Works of a general and comprehensive nature. Studies that are limited to well-defined problems of demography are cited under the relevant topic and are cross-referenced to this division, if appropriate.
Comprehensive, book-length surveys of the present status of demography and its principal branches, including the historical development of these studies, analytical studies of demography as a whole, and global population studies.
63:30001 Bandarage, Asoka. Women,
population and global crisis: a political-economic analysis. ISBN
1-85649-427-6. LC 96-36915. 1997. xiii, 397 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic
Highlands, New Jersey/London, England. In Eng.
This book presents a
critique of the common assumption that overpopulation is one of the
root causes of the current global crisis. "The first part of the
book looks at conventional ideologies of population control--from
Malthusianism to the contraceptive revolution. In part two, the author
develops an alternative analysis of `overpopulation'--exploring the
roots of the environmental crisis, violence and inequality en route.
Critiquing capitalism, industrialism, patriarchy and white supremacy,
[the author] shows how population control acts as another dimension of
our essentially hierarchical world-order--and one that is moving us
inexorably towards violence and destruction. Finally [she] explores new
global visions and efforts towards peace, justice and ecology--efforts
that place human and planetary reproduction above economic production.
Arguing for a new partnership paradigm which stresses the
interconnectedness of life, the book's political significance lies in
the synthesis of third world, feminist, socialist and ecological
thinking and solutions."
Correspondence: Zed Books, 7
Cynthia Street, London N1 9JF, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30002 Smith, Joseph W.; Lyons, Graham;
Sauer-Thompson, Gary. Healing a wounded world: economics,
ecology, and health for a sustainable life. ISBN 0-275-95601-6. LC
96-44682. 1997. xvi, 208 pp. Praeger: Westport, Connecticut/London,
England. In Eng.
This book argues for a limitationist approach to
the problems of global development. The authors define limitationism as
a branch of environmentalism asserting that there are limits to human
population as well as economic and industrial growth, and that we are
fast approaching those limits or have already exceeded them. In the
first chapter, they outline the case for limitationism and rebut
critiques from economist Julian Simon and others. The second chapter
focuses on the problems of human population growth; the authors
describe current and future environmental consequences of such growth
and discuss concepts such as carrying capacity. The remainder of the
book examines some philosophical issues relating to concepts of
scientific progress and the crises of
civilization.
Correspondence: Praeger Publishers, 88 Post
Road West, Westport, CT 06881. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
Short (fewer than 100 pages), general works on population and global population studies. Items on activities of research institutions in demography are also included.
63:30003 Dahlberg, Kenneth A.
Population dynamics and global change: the need for new conceptual
maps. GeoJournal, Vol. 39, No. 3, Jul 1996. 311-20 pp. Dordrecht,
Netherlands. In Eng.
The author criticizes current approaches to
the study of global population problems as typified by the discussions
at the International Conference on Population and Development, held in
Cairo, Egypt, in 1994. "Current approaches to population: (1)
focus too much on humans and not on their interactions over time with
populations of other species; (2) focus too much on the number of
humans and not on their differential resource use and environmental
impact; (3) accept uncritically the assumptions and concepts of
industrial society regarding the nature of progress and the neutrality
of technologies, markets, and trade. Broader and more integrated
approaches are needed to address current international and global
realities and trends." Some conceptual datasets that would
illustrate a more effective approach to population problems are
introduced.
Correspondence: K. A. Dahlberg, Western
Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008. Location: U.S.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
63:30004 Ehrlich, Isaac; Lui,
Francis. The problem of population and growth: a review of
the literature from Malthus to contemporary models of endogenous
population growth and endogenous growth. Journal of Economic
Dynamics and Control, Vol. 21, No. 1, Jan 1997. 205-42 pp. Amsterdam,
Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper deals with the evolution of
the literature on the problem of population and growth from the
classical period to the recent literature on endogenous growth and
development. The `problem' concerns two distinct issues: 1. how to
explain the observed covariation of the levels and rates of growth of
per capita income and population size over time and space, and 2. how
to improve the human condition represented by these variables through
an accomodating social policy. The evolution of the literature we
survey is reflected by the progressive treatment of key variables as
endogenous, rather than exogenous to the growth process. It is also
reflected by a shift from the historical concern about population
explosion, and its implications for growth, to the more recent concern
about the association between growth and population implosion in many
developed countries."
Correspondence: I. Ehrlich,
State University of New York, Department of Economics, 415 Fronczak
Hall, North Campus, Buffalo, NY 14260-1520. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30005 Macunovich, Diane J. A
conversation with Richard Easterlin. Journal of Population
Economics, Vol. 10, No. 2, 1997. 119-36 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"After an introduction touching on various biographical
highlights, this paper summarizes a wide-ranging discussion with
Richard Easterlin which occurred in the Autumn of 1996. We considered
the Easterlin Hypothesis--its genesis and current status, together with
Easterlin's views on attempts to develop measures of relative
income--and then moved on to `The Fertility Revolution' and questions
regarding the applicability of the theory of household choice in
modernizing societies. This was followed by a discussion of his early
career development and influences on him at that time, ending with
ruminations regarding the current state of economics, and the validity
of training given to young economists
today."
Correspondence: D. J. Macunovich, Williams
College, Department of Economics, Fernald House, Williamstown, MA
01267. E-mail: diane.macunovich@williams.edu. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30006 Pavlík, Zdenek.
Population and development. Acta Universitatis Carolinae:
Geographica, Vol. 30, No. 1-2, 1995. 43-51 pp. Prague, Czech Republic.
In Eng. with sum. in Cze.
The author discusses the development of
human population throughout history. Aspects considered include
technological progress, agricultural development, population growth,
fertility control, economic change, and the demographic
transition.
Correspondence: Z. Pavlík, Charles
University, Faculty of Science, Department of Demography and
Geodemography, Albertov 6, 12 843 Prague, Czech Republic. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
63:30007 Presser, Harriet B.
Demography, feminism, and the science-policy nexus. Population
and Development Review, Vol. 23, No. 2, Jun 1997. 295-31, 463, 465 pp.
New York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This
article argues that whereas gender issues have become central in the
population policy arena, they remain marginal to the demographic field,
and that this marginality has harmful consequences for the development
of demography as a science. This predicament has arisen because of
ideological, not scientific, constraints on the field of
demography--constraints that have a history in how the discipline was
formed and financed and in how key demographic agendas become
rationalized. The rise of modern feminism, with its commitment to
greater gender equality and female empowerment, presents a challenge in
this context; it has limited appeal to those who control key resources
for demographic research. The article argues for the incorporation of a
gender systems approach that directly addresses gender differences in
power, autonomy, and well-being, at both the macro and micro levels,
and for an expansion of data collection that will permit such analyses.
By making gender central to the field, demography will become a more
relevant science for understanding social inequality and population
change."
This paper was originally presented at the 1996 Annual
Meeting of the Population Association of America.
Correspondence: H. B. Presser, University of Maryland,
Department of Sociology, Center on Population, Gender, and Social
Inequality, College Park, MD 20742. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
63:30008 Schoumaker, Bruno; Tabutin,
Dominique; Willems, Michel. Population trends and
differences in the world (1950-1995). [Dynamiques et
diversités démographiques dans le monde (1950-1995).] In:
Démographie: analyse et synthèse. Causes et
conséquences des évolutions démographiques, Volume
3. Apr 1997. 129-61 pp. Centre Français sur la Population et le
Développement [CEPED]: Paris, France; Università degli
Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Scienze Demografiche: Rome,
Italy; Università degli Studi di Siena, Facoltà di
Giurisprudenza: Siena, Italy. In Fre.
The authors summarize global
population developments over the course of the second half of the
twentieth century. They suggest that this period has seen the most
significant demographic changes ever recorded in human history, in that
the total population has grown from 2.5 to 5.8 billion, the spatial
distribution of the world's population has shifted from the developed
to the developing world, urbanization has proceeded apace, and a global
demographic transition from high to low levels of mortality and
fertility has largely been achieved.
Correspondence: B.
Schoumaker, Université Catholique de Louvain, Institut de
Démographie, 1 place Montesquieu, B.P. 17, 1348
Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
63:30009 Smail, J. Kenneth.
Averting the 21st century's demographic crisis: can human numbers
be reduced by 75%? Population and Environment, Vol. 18, No. 6, Jul
1997. 565-80 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"Within the next
half-century, it will be essential for the human species to have fully
operational a flexibly designed, essentially voluntary, broadly
equitable and internationally coordinated set of initiatives focussed
on reducing the then-current world population by at least 75%. Given
that even with the best of intentions it will take considerable time,
exceptional patience and consummate diplomatic skill to develop and
implement such an undertaking, probably on the order of 25 to 50 years,
it is important that this process of voluntary consensus
building--local, national and global--begin now....In order better to
appreciate the scope and ramifications of this still partly-hidden
crisis, I shall briefly call attention to ten essential,
incontrovertible and inescapable realities that must not only be fully
understood but soon confronted."
Correspondence: J. K.
Smail, Kenyon College, Department of Anthropology, Olof Palme House,
Gambier, OH 43022-9623. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
Discussions of the main principles of demography and population theory not applied to actual data, including such concepts as Malthusianism, the demographic transition, overpopulation, optimum population, and stable and stationary population models as distinct from methodological studies and models using data, which are classified under N. Methods of Research and Analysis Including Models.
63:30010 Broome, John. The
welfare economics of population. Oxford Economic Papers, Vol. 48,
No. 2, Apr 1996. 177-93 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Intuition suggests there is no value in adding people to the
population if it brings no benefits to people already living: creating
people is morally neutral in itself. This paper examines the
difficulties of incorporating this intuition into a coherent theory of
the value of population. It takes three existing theories within
welfare economics--average utilitarianism, relativist utilitarianism,
and critical-level utilitarianism--and considers whether they can
satisfactorily accommodate the intuition that creating people is
neutral."
Correspondence: J. Broome, University of St.
Andrews, Department of Moral Philosophy, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9AL,
Scotland. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
63:30011 Jackson, William A.
Population growth: a comparison of evolutionary views.
International Journal of Social Economics, Vol. 22, No. 6, 1995. 3-16
pp. Bradford, England. In Eng.
"Economists are divided about
population growth: the pessimism of neo-Malthusians contrasts strongly
with the optimism of cornucopians. Despite their differences, however,
both schools of thought reject economic orthodoxy and prefer
evolutionary forms of theory. Their interpretations of evolution are
different: the neo-Malthusians appeal to the entropy law, whereas the
cornucopians emphasize human creativity expressed through markets. [The
author argues] that both schools are right to adopt an evolutionary
outlook, but that they are too restrictive in their conception of
evolution. A more complete evolutionary view, which allows properly for
social institutions, could give a more balanced account of population
growth."
Correspondence: W. A. Jackson, University of
York, Department of Economics and Related Studies, Heslington, York YO1
5DD, England. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
63:30012 Toye, John. Keynes on
population and economic growth. Cambridge Journal of Economics,
Vol. 21, No. 1, Jan 1997. 1-26 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper provides an account of the development of Keynes's
writings on population, the subject which many of his contemporaries
saw as his intellectual Achilles' heel. In particular, it shows the
central role of Keynes's unpublished manuscript entitled `Population'
in the evolution of his later work on this topic....This has hitherto
been underestimated. The content of Keynes's early neo-Malthusianism is
explored. His defeat in debate with Beveridge in 1923-24 and the phases
of his subsequent recantation of neo-Malthusianism are then considered,
as are his views on birth control. The paper concludes with an
assessment of whether Schumpeter's negative judgement of Keynes on
population can be sustained."
Correspondence: J. Toye,
University of Sussex, Institute of Development Studies, Brighton BN1
9RE, England. E-mail: ids@sussex.ac.uk. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
Interdisciplinary studies of demographic problems and studies of the interaction of demography with other disciplines. This coding is also used for reports, studies, and surveys from other disciplines that include information of demographic interest.
63:30013 Stojanovic, Branislav; Mihajlovic,
Slavica. Basic elements for demo-geographic
regionalization. [Osnovni elementi za demogeografsku
regionalizaciju.] Stanovnistvo, Vol. 34, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1996. 99-116
pp. Belgrade, Yugoslavia. In Slv. with sum. in Eng.
The authors
discuss the growth of the discipline of demo-geography. "Among the
major theoretic and methodological issues of demogeography are the
problems relating to regional distribution and classification of the
population....By combining several geodemographic regionalizations...it
is possible to acquire a new quality, that is general geodemographic
regionalization. This regionalization...may be used for formation of
the base for general geographic regionalizations as an objective
expression of the actual differentiation of the space observed into
separate territorial complexes in which no element or segment is
overemphasized."
Correspondence: B. Stojanovic,
Geografski Institut Jovan Cvijic SANU, Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
Major demographic textbooks and teaching aids, general surveys and collections of readings that are particularly suitable as supplements to coursework, studies on the organization and coverage of training programs in demography, and selected items on population education.
63:30014 Bueno Sánchez,
Eramis. Population and development: alternative foci for
population studies. [Población y desarrollo: enfoques
alternativos de los estudios de población.] ISBN 959-7005-01-8.
1994. 237 pp. Universidad de la Habana, Centro de Estudios
Demográficos [CEDEM]: Havana, Cuba. In Spa.
This is a
textbook on demography developed by the author while teaching courses
at universities in Bolivia and Mexico. The first part focuses on basic
demographic variables, the demographic transition, and the world
population situation. The second part examines economic aspects of
population, concentrating on the labor force and its reproduction. The
third part looks at the relationship between population and
development, and includes consideration of population policy
issues.
Correspondence: Universidad de la Habana, Centro de
Estudios Demográficos, Avenida 41 Número 2003, Playa 13,
Havana, Cuba. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30015 Matthews, Stephen A.; Rosenberg,
Mark. Teaching medical geography. Journal of
Geography in Higher Education, Vol. 19, No. 3, Nov 1995. 317-34 pp.
Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"A `Teaching Medical Geography'
workshop was held at the 1994 Meeting of the Association of American
Geographers (AAG), co-sponsored by the Medical Geography Specialty
Group of the AAG and the International Geographical Union (IGU)
Commission on Health, Environment and Development....The workshop
included eight modules (six of which are presented here)." The
focus was on practical ways to teach specific aspects of medical
geography. The modules were the following. Vital statistics: rates,
ratios and proportions, by Dona Schneider. The importance of teaching
basic statistics in medical geography, by Robert Earickson. The
diffusion of epidemics on networks, by James Wilson. Teaching medical
geography students about seasonal affective disorder, by Alan Baker.
Applying social theory in medical geography, by Will Gesler. Collecting
and presenting data on women's health, by Stephen A.
Matthews.
Correspondence: S. A. Matthews, Pennsylvania
State University, Population Research Institute, University Park, PA
16802-6211. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
63:30016 Pol, Louis G.; Thomas, Richard
K. Demography for business decision making. ISBN
1-56720-014-1. LC 96-46087. 1997. x, 270 pp. Quorum Books: Westport,
Connecticut. In Eng.
This book is intended as an introduction to
the concepts and methods of business demography, defined as the
application of demographic data and methods to business
decision-making. The authors introduce basic concepts, then present an
overview of recent and future demographic trends. They elaborate on the
application of current demographic methods to planning and marketing in
the contemporary business environment, and illustrate their points with
numerous charts, maps, and sidebars. They also provide many examples of
real-world situations in which demographic methods, data, perspective,
and theory are actively applied. With sections on sources of
health-care data, the calculation of demographic rates, the demographic
resources available, and up-to-date statistics on current demographic
trends, the book is intended as a resource for professionals as well as
those in the academic community. The geographical focus is on the
United States.
Correspondence: Quorum Books, Greenwood
Publishing Group, 88 Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
