and knowledge of
labor rights. However, immigrants also tend to participate full time in
the labor market and field studies suggest they provide employers an
`experienced' labor pool. Indeed, our findings indicate that immigrants
by age, sex, and race/ethnic group are less likely than natives to
receive subminimum wages. These findings imply that the foreign born do
not contribute disproportionately to the informal
economy."
Correspondence: R. Fry, U.S. Department of
Labor, Division of Immigration Policy and Research, 200 Constitution
Avenue NW, Room S-5325, Washington, D.C. 20210. E-mail: pjg@cu.nih.gov.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30563 International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP] (Liège,
Belgium). Demography and poverty. [1996?]. [460] pp.
Liège, Belgium. In Eng.
This publication contains the papers
presented at a seminar on Demography and Poverty, organized jointly by
the IUSSP, UNICEF, and the University of Florence, held in Florence,
Italy, March 1-4, 1995. The 16 papers are organized into sections on
general issues; long-term issues, such as urbanization; resources and
environment; fertility, including adolescent fertility and short birth
intervals; family and households; mortality, AIDS, and famine; and the
demographic outcomes of poverty. A contributed paper on the precarious
position of women in rural Africa is also
included.
Correspondence: International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000
Liège, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30564 Jäntti, Markus.
Inequality in five countries in the 1980s: the role of demographic
shifts, markets and government policies. Economica, Vol. 64, No.
255, Aug 1997. 415-40 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper
uses Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) data to examine levels of and trends
in income inequality in Canada, the Netherlands, Sweden, the United
Kingdom and the United States. Inequality increased in Sweden, the
United Kingdom and the United States but did not increase in Canada and
the Netherlands. Increased inequality of household head's earnings and
increased shares of spouse's earnings in family income account for much
of the observed increases in income inequality. The public sector can,
in general, be assigned a moderating effect on these changes.
Demographic shifts are not assigned any major role in inequality
changes."
Correspondence: M. Jäntti, Åbo
Akademi University, Domkyrkotorget 3, 20500 Turku, Finland.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30565 Jenkins, Glenn P.
Implications of economic transition and demographics for financing
pensions in the former socialist economies. Public
Finance/Finances Publiques, Vol. 48, Suppl., 1993. 253-65 pp. The
Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper is concerned primarily
with the financing of pensions, or the old-age income maintenance
portion of the social security system. While the discussion here will
be limited to Hungary and Poland, most of the post-socialist countries
of East and Central Europe and of the former Soviet Union face similar
problems." The author suggests "a set of alternative pension
financing strategies....A novel approach is to replace the payroll tax
with part of a value-added tax, which may be a good short run solution
to current financial crises of the pension systems in these
countries."
Correspondence: G. P. Jenkins, Harvard
University, Institute for International Development, Pound Hall 400,
Cambridge, MA 02138. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund
Library, Washington, D.C.
63:30566 Laitner, John.
Intergenerational and interhousehold economic links. In:
Handbook of population and family economics, edited by Mark R.
Rosenzweig and Oded Stark. 1997. 189-238 pp. Elsevier Science
Publishers: Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This chapter
discusses two theoretical frameworks which economists use to analyze
links between households. The first is based on altruistic
preferences....The idea is that one household, say, a parent household,
may transfer money, time, or services to a second, say, a grown child.
The reason the parent unit `transfers' resources rather than selling
them is that the child household's well-being directly affects the
parent's felicity. The second framework falls under the heading
`transactions cost approach'....In it, two households may share or
exchange services, or provide credit or insurance to one another, not
because, or strictly because, one's utility depends on the other's
consumption, but rather on the basis of mutual perceived advantage in
transacting, or engaging in joint production, outside of normal market
channels."
Correspondence: J. Laitner, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30567 Lam, David. Demographic
variables and income inequality. In: Handbook of population and
family economics, edited by Mark R. Rosenzweig and Oded Stark. 1997.
1,015-59 pp. Elsevier Science Publishers: Amsterdam, Netherlands. In
Eng.
"This paper surveys a variety of areas in which
demographic variables may play an important role in the distribution of
income. The first issue considered is the relationship between age
structure and inequality, analyzed in Section 2....Section 3 focuses on
the large literature that has analyzed the effects on the distribution
of income among married couples of marital sorting and the joint labor
supply behavior of husbands and wives. Section 4 extends the analysis
beyond married couples to the household....Section 5 analyzes the
effects of differential fertility across income classes on the
distribution of income. The analysis includes consideration of the role
of intergenerational mobility across income classes. Section 6
discusses the attention given to the effects of population growth on
the relative wages by the classical economists and considers
theoretical issues in the link between changes in factor supplies and
changes in the distribution of income....Section 7 discusses the
substantial changes in wage inequality observed in the U.S. in recent
decades, and considers evidence on the role of demographic variables,
especially age structure, in those changes....Section 8 concludes the
paper." Particular attention is given to Brazil and the United
States.
Correspondence: D. Lam, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, MI 48109. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30568 Morocco. Centre d'Etudes et de
Recherches Démographiques [CERED] (Rabat, Morocco).
Populations at risk: a demographic profile and spatial
distribution. [Populations vulnérables: profil
socio-démographique et répartition spatiale.] Etudes
Démographiques, 1997. 315 pp. Rabat, Morocco. In Fre.
This
is an analysis of poverty in Morocco, based on data from the national
surveys on the family carried out in 1995 and on household standards of
living carried out in 1990-1991. The analysis is organized around four
main themes: the geographical distribution of poverty, the demographic
behavior of the poor, their employment and migration, and their
demographic characteristics.
Correspondence: Centre
d'Etudes et de Recherches Démographiques, Rue Mohamed Belhassan
El Ouazzani Haut-Agdal, B.P. 178, 10001 Rabat, Morocco. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30569 Peter, Matthew W.; Verikios,
George. The effect of immigration on residents' incomes in
Australia: some issues reconsidered. Australian Economic Review,
No. 114, 1996. 171-88 pp. Parkville, Australia. In Eng.
"This
article outlines the standard neoclassical model (SNM) of the impact of
immigration on the incomes of the resident (pre-immigration)
population. We augment the SNM to allow for foreign ownership of and
government equity in the capital stock. Using the expanded model, the
sensitivity of residents' incomes to immigration is tested in four
scenarios....In our preferred long-run scenario, the 1991-92 Australian
immigrant intake reduced residents' incomes. We believe the results
based on the expanded SNM justify a more comprehensive study
incorporating a range of other influential factors determining the
impact of immigration on residents'
incomes."
Correspondence: M. W. Peter, Monash
University, Department of Economics, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria
3168, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30570 Powell, Mary A.; Parcel, Toby
L. Effects of family structure on the earnings attainment
process: differences by gender. Journal of Marriage and the
Family, Vol. 59, No. 2, May 1997. 419-33 pp. Minneapolis, Minnesota. In
Eng.
"This study compares how being raised in an original,
two-parent family and being raised in other family structures affects
educational achievement, occupational status, and earnings attainment
for a national sample of 30- to 59-year-old women and men. Data are
derived from the 1989 Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Findings suggest
that family structure has different effects by gender. Although both
men and women from original, two-parent families earn more, on average,
than those from other family structures, for women, this effect occurs
through educational attainment. For men, the association between family
structure and attainment is explained by other family background
variables, including smaller family size, being Catholic, higher levels
of parental education, and being White."
Correspondence:
M. A. Powell, Ohio State University, Department of Sociology, 300
Bricker Hall, 190 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210-1353. E-mail:
powell.130@osu.edu. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30571 Reschovsky, Andrew. The
aging of the population and the financing of local governments.
Public Finance/Finances Publiques, Vol. 48, Suppl., 1993. 199-213 pp.
The Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper explores the
residential property tax burdens faced by elderly homeowners in the
United States. The results demonstrate that the use of annual data in
income and property tax liabilities to calculate tax burdens overstates
the regressivity of the property tax. The magnitude of the bias created
by using annual income is determined by comparing tax burdens
calculated from annual data with burdens calculated from tax
liabilities and income data covering a 12-year period. The results
indicate that while the residential property tax on the non-elderly is
approximately proportional, the pattern of burdens on the elderly
remains regressive."
Correspondence: A. Reschovsky,
University of Wisconsin, Department of Agricultural Economics, 1225
Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706. Location: World Bank,
Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
63:30572 Rossi, Nicola.
Demographics and debt service. Public Finance/Finances
Publiques, Vol. 48, Suppl., 1993. 228-38 pp. The Hague, Netherlands. In
Eng.
"The discussion on the effects of the ongoing demographic
transition on government behaviour has never mentioned its likely
effect on an expenditure item (apparently non age specific) such as the
debt service. This paper attempts to show that such effects could be
non-negligible in countries (such as most European countries) where
social security wealth arises from mandatory participation in pension
schemes."
Correspondence: N. Rossi, University of
Modena, Department of Political Economy, Via Giardini 454, 41100
Modena, Italy. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
63:30573 Sartor, Nicola. On the
role of budgetary policy during demographic changes. Public
Finance/Finances Publiques, Vol. 48, Suppl., 1993. 217-27 pp. The
Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
"The paper investigates the
relationship between old age income maintenance and budgetary policy
when a growing proportion of the population is retired. Special
attention is paid to the different kinds of adjustment required under
pay-as-you-go (PAYG) and fully-funded (FF) pension schemes. The paper
shows that FF schemes reach spontaneously a new equilibrium while PAYG
systems need policy action. With reference to PAYG systems, the paper
shows that the tax increase called for by most governments is
appropriate in the short-run, when the dependency ratio plays a
dominant role. In the long-run, however, the increase in the tax rate
is smaller, as the effects of the changes in the dependency ratio is
offset by the lower need of public savings required for financing
capital accumulation." The geographical focus is on developed
countries.
Correspondence: N. Sartor, Bank of Italy,
Research Department, Rome, Italy. Location: World Bank, Joint
Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
63:30574 Wolfe, Barbara L. On the
role of budgetary policy during demographic changes. Public
Finance/Finances Publiques, Vol. 48, Suppl., 1993. xii, 392 pp.
Foundation Journal Public Finance: The Hague, Netherlands. In Eng.
This volume contains papers from the 48th Congress of the
International Institute of Public Finance, held in Seoul, Republic of
Korea, in 1992. The theme of the volume is the role of budgetary policy
during times of demographic change. Papers are grouped under seven
headings: intergenerational transfers; investment in human capital;
immigration and public finance; budgetary policy; pensions and
retirement; political forces and demographic change; and a summary of
the proceedings.
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent
issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Foundation
Journal Public Finance, NE Goethestraße 13, 61462
Königstein, Germany. Location: World Bank, Joint
Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
Descriptive studies of populations according to literacy and educational attainment, cultural background, religious affiliation, residential characteristics and segregation, and the like. Studies on social mobility are also coded under this heading.
63:30575 Cammelli, Andrea; di Francia, Angelo;
Guerriero, Angelo. Declining admissions to Italian
universities by 2008. [Le déclin des entrées
à l'université italienne d'ici 2008.] Population, Vol.
52, No. 2, Mar-Apr 1997. 365-80 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
"For the first time since Italian Unification
(1861), the number of potential entrants to Italy's universities is
declining rapidly. This situation is due to the fall in the birthrate
which began in the 1960s, first and most dramatically in the northern
regions, later and less spectacularly in the rest of the country. The
present study, based on the population of young people of university
age, shows that their number will fall by 31-35% between 1995 and 2008.
An international comparison brings to light the unique nature of the
problems that characterize the Italian
context."
Correspondence: A. Cammelli,
Università degli Studi di Bologna, Dipartimento di Scienze
Statistiche, Via delle Belli Arti 41, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30576 Day, Jennifer C.; Curry, Andrea
E. Educational attainment in the United States: March 1996
(update). Current Population Reports, Series P-20: Population
Characteristics, No. 493, Jul 1997. 1 pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This short report, updating the March 1995
report on educational attainment in the United States, summarizes major
findings from the Current Population Survey. In accordance with Census
Bureau policy to reduce the number of printed reports and instead
provide more information in electronic format, the detailed tabulations
will be updated annually, and are available on the World Wide Web
(http://www.census.gov). A paper version of these tables is available
for a fee on request.
Correspondence: U.S. Bureau of the
Census, P.O. Box 277943, Atlanta, GA 30384-7943. E-mail:
jday@census.gov. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30577 Djamba, Yanyi K.
Financial capital and premarital sexual activity in Africa: the
case of Zambia. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16,
No. 3, Jun 1997. 243-57 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper examines two theoretical perspectives on sexual
behavior in Africa using the 1992 Zambia Demographic and Health Survey
data on never-married adolescent females. The results offer more
support to the rational adaption hypothesis which assumes that many
young women may be entering into sexual relationships to obtain money
and material goods they cannot get within the financial capital of
their families. There are, however, indications that some adolescents
are sexually active before marriage as a result of the breakdown of
traditional social controls that elders had over the younger people.
The way in which this assumption of the social disorganization theory
can be further explained is examined under the conceptual model of
social capital."
Correspondence: Y. K. Djamba,
Louisiana State University, Department of Sociology, 126 Stubbs Hall,
Baton Rouge, LA 70803-5411. E-mail: sodjam@lsuvm.sncc.lsu.edu.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30578 Jonsson, Jan O.; Gähler,
Michael. Family dissolution, family reconstitution, and
children's educational careers: recent evidence for Sweden.
Demography, Vol. 34, No. 2, May 1997. 277-93 pp. Silver Spring,
Maryland. In Eng.
"Both longitudinal and cross-sectional
analyses on a large and recent Swedish data set demonstrate that,
compared to children in intact families, children who have experienced
family dissolution or reconstitution show lower educational attainment
at age 16. Time constraints do not seem to be an important mechanism
behind the negative effect of separation. Economic deprivation affects
children's attainment negatively, but downward social mobility appears
to be an even more important causal mechanism: Losing the parent with
the higher social position probably reduces social capital and
aspirations. When we control for socioeconomic characteristics, a small
net effect of separation and reconstitution
remains."
Correspondence: J. O. Jonsson, Stockholm
University, Swedish Institute for Social Research, 106 91 Stockholm,
Sweden. E-mail: janne@sofi.su.se. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30579 Khasiani, Shanyisa A.
The impact of migration on women's status in Kenya. Wajibu,
Vol. 8, No. 3, 1993. 5-7 pp. Nairobi, Kenya. In Eng.
"In
analyzing the impact of migration on the status of women [in Kenya],
this paper uses a simple and general definition of status according to
its various dimensions: economic status pertaining to access to
resources like income, employment and property; social status based on
values such as physical and mental well being, and education and
training; and political status involving participating in decision
making."
Location: University of Iowa Library, Ames,
IA.
63:30580 Liu, Dalin; Ng, Man Lun; Zhou, Li
Ping; Haeberle, Erwin J. Sexual behavior in modern China:
report on the nationwide survey of 20,000 men and women. ISBN
0-8264-0886-9. LC 96-1072. 1997. 568 pp. Continuum: New York, New York.
In Eng.
"This is a report on the nationwide survey of sexual
behavior conducted in China in the period ranging from February 1989 to
April 1990. In our survey, we included data on adolescent sexual
physiological development, the extent and source of sexual knowledge,
sexual attitudes and their changes, marital relationships, family
planning, and sexual offenses." The survey was organized by the
Shanghai Sex Sociology Research Center. It was conducted in 28 regions
in 15 Chinese provinces and included a total of 19,559 students,
married couples in cities and rural areas, and sex offenders. Results
show increases in premarital and extramarital sex, sexual disharmony in
marriage, sex offenses, prostitution, and sexually transmitted
diseases, among other things. The issues addressed in the report
include the relationship between sexuality and sociocultural factors,
the sexual commonalities and differences among various groups, the
quality of marriage, adolescent sexual problems, women's problems, and
sexual control.
Correspondence: Continuum Publishing
Company, 370 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10017. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30581 Mare, Robert D.
Differential fertility, intergenerational educational mobility and
racial inequality. Social Science Research, Vol. 26, No. 3, Sep
1997. 263-91 pp. Orlando, Florida. In Eng.
A model that takes into
account fertility differences among women with varying levels of
educational attainment and patterns of intergenerational educational
mobility is developed to examine the hypothesis that the higher
fertility of poorly educated women tends to reduce the average
intellectual qualifications of the population as a whole. The model is
applied to U.S. data for the period 1925-1995. "Although fertility
rates are generally higher for women at the lower end of the
educational distribution, this has had a negligible effect on the trend
in average educational attainment. These fertility differences are
neither large enough nor consistent enough to lower educational
attainment. More important, high rates of intergenerational educational
mobility almost completely offset the effects of differential
fertility. Although black women have historically had more children
than white women, fertility differences within and between the races
have not had much effect impact on educational inequality between the
races."
This paper was originally presented at the 1996 Annual
Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: R. D. Mare, University of
Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology, 4412 Social Science
Building, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1393. E-mail:
mare@ssc.wisc.edu. Location: Princeton University Library
(PR).
63:30582 Mensch, Barbara S.; Lloyd, Cynthia
B. Gender differences in the schooling experiences of
adolescents in low-income countries: the case of Kenya. Policy
Research Division Working Paper, No. 95, 1997. 82 pp. Population
Council, Research Division: New York, New York. In Eng.
"This
paper examines the school environment in Kenya and the ways it can help
or hinder adolescents. We focus on gender differences with a view
toward illuminating some of the factors that may present particular
obstacles or opportunities for girls. The paper reviews what is known
about schooling and adolescence, focusing on what the literature can
tell us about the relationship between adolescent schooling and
`successful' transitions to adulthood...."
This paper was
originally presented at the 1997 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America.
Correspondence: Population Council,
Research Division, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY 10017.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30583 Pillai, Vijayan K.; Barton, Thomas;
Benefo, Kofi. Sexual activity among junior secondary
school girls in Zambia. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 29, No.
3, Jul 1997. 297-301 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"This
paper proposes a causal model of sexual activity among a randomly
selected sample of 305 Junior secondary school girls in Zambia. The
results indicate that liberal sexual attitudes influence romantic
involvement with boys. Emotional involvement is likely to result in
sexual activity. Traditional courtship forms are slowly being replaced
by modern patterns of courtship behaviour. Policy and programme
implications are discussed."
Correspondence: V. K.
Pillai, University of North Texas, Department of Sociology and Social
Work, Denton, TX 76203-3826. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30584 Sandiford, P.; Cassel, J.; Sanchez,
G.; Coldham, C. Does intelligence account for the link
between maternal literacy and child survival? Social Science and
Medicine, Vol. 45, No. 8, Oct 1997. 1,231-9 pp. Oxford, England. In
Eng.
"This paper examines the effect of maternal intelligence
on child health and looks at the degree to which it can explain the
literacy associations with child survival and risk of malnutrition. The
data are from a retrospective cohort study of 1,294 mothers and their
7,475 offspring [undertaken in Nicaragua]....Acquisition of literacy
was strongly related to intelligence. Statistically significant
associations with maternal literacy were found for under five
mortality, infant mortality, and the risk of low mid-upper-arm
circumference (MUAC) for age....Under five, child (one to four years),
infant and post-neonatal mortality plus the risk of low height for age
were significantly correlated with intelligence, but only with infant
and under [five] mortality rates did the association remain significant
after controlling for socio-economic factors....This study provides
evidence that intelligence is an important determinant of child health
among the illiterate, and that education may have the greatest impact
on child health for mothers of relatively low
intelligence."
Correspondence: P. Sandiford, Institute
for Health Sector Development, 27 Old Street, London EC1V 9HL, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
Descriptive studies of populations on the basis of race, ethnic group, language, and national origin.
63:30585 Abbotts, Joanne; Williams, Rory;
Ford, Graeme; Hunt, Kate; West, Patrick. Morbidity and
Irish Catholic descent in Britain: an ethnic and religious minority 150
years on. Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 45, No. 1, Jul 1997.
3-14 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Ethnic and religious
minorities often suffer disadvantages both in socio-economic status and
in health. Data from the West of Scotland Twenty-07 study suggest some
differences in morbidity between those descended from Irish Catholic
migrants of the great emigration from 1840 onwards and others....Higher
proportions of `Catholics' are in manual social classes. Differences
between `Catholics' and `non-Catholics' in one or more age cohorts are
observed for [several] aspects of health and physical
development....For [most] aspects...significant differences remain
after accounting for sex and social class. For each measure where a
difference is observed, it is those respondents with a Catholic parent
or who were born Catholic who experience poorer health or physical
development. This suggests that those of Irish Catholic descent are at
some disadvantage compared with the rest of the population, with
respect to health as well as social class, 150 years after the start of
the main migration."
Correspondence: J. Abbotts, MRC
Medical Sociology Unit, 6 Lilybank Gardens, Glasgow G12 8RZ, Scotland.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30586 Bennett, Claudette. The
black population in the United States: March 1996 (update).
Current Population Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics,
No. 498, Jun 1997. 1 pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In
Eng.
This short report, updating the March 1995 report on the black
population of the United States, summarizes major findings from the
Current Population Survey. In accordance with Census Bureau policy to
reduce the number of printed reports and instead provide more
information in electronic format, the detailed tabulations will be
updated annually, and are available on the World Wide Web
(http://www.census.gov). A paper version of these tables is available
for a fee on request.
Correspondence: U.S. Bureau of the
Census, P.O. Box 277943, Atlanta, GA 30384-7943. E-mail:
cbennett@census.gov. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30587 Cohen, Yinon; Haberfeld,
Yitchak. The number of Israeli immigrants in the United
States in 1990. Demography, Vol. 34, No. 2, May 1997. 199-212 pp.
Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"In this paper we estimate
the size of several categories of `Israeli' immigrants in the United
States. According to the 1990 U.S. census, there were about 95,000
Israeli-born immigrants in the United States in that year. Using the
language and ancestry information available in the Public Use Microdata
Sample (PUMS) of the 1990 census, we estimate that of this total, about
80,000 are Jews and 15,000 are Palestinian Arabs born in Israel. In
addition to the Israeli-born, we present a range for the number of
Jewish immigrants from Israel who are not Israeli-born (about
30,000-56,000). Thus our estimate for the total number of Jewish
immigrants from Israel in the United States in 1990 is between 110,000
and 135,000. Fertility information available in the PUMS also enabled
us to provide estimates for the number of second-generation Israelis in
the United States in 1990 (about 42,000). Finally, using both the 1980
and 1990 PUMS, we provide estimates for the rate of return migration
among Israeli-born Jewish immigrants in the United
States."
Correspondence: Y. Cohen, Tel Aviv
University, Department of Sociology, Tel Aviv, Israel. E-mail:
yinonc@spirit.tau.ac.il. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30588 Dumortier, Brigitte.
People of the Arab Middle East. [Les populations de l'Orient
arabe.] Espace, Populations, Sociétés, No. 1, 1997. 119
pp. Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, U.F.R. de
Géographie: Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
This issue contains six papers on the populations of the Arab
countries of Northern Africa and Western Asia. Apart from the two
articles on the demographic situation and migration (which are cited
elsewhere), there are also papers on the quality of life in Arab
countries in general, state violence and urban growth in the Sudan,
languages in the Lebanon, and the Kurds in Syria and Iraq.
Selected
items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population
Index.
Correspondence: Université des Sciences et
Technologies de Lille, U.F.R. de Géographie, avenue Paul
Langevin, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30589 Ericksen, Eugene P.
Problems in sampling the Native American and Alaska Native
populations. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16, No.
1-2, Apr 1997. 43-59 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"The
goal of this paper is to identify key design choices a statistician
must face when selecting a sample of [Native American and Alaska
Native] populations, and to discuss alternative strategies. I also
provide commentary on sampling plans that have been used for previous
surveys, and explain why these plans, while sufficient for the purposes
of their particular surveys, do not provide general solutions. Of
particular importance is a careful definition of the study
population....I conclude that there is no sampling strategy that is
appropriate for all surveys, but also provide suggestions for certain
survey situations."
Correspondence: E. P. Ericksen,
Temple University, Department of Sociology (0-25-23), 12th and Berks
Mall, Philadelphia, PA 19122. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30590 Goldstein, Sidney; Goldstein,
Alice. Lithuanian Jewry, 1993: a demographic and
sociocultural profile. Jewish Population Studies, No. 28, ISBN
965-90154-1-0. 1997. xii, 115 pp. Hebrew University of Jerusalem,
Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Division of Jewish
Demography and Statistics: Jerusalem, Israel. In Eng.
This is an
analysis of the demographic, socioeconomic, and cultural
characteristics of the Jewish population of Lithuania, developed using
data from a survey of that population carried out in 1993. There are
chapters on the history of Lithuanian Jewry, demographic
characteristics, marriage and fertility, housing and family concerns,
behavioral indicators of Jewish identity, going beyond Lithuania, and
future prospects for this community.
Correspondence: Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, Avraham Harman Institute of Contemporary
Jewry, Division of Jewish Demography and Statistics, Gaster Building,
Mount Scopus Campus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel. E-mail:
DATABANK@HUM.HUJI.AC.IL. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30591 Gregory, Robert G.; Abello, Annie C.;
Johnson, Jamie. The individual economic well-being of
Native American men and women during the 1980s: a decade of moving
backwards. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16, No.
1-2, Apr 1997. 115-45 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"The
study examines whether the income opportunities of Native Americans
over the 1980s improved in response to stronger aggregate job growth or
deteriorated in response to declining wage and employment
opportunities, particularly for the less-skilled....The study concludes
that the economic circumstances of Native American men and women
further deteriorated relative to whites over the decade, chiefly due to
the declining valuation given to Native American human capital,
particularly for men....Almost all of the adverse movements in average
hourly earnings against Native Americans can be attributed to changes
in economy-wide hourly earnings structures (with the least-skilled
being paid less), whereas the large fall in relative annual hours is
due to changes specific to Native
Americans."
Correspondence: R. G. Gregory, Australian
National University, Research School of Social Sciences, Division of
Economics and Politics, Economics Program, Canberra, ACT 0200,
Australia. E-mail: rgg302@coombs.anu.edu.au. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30592 Kalibová, Kveta.
Population census and ethnic groups. Acta Universitatis
Carolinae: Geographica, Vol. 30, No. 1-2, 1995. 147-55 pp. Prague,
Czech Republic. In Eng. with sum. in Cze.
The author discusses the
difficulties involved in collecting data on nationality in population
censuses, as well as problems of international comparability of such
data. Examples are provided from the Czech and Slovak Republics,
Europe, and selected immigration states, including the United States,
Canada, and Australia.
Correspondence: K. Kalibová,
Charles University, Faculty of Science, Department of Demography and
Geodemography, Albertov 6, 12 843 Prague, Czech Republic. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30593 Kesteloot, Christian; van Weesep,
Jan; White, Paul. Minorities in West European cities.
Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie/Journal of Economic
and Social Geography, Vol. 88, No. 2, 1997. 97-195 pp. Royal Dutch
Geographical Society [KNAG]: Utrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
This
special issue contains eight articles on issues concerning minority
populations in West European cities. The table of contents is as
follows. Foreigners in Brussels 1981-1991: spatial continuity and
social change, by Christian Kesteloot and Herman van der Haegen.
Pluralist and assimilationist models of ethnic settlement in London
1991, by Ceri Peach. Foreign residents, housing market and local
government strategies, by Elke Tharun. Urban economic restructuring and
ethnic segregation in Düsseldorf, by Günther Glebe. Ethnic
segregation and the role of public housing in Amsterdam, by Sako
Musterd and Rinus C. Deurloo. The geography of survival: household
strategies in urban settings, by Henk Meert, Pascale Mistiaen, and
Christian Kesteloot. Segregation in European cities: patterns and
policies, by Sako Musterd, Wim Ostendorf and Matthijs Breebaart.
Segregation, housing and ethnicity in Dutch cities, by Ronald van
Kempen and Jan van Weesep.
Correspondence: Royal Dutch
Geographical Society, P.O. Box 80123, 3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands.
E-mail: KNAG@FRW.RUU.NL. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30594 Maharidge, Dale. The
coming white minority: California's eruptions and America's
future. ISBN 0-8129-2289-1. 1996. xii, 331 pp. Times Books: New
York, New York. In Eng.
This book discusses the implications of the
fact that, sometime between the years 1998 and 2000, the point will
come when whites will make up less than half of the total population of
California; the author suggests that similar demographic changes are
likely to occur in much of the rest of the United States in due course.
The politics, trends, and events of the period 1992-1996 in California
are discussed; the growing residential separation of the population by
race and class is noted, as is the increasing potential for conflict
posed by these changes. A positive, politically moderate approach to
these challenges is encouraged. "Given the nature of American
culture, the best that can be hoped for is a multiracial capitalist
society without a white majority--one that has some compassion for
ethnic differences and one (unlike present society) that allows all of
its citizens to partake in economic benefits, essentially a form of
free-market integration."
Correspondence: Times Books,
Random House, 400 Hahn Road, Westminster, MD 21157. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
63:30595 National Association of Hispanic
Publications (Washington, D.C.); United States. Bureau of the Census
(Washington, D.C.). Hispanics--Latinos: diverse people in
a multicultural society. A special report: second edition. Current
Population Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics, 1995. iv,
40 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This chartbook extends and
updates a previous chartbook `Hispanic Americans Today' published in
1993 by the U.S. Bureau of the Census. This report, however, adds more
detail about the diverse peoples that are of Hispanic or Latino origin
using tabulations from the March 1994 Current Population Survey
(CPS)....It includes information on the population distribution and
composition, family, education, language and immigration, labor force,
income, poverty, hospital insurance coverage and non-cash benefits,
housing, business ownership, voting, elected officials, and imports and
exports."
For the 1993 report referred to, see 59:40576.
Correspondence: National Association of Hispanic
Publications, National Press Building, 529 14th Street NW, Suite 652,
Washington, D.C. 20045. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30596 Passel, Jeffrey S. The
growing American Indian population, 1960-1990: beyond demography.
Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16, No. 1-2, Apr 1997.
11-31 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Since 1960, the
Native American population has exhibited explosive growth, increasing
from 552,000 to 1,959,000, or 255 percent....This paper expands on
previous work to illustrate with demographic techniques how such
extraordinary growth was achieved through changing patterns of racial
self-identification on the part of people with only partial or distant
American Indian ancestry, coupled with relatively high fertility and
improving mortality. It also provides some basic demographic background
on the size, growth, and geographic structure of the American Indian
population, while exploring both demographic and geographic
underpinnings of the changing population."
Correspondence:
J. S. Passel, Urban Institute, 2100 M Street NW, Washington, D.C.
20037. E-mail: jpassel@ui.urban.org. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30597 Prins, C. J. M.
Population born in Indonesia or in the former Dutch
East-Indies. [In Indonesië of het voormalig
Nederlands-Indië geboren bevolking.] Maandstatistiek van de
Bevolking, Vol. 45, No. 4, Apr 1997. 6-10 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In
Dut. with sum. in Eng.
"The number of persons born in
Indonesia or in the former Dutch East Indies and residing in the
Netherlands decreases every year. This is primarily caused by ageing.
Moreover, immigration from Indonesia has been at a relatively low level
for many years. About 178 thousand persons born in Indonesia or in the
former Dutch East Indies were living in the Netherlands on 1 January
1996." Information is included on parents' nationality, length of
time in the Netherlands, migration policy, and spatial
distribution.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30598 Ratcliffe, Peter.
Ethnicity in the 1991 census. Volume Three. Social geography and
ethnicity in Britain: geographical spread, spatial concentration and
internal migration. 1996. viii, [307] pp. Office for National
Statistics: London, England. In Eng.
This is the third in a planned
series of four volumes presenting analyses of data from the ethnic
group question included in the 1991 United Kingdom census. This volume
has nine chapters by various authors organized into two parts. The
first part examines issues at the national level such as spatial
distribution, segregation, internal migration, and intergenerational
differences in settlement patterns of ethnic minorities. The second
part looks at the local dimension, with studies on London, the
Midlands, and the Pennine cities.
Correspondence: Her
Majesty's Stationary Office, P.O. Box 376, London SW8 5DT, England.
Location: Stanford University Library, Stanford, CA.
Source: APLIC Census Network List, No. 168, Dec-Jan,
1996-1997.
63:30599 Rindfuss, Ronald R.; Sandefur, Gary
D.; Cohen, Barney. Demography of American Indians and
Alaska Natives. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16,
No. 1-2, Apr 1997. 192 pp. Kluwer Academic: Dordrecht, Netherlands. In
Eng.
"American Indians trace their roots in the geographic
area that now comprises the USA to an earlier point in time than any
other racial or ethnic group, yet ironically, we know less about their
current demographic and health situation than that of African
Americans, Hispanics, Asian Americans, or European Americans. This
issue has two goals: first, to achieve a better understanding of the
reasons for this relative paucity of knowledge, and second, to review
and extend our knowledge of the contemporary demographic and health
situation of American Indians....[The papers were] prepared for a
workshop on the demography and health of American Indians, conducted by
the National Research Council's Committee on Population in May
1995."
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent
issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Kluwer Academic
Publishers Group, Spuiboulevard 50, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht,
Netherlands. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30600 Saenz, Rogelio. Ethnic
concentration and Chicano poverty: a comparative approach. Social
Science Research, Vol. 26, No. 2, Jun 1997. 205-28 pp. Orlando,
Florida. In Eng.
"Chicanos represent one of the few racial and
ethnic groups in this country that have experienced consistent
increases in poverty since 1980 [but] little empirical and policy
attention has focused on Chicano poverty and its areal variation across
the nation. This research uses data from the 1990 Summary Tape File 4C
(STF4C) to examine Chicano poverty in U.S. counties containing at least
500 Chicanos. Two hypotheses are examined: (1) there is a positive
relationship between the relative size of the Chicano population and
the group's poverty rate, and (2) this association is stronger in the
Southwest. The results from multivariate analyses provide support for
both hypotheses. For comparative purposes, the analysis is also
conducted for Anglos and African
Americans."
Correspondence: R. Saenz, Texas A & M
University, Department of Rural Sociology, College Station, TX
77843-2125. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30601 Snipp, C. Matthew. The
size and distribution of the American Indian population: fertility,
mortality, migration, and residence. Population Research and
Policy Review, Vol. 16, No. 1-2, Apr 1997. 61-93 pp. Dordrecht,
Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper is a descriptive analysis of
the basic demographic characteristics that determine the size and
distribution of the American Indian population. The data reported are
obtained from the 1990 Census, the National Center for Health
Statistics, and the Indian Health Service. Among the findings reported
in this paper is that American Indians have higher levels of fertility
than other groups, especially whites. Mortality due to accidents,
diabetes, and alcohol-related illness is especially high for American
Indians. And despite relatively high levels of residential mobility,
the distribution of the American Indian population has been relatively
stable since 1970."
Correspondence: C. M. Snipp,
Stanford University, Department of Sociology, Building 120, Stanford,
CA 94305. E-mail: snipp@leland.stanford.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30602 Thornton, Russell.
Tribal membership requirements and the demography of
"old" and "new" Native Americans. Population
Research and Policy Review, Vol. 16, No. 1-2, Apr 1997. 33-42 pp.
Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper examines the
twentieth-century population recovery of Native Americans with
reference to urbanization, intermarriage, and differing definitions of
the Native American population from census and tribal enrollment data.
The recent increase in the Native American population reflected in
regular U.S. decennial censuses since 1960 is discussed in terms of
changing self-identification of individuals as `Native American'. Also
discussed are criteria for enrollment in Native America tribes,
particularly blood quantum requirements. Census enumerations are
compared with tribal enrollment data, and it is illustrated that a
large proportion of those identifying as `Native American' in the
census are not enrolled in Native American tribes. Special attention is
given to how Native American tribal enrollment criteria might impact
future population size."
Correspondence: R. Thornton,
University of California, Department of Anthropology, 341 Haines Hall,
Los Angeles, CA 90024. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
