L. Demographic and Noneconomic Interrelations

L.1. General Social Development and Population

62:10681 Agarwal, Nandita. Women, education and population in India. ISBN 81-85613-69-9. 1993. ix, 264 pp. Chugh Publications: Allahabad, India. In Eng.
"The present book...attempts to portray a comparative picture of [the] status of women in different states of India and its impact on population. This book also presents an analysis of the three major components of [the] demographic process: fertility, mortality and migration and tries to project the impact of female age at marriage, female educational level and nature of occupation of female on fertility and mortality behaviour."
Correspondence: Chugh Publications, 2 Strachey Road, Civil Lines, Allahabad, India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10682 Alan Guttmacher Institute (New York, New York). Hopes and realities: closing the gap between women's aspirations and their reproductive experiences. ISBN 0-939253-38-0. 1995. 56 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This report addresses the realities that confront women throughout the world simply because they are women. It deals with a nearly universal aspect of their lives--their singular ability to bear children. It speaks of their aspirations for themselves, their children and their families. And it documents their efforts--often unsuccessful--to limit or plan their childbearing." There are chapters on the basic conditions of women's lives, starting sexual relationships, family size, planning pregnancy and reproductive health, and narrowing the gap between the sexes.
Correspondence: Alan Guttmacher Institute, 120 Wall Street, New York, NY 10005. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10683 Canada. Statistics Canada. Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division (Ottawa, Canada). Women in Canada: a statistical report. 3rd ed. Pub. Order No. 89-503E. ISBN 0-660-15566-4. Aug 1995. 180 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
This report, which is also available in French, examines the current status of women in Canada. It has chapters on women in the population, family status, housing and household facilities, and health.
Correspondence: Statistics Canada, Marketing Division, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada. Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.

62:10684 Correa, Sonia; Reichmann, Rebecca. Population and reproductive rights: feminist perspectives from the South. ISBN 1-85649-283-4. 1994. xiii, 136 pp. Zed Books: Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey/London, England; Kali for Women: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
"Bringing a critical feminist perspective to bear on conventional debates around population, [the authors examine] the interlinking of economic processes, demographic dynamics and women's lives. [They analyze] the detrimental effects on women of past and present fertility management policies. Turning to issues of sexual and reproductive health and women's rights, they argue for the indivisibility of health and rights. [They identify] the challenges which women in the South need to tackle and suggest appropriate strategies for political action by the international women's movement around these issues." The geographical focus is on developing countries.
Correspondence: Zed Books, 7 Cynthia Street, London N1 9JF, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10685 Demko, George J.; Jackson, Michael C. Populations at risk in America: vulnerable groups at the end of the twentieth century. ISBN 0-8133-8946-1. 1995. xiii, 186 pp. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In Eng.
This is a collection of studies on vulnerable, or disadvantaged, populations in the United States at the end of the twentieth century, and on the severe and persistent social problems associated with them. "These troubling dilemmas, including poverty, homelessness, discrimination, and severe inequity, afflict some subgroups of the population more than others, and it is the plight of these at-risk groups--children, growing numbers of homeless families and individuals, people of color, poor mothers--that this timely volume explores."
Correspondence: Westview Press, 5500 Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301-2877. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10686 Ekouevi, Koffi; Adepoju, Aderanti. Adjustment, social sectors, and demographic change in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of International Development, Vol. 7, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1995. 47-59 pp. Chichester, England. In Eng.
"This paper examines the impact of structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) on social sectors in Sub-Saharan Africa and its implications for demographic change. Our analysis suggests a continuing deterioration of social sectors which may have been accelerated by a decade of implementation of SAPs. In that context, two speculative scenarios are envisioned for the region's demographic change: a delayed demographic transition justified by the persistence of conditions that sustain high fertility; and a crisis-led transition where hardship might accelerate the transition. Country specific studies are more suited than comparative studies to unravel these issues."
Correspondence: K. Ekouevi, African Institute for Economic Development and Planning, B.P. 3186, Dakar, Senegal. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.

62:10687 Hermalin, Albert I. Aging in Asia: setting the research foundation. Asia-Pacific Population Research Reports, No. 4, Apr 1995. 19 pp. East-West Center, Program on Population [POP]: Honolulu, Hawaii. In Eng.
"Asia's populations will grow older at a rapid rate during the next 50 years. Many countries of the region have already completed the transition from high to low fertility rates and are experiencing a rise in the proportions of elderly in their populations. Their governments are concerned about the social and economic consequences of population aging and desire to fashion policies and programs that reflect national cultural and economic profiles. This report first develops a framework for understanding the factors that affect the status and well-being of the elderly. It then spells out the elements of a policy-oriented research agenda that can monitor the transformations likely to occur in the cultural, social, and economic arrangements for the elderly."
Correspondence: East-West Center, Program on Population, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10688 International Social Security Association (Geneva, Switzerland). Migration: a worldwide challenge for social security. Studies and Research, No. 35, ISBN 92-843-1074-1. 1994. vi, 272 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
This report is concerned with the social security implications of current trends in global labor migration. The focus is on the need to ensure that social benefits are provided across national frontiers, and to reduce the considerable disadvantage that migrants face with regard to social security. The report notes that "in this context, the international coordination of social benefit systems and the differing national policies in regard to migratory movements worldwide remain essential. This publication aims at offering an overview of the current situation in a representative number of countries and to describe the consequences on the international level."
Correspondence: International Social Security Association, Case Postale 1, 1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10689 International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP] (Liege, Belgium). Women, poverty and demographic change. [1994]. [650] pp. Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
This publication includes 25 unedited papers from a seminar held in Oaxaca, Mexico, October 25-28, 1994, on aspects of the relationships among women, poverty, and demographic change. There are sessions on the implications of poverty among women for their economic participation, for migration, for fertility, for family roles and status, for health, and for the use of resources and the environment. The geographical focus is on developing countries.
Correspondence: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000 Liege, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10690 McNay, Kirsty. Fertility and frailty: demographic change and health and status of Indian women. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 30, No. 43, Oct 28, 1995. 81-6 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
"While it has become common to infer the social status of women from their demographic characteristics, it is not [enough] to read demographic progress in terms of declines in mortality and fertility to make unambiguous judgments about trends in women's social standing. This paper attempts to distinguish the comparative contributions of fertility decline and relative status improvement to trends in maternal mortality in India and presents evidence showing that advancements in women's demographic attainment may not necessarily involve improvement in their health and status."
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

62:10691 Paris, Chris. Demographic aspects of social change: implications for strategic housing policy. Urban Studies, Vol. 32, No. 10, Dec 1995. 1,623-43 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"This paper endeavours to elucidate some of the connections between housing and society through a review of recent debates on social change, demography and housing, and by reference to and applied study of demographic change and housing policy in Northern Ireland. The paper finds that demographic change and labour market restructuring, in combination, have been crucial factors in the transformation of the nature of social housing provision which is better described as part of a wider socio-tenurial polarisation than as state policy-driven residualisation."
Correspondence: C. Paris, University of Ulster, Magee College, Northland Road, Derry BT48 7JL, Northern Ireland. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).

62:10692 Thapa, Shyam. The human development index: a portrait of the 75 districts in Nepal. Asia-Pacific Population Journal, Vol. 10, No. 2, Jun 1995. 3-14 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
"The data analyzed here clearly indicate that a great disparity in human development exists among the districts of Nepal. They provide an objective assessment of which particular districts are lagging behind in human development in relation to other districts in the country and by how much. The data conceal variations that might exist among different population subgroups, such as males and females, or ethnic groups. To this end, it is hoped that the present analysis encourages further research in improving deficiencies and gaps in our understanding of the HDI [Human Development Index] for the districts in Nepal."
Correspondence: S. Thapa, Family Health International, One Triangle Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10693 Zhang, Junsen; Zhang, Junxi. The effects of social security on population and output growth. Southern Economic Journal, Vol. 62, No. 2, Oct 1995. 440-50 pp. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
"In this paper we have considered two unfunded social security programs. Under the conventional system, benefits are related to aggregate fertility; under the hypothetical fertility-related system, benefits are directly linked to individual fertility. The effects on fertility and per capita growth rates of the two social security systems are examined in the context of endogenous growth." The relative merits of the two systems for developing and developed countries are considered. The authors conclude that "the conventional social security system existing in many developed nations may be desirable to...developing countries in reducing population and promoting economic growth. On the other hand, the hypothetical fertility-related system may be useful to developed countries as far as increasing fertility is concerned."
Correspondence: J. Zhang, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

L.2. Demographic and Political Factors

62:10694 Ahmed, Ghyasuddin. Impact of conflict on demographic factors and their importance in negotiated settlement in southern Africa. Discovery and Innovation, Vol. 6, No. 3, Sep 1994. 291-9 pp. Nairobi, Kenya. In Eng.
"Though the concept of negotiated settlements gained its momentum in southern Africa--Angola, Mozambique, Namibia and South Africa--the full success of negotiations is yet to be seen in most of these countries....Demographic consequences of conflicts are explained through a systemic model. The importance of demographic variables on negotiated settlement has also been explained the same way. There is no easy way out to overcome conflicts...but it is suggested that mutual consultation with opposition parties or minorities, or the suppressed people, would help ease many situations in Africa or elsewhere."
Correspondence: G. Ahmed, University of Botswana, Department of Demography, Private Bag 0022, Gaborone, Botswana. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10695 Labuschagne, G. S.; Muller, M. E. Population and migration in southern Africa in the 1990s. Politikon, Vol. 20, No. 1, Jun 1993. 47-54 pp. Florida, South Africa. In Eng.
"As South and Southern Africa move into the post-apartheid era, various new potential sources of conflict emerge. Many of these originate in the composition and nature of the population of the region and in the movement of population, that is, in migration. The latter takes various forms which impact on the potential for stability and development in varying ways. In southern Africa the phenomenon of migration exhibits some unique characteristics or at least mutations of the broader problem. However, problems of population and migration are universal and therefore cannot be dealt with as exclusively domestic or even regional issues when solutions are sought."
Correspondence: G. S. Labuschagne, University of South Africa, Department of Political Sciences, International Politics Section, P.O. Box 392, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.

62:10696 Merritt, Richard L. Population imbalance and political destabilization. Revue Internationale de Science Politique/International Political Science Review, Vol. 16, No. 4, Oct 1995. 405-25 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"Vast population growth is one of the chief dangers of our times--but perhaps not because of growth size itself. First, scientists and policy makers differ about how many more people the global system can accommodate. Early dreams of endless growth, nationalistic emphases on population quality, and neo-Malthusian claims to the limits of growth remain intellectual challenges. Actual policy is left to nation-states. Second, nation-states rarely have population policies and, when they do, the policies are quite diverse and self-centered. Third, population imbalances and uncontrolled migration enhance a perception of a population danger that in turn fuels political destabilization. Getting through the shoals occasioned if not caused by vast population growth requires improved steering by nation-states and a more serious international effort to deal with global policy."
Correspondence: R. L. Merritt, University of Illinois, Department of Political Science, 361 Lincoln Hall, 702 S. Wright Street, Urbana, IL 61801-3696. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

L.3. Demographic Factors and Health

62:10697 Atkinson, Sarah J.; Farias, Monica F. Perceptions of risk during pregnancy amongst urban women in northeast Brazil. Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 41, No. 11, Dec 1995. 1,577-86 pp. Tarrytown, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The aim of...[this study conducted in northeast Brazil] was to explore the influences on the perceptions of potential risks of pregnancy in a developing country. The perceptions were analyzed in order to construct a local explanatory model of health which could be compared to the activities promoted by the health services. The relationship of perceptions of risk to women's reported motivation for using the health services is assessed."
Correspondence: S. J. Atkinson, University of Manchester, Department of Geography, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, England. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

62:10698 Belliveau, Jo-Anne; Gaudette, Leslie. Changes in cancer incidence and mortality. Canadian Social Trends, No. 39, Winter 1995. 2-7 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
Recent changes in cancer incidence and mortality in Canada are reviewed. The authors note that "although the incidence rate of all cancers combined is much higher now than it was twenty-five years ago, the rate of new cases has levelled off since the mid-1980s....Cancer mortality rates rose slowly between the late 1960s and the mid-1980s and have been relatively stable since then."
Correspondence: J.-A. Belliveau, Canadian Social Trends, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

62:10699 Bhatia, Jagdish C.; Cleland, John. Self-reported symptoms of gynecological morbidity and their treatment in South India. Studies in Family Planning, Vol. 26, No. 4, Jul-Aug 1995. 203-16 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This article presents an analysis of self-reported symptoms of gynecological problems among 3,600 recent mothers in Karnataka State, India. Approximately one-third of all women reported at least one current symptom....Obstetric morbidity, associated with the last live birth, was strongly predictive of current gynecological symptoms. Women who delivered their last child in a private institution were significantly less likely to report symptoms than were those who delivered at home or in a government hospital. Nonusers or users of reversible contraceptive methods were also less likely to report symptoms of morbid conditions than were sterilized women. These associations persisted in analyses controlling for potentially confounding economic and demographic characteristics, and have far-reaching policy implications."
Correspondence: J. C. Bhatia, Indian Institute of Management, Bannerghatta Road, Bangalore 560 076, India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10700 Brookmeyer, Ron; Quinn, Thomas; Shepherd, Mary; Mehendale, Sanjay; Rodrigues, Jeanette; Bollinger, Robert. The AIDS epidemic in India: a new method for estimating current human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence rates. American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol. 142, No. 7, Oct 1, 1995. 709-13 pp. Baltimore, Maryland. In Eng.
"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence rates in India were estimated using a new method that accounts for follow-up bias....The new method combines data on the prevalence of antigenemia among all those initially screened together with the longitudinal follow-up data on the subset of patients who returned for follow-up. Using these methods, the current HIV incidence rate among patients attending sexually transmitted disease clinics in Pune, India, was 18.6% per year. It was found that follow-up bias can cause significant underestimation in HIV incidence rates, perhaps by as much as 60%. These incidence estimates, together with other HIV seroprevalence studies, suggest the HIV epidemic in India is growing rapidly."
Correspondence: R. Brookmeyer, Johns Hopkins University, School of Hygiene and Public Health, Department of Biostatistics, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205. Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).

62:10701 Chandra, Anjani. Health aspects of pregnancy and childbirth: United States, 1982-88. Vital and Health Statistics, Series 23: Data from the National Survey of Family Growth, No. 18, Pub. Order No. DHHS (PHS) 95-1994. ISBN 0-8406-0509-9. LC 95-32301. Aug 1995. vi, 74 pp. U.S. National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS]: Hyattsville, Maryland. In Eng.
"Statistics collected in 1988 are presented on the timing of the first prenatal visit, the source of prenatal care, smoking and alcohol use during pregnancy, low birthweight, and how delivery was paid for. The data are shown by race and characteristics of the mother and the pregnancy. Trends between 1982 and 1988 are also presented."
Correspondence: U.S. National Center for Health Statistics, 6525 Belcrest Road, Hyattsville, MD 20782. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10702 Decosas, J.; Kane, F.; Anarfi, J. K.; Sodji, K. D. R.; Wagner, H. U. Migration and AIDS. Lancet, Vol. 346, No. 8978, Sep 23, 1995. 826-8 pp. New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
The relationship between AIDS and migration is discussed, with an emphasis on the factors that make migrant populations vulnerable to AIDS. The primary geographic focus is on Africa. The article introduces a symposium on this topic, scheduled for October 22-26, 1995, at the European Conference on Tropical Medicine in Hamburg, Germany.
Correspondence: J. Decosas, GTZ Regional AIDS Programme for West and Central Africa, Box 9698 K1A, Accra, Ghana. Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).

62:10703 Dobrzanska, Alina; Prominska, Elzbieta; Tyolewska, Bronislawa. Remarks on nutrition and demographic change in Africa. Mankind Quarterly, Vol. 35, No. 4, Summer 1995. 307-11 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The aim of this paper is to survey the level of structure of nutrition in the light of demographic changes in African countries in the years 1960-1985." Aspects considered include geographic factors, agricultural productivity, population growth, and infant mortality. The authors conclude that "the poverty of the African countries arises from a combination of their very high rates of population increase, [and] their underdeveloped and inefficient agricultural methods which result in low productivity and increasing environmental degradation...."
Correspondence: A. Dobrzanska, Agricultural University, Institute of Human Nutrition, Department of Non-European Studies, Warsaw, Poland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10704 Flegal, Katherine M.; Troiano, Richard P.; Pamuk, Elsie R.; Kuczmarski, Robert J.; Campbell, Stephen M. The influence of smoking cessation on the prevalence of overweight in the United States. New England Journal of Medicine, Vol. 333, No. 18, Nov 2, 1995. 1,165-70 pp. Boston, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"The proportion of U.S. adults 35 to 74 years of age who were overweight increased by 9.6 percent for men and 8.0 percent for women between 1978 and 1990. Since the prevalence of smoking declined over the same period, smoking cessation has been suggested as a factor contributing to the increasing prevalence of overweight....[The authors conclude that] although its health benefits are undeniable, smoking cessation may nevertheless be associated with a small increase in the prevalence of overweight."
Correspondence: K. M. Flegal, U.S. National Center for Health Statistics, 6525 Belcrest Road, Room 900, Hyattsville, MD 20782. Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).

62:10705 Frankenberg, Elizabeth; Mason, William M. Maternal education and health-related behaviors: a preliminary analysis of the 1993 Indonesian Family Life Survey. Journal of Population, Vol. 1, No. 1, Jun 1995. 21-44 pp. Jakarta, Indonesia. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes the relationship between maternal education and two dimensions of behavior that potentially affect infant and child health and survival: knowledge and use of health services, and characteristics of the home environment that might affect the transmission of diseases....Our data are from the household component of the 1993 Indonesian Family Life Survey." Results indicate that there is "a strong relationship between maternal education and a number of health-related factors: the absence of trash and waste in the vicinity of the home, adequate ventilation, drinking and bathing water sources inside the home, electrification, ability to identify specific health providers, early use of prenatal care and delivery assistance. The relationships are robust to controls for household economic status, childhood residence, and even to very rigorous controls for residence."
Correspondence: E. Frankenberg, RAND, 1700 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10706 Grosskurth, Heiner; Mosha, Frank; Todd, James; Mwijarubi, Ezra; Klokke, Arnoud; Senkoro, Kesheni; Mayaud, Philippe; Changalucha, John; Nicoll, Angus; ka-Gina, Gina; Newell, James; Mugeye, Kokugonza; Mabey, David; Hayes, Richard. Impact of improved treatment of sexually transmitted diseases on HIV infection in rural Tanzania: randomised controlled trial. Lancet, Vol. 346, No. 8974, Aug 26, 1995. 530-6 pp. New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
The impact of improved health care for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) on HIV incidence is examined using data from a project developed in rural Tanzania between 1991 and 1994, and involving 12,537 individuals. "We conclude that improved STD treatment reduced HIV incidence by about 40% in this rural population. This is the first randomised trial to demonstrate an impact of a preventive intervention on HIV incidence in a general population."
Correspondence: R. Hayes, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SZ).

62:10707 Inaba, Hisashi. On trends of AIDS and an estimate of the number of those infected with HIV in Japan. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, Vol. 50, No. 4, Jan 1995. 31-44 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
Increases in the numbers of those suffering from HIV infections or AIDS in Japan are examined, using data from the AIDS surveillance system established in May 1989. The results suggest that Japan is experiencing a period of exponential growth in the number of AIDS cases, similar to the European example during the 1980s. A new method for the estimation of the growth in the number of HIV-infected individuals is also presented and applied to the Japanese data.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10708 Kuate Defo, Barthelemy. Effects of socioeconomic disadvantage and women's status on reproductive health. CDE Working Paper, No. 93-18, [1993]. 41 pp. University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology: Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"Using multistate hazards models with unmeasured heterogeneity, this study attempts to disentangle the complexities of the role that socioeconomic factors and women's status play on maternal health. The most important finding from the study is that the burden of illness rests disproportionately on the economically disadvantaged women and on women with low social status." Data are from a survey carried out in Yaounde, Cameroon, between 1978 and 1980.
Correspondence: University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology, 4412 Social Science Building, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1393. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10709 MacQueen, Kathleen M. The epidemiology of HIV transmission: trends, structure and dynamics. Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 23, 1994. 509-26 pp. Palo Alto, California. In Eng.
"This review summarizes dynamic processes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. A brief overview of current trends in the HIV epidemic is followed by a discussion of the basic components of HIV transmission. Several epidemiologic models are then described that seek to delineate how HIV transmission is structured by human relationships and the implications of those structural relationships for the evolving epidemic."
Correspondence: K. M. MacQueen, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of HIV/AIDS, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333. Location: Princeton University Library (DR).

62:10710 Mundigo, Axel. Reproductive health: definitions, data, and challenges. [Salud reproductiva: definiciones, datos y desafios.] Revista Peruana de Poblacion, No. 4, 1994. 105-21 pp. Lima, Peru. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
The author reviews new definitions of and data on reproductive health. "He analyzes the way in which...new concepts affect traditional notions about reproductive events. For instance, the importance of sexual intercourse and the health of couples is being recognized in the context of new risks presented by the HIV/AIDS pandemic and the increase of STDs. The author then describes priority areas for research in reproductive health, contraceptive use dynamics, unwanted pregnancy, determinants and consequences of induced abortion, breastfeeding, spacing and the end of the reproductive period, and maternal morbidity and mortality."
Correspondence: A. Mundigo, Chemin de la Gradelle 20 bis, 1224 Geneva, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10711 Oliveira de Sousa, Alexandra; Waltisperger, Dominique. Maternity among the Bijago of Guinea-Bissau: an epidemiologic analysis and its ethnological context. [La maternite chez les Bijago de Guinee-Bissau: une analyse epidemiologique et son contexte ethnologique.] Les Etudes du CEPED, No. 9, ISBN 2-87762-075-1. Sep 1995. xii, 114 pp. Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement [CEPED]: Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"This study has tried to show to what extent culture influences women and child's health and how it would be possible to improve health without contradicting local culture. An epidemiological survey on fertility, child mortality rate and other health markers studied the Bijago islanders of Guinea Bissau. The analysis uses as independent variables, the place of residence as well as the ethnic origin. At the same time an ethnological study with a special focus on maternity has been carried out....The importance of ethnographic data in interpretation of statistical results and on the pertinence of carrying out ethnological research before [drawing] up an ethnological questionnaire [was demonstrated]."
Correspondence: Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Medecine, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10712 Pinnelli, Antonella; Sabatello, Eitan. Determinants of the health and survival of the elderly: suggestions from two different experiences--Italy and Israel. European Journal of Population/Revue Europeenne de Demographie, Vol. 11, No. 2, 1995. 143-67 pp. Hingham, Massachusetts/Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
This study compares the health status and survival of the elderly in Israel and Italy. "The data used in this study derive from two sample surveys, one in Israel in 1985 and the other in Italy in the winter 1986/7....The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of health, the use of the health care system and survival of the elderly...within the limits imposed by the data available by comparing two countries, Italy and Israel, which share similarities with regard to survival and development, but with fairly different demographic structures and cultures."
Correspondence: A. Pinnelli, Universita degli Studi di Roma la Sapienza, Dipartimento di Scienze Demografiche, Via Nomentana 41, 00161 Rome, Italy. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10713 Rogers, Richard G.; Nam, Charles B.; Hummer, Robert A. Demographic and socioeconomic links to cigarette smoking. Social Biology, Vol. 42, No. 1-2, Spring 1995. 1-21 pp. Port Angeles, Washington. In Eng.
"This paper illuminates the demographic and socioeconomic factors associated with smoking statuses. It employs the 1990 National Health Interview Survey's Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Supplement and logistic regression to examine the covariates of smoking status among the U.S. adult population....By examining interactions, we have found that age displays distinct, often curvilinear, patterns with smoking; that compared to females, males have higher rates of cigarette consumption except at the youngest ages; that Anglos, especially Anglo males, exhibit high probabilities of cigarette consumption but also high probabilities of being former smokers; that Black males exhibit high probabilities of light smoking, but only at the older ages, and that they also exhibit high probabilities of being former light smokers; and that Mexican-American females are the least likely to currently smoke or to have ever smoked."
Correspondence: R. G. Rogers, University of Colorado, Institute of Behavioral Science, Population Program, Campus Box 484, Boulder, CO 80309. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10714 World Health Organization [WHO] (Geneva, Switzerland). Safe motherhood: selected research results. [Maternite sans risque: resultats de certaines recherches.] World Health Statistics Quarterly/Rapport Trimestriel de Statistiques Sanitaires Mondiales, Vol. 48, No. 1, 1995. 66 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The purpose of this special issue is to present some unpublished research results from WHO's Maternal Health and Safe Motherhood Programme. The focus is on maternal health and mortality in developing countries. There are reports from Argentina, China, Ethiopia, the Gambia, Guatemala, Guinea-Bissau, Laos, Mexico, Pakistan, and the Sudan.
Correspondence: World Health Organization, Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

L.4. Demographic Factors and Human Genetics

No citations in this issue.