62:10053 Frey,
William H. The new geography of population shifts: trends
toward balkanization. In: State of the Union: America in the
1990s. Volume two: social trends, edited by Reynolds Farley. 1995.
271-336 pp. Russell Sage Foundation: New York, New York. In Eng.
The author examines recent trends in population redistribution in
the United States, with a focus on uneven urban revival, regional race
divisions, regional divisions by skill and poverty, the baby boom and
elderly realignments, and suburban dominance and city isolation. "The
portrait that has been painted in this review of post-1980 population
shifts is clearly one of divisions--divisions across areas of growth
and decline, divisions brought on by the segmented redistribution
pattern of immigrants, minorities, whites, and even across age groups,
and divisions between cities and suburbs as well as within the suburbs.
The latter divisions, those within metropolitan areas, are most
familiar because they have evolved over decades. What is new in the
1980 and 1990 trends is that redistribution patterns reinforce
divisions across broad regions and metropolitan areas. A demographic
balkanization is a likely outcome if these trends
continue."
Correspondence: W. H. Frey, University of
Michigan, Department of Sociology, Institute for Social Research,
Population Studies Center, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:10054 Fuguitt,
Glenn V. Population change in nonmetropolitan
America. CDE Working Paper, No. 94-12, Aug 1994. 29, [13] pp.
University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology: Madison,
Wisconsin. In Eng.
"After reviewing the concepts of rural and
nonmetropolitan [population], we will consider
metropolitan-nonmetropolitan population distribution and change [in the
United States] since 1950, followed by trends in age structure, sex
composition and the population by race and Hispanic status." Emphasis
is placed on the significant variability that exists across rural
America, reflected in rates of population growth or decline, age
composition, and ethnic diversity.
Correspondence:
University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology, 4412 Social
Science Building, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1393.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:10055 Alperovich,
Gershon; Deutsch, Joseph. Joint estimation of population
density functions and the location of the central business
district. Journal of Urban Economics, Vol. 36, No. 3, Nov 1994.
239-48 pp. Orlando, Florida. In Eng.
"In this paper we [propose] a
new procedure for estimating population density functions under
conditions that the exact location of the CBD [central business
district] is unknown or uncertain. As such it can also be utilized as a
method for identifying the location of the CBD....[We apply] this
method to cross-sectional data from Tel-Aviv-Yafo [Israel] during 1961
through 1990...."
Correspondence: G. Alperovich, Bar-Ilan
University, Department of Economics, 52900 Ramat-Gan, Israel.
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington,
D.C.
62:10056 Becker,
Charles M.; Morrison, Andrew R. The growth of African
cities: theory and estimates. In: Economic and demographic change
in Africa, edited by Archie Mafeje and Samir Radwan. 1995. 109-42 pp.
Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. In Eng.
In the first section of
this article, the factors affecting the growth of cities in a typical
African country are examined, with particular reference to the impact
of public policy on urban growth. "The next section considers some
broad patterns of African urbanization and is followed by a discussion
of the theoretical determinants of city growth. Empirical results are
presented in the fourth section, while the following section focuses on
the determinants of individual city growth in Zambia, the African
nation with the most revealing census data. Finally, a concluding
section summarizes key findings and assesses data
weaknesses."
Correspondence: C. M. Becker, University of
Colorado, Economics Institute, Boulder, CO 80309. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:10057 Cheshire,
Paul. A new phase of urban development in Western Europe?
The evidence for the 1980s. Urban Studies, Vol. 32, No. 7, Aug
1995. 1,045-63 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
Changes in urban
spatial distribution during the 1980s in the 12 countries of the
European Community are analyzed using data from the 1990 census round.
The focus is on trends in decentralization and recentralization. "There
is evidence of a substantial breakup of the previous regular pattern of
decentralisation, which had been spreading from northern to southern
European cities and from the largest to the medium-sized cities. During
the 1980s there was a significant degree of recentralisation in many
northern European cities, with nearly half of all core cities gaining
population." Comparisons are made with the situation in the United
States.
Correspondence: P. Cheshire, London School of
Economics, Department of Geography, Houghton Street, Aldwych, London
WC2A 2AE, England. Location: Princeton University Library
(UES).
62:10058 De Iasio,
Sergio; Siri, Enzo; Lucchetti, Enzo; Soliani, Lamberto.
Biodemography: analyses on an actual urban population.
[Biodemografia: analisi su una popolazione urbana attuale.] Bollettino
di Demografia Storica, No. 20, 1994. 173-87 pp. Florence, Italy. In
Ita.
The population dynamics of the Italian city of Parma are
analyzed over the period 1989-1993 using data from the city's
population records. Separate consideration is given to migration to and
from the city, family characteristics, and family
migration.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:10059 Diwakar,
Ashok. Processes and factors of metropolitanization in
India. Population Geography, Vol. 15, No. 1-2, Jun-Dec 1993. 41-6
pp. Chandigarh, India. In Eng.
The author analyzes causes and
consequences of urbanization in India. Aspects considered include
levels and trends in urbanization, uneven distribution of urban
population, concentration of population in large cities, and causes of
metropolitanization.
Correspondence: A. Diwakar,
Dronacharya Government College, Gurgaon, India. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:10060 Emery, K.
O.; Emery, J. J. Relative populations of cities, states
and nations. Population and Environment, Vol. 17, No. 1, Sep 1995.
41-57 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"During a comparison of the
growth of human populations Emery (1994) noted a curious uniformity in
ratios of populations in largest cities versus populations in host
nations. This present article is intended to explore the relationship a
bit further to interest perhaps a few professional demographers in some
of the relationships and their possible causes....Information was
provided by relating populations of largest cities to those of host
states in the United States and then populations of second largest and
tenth largest cities of host states. For a longer view the city/state
analysis was extended from 1990 to 1940...."
For the 1994 article by
K. O. Emery, see 60:20612.
Correspondence: K. O. Emery,
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Woods Hole, MA 02543.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:10061 Frey,
William H.; Fielding, Elaine L. Changing urban
populations: regional restructuring, racial polarization, and poverty
concentration. Cityscape, Vol. 1, No. 2, Jun 1995. 1-66 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This study examines the changing profile
of the urban United States, with particular reference to the impact of
immigration, suburbanization, and growing diversity associated with
increased racial and income polarization. "This overview provides a
backdrop by focusing on the forces that shape key demographic trends
across broad regions and in metropolitan areas and then shows how these
trends have led to disparities in growth and decline, racial
polarization, and poverty concentration."
Correspondence:
W. H. Frey, University of Michigan, Population Studies Center, 1225
South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1248. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
62:10062 Garza,
Gustavo; Rivera, Salvador. Economic development and urban
spatial distribution in Mexico, 1960-1990. [Desarrollo economico y
distribucion de la poblacion urbana en Mexico, 1960-1990.] Revista
Mexicana de Sociologia, Vol. 55, No. 1, Jan-Mar 1993. 177-212 pp.
Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"This study
describes general links between economic development and urbanization
in Mexico in the periods from 1960 to 1980 and 1980 to 1990. Changes
observed in production structure are compared with the dynamics of
urban development, according to the increase in the number of cities,
modifications in urbanization levels and increases in absolute urban
population size. During the [1980s], there seemed to be a change in
Mexico's process of urbanization, characterized by a sudden
deceleration and sharp fall in the power of the country's four main
metropolitan areas to concentrate large populations as they had done up
to 1980."
Correspondence: G. Garza, El Colegio de Mexico,
Centro de Estudios Demograficos y de Desarrollo Urbano, Camino al
Ajusco 20, 10740 Mexico, DF, Mexico. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
62:10063 Ilyukha, O.
P. Demographic problems of a new northern city (the
example of Kostomuksha). [Demograficheskie problemy novogo
severnogo goroda (na materialakh Kostomukshi).] Sotsiologicheskie
Issledovaniya, Vol. 7, 1994. 42-4 pp. Moscow, Russia. In Rus.
The
creation of a new city, Kostomuksha, in the Karelian region of western
Russia is described, and reasons for its comparative failure to thrive
are assessed. The author lays the primary responsibility for the
failure on bad planning. It is noted that a major problem in the city
is an unbalanced age composition, which has led to problems with
teenage crime.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
62:10064 Paris,
Chris. New patterns of urban and regional development in
Australia: demographic restructuring and economic change.
International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 18, No. 4,
Dec 1994. 555-72 pp. Cambridge, Massachusetts/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The first objective of this paper is to assess whether the
dynamics of Australian urban and regional change are increasingly
coming to resemble those of other advanced capitalist nations, as all
are subject increasingly to global forces of change. One theme in
Australian debates has been the notion that there has been an
urban-rural turnaround, or counter-urbanization, which is changing the
relative balance of the building blocks of the Australian urban and
regional system. A second objective of this paper, therefore, has been
to respond to the counter-urbanization thesis. The analysis of census
data on population change is used as evidence for the argument that
there are significant differences between processes of change in the
Australian urban/regional system and experience in North America and
Europe."
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
62:10065
Rodriguez-Torres, Deyssi. Nairobi: a tale of
shantytown and city. [Nairobi: le bidonville face a la ville.]
Cahiers du CIDEP, No. 24, ISBN 2-87209-359-1. May 1995. 83 pp. Centre
International de Formation et de Recherche en Population et
Developpement [CIDEP]: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Distributed by
Academia-Erasme, Grand Rue 25/115, 1348 Louvain-la Neuve, Belgium, and
in France by L'Harmattan, 7 rue de l'Ecole-Polytechnique, 75005 Paris.
In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Dut; Spa.
The development of shantytowns
surrounding Kenya's capital city, Nairobi, is described. The author
notes that shantytowns are no longer a staging post between rural areas
and urban residence, but now have a permanent population. The
increasingly important role that such towns, and the leaders that arise
in them, play in the political arena is
examined.
Correspondence: Academia-Erasme, Grand Rue
25/115, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
62:10066 Rowland,
Richard H. Declining towns in Russia, 1989-1993.
Post-Soviet Geography, Vol. 36, No. 7, Sep 1995. 436-45 pp. Silver
Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
This "article based on data for the last
census of the former USSR and population estimates for 1993 for urban
places of over 15,000 population in the Russian Federation surveys the
regional distribution, economic functions, and size characteristics of
urban settlements in Russia with declining population over the period
1989-93. Interesting comparisons are drawn with patterns prevailing
during previous periods, revealing recent increases in the number of
such towns in major manufacturing regions and the North and an increase
in the number of large cities. Towns experiencing the very greatest
percentage declines (-10.0 percent or more) also are
investigated."
Correspondence: R. H. Rowland, California
State University, Department of Geography, 5500 University Parkway, San
Bernardino, CA 92407-2397. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
62:10067 Ortiz
Martinez, Jorge del C. Population dynamics in the rural
area of Cuzco. [Dinamica demografica en el area rural del Cusco.]
Revista Peruana de Poblacion, No. 4, 1994. 41-103 pp. Lima, Peru. In
Spa. with sum. in Eng.
The author examines the demographic
situation in rural areas of Cuzco, Peru, and compares it with that of
the rest of the department. Information is presented on age and sex
structure; education, health, and the economy; fertility, intermediate
variables, and contraceptive knowledge and use; mortality; and
migration.
Correspondence: J. del C. Ortiz Martinez,
Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco, Departamento de
Matematicas y Estadistica, Avenida de la Cultura, s/n Apartado 367,
Cuzco, Peru. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
