Studies with an emphasis on locational patterns and their interpretation.
Studies of rural and urban populations considered together. Studies that are concerned primarily with the movement of population are classified under H. Migration . Studies concerned with the definition of urban or rural areas and with boundary changes are classified here or in O.1. Population Statistics, General Aspects .
62:20056 Appleby, Stephen.
Multifractal characterization of the distribution pattern of the
human population. Geographical Analysis, Vol. 28, No. 2, Apr 1996.
147-60 pp. Columbus, Ohio. In Eng.
"The generalized entropy,
calculated from the quadrat counts of the population of the United
States and Great Britain, is plotted against the logarithm of the
quadrat size. These graphs are linear over a range of scales that
corresponds to the size of a city up to the size of the country. This
linearity indicates a strong scale-invariant component to the spatial
population distribution pattern. Measurements of the generalized
q-dimensions and alpha spectrum of the spatial population distribution
patterns estimated from these graphs are
presented."
Correspondence: S. Appleby, British
Telecom Laboratories, Systems Research Unit, London, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
62:20057 Giroir, Guillaume.
Population, cultivated lands, and development in China: the case of
Shandong Province. [Population, superficie cultivée et
développement en Chine: le cas du Shandong.] Espace,
Populations, Sociétés, No. 2, 1995. 219-30 pp. Villeneuve
d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"Through the case of
the Shandong Province, this study aims at developing a critical
analysis of some classic models concerning Chinese population
geography. Some maps, based on the ratio rural densities/cultivated
areas, show Shandong as being a [significantly] anomalous province,
with respect to the usual contrast between overpopulated plains and
unpeopled uplands....The notion of saturation of cultivated areas, as
well as that of overpopulation, more generally, the neo-Malthusian
principle, are thrown back into question. Lastly, it appears that [the]
local development level is only slightly determined by demographic
[pressure]."
Correspondence: G. Giroir, 9 rue Albert
1er, 45000 Orleans, France. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
62:20058 Spasovski, Milena.
Density and distribution of population in FR of Yugoslavia.
Yugoslav Survey, Vol. 35, No. 4, 1994. 3-20 pp. Belgrade, Yugoslavia.
In Eng.
Population trends in Yugoslavia, consisting of the
republics of Serbia and Macedonia, are analyzed over the period
1948-1991. The focus is on changes in spatial distribution, density,
and concentration. The author notes a trend toward the concentration of
population in urban areas and the increasing depopulation of the more
remote rural areas.
Correspondence: M. Spasovski,
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Geografski Fakultet PMF, Studentski trg 1,
11001 Belgrade, Yugoslavia. Location: Princeton University
Library (FST).
Studies of urban populations, including those of metropolitan areas and suburban and semi-urban zones. Also includes studies on urbanization insofar as they relate to the effects of migration on urban areas or the socioeconomic and demographic structure of urban populations. Studies on the actual process of rural-urban migration are coded under H.6. Rural-Urban Migration .
62:20059 Bose, Ashish; Shanbhogue, Suresh;
Bist, Mohan S. India's urban population: 1991 census data.
States, districts, cities and towns. ISBN 81-85814-19-8. 1994.
xiv, 495 pp. Wheeler Publishing: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
"This book provides quick and ready access to the 1991 census
data. It presents a set of 27 key tables on India's urbanisation, based
on the provisional results of the 1991 census. A separate section is
devoted to each state or union territory, and the relevant data at the
district, city and town level are presented in a simplified manner for
ready reference."
Correspondence: A. H. Wheeler, 411
Surya Kiran, 19 K.G. Marg, New Delhi 110 001, India. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:20060 Cawley, Mary. Town
population change in the Republic of Ireland: the need for an urban
policy review. Regional Studies, Vol. 30, No. 1, Feb 1996. 85-9
pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"This article argues for the
adoption of a co-ordinated urban planning policy in the Republic of
Ireland where towns now accommodate 64% of the total population. A
review of trends in town population change for the years 1986-91
suggests that the ad hoc approach to planning urban employment and
service provision that exists currently is inadequate to prevent major
disparities in population distribution becoming exacerbated between
large and small settlements and between regions within the state. These
disparities are the result in part of fundamental economic
restructuring which is related to international trends but they also
reflect the gradual withdrawal by the Irish Government from regional
planning from the mid-1980s on. By way of introduction to the
discussion of the empirical evidence, an earlier phase of Irish urban
and employment planning is reviewed
briefly."
Correspondence: M. Cawley, University
College, Department of Geography, Galway, Ireland. Location:
Princeton University Library (UES).
62:20061 Fuchs, Roland J.; Brennan, Ellen;
Chamie, Joseph; Lo, Fu-chen; Uitto, Juha I. Mega-city
growth and the future. ISBN 92-808-0820-6. 1994. vii, 428 pp.
United Nations University Press: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"The
turn of the twenty-first century will mark a divide from a
predominantly rural world to one where the majority of people will be
living in cities. By the year 2000 there will be more than 400 cities
in the world with over 1 million inhabitants. Of these, 28 will be
mega-cities with populations exceeding 8 million, and two-thirds of
these mega-cities will be in the developing countries....[This book
examines] a range of issues related to the mega-city phenomenon. Part
one deals with the growth of mega-cities and explores demographic
issues, labor force change in the big cities of Asia, the effects of
macroeconomic forces on the world city system, and the relations
between technology and the city. In part two the discussion focuses on
the economic and social consequences of mega-city growth. Part three
looks at the crucial issue of the management of mega-cities, taking up
such issues as infrastructure financing, land and shelter needs,
transportation, and environmental management. The final chapter
examines priority urban management issues in developing countries and
derives a research agenda for the 1990s."
Correspondence:
United Nations University Press, 53-70 Jingumae 5-chome,
Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150, Japan. Location: Princeton University
Library (UES).
62:20062 Geyer, Hermanus.
Expanding the theoretical foundation of differential
urbanization. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale
Geografie/Journal of Economic and Social Geography, Vol. 87, No. 1,
1996. 44-59 pp. Utrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Recently, the
concept of differential urbanization was introduced. It conceptually
links the processes of urbanization, polarization reversal, and
counterurbanization across the development spectrum in the First and
Third Worlds. Based on supporting evidence in developed and less
developed countries, this study expands the theoretical foundation of
the concept by first focusing on a graphical analysis of the processes
of urbanization, polarization reversal, and counterurbanization.
Secondly, it looks into the explanations given for counterurbanization.
Thirdly, factors likely to influence post-counterurban migration trends
are discussed, and finally, the relevance of certain causes of
differential urbanization given in the literature are
explored."
Correspondence: H. Geyer, Potchefstroom
University, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Potchefstroom
2520, South Africa. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
62:20063 Gihula, Terence J.
Metropolitan population growth and distribution in the American
South, 1970-1990. Southeastern Geographer, Vol. 34, No. 2, Nov
1994. 108-24 pp. Athens, Georgia. In Eng.
"Southern
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) are rated among the nation's
leaders in [U.S.] population growth in recent decades. Growth and
rankings of MSAs are examined using Pannell's (1974) method. A linear
rank-size pattern of cities is revealed, with centers of greatest
population growing larger while smaller centers follow with
proportionally smaller population changes. A regression model provided
some support for the contention that city sizes affect city growth
rates. Additional factors in southern metropolitan growth and decline
were considered. Introduction of a labor cost factor into the
regression model provided moderate support in accounting for variation
in MSA growth rates. Several MSAs grew at rates predicted by the
regression model while others performed differently than expected.
Explanations for variations are presented for selected
MSAs."
Correspondence: T. J. Gihula, University of
Tennessee, Department of Geography, Knoxville, TN 37996-1420.
Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.
62:20064 Graizbord, Boris. The
urban anthropology of middle-sized cities. [Antropología
urbana de las ciudades medias.] Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos,
Vol. 9, No. 2, May-Aug 1994. 277-501 pp. El Colegio de México:
Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
The focus of this
issue is on urban development and growth in Mexico. Articles are
included on the appeal of medium-sized cities; the study of urban
communities; historic patterns of urbanization; domestic units in a
regional urban system; regional development policy; socio-geographic
urban segregation; and anthropology of industrial
cities.
Correspondence: El Colegio de México,
Departamento de Publicaciones, Camino al Ajusco 20, 10740 Mexico City,
DF, Mexico. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:20065 Heller, Daniel. Trade
restrictions, migration, and economic geography. Schweizerische
Zeitschrift für Volkswirtschaft und Statistik/Revue Suisse
d'Economie Politique et de Statistique/Swiss Journal of Economics and
Statistics, Vol. 131, No. 3, Sep 1995. 535-46 pp. Basel, Switzerland.
In Eng. with sum. in Ger; Fre.
"This paper investigates why
Third World cities have been growing in the last several decades much
more quickly than cities in industrialized countries. For this purpose,
we develop a Krugman-type model of economic geography with two
continents, North and South, each of which consisting of two regions,
East and West. We study the impact different levels of transport costs
and tariffs exert on the distribution of economic activities among the
regions. We find that lower costs for transport between the regions in
the South, for instance, induced by an improved infrastructure, as well
as lower tariffs on intercontinental trade tend to lead to less
concentrated economies."
Correspondence: D. Heller,
Swiss National Bank, 8022 Zurich, Switzerland. Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
62:20066 Larivière,
Jean-Pierre. Urbanization in China. [L'urbanisation
en Chine.] Espace, Populations, Sociétés, No. 2, 1995.
249-58 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre.
Four aspects of
current urbanization trends in China are analyzed in this article. They
are changes over time, differences among provinces, the recent
acceleration in the pace of urbanization, and attempts to control
migration through policy measures.
Correspondence: J.-P.
Larivière, Université de Rennes 2, 6 avenue Gaston
Berger, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
62:20067 Lilja, Sven. The
geography of urbanization--Sweden and Finland, c. 1570-1770.
Scandinavian Economic History Review, Vol. 42, No. 3, 1994. 235-56 pp.
Lund, Sweden. In Eng.
"In this article Swedish urbanization is
considered as a long term growth cycle. The urban system expanded both
geographically and demographically during the seventeenth century. Many
new towns were founded, and urban growth rates were generally high.
Swedish urban geography was characterized by peripheral expansion
mainly towards northern Sweden. At the same time there was a strong
tendency towards the centralization of urban resources....During the
eighteenth century several of the seventeenth century trends were
reversed: the centralising tendency ended and indeed regressed, while
general urban growth slowed down....Stockholm became a `stagnation
metropolis' and the eastern-central part of Sweden experienced an urban
setback relative to western Sweden, where several towns, including
Gothenburg, profited from their close connections with the expansive
markets of northern and western Europe."
Correspondence:
S. Lilja, Stockholm University, Department of History, Institute
of Urban History, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
62:20068 Mills, Edwin S.; Lubuele, Laun'
S. Projecting growth of metropolitan areas. Journal
of Urban Economics, Vol. 37, No. 3, May 1995. 344-60 pp. Orlando,
Florida. In Eng.
"This paper is about the determinants of
growth of [U.S.] metropolitan areas (MSAs)." The authors review
and evaluate the relevant literature.
Correspondence: E. S.
Mills, Northwestern University, Kellogg Graduate School of Management,
Department of Finance, Evanston, IL 60208. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
62:20069 Pannell, Clifton W.; Hu, Xueqiang;
Luo, Yu; Leppman, Elizabeth J. Special issue: Chinese
cities and urbanization I. Urban Geography, Vol. 16, No. 6, 1995.
467-559 pp. V. H. Winston and Son: Palm Beach, Florida. Distributed by
Bellwether Publishing. In Eng.
This is the first of two special
issues devoted to urbanization in China. "The seven papers in
these two special issues examine and discuss a few, but by no means
all, of the salient and significant themes associated with China's
extraordinary urbanization and city development. These papers also
enhance and clarify our understanding of the processes of urban growth
and change."
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent
issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Bellwether
Publishing, 8640 Guilford Road, Suite 200, Columbia, MD 21046.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
62:20070 Simon, Patrick. The
renewal of the Parisian population between 1975 and 1990. [Le
renouvellement de la population parisienne entre 1975 et 1990.]
Population, Vol. 50, No. 4-5, Jul-Oct 1995. 1,235-45 pp. Paris, France.
In Fre.
Results of a survey on residential mobility in Paris
undertaken in 1992 are presented. Information is presented both on
moves within the urban region and on migration to the city from the
rest of France and from abroad. A general trend toward greater
stability is noted.
Correspondence: P. Simon, Institut
National d'Etudes Démographiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675
Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
62:20071 United Nations. Department for
Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population
Division (New York, New York). The challenge of
urbanization: the world's largest cities. No. ST/ESA/SER.A/151,
Pub. Order No. E.96.XIII.4. ISBN 92-1-151301-4. 1995. ix, 290 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng.
"The present publication concentrates
on city problems and special city planning issues of the world's large
cities, pinpointing their demographic characteristics, economic
structure, available social services and infrastructure, as well as
current issues facing the city planners....Contained in this volume are
profiles of 100 of the world's large cities, including three cities
each in China and India, two each from a number of large countries with
several large urban centres...and one each from a large number of the
remaining countries."
Correspondence: UN Population
Division, United Nations, New York, NY 10017. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:20072 Warf, Barney; Erickson,
Rodney. Globalization and the U.S. city system. Urban
Geography, Vol. 17, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1996. 126 pp. V. H. Winston and Son:
Palm Beach, Florida. In Eng.
This special issue contains six
articles that examine how the process of globalization has affected
specific cities in the United States. The cities discussed are Miami,
Dallas/Fort Worth, San Francisco, Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Portland
(Oregon). Significant differences in the timing, degree, and nature of
globalization among these cities are noted.
Correspondence:
Bellwether Publishing, 8640 Guilford Road, Suite 200, Columbia, MD
21046. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
62:20073 Xu, Xueqiang; Ouyang, Nanjiang; Zhou,
Chunshan. The changing urban system of China: new
developments since 1978. Urban Geography, Vol. 16, No. 6, 1995.
493-504 pp. Palm Beach, Florida. In Eng.
"The city-size
structure and spatial distribution of the urban system reflect
socioeconomic development and its spatial distribution. By tracking the
development of the urban system, we can not only monitor the
development of the society, but also reveal problems in the process of
development and thereby provide a basis for policymaking....Since 1978
a series of new policies has been introduced, including rural reform,
urban reform, establishment of the socialist market system, the opening
to the outside world, and emphasis on the development of the coastal
region of China. All have contributed to China's emergence as the most
rapidly growing economy in the world and have dramatically changed its
economic structure and pattern of regional development....This paper
focuses on new trends in China's urban system between 1978 and 1990 and
their relationships with economic development during this
period."
Correspondence: X. Xu, Zhongshan University,
Center for Urban and Regional Studies, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
62:20074 Yan, Xiaopei. Chinese
urban geography since the late 1970s. Urban Geography, Vol. 16,
No. 6, 1995. 469-92 pp. Palm Beach, Florida. In Eng.
"Economic
reforms and the opening of China to the outside world beginning in the
late 1970s have provided the impetus for increased research in urban
geography. Major research themes have included urbanization (including
rural to urban migration and control of city size), national and
regional urban systems, and urban morphology and internal spatial
structure. Topics for further investigation in the future should
include the effects of a land market, urban sprawl, and the problems
resulting from the shift to a market-oriented
economy."
Correspondence: X. Yan, Zhongshan
University, Department of Geography, Guangzhou 510275, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
Studies of agricultural and farming populations.
62:20075 Eberhardt, Piotr.
Distribution and dynamics of rural population in Central Eastern
Europe in the 20th century. Geographia Polonica, No. 63, 1994.
75-94 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Eng.
This is an analysis of rural
population trends in Central Eastern Europe during the twentieth
century. The region is defined as including "Estonia, Latvia,
Lithuania, the Kaliningrad District, Belarus, Ukraine, Poland,
Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Rumania, Moldavia, Bulgaria and
Yugoslavia....For each of them the size of rural population and its
density have been evaluated, and then, the dynamics of demographic
evolution described. An important part of the analysis has been the
comparison of rural population to total population. On the basis of
this comparison, structural changes and demographic trends have been
defined. Particular attention has been paid to the processes of
depopulation as well as their range and intensity in rural areas of
Central Eastern Europe."
Correspondence: P. Eberhardt,
Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania PAN, ul.
Krakowskie Przedmiescie 30, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
62:20076 Rola-Kunach, Stefania.
Demographic processes in rural areas. [Procesy demograficzne
na obszarach wiejskich.] Wiadomosci Statystyczne, Vol. 40, No. 10, Oct
1995. 33-8 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
Population trends in the
rural areas of Poland are analyzed over the period 1975-1993. The data
are presented separately on natural increase by province. The author
notes that the population in rural areas is declining, while the
population in urban areas continues to grow.
Correspondence:
S. Rola-Kunach, Glowny Urzad Statystyczny, Al. Niepodleglosci 208,
00-925 Warsaw, Poland. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
