Studies with an emphasis on locational patterns and their interpretation.
Studies of rural and urban populations considered together. Studies that are concerned primarily with the movement of population are classified under H. Migration. Studies concerned with the definition of urban or rural areas and with boundary changes are classified here or in O.1. Population Statistics, General Aspects.
63:30055 Denis, Eric; Moriconi-Ebrard,
François. The spatial dynamics of the Egyptian
population: new trends. [Dynamiques spatiales de la population
égyptienne: les tendances nouvelles.]
Méditerranée, Vol. 81, No. 1.2, 1995. 91-9 pp.
Aix-en-Provence, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
Recent changes
in the spatial distribution of the population in Egypt are examined.
The authors note that the government's efforts to encourage development
in other areas than the Nile region are likely to conflict with the
tendencies of the free-market development approach that has been
adopted largely as a result of outside pressures. The resolution of
this issue will affect the country's future patterns of population
settlement.
Location: Dartmouth College Library, Hanover,
NH.
63:30056 Gozalvez Perez, Vicente.
Spain: the geography of the population in the postindustrial
era. [L'Espagne: une géographie de la population dans
l'ère postindustrielle.] Méditerranée, Vol. 81,
No. 1.2, 1995. 11-8 pp. Aix-en-Provence, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng.
Using census data, the author analyzes the geography of the
population of Spain over the period 1981-1991. An increase in regional
differences is noted, with the population increasingly concentrated in
the Madrid region and the coastal region between Alicante and Gerona.
Natural increase has declined to below zero in the north; although it
is still positive in the south, it continues to decline. Internal
migration patterns have changed in comparison with the previous decade,
and there is now a movement away from the major industrial centers.
Provincial capitals experienced a growth in population at the expense
of outlying areas.
Correspondence: V. Gozalvez Perez,
Universidad de Alicante, Department of Geography, San Vicente del
Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain. Location: Dartmouth College
Library, Hanover, NH.
63:30057 Le Bras, Hervé.
The settlement of Europe. [Le peuplement de l'Europe.]
Délégation à l'Aménagement du Territoire et
à l'Action Régionale, ISBN 2-11-003580-3. 1996. 204 pp.
La Documentation Française: Paris, France. In Fre.
This is
an analysis of current population trends in the countries of the
European Union, focusing on aspects of spatial distribution.
Significant trends observed include the continued expansion of major
metropolitan areas, which not only now dominate settlement patterns in
the Netherlands, but are becoming increasingly important in England and
Germany. The author charts the growth of a super metropolis along the
Rhine valley from Basel in Switzerland to the North Sea coast, and
suggests that this development may form the backbone of future
demographic developments in the region. The book includes over 200 maps
illustrating these trends.
Correspondence: La Documentation
Française, 29-31 quai Voltaire, 75340 Paris Cedex 07, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30058 Lipshitz, Gabriel.
Spatial concentration and deconcentration of population: Israel as
a case study. Geoforum, Vol. 27, No. 1, Feb 1996. 87-96 pp.
Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The present study examines
population concentration and deconcentration in Israel in 1948-1992,
distinguishing between the local (the metropolitan areas of Tel Aviv,
Jerusalem and Haifa) and national levels. It covers the periods of
immigration in the 1950s and the late 1980s (in the latter mainly from
the former Soviet Union) and the period in between, when the waves of
immigration to Israel died down and internal migration became the main
factor shaping population distribution in Israel. The end of the
article examines the methodological and theoretical significance of the
empirical results."
Correspondence: G. Lipshitz,
Bar-Ilan University, Department of Geography, 52900 Ramat Gan, Israel.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
63:30059 Long, L.; Nucci, A. The
"clean break" revisited: is U.S. population again
deconcentrating? Environment and Planning A, Vol. 29, No. 8, Aug
1997. 1,355-66 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The Hoover index,
calculated across counties and larger spatial units, is again
declining--signalling a renewal of population deconcentration in the
United States. After increasing for several decades, the index declined
in the 1970s when nonmetropolitan population growth surged past
metropolitan-area growth, but the index rose in the 1980s as
metropolitan population growth recovered and surpassed nonmetropolitan
growth. We update these trends, introducing careful controls for
changes in metropolitan-area boundaries, and we incorporate a
`functional urban region' approach. Although the nonmetropolitan
population growth rate is still below the metropolitan rate, we
conclude that in the 1990s some features of the `turnaround' of the
1970s have returned."
Correspondence: L. Long, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Housing and Household Economic Statistics
Division, Washington, D.C. 20233. E-mail: llong@census.gov.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
Studies of urban populations, including those of metropolitan areas and suburban and semi-urban zones. Also includes studies on urbanization insofar as they relate to the effects of migration on urban areas or the socioeconomic and demographic structure of urban populations. Studies on the actual process of rural-urban migration are coded under H.6. Rural-Urban Migration.
63:30060 Batty, M.; Xie, Y.
Preliminary evidence for a theory of the fractal city.
Environment and Planning A, Vol. 28, No. 10, Oct 1996. 1,745-62 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
"In this paper, we argue that the
geometry of urban residential development is fractal. Both the degree
to which space is filled and the rate at which it is filled follow
scaling laws which imply invariance of function, and self-similarity of
urban form across scale. These characteristics are captured in
population density functions based on inverse power laws whose
parameters are fractal dimensions. First we outline the relevant
elements of the theory in terms of scaling relations and then we
introduce two methods for estimating fractal dimension based on varying
the size of cities and the scale at which their form is detected. Exact
and statistical estimation techniques are applied to each method
respectively generating dimensions which measure the extent and the
rate of space filling. These methods are then applied to residential
development patterns in six industrial cities in the northeastern
United States...."
Correspondence: M. Batty,
University College London, Centre for Advance Spatial Analysis, 1-19
Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (UES).
63:30061 Becker, Charles M.; Hamer, Andrew M.;
Morrison, Andrew R. Beyond urban bias in Africa:
urbanization in an era of structural adjustment. ISBN
0-435-08091-1. LC 93-32405. 1994. ix, 294 pp. Heinemann: Portsmouth,
New Hampshire; James Currey: London, England. In Eng.
This is an
analysis of the rapid urbanization that is occurring in Africa. The
authors note that this rapid growth is a natural consequence of the
macroeconomic policies that have been pursued in order to promote
economic development, despite the simultaneous adoption of policies
specifically designed to reduce levels of rural-urban migration. The
book focuses on the evolution of African city systems, charting the
contribution of migration and other factors to urban growth. The
authors attempt to provide answers to such questions as "What
roles do urban areas play in Africa? What forces have caused their
rapid growth in recent years? What determines the structure of incomes
within urban areas, and their level relative to rural incomes? What
public policies matter, and how do they affect urban growth and living
standards? In addressing these questions, we will be able to suggest
appropriate urban and macro policies, and also to assess likely
patterns of future urban growth."
Correspondence:
Heinemann, 361 Hanover Street, Portsmouth, NH 03801-3912.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
63:30062 Bose, Ashish. India's
urban population. 1991 census data: states, districts, cities and
towns. ISBN 81-85814-19-8. LC 94-904982. 1994. xiv, 495 pp.
Wheeler Publishing: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
The objective of this
report is to provide statistics on India's urban population as revealed
by the three provisional Census Papers based on the 1991 census. Data
are presented for India as a whole, for its states and districts, and
for union territories and districts.
Correspondence:
Wheeler Publishing, 411 Surya Kiran, 19 K. G. Marg, New Delhi 110
001, India. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.
63:30063 Brockerhoff, Martin; Brennan,
Ellen. The poverty of cities in the developing world.
Policy Research Division Working Paper, No. 96, 1997. 54 pp. Population
Council, Research Division: New York, New York. In Eng.
"This
study uses indicators of children's status and recent level of infant
mortality to compare well-being across cities of one million or more
residents, smaller cities, and towns within developing
regions....Findings suggest that population variables of size and
growth are critical components of sustainable urban development."
This paper was originally presented at the 1997 Annual Meeting of the
Population Association of America.
Correspondence:
Population Council, Research Division, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza,
New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
63:30064 Gilbert, Alan. The
mega-city in Latin America. ISBN 92-808-0935-0. 1996. xviii, 282
pp. United Nations University Press: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"[This] book contains chapters [by various authors] on each of
Latin America's six largest cities (Mexico City, São Paulo,
Buenos Aires, Rio de Janeiro, Lima, and Santa Fé de
Bogotá). The book also has four thematic chapters. The first
discusses the demography of urban growth in the region, and the other
three focus on what are particularly sensitive issues in very large
cities: public administration, transportation, and land, housing, and
infrastructure." Several conclusions are drawn. "First, the
largest cities of Latin America differ greatly in terms of their future
prospects. It is far easier to be optimistic in Buenos Aires than in
Lima. Second, whether urban problems improve or deteriorate has rather
little to do with size of city and a great deal to do with trends in
the wider economy and society. Increasingly, those trends are
determined not just by local decisions but by decisions made outside
the region. Third, Latin America's mega-cities are not going to grow to
unmanageable proportions because their growth rates have generally
slowed. Fourth, management is a critical issue for the future but it is
difficult to know whether the quality of management will improve or
deteriorate through time."
Correspondence: United
Nations University Press, United Nations University, 53-70 Jingumae
5-chome, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30065 Gugler, Josef. Cities in
the developing world: issues, theory, and policy. ISBN
0-19-874216-9. LC 96-38159. 1997. xviii, 396 pp. Oxford University
Press: New York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
This is an
interdisciplinary, collective work on aspects of urbanization in
developing countries. The contributions presented here "have been
grouped to explore five aspects of urbanization: the strategies of
rural-urban migrants and migration policies; the characteristics and
problems of the urban labour-market; the survival strategies of the
urban poor and attempts at social engineering so as to transform urban
society; housing needs, environmental problems, and the policies
designed to address them; and the various ways in which political
actors in the urban arena co-opt, confront, and impose themselves on
each other to shape local and national policies. These studies are
preceded by a section exploring theoretical perspectives on
urbanization--`modernization theory', `dependency theory', `world
system theory', the `urban bias' approach--and related policies.
Introductions to each of these six sections put the contributions into
context."
Correspondence: Oxford University Press,
Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30066 Guichard, François.
Portugal and the urban challenge: the stakes and risks of
metropolitanization. [Le Portugal au défi de l'urbain:
enjeux et périls de la métropolisation.]
Méditerranée, Vol. 81, No. 1.2, 1995. 5-10 pp.
Aix-en-Provence, France. In Fre. with sum. in Por.
The rapid
urbanization that has occurred in Portugal over the past 15 years is
analyzed and the functional, demographic, and psychosocial implications
are assessed. The author notes that this demographic change has
occurred concurrently with a decline in emigration, the expansion of
universal education, and the modernization of the
economy.
Correspondence: F. Guichard, Université de
Bordeaux III, Maison des Pays Ibériques, 33405 Talence Cedex,
France. Location: Dartmouth College Library, Hanover, NH.
63:30067 Hashiya, Hiroshi.
Urbanization in the Republic of Korea and Taiwan: a NIEs
pattern. Developing Economies, Vol. 34, No. 4, Dec 1996. 447-69
pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"This paper will present an analysis
of urban structure in the Republic of Korea and Taiwan, which formed as
these regions evolved into so-called `newly industrializing economies'
(NIEs)....In Korea and Taiwan [the process of] over-urbanization and
expansion of primate cities was already under way during the colonial
period; but in the postwar process of rapid industrialization, their
urban structures began to change again, giving rise to characteristics
not observed in other developing countries. The first task of this
paper is to analyze these characteristics in terms of a NIE....The
second task...is to undertake comparative analysis of the two
types....In Korea the rise of `regionalism' and the formation of an
urban poor social stratum generated serious social conflict. Analyzing
these problems is the third task of this
paper."
Correspondence: H. Hashiya, Tokyo Keizai
University, Faculty of Economics, Tokyo, Japan. Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30068 Jones, Barclay G.; Koné,
Solomane. An exploration of relationships between
urbanization and per capita income: United States and countries of the
world. Papers in Regional Science, Vol. 75, No. 2, Apr 1996.
135-54 pp. Urbana, Illinois. In Eng.
"The relationship between
urbanization and level of income has been the subject of considerable
theoretical debate and empirical study for many years. However, little
recent work has been done to determine whether or not previous findings
still hold, and there has been even less multi-country analysis to
explore the degree of generality. Analysis of data for metropolitan
areas in the United States from 1970 to 1990 indicates per capita
income increases directly with population size. For states of the
United states and 113 countries for 1960 and 1980 a strong positive
relationship exists and holds temporally between level of per capita
Gross Domestic Product and percent of the population that is
urban."
Correspondence: B. G. Jones, Cornell
University, City and Regional Planning and Regional Science, West
Sibley Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-6701. Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
63:30069 Kano, Hiromasa.
Urbanization in post-revolution Iran. Developing Economies,
Vol. 34, No. 4, Dec 1996. 424-46 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"Post-revolution Iran adopted a development strategy centering
around the three main tactics of controlling the expansion of Tehran,
redistributing various functions to major regional cities, and
promoting the growth of smaller cities in rural areas. The present
paper will take up the problems pertaining to the urbanization
ingredient of the new development plan by investigating if smaller
regional cities have in fact during the post-revolutionary period been
absorbing population surpluses created in Tehran; and if so, to what
scale such population absorption is
functioning."
Correspondence: H. Kano, Tsuda College,
Department of International and Cultural Studies, Tokyo, Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30070 Klein, Herbert S. The
demographic structure of Mexico City in 1811. Journal of Urban
History, Vol. 23, No. 1, Nov 1996. 66-93 pp. Thousand Oaks, California.
In Eng.
"In this study of Mexico City in the nineteenth
century, I propose to analyze the sociodemographic characteristics of
the city as seen in the last of the colonial and the first of the
nineteenth-century censuses, that of 1811. This manuscript census
includes the expected information on place of residence, age, sex,
marital status, origin, and occupation." This census also included
data on caste, which are used, where appropriate, to provide
information on class and status in the analysis.
Correspondence:
H. S. Klein, Columbia University, Morningside Heights, New York,
NY 10027. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30071 Kojima, Reeitsu.
Urbanization from the perspective of developing countries.
Developing Economies, Vol. 34, No. 4, Dec 1996. 349-549 pp. Institute
of Developing Economies [IDE]: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
This special
issue is devoted to articles on urbanization in developing countries.
Topics considered include population migration and urbanization,
restrictive migration policies, political aspects of urbanization,
labor markets, and regional variations in urbanization.
Selected
items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population
Index.
Correspondence: Maruzen, P.O. Box 5050, Tokyo
100-31, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30072 Levinson, David M.; Kumar,
Ajay. Density and the journey to work. Growth and
Change, Vol. 28, No. 2, Spring 1997. 147-72 pp. Cambridge,
Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper evaluates the influence of
residential density on commuting behavior across U.S. cities while
controlling for available opportunities, the technology of
transportation infrastructure, and individual socio-economic and
demographic characteristics. The measures of metropolitan and local
density are addressed separately....Regressions are conducted to
predict commuting time, speed, and distance, by mode of travel on a
cross-section of individuals nationally and city by city. The results
indicate that residential density in the area around the tripmaker's
home is an important factor: the higher the density the lower the speed
and the shorter the distance....The paper suggests a threshold density
at which the decrease in distance is overtaken by the congestion
effects resulting in a residential density between 7,500 and 10,000
persons per square mile (neither the highest nor lowest) with the
shortest duration auto commutes."
Correspondence: D.
M. Levinson, University of California, Institute of Transportation
Studies, Berkeley, CA 94720. Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
63:30073 Linden, Eugene. The
exploding cities of the developing world. Foreign Affairs, Vol.
75, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1996. 52-65 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Some
problems posed by the rapid urbanization of the developing world are
reviewed. The author suggests that the fate of these rapidly growing
cities will determine the fate of both nations and regions. He notes
that rather than continuing to swell the megacities, such as Mexico
City, recent demographic trends have been favoring secondary cities,
which are facing increasing problems with proportionally fewer
resources at their disposal. The problems of disease in crowded urban
environments are discussed. The author presents examples of cities with
declining services and quality of life, such as Kinshasa, as well as
examples of more successful city development, such as Curitiba.
Prospects for the successful resolution of urban problems are
assessed.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
63:30074 Ogura, Mitsuo.
Urbanization and apartheid in South Africa: influx controls and
their abolition. Developing Economies, Vol. 34, No. 4, Dec 1996.
402-23 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"This study will take up the
particular aspects and characteristics of urbanization [in South
Africa] from the standpoint of the effects exerted by the apartheid
system. It will then examine the trends which have taken place since
abolition of the pass laws and restrictions on the influx of blacks
into urban areas....[The author considers] the relationship between
restrictions on the movement of blacks into urban areas on the one hand
and the maintenance of low-wage migrant labor and retention of farmland
in home districts on the other."
Correspondence: M.
Ogura, Tsuda College, Department of International and Cultural Studies,
Tokyo, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30075 Pérez, César.
Urbanization and the city in Santo Domingo.
[Urbanización y municipio en Santo Domingo.] Serie
Investigaciones, No. 10, ISBN 84-89525-53-6. 1996. 234 pp. Instituto
Tecnológico de Santo Domingo [INTEC]: Santo Domingo, Dominican
Republic. In Spa.
This is a study of urbanization in the Dominican
Republic; the focus is on the growth of Santo Domingo, its capital
city. The author explores the problems of urbanization, as well as the
political issues involved in administering and controlling such a major
urban conglomeration.
Correspondence: Instituto
Tecnológico de Santo Domingo, Avenida de los Próceres,
Galá, Apartado 342-9, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30076 Pick, James B.; Butler, Edgar
W. Mexico megacity. ISBN 0-8133-8983-6. 1997. xviii,
412 pp. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This book describes and analyzes growth, change, and spatial
patterns in Mexico City, looking at urbanization, population, marriage
and fertility, health and mortality, migration, environment and
housing, social characteristics, the economy, labor force, and
corporate structure. Applying modern techniques of geographic
information systems and spatial analysis, the authors reveal many
previously unknown or unrecognized trends and patterns. In a capstone
chapter, they summarize the spatial patterns in a series of cluster
analyses that identify distinctive zones within the metropolis--a
prosperous core, surrounding complex ring patterns, an impoverished
zone, and semi-rural arms. They also compare the pattern of Mexico
City's cluster zones to the classical and developmental literature on
cities. In closing, the authors suggest government policies that would
foster optimal future development of an even larger
metropolis."
Correspondence: Westview Press, 5500
Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301-2877. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30077 Pumain, Denise. The
urbanization process. [Le processus d'urbanisation.] In:
Démographie: analyse et synthèse. Causes et
conséquences des évolutions démographiques, Volume
3. Apr 1997. 69-89 pp. Centre Français sur la Population et le
Développement [CEPED]: Paris, France; Università degli
Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Scienze Demografiche: Rome,
Italy; Università degli Studi di Siena, Facoltà di
Giurisprudenza: Siena, Italy. In Fre.
This is a general
introduction to the concept of urbanization. There are sections on the
city and urbanization, the urban transition, the dynamics of habitat
systems, and migration and urbanization.
Correspondence: D.
Pumain, Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, 27 rue du
Commandeur, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30078 Pumain, Denise; Saint-Julien,
Thérèse. Urban networks in Europe.
[Réseaux urbains en Europe.] Congresses et Colloquia, No. 15,
ISBN 2-7420-0066-6. 1996. viii, 252 pp. John Libbey Eurotext:
Montrouge, France; Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques
[INED]: Paris, France. In Eng; Fre.
This work contains revised
versions of papers presented at an international colloquium on
urbanization in Europe held in Saint-Cloud, France, October 21-22,
1993. The 16 papers, which are in English or French, are organized into
four sections examining the emerging structure of a European urban
system, new linkages among European cities, the development of urban
policies, and improving comparability in research about cities in
Europe.
Correspondence: John Libbey Eurotext, 127 avenue de
la République, 92120 Montrouge, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30079 Rowland, Richard H.
Patterns of dynamic urban population growth in Russia, 1989-1996: a
research report. Post-Soviet Geography and Economics, Vol. 38, No.
3, 1997. 171-87 pp. Palm Beach, Florida. In Eng.
"The purpose
of this paper is to investigate locations in which rapid urban growth
occurred in Russia over the period 1989 to 1996....Particular emphasis
will be given to the geographical patterns, economic functions, and
population size of rapidly growing towns. In addition, the discussion
of trends for 1989-1996 also will be briefly preceded by and compared
to those of 1979-1989, although the paper will emphasize trends during
the 1990s. Furthermore, the topic of `new towns', which themselves
often are rapidly growing centers, will be addressed as
well."
Correspondence: R. H. Rowland, California State
University, Department of Geography, 5500 University Parkway, San
Bernardino, CA 92407-2397. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
63:30080 Sánchez-Salazar, María
T.; Coll-Hurtado, Atlántida. The Mexico City
Metropolitan Area at the beginning of the nineties: demographic and
socioeconomic indicators in the urban space. Revista
Geográfica, No. 121, Jan-Jun 1995. 65-78 pp. Mexico City,
Mexico. In Eng. with sum. in Spa.
"Currently, the Mexico City
Metropolitan Area (MCMA) is not only the most populated city of Mexico,
but also perhaps worldwide. The population's size and the space it
occupies are the result of a process of rapid growth that has occurred
during the last fifty years, unbalanced industrialization, and
accelerated population growth. The purpose of this study is to present
an analysis of demographic and socioeconomic indicators of the urban
space."
Correspondence: M. T. Sánchez-Salazar,
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Instituto de
Geografía, Ciudad Universitaria, Del Coyoacan, 04510 Mexico
City, DF, Mexico. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30081 Shinoda, Takashi.
Morphology of India's urbanization. Developing Economies, Vol.
34, No. 4, Dec 1996. 520-49 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"This
paper is aimed at presenting the salient features of the morphology of
India's urbanization paying due attention to interstate variations. We
will find a lot of variations among the states in terms of their basic
indices of urbanization. There are six sections in this paper. Section
II deals with how to define an urban area. Section III presents a
picture of the patterns of population transformation in India with due
consideration to changes in the birth and death rates over time.
Section IV examines the main features of the morphology of India's
urbanization, discussing the level of urbanization, primacy patterns,
interstate differences in urbanization, and the components of urban
growth. Section V deals with the structure and pattern of migration in
order to explain the background to India's slow
urbanization."
Correspondence: T. Shinoda, Daito Bunka
University, Faculty of International Relations, Tokyo, Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30082 Sigg, Timm; Koch, Norbert; Weidlich,
Wolfgang. Urban evolution in interaction with population
dynamics. In: Spatial analysis of biodemographic data, edited by
Jean-Pierre Bocquet-Appel, Daniel Courgeau, and Denise Pumain. 1996.
267-80 pp. John Libbey Eurotext: Montrouge, France; Institut National
d'Etudes Démographiques [INED]: Paris, France. In Eng.
"The task of the present paper is the creation of a
mathematical model describing the qualitative phenomena which appear
during such city developments....The choice of an appropriate
configuration space will be the subject of section 2. All appearing
parameters and variables of the closed system without hinterland are
also interpreted there. The next section treats the transition to open
area and the addition of migratory equations. These represent the
relationship between the city and the hinterland. In section 4, some
numeric results of the examined effects will be shown. Finally, a short
summary is given in section 5."
Correspondence: T.
Sigg, University of Stuttgart, Institute of Theoretical Physics,
Pfaffenwaldring 57/III, 70550 Stuttgart, Germany. E-mail:
sigg@theo2.physik.ini-stuttgart.de. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30083 Waldinger, Roger; Bozorgmehr,
Mehdi. Ethnic Los Angeles. ISBN 0-87154-901-8. LC
96-20380. 1996. xiv, 497 pp. Russell Sage Foundation: New York, New
York. In Eng.
This volume contains 15 studies by various authors on
the city of Los Angeles, California, and on the ethnic transformation
that the city has experienced over the course of the twentieth century.
The data are primarily taken from the U.S. censuses of 1970, 1980, and
1990. "The first part, consisting of [an] introductory essay and a
historical chapter that takes the reader from 1900 to 1970, sets the
stage for what will follow. Part 2 examines the implications of the
region's recent ethnic shifts for the jobs its residents hold, the
neighborhoods in which they live, the languages they speak, and the
incomes they earn. Part 3 focuses on the new ethnic mosaic itself, with
chapters on each of the region's major ethnic groups. The last part
sums up the volume's lessons and peers into the future to see where
ethnic Los Angeles might be heading."
Correspondence:
Russell Sage Foundation, 112 East 64th Street, New York, NY 10021.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30084 Zhou, Daming. On rural
urbanization in China. Chinese Sociology and Anthropology, Vol.
28, No. 2, Winter 1995-1996. 9-46 pp. Armonk, New York. In Eng.
The
author reviews "the debate regarding rural urbanization in the
Chinese literature and the political factions that support different
positions. He also introduces us to the complexity of defining
`urbanization' in a Chinese context. He cautions us in the use of the
common but important yardsticks for measuring basic data, such as
growth in the officially registered urban population or an increase in
the number of rurally registered people who change to nonagricultural
registration status, that is, urban-registered status (nong zhuan
fei)." A comparison of urbanization in different prosperous areas
is made.
Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.
Studies of agricultural and farming populations.
63:30085 Cawley, Mary E.
Desertification: measuring population decline in rural
Ireland. Journal of Rural Studies, Vol. 10, No. 4, Oct 1994.
395-407 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper addresses the
issue of rural population decline in the Republic of Ireland during the
past two decades having regard to size of place and estimated net
migration for key age groups. The analysis is pursued at the level of
some 160 Rural Districts. The results of the analysis confirm expected
relationships between peripheral locations, small population size and a
depletion of the young working age groups. The method used, however,
permits the links between size of place, population change and the
composition of that change to be identified with some
precision."
Correspondence: M. E. Cawley, University
College, Department of Geography, Galway, Ireland. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
63:30086 Gale, H. Frederick. Age
cohort analysis of the 20th century decline in U.S. farm numbers.
Journal of Rural Studies, Vol. 12, No. 1, Jan 1996. 15-25 pp. Exeter,
England. In Eng.
"The demographic component of the decline in
U.S. farm numbers is analysed by tracking the size of farm operator age
cohorts....Cohort profiles indicate an inverted U-shape in the
relationship between farm numbers and cohort age. Successive cohorts
have been smaller than their predecessors, and withdrawal rates of
older operators have fallen in recent years. Projections based on
entry-withdrawal patterns for 1987-1992 suggest decline in farm numbers
from 1.93 million in 1992 to 1.48 million in 2002 and 1.29 million in
2007. Imbalance between withdrawing older operators and younger new
entrants could encourage a broadening of the pool of farm entrants and
changes in farm ownership, operating and financing
arrangements."
Correspondence: H. F. Gale, U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Rural Economy Division, Economic Research
Service, 1301 New York Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20005-4788.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30087 Racine, Jean-Luc.
Peasant moorings: village ties and mobility rationales in South
India. Publications du Département de Sciences Sociales,
No. 4, ISBN 0-8039-9349-8. LC 96-34882. 1997. 400 pp. Sage
Publications: New Delhi, India; Institut Français de
Pondichéry: Pondicherry, India. In Eng.
This collective work
is about the dynamics of rural population in southern India, and
particularly the system of temporary migration that has evolved to cope
with the problems of extreme poverty. The data are from surveys
conducted in villages in southern Karnataka. The authors analyze the
various factors that influence the local population to stay or to
migrate, the system of support that families provide to individual
migrants, and how the desire to remain in the place of origin can
compete with the lure of the city and result in the retention rather
than out-migration of a population.
Correspondence: Sage
Publications, M-32 Greater Kailash Market I, New Delhi 110 048, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
