O. The Production of Population Statistics

Studies concerned with the actual production of basic population data. Includes more than governmental publications.

O.1. Population Statistics, General Aspects

Studies on the collection of general demographic statistics and related problems such as studies on data processing.

No citations in this issue.

O.2. Registration of Vital Statistics

Studies of the organization and operation of vital statistics at local and national levels, of international comparability, and of special problems.

63:20463 Cartier, Michel. Population registration and censuses. The Chinese tradition. [Enregistrement de la population et recensements. La tradition chinoise.] Cahiers Québécois de Démographie, Vol. 25, No. 1, Spring 1996. 13-38 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The case of China is in many ways exemplary, due to both its extremely long history and the fact that the Chinese approach influenced other countries over the course of the centuries, and can thus be viewed as a model. The first `censuses' were intended as an administrative tool, to manage lists of those subject to the corvée. As administrative regulations evolved, these lists were made obsolete and replaced, with the change of dynasty in 1644, by fiscal records. From 1740 to 1780, in order to link economic knowledge--especially grain prices--to the demographic situation, the central government urged local authorities to produce nominative records. Genealogies, rich in information, were another source of knowledge. With certain alterations, the Chinese model spread into the surrounding region, including Japan, Vietnam and Korea."
Correspondence: M. Cartier, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, 44 rue de la Tour, 75116 Paris, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

O.3. Population Censuses and Registers

Studies of the organization and operation of population censuses and registers at local and national levels, of international comparability, and of special problems.

63:20464 Blake, Marcus; Openshaw, Stan. Selecting variables for small area classifications of 1991 United Kingdom census data. School of Geography Working Paper, No. 95/5, 1995. 27 pp. University of Leeds, School of Geography: Leeds, England. In Eng.
The authors describe a new classification system for small area census data, and apply it to data from the 1991 census of the United Kingdom in order to classify the smallest areas in Britain for which the census data are available. The purpose of the exercise is to provide "a census data representative small area classification of Britain's residential areas."
Correspondence: University of Leeds, School of Geography, Leeds LS2 9JT, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20465 Emmerling, Dieter; Riede, Thomas. 40 years of the microcensus. [40 Jahre Mikrozensus.] Wirtschaft und Statistik, No. 3, Mar 1997. 160-74 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger.
This essay discusses the history, goals, scope, functions, methodology, and future of the German microcensus, which was begun in the Federal Republic of Germany in 1957. Particular attention is given to the issue of whether making participation voluntary would have a negative effect on data quality.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

63:20466 Gervais, Raymond R. The colonial state and demographic knowledge in French West Africa, 1904-1960. [Etat colonial et savoir démographique en AOF, 1904-1960.] Cahiers Québécois de Démographie, Vol. 25, No. 1, Spring 1996. 101-31 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"Our lack of knowledge on the production of population estimates in France's colonial empire is in sharp contrast to the efforts of British authorities after 1940. To understand this `omission', we have to assess the numerous oppositions existing within the French colonial state....After the first memoranda of 1904 and 1909, colonial census-taking activities were inexorably merged with everyday administrative tasks: taxation, justice, policing, etc. This shift clearly influenced the form and function of demographic knowledge in French West Africa (AOF)....We conclude with a mixed assessment of attempts to amass demographic knowledge and especially of the influence such knowledge actually had on decision-making."
Correspondence: R. R. Gervais, McGill University, Centre d'Etudes sur les Régions en Développement, 845 rue Sherbrooke Ouest, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2T5, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20467 Hungary. Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (Budapest, Hungary). 1990 population and housing census. Summary report on the data collection and processing. 1995. 219 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Eng.
This is the administrative report on the organization and methods used in the 1990 Hungarian census. Comparisons are made with previous censuses and with censuses in other countries.
Correspondence: Központi Statisztikai Hivatal, Keleti Karoly Utca 5-7, 1525 Budapest II, Hungary. Location: University of Texas, Population Research Center Library, Austin, TX. Source: APLIC Census Network List, No. 165, Jul-Aug 1996.

63:20468 Kuciarska-Ciesielska, Marlena; Nowak, Lucyna. The national population and housing census, 2000. [Narodowy spis powszechny ludnosci i mieszkan, 2000.] Wiadomosci Statystyczne, Vol. 42, No. 2, Feb 1997. 1-12 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The authors describe changes proposed for the census scheduled for the year 2000 in Poland. These include changes in coverage, definitions, methods of tabulation, and concepts. Some of these changes concern data on households and families, fertility, and economic activities.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20469 Lardinois, Roland. Rumblings, resistances, rebellions: the implementation of censuses in colonial India (eighteenth to twentieth centuries). [Rumeurs, résistances, rébellions: la mise en place des recensements dans l'Inde coloniale (XVIIIe-XXe siècles).] Cahiers Québécois de Démographie, Vol. 25, No. 1, Spring 1996. 39-68 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The author examines how the population of colonial India reacted to enumeration practices developed by the British for fiscal and demographic purposes. Three types of reactions predominated during this period: rumblings, resistance--either spontaneous (primarily among the Santhal tribes) or politically organized, sparked by the nationalist movement of the 1920s and 1930s--and violent revolts, especially among the tribal Bhil in western India. It is interesting to relate such reactions, which often intermingled, to the building of a modern colonial state."
Correspondence: R. Lardinois, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 15 quai Anatole France, 75700 Paris, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

O.4. Surveys

Studies of periodic or special surveys relevant to population studies, excluding KAP (knowledge, attitudes, and practice of family planning) studies, which are coded under F.4.4. Attitudes toward Fertility and Fertility Control.

63:20470 Bicego, George; Curtis, Siân; Raggers, Hendrik; Kapiga, Saidi; Ngallaba, Sylvester. Sumve survey on adult and childhood mortality, Tanzania, 1995: in-depth study on estimating adult and childhood mortality in settings of high adult mortality. Feb 1997. xii, 92 pp. Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys [DHS]: Calverton, Maryland. In Eng.
The results of an in-depth survey of adult and infant mortality in Tanzania are presented in this report. "The Sumve Survey on Adult and Childhood Mortality (SACM) was fielded from May to October 1995 and was intended to test the hypothesis that reasonably complete and reliable birth history information could be collected through proxy interviews. It was envisaged that, should the new method of data collection prove feasible, information on deceased women could be obtained from surviving relatives. This report contains (1) a detailed description of the SACM methodology, (2) the health and socio-demographic profile of the SACM study population, and (3) results and discussion regarding the SACM experience with proxy birth history reporting."
Correspondence: Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Suite 300, Calverton, MD 20705. E-mail: reports@macroint.com. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20471 Eritrea. National Statistics Office (Asmara, Eritrea); Macro International. Demographic and Health Surveys [DHS] (Calverton, Maryland). Eritrea Demographic and Health Survey, 1995. Mar 1997. xxii, 324 pp. Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys [DHS]: Calverton, Maryland. In Eng.
Results from the 1995 Eritrea Demographic and Health Survey are presented in this report. This survey involved a nationally representative sample of 5,054 women aged 15-49 and 1,114 men aged 15-59. Following a chapter describing survey methodology, there are chapters on the characteristics of households and respondents, fertility, fertility regulation, other proximate determinants of fertility, fertility preferences, early childhood mortality, maternal and child health, maternal and child nutrition, AIDS and other sexually transmitted diseases, maternal and adult mortality, female circumcision, and local availability of family planning and health services.
Correspondence: Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys, Suite 300, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Calverton, MD 20705. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20472 Govindasamy, Pavalavalli; Vaessen, Martin. Informed respondent approach to data collection: an experimental study in Nepal. DHS Working Paper, No. 22, Feb 1997. 13 pp. Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys [DHS]: Calverton, Maryland. In Eng.
"This document presents the findings of the Informed Respondent Approach (IRA) to data collection implemented in an experimental way in Nepal. The participants were female interviewers from the 1996 Nepal Family Health Survey (NFHS), which is part of the worldwide Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) program....The study had two main objectives. Firstly, to collect qualitative information that would enhance the understanding of the quantitative data already collected, by focussing on some open-ended questions that addressed women's actions and opinions. Secondly, to obtain feedback from interviewers on questions which may have posed a problem, that is, may have been embarrassing to ask or answer, or difficult to understand, that could shed more light on the quality and kind of responses obtained in the NFHS."
Correspondence: Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys, 11785 Beltsville Drive, Calverton, MD 20705. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20473 Hertrich, Véronique. Are men's and women's answers to be equally trusted? Dual data collection on fertility and marriage issues in a population in Mali. [Les réponses des hommes valent-elles celles des femmes? Une double collecte sur les questions génésiques et matrimoniales dans une population du Mali.] Population, Vol. 52, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1997. 45-61 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"In this paper the author compares statements made by men and women respectively in replying to a dual survey [in Mali] about aspects of their married lives and children born in their marriages. Contrary to expectation, men's report on pregnancies which did not result in a live birth were more accurate than those of women....Failure to report the deaths of young children is, on the other hand, more common among men and estimates of mortality derived from their reproductive histories are thus lower than those obtained from an analysis of data reported by women....As regards marriage, information obtained from men tends to be more reliable than that obtained from women....This is probably a reflection of their greater involvement in the marriage process."
Correspondence: V. Hertrich, Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. E-mail: hertrich@ined.fr. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20474 Kaufmann, Rachel B.; Morris, Leo; Spitz, Alison M. Comparison of two question sequences for assessing pregnancy intentions. American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 145, No. 9, May 1, 1997. 810-6 pp. Baltimore, Maryland. In Eng.
The authors examine the problems involved in measuring pregnancy intentions, particularly concerning the level of unwanted pregnancies among young women. "Using a randomized crossover design, National Survey of Family Growth [NSFG] and Demographic and Health Survey [DHS] intendedness questions were asked in a 1993 survey of Arizona women aged 18-44 years. Of 2,352 ever-pregnant respondents, 25% gave discordant responses to DHS and NSFG questions about the most recent pregnancy. Age, marital status, household income, education, parity, time since pregnancy, and outcome of pregnancy were significantly predictive of discordant responses. DHS and NSFG questions yielded similar prevalence estimates of intendedness and wantedness; but young, unmarried respondents gave more `mistimed' responses on whichever question was asked later. Classifying pregnancies as intended, mistimed, or unwanted may be a problem for women who have not decided on lifetime reproductive preferences."
Correspondence: L. Morris, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Reproductive Health, Mailstop K-35, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333. Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).

63:20475 Mondoha, Kassim A.; Schoemaker, Juan; Barrère, Monique. Demographic and Health Survey, Comoros, 1996. [Enquête Démographique et de la Santé, Comores, 1996.] Mar 1997. xviii, 250 pp. Centre National de Documentation et de Recherche Scientifique: Moroni, Comoros; Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys [DHS]: Calverton, Maryland. In Fre.
This report presents results from a DHS survey undertaken in Comoros in 1996. The survey included a representative sample of 2,252 households, involving 3,050 women of reproductive age as well as 795 men. Following descriptions of survey methodology, there are chapters on fertility, family planning, nuptiality and exposure to the risk of pregnancy, fertility preferences, maternal and child health, lactation and nutritional status, infant mortality, and AIDS.
Correspondence: Centre National de Documentation et de Recherche Scientifique, B.P. 169, Moroni, Comoros. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20476 Population Council (New York, New York). Central African Republic 1994-95: results from the Demographic and Health Survey. Studies in Family Planning, Vol. 28, No. 1, Mar 1997. 62-6 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
These are summary results of the 1994-95 Central African Republic Demographic and Health Survey, which covered 5,551 households and 5,884 women aged 15-49; 1,729 men were also interviewed in a subsample of 1,820 households. Tabular data are provided on population characteristics, fertility, current contraceptive use, marital and contraceptive status, postpartum variables, infant mortality, disease prevention and treatment, and nutrition.
Correspondence: Population Council, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20477 Population Council (New York, New York). Colombia 1995: results from the Demographic and Health Survey. Studies in Family Planning, Vol. 28, No. 1, Mar 1997. 67-71 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
These are the summary results from the 1995 Colombia Demographic and Health Survey, which covered 10,112 households and 11,140 women aged 15-49. Tabular data are provided on population characteristics, fertility, current contraceptive use, marital and contraceptive status, postpartum variables, infant mortality, disease prevention and treatment, and nutrition.
Correspondence: Population Council, One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20478 Pradhan, Ajit; Aryal, Ram H.; Regmi, Gokarna; Ban, Bharat; Govindasamy, Pavalavalli. Nepal Family Health Survey, 1996. Mar 1997. xxviii, 250 pp. Ministry of Health, Department of Health Services, Family Health Division: Katmandu, Nepal; New ERA: Katmandu, Nepal; Macro International, Demographic and Health Surveys [DHS]: Calverton, Maryland. In Eng.
"The 1996 Nepal Family Health Survey (NFHS) is a nationally representative survey of 8,429 evermarried women age 15-49. The survey is the fifth in a series of demographic and health surveys conducted in Nepal since 1976. The main purpose of the NFHS was to provide detailed information on fertility, family planning, infant and child mortality, and maternal and child health and nutrition. In addition, the NFHS included a series of questions on knowledge of AIDS. Survey results indicate that fertility in Nepal has declined steadily from over 6 births per woman in the mid-1970s to 4.6 births per woman during the period of 1994-1996. Differentials in fertility by place of residence are marked, with the total fertility rate (TFR) for urban Nepal (2.9 births per woman) about two children less than for rural Nepal (4.8 births per woman)....Fertility decline in Nepal has been influenced in part by a steady increase in age at marriage over the past 25 years. The median age at first marriage has risen from 15.5 years among women age 45-49 to 17.1 years among women age 20-24....Knowledge of family planning is virtually universal in Nepal, with 98 percent of currently married women having heard of at least one method of family planning....There has been a steady increase in the level of ever use of modern contraceptive methods over the past 20 years, from 4 percent of currently married women in 1976, to 27 percent in 1991 and 35 percent in 1996. Among ever-users, female sterilization and male sterilization are the most popular methods (37 percent), indicating that contraceptive methods have been used more for limiting than for spacing births....At current mortality levels, one of every 8 children born in Nepal will die before the fifth birthday, with two of three deaths occurring during the first year of life. Nevertheless, NFHS data show that mortality levels have been declining rapidly in Nepal since the eighties."
Correspondence: Ministry of Health, Department of Health Services, Family Health Division, P.O. Box 2936, Teku, Katmandu, Nepal. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

63:20479 Serbanescu, Florina; Morris, Leo. Young Adult Reproductive Health Survey, Romania, 1996: preliminary report. Apr 1997. iii, 87 pp. International Foundation for Children and Families: Bucharest, Romania; National Institute for Mother and Child Health Care: Bucharest, Romania; National Commission for Statistics: Bucharest, Romania; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], Division of Reproductive Health: Atlanta, Georgia; U.S. Agency for International Development [USAID]: Washington, D.C.; Centre for Development and Population Activities: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This is a preliminary report from a 1996 survey of reproductive health among young adults in Romania. The survey included just over 4,000 young men and women aged 15 to 24, from both rural and urban areas. Following a description of survey methodology, there are chapters on sex education, knowledge of contraception and fertility, sexual activity and marriage, contraceptive usage, and attitudes and opinions about contraception.
Correspondence: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Behavioral Epidemiology and Demographic Research Branch, Division of Reproductive Health, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).