A. General Population Studies and Theories

A.1. General Population

A.1.1. General Population--Long Studies

62:10001 Balan, K. Population, development and health. ISBN 81-85565-45-7. 1994. xii, 206 pp. Uppal Publishing House: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
This study concentrates on the health of the rural population of India, the improvement of which is seen as an essential step toward solving the country's population problem. The first part examines the relationship between overpopulation and development. The second part deals with population and health issues.
Correspondence: Uppal Publishing House, 3 Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi 110 002, India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10002 Harkavy, Oscar. Curbing population growth: an insider's perspective on the population movement. Plenum Series on Demographic Methods and Population Analysis, ISBN 0-306-45050-X. 1995. xvi, 274 pp. Plenum Press: New York, New York. In Eng.
This study describes the development of the international population movement in the period since World War II, with particular attention given to the role of private U.S. foundations. There are chapters on the beginnings of the modern population movement in the 1950s, developments through the 1960s and 1970s, the causes and effects of population change, the search for better methods of contraception, India and its population problem, population issues in the United States, and new directions for the population movement. The book concludes with three essays: one by Ansley J. Coale on the present status of world population, demography, and population policy; one by Sheldon J. Segal on expanding contraceptive choices for men and women; and one by Amy O. Tsui on reforming population paradigms for science and action.
Correspondence: Plenum Press, 233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013-1578. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

A.1.2. General Population--Short Studies

62:10003 Calne, Roy. Why, too many people? A world program. Population and Environment, Vol. 17, No. 2, Nov 1995. 161-87 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The author discusses "the various factors that are responsible for the potentially catastrophic population explosion world-wide....[A] major effort now may just prevent a catastrophic and irreversible rape of the earth with extinction of many species and possibly our own, when poverty and an increasing population lead to famine and aggression." Aspects considered include world population growth, the response of political regimes, the rights of the individual versus the concern for the general good of the community, and the role of the United Nations.
Correspondence: R. Calne, University of Cambridge, Department of Surgery, Douglas House Annex, 18 Trumpington Road, Cambridge CB2 2AH, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10004 Chesnais, Jean-Claude. The demographic transition: 30 years of upheaval (1965-1995). [La transition demographique: trente ans de bouleversements (1965-1995).] Les Dossiers du CEPED, No. 34, ISBN 2-87762-079-4. Oct 1995. 25 pp. Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement [CEPED]: Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The author reviews global demographic trends over the past 30 years. He concludes that, during this period, people all over the world became able to control their own fertility in much the same way as they had previously achieved control over mortality, thus reaching a level of control over the biological aspects of life that they had never had before. This demographic revolution has been nearly universal, affecting all the larger countries in the developing world and all the major religions. "The universality of the demographic transition model can no longer be questioned. The countries still aside this demographic modernisation process are now an exception, since their population accounts only for 8% of the world population in 1995, instead of 71% in 1965. The speed of the world population growth is noticeably declining and is now close to an order of magnitude not seen since the 1950's. The demographic transition is being generalised and accelerated."
Correspondence: Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement, 15 rue de l'Ecole de Medecine, 75270 Paris Cedex 06, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10005 King, Jane; Slesser, Malcolm. Prospects for sustainable development: the significance of population growth. Population and Environment, Vol. 16, No. 6, Jul 1995. 487-505 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This paper draws on the recent world model GlobEcco, to explore the implications of alternative population growth rates for the future of both the industrialised and developing regions of the world. The model is based on ECCO (Evolution of Capital Creation--previously Carrying Capacity--Options): a new integrative procedure which can test out strategies, technologies and rates of population growth aimed at satisfying both economic and environmental aspirations over the long term."
Correspondence: J. King, University of Edinburgh, Centre for Human Ecology, Energy Project, Edinburgh, EH8 9LN, Scotland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10006 Sen, Amartya. Population: delusion and reality. New York Review of Books, Vol. 41, No. 15, Sep 22, 1994. 62-71 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
This is a general review of the global population problem and of the proposed solutions to it. The author suggests that although there is not an immediate crisis concerning food supplies for the growing population, there are legitimate reasons for concern about the effect of continued population growth on the environment, and about the adverse effects of high birth rates on the quality of life, particularly for women. It is concluded that the best way to slow population growth rates is through programs designed to improve women's education, reduce child mortality, improve old age security, and increase the economic and political participation of women. Such measures are favored over coercive policies of birth control that not only involve social sacrifices, but also are not proven to be more effective in reducing fertility than serious programs of collaborative action.
Correspondence: A. Sen, Harvard University, Department of Economics, Cambridge, MA 02138. Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.

62:10007 United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division (New York, New York). Concise report on the world population situation in 1995. No. ST/ESA/SER.A/153, Pub. Order No. E.95.XIII.14. ISBN 92-1-151285-9. 1995. vii, 44 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"The present report is divided into two chapters. Chapter I provides a summary of the latest information about population size and growth, mortality, fertility, population distribution and international migration in all countries....Chapter II examines the linkages between population and the environment, focusing on population and land-carrying capacity....The information on which the present report is based has been drawn from recent studies, databases and files of the [UN] Population Division."
Correspondence: UN Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, Population Division, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

A.2. Population Theory

62:10008 Ahlberg, Beth M. Is there a distinct African sexuality? A critical response to Caldwell. Africa, Vol. 64, No. 2, 1994. 220-42 pp. London, England. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The author challenges the hypothesis developed by Caldwell and others that sexuality in Africa is inherently permissive, that prevailing attitudes and behavior are primary reasons for the relative failure of family planning programs to reduce fertility, and that such attitudes and behavior will be major factors hindering efforts to control the spread of HIV infections and AIDS. The article is in three parts. "The first is a summary of the thesis as presented by Caldwell et al., including their location of African sexuality and their conceptualisation of change. The second offers a critical response, focusing mainly on the problems of research into sexual behaviour and the christianisation process, with special reference to the case of the Kikuyu people, among whom, recent studies suggest, even where sexual activity may have appeared largely free of moral restraint, there was indeed a moral order....Part three offers a new way forward."
Correspondence: B. M. Ahlberg, Karolinska Institute, 104 01 Stockholm 60, Sweden. Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.

62:10009 Vidal, Annie. Demographic thought: population doctrine, theory, and policy. [La pensee demographique: doctrines, theories et politiques de population.] L'Economie en Plus, No. 17, ISBN 2-7061-0569-0. 1994. 158 pp. Presses Universitaires de Grenoble: Grenoble, France. In Fre.
This is a general review of the development of population doctrine and theory from antiquity to modern times. In Part 1, chapters are included on population doctrine in classical Greece and Rome and in the Middle Ages; populationism and mercantilism; eighteenth-century population theory; the theories of Malthus; and demographic transition theory. Part 2 examines how such theoretical concepts have been used to develop population policies.
Correspondence: Presses Universitaires de Grenoble, B.P. 47, 38040 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

A.3. Interrelations with Other Disciplines

62:10010 Greenhalgh, Susan. Afterword: (Re)capturing reproduction for anthropology. In: Situating fertility: anthropology and demographic inquiry, edited by Susan Greenhalgh. 1995. 259-63 pp. Cambridge University Press: New York, New York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"In this brief afterword I turn to anthropology, suggesting how the discipline might be stretched, and thereby enriched, through closer attention to demographic and reproductive matters. I do so in two ways: by looking backward to review what has been accomplished [in this volume] and by looking forward to sketch out domains for future research."
Correspondence: S. Greenhalgh, University of California, Department of Anthropology, Irvine, CA 92717. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10011 Hewings, Geoffrey J. D.; Madden, Moss. Social and demographic accounting. ISBN 0-521-46572-9. LC 94-13047. 1995. ix, 242 pp. Cambridge University Press: New York, New York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
This is a selection of essays prepared in honor of Sir Richard Stone. The 10 essays examine aspects of social accounting "addressing issues of new formulations, applications in economics and other fields, specifications at the national and regional levels and a myriad of issues that have arisen from the insights and perspectives provided by the initial formulations of a social accounting matrix....The major objective is to provide a forward-looking perspective that addresses some of the major themes and issues of the present decade rather than focussing on a historical treatment of ideas and their development."
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Cambridge University Press, Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10012 Lasker, G. W.; Kaplan, Bernice A. Demography in biological anthropology: human population structure and evolution. American Journal of Human Biology, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1995. 425-30 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
This study examines the relationships between demographic variables and human evolution. "Theories of human evolution are the explanations of the fertility and mortality differentials that determine patterns of variation at the subspecific level. Migrations also influence the patterns. Because human beings plan migrations and marriages, theories relying solely on selective advantage and gene diffusion do not fully account for the observed patterns. These patterns can be interpreted through time and space as dense thickets of descent lines, often clustered into local fascicles held together by inbreeding. The patterns of descent lines are thus punctuated by births, sometimes ended by extinction of lines, but marked also by rich interconnections of the fascicles by filaments that represent marital migration. The patterns are neither solely of racial isolates nor of simple diffusion, but are the result of the complex sociocultural events that influence genetic demography...."
Correspondence: G. W. Lasker, Wayne State University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Detroit, MI 48201. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10013 Lerner, Susana. Anthropology in demographic research. [La antropologia en la investigacion demografica.] Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos, Vol. 9, No. 1, Jan-Apr 1994. 7-27 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa.
This is an introduction to a special issue devoted to the relationship between anthropology and demography. It is a product of a session held at the Thirteenth International Conference of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences which took place in Mexico City in 1993. The primary geographical focus of the eight studies, cited elsewhere in this issue, is on Latin America.
Correspondence: S. Lerner, El Colegio de Mexico, Camino al Ajusco 20, 10740 Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10014 Martinez Salgado, Carolina. Reflections on a psycho-anthropological approach to population studies. [Reflexiones a partir de un abordaje psicoantropologico para los estudios de poblacion.] Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos, Vol. 9, No. 1, Jan-Apr 1994. 53-70, 267 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"Socio-demographic research in the last decades has shown the need to develop transdisciplinary approaches to further understanding in this field. This paper discusses some of the possibilities that are opened to population studies by bringing in anthropological elements combined with others based on socio-psychoanalysis. This proposal seeks to better understand the individual and family roots of population behavior as a specifically human phenomenon from a micro-social and qualitative perspective....[The study examines] biological reproduction, the relationship with the environment and the effect of both on health. The study encompasses both the individual and family levels. The text compares an urban area and a traditional town of the Xochimilco area in the south of Mexico City."
Correspondence: C. Martinez Salgado, Universidad Autonoma de Mexico, Departamento de Atencion a la Salud, Xochimilco, Mexico. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10015 Nazareth, J. Manuel. Demography and human ecology. [Demografia e ecologia humana.] Analise Social, Vol. 28, No. 4-5, 1993. 879-85 pp. Lisbon, Portugal. In Por.
The author describes the emergence of the discipline of human ecology since the early 1920s, and the contribution that demography can make to the study of human ecological problems.
Correspondence: J. M. Nazareth, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciencias Sociais e Humanas, Praco do Principe Real 26, 1200 Lisbon, Portugal. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

A.4. Textbooks and Teaching Programs

62:10016 Kintner, Hallie J.; Merrick, Thomas W.; Morrison, Peter A.; Voss, Paul R. Demographics: a casebook for business and government. RAND Book, ISBN 0-8133-1918-8. LC 94-16015. 1994. ix, 361 pp. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In Eng.
This is a general introduction to applied demography, defined here as the application of demographic techniques to real-world problems in the private and public sectors. "Written in nontechnical language and presented in a classroom-tested format, this easy-to-use guidebook offers case studies of important applications of applied demography in government planning, long-term corporate strategy, forecasting, human resource management, and marketing. The authors show how to tie financial, political, and legal analysis into a consideration of demographic data and trends." The geographical focus is on the United States.
Correspondence: Westview Press, 5500 Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301-2877. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10017 Noin, Daniel. The geography of population. [Geographie de la population.] 3rd ed. ISBN 2-225-84646-4. 1995. vii, 281 pp. Masson: Paris, France. In Fre.
This textbook is intended as an introduction to the methods used for the geographical study of population, with particular reference to how spatial distribution affects various demographic phenomena. There are chapters on the geographical study of population; spatial distribution; the diversity among populations, including ethnic and cultural aspects, socioeconomic factors, characteristics such as age and sex, differential fertility and mortality, and population dynamics; and spatial mobility, including both internal and international migration. The geographical focus is worldwide.
For the first edition, published in 1979, see 46:1081.
Correspondence: Masson, 120 boulevard Saint-Germain, 75280 Paris Cedex 06, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10018 Nuamah, Nicholas N. N. N. Statistical and demographic measures for population studies. ISBN 9964-971-13-3. [1994]. x, 266 pp. University of Ghana, Regional Institute for Population Studies [RIPS]: Legon, Ghana. In Eng.
"This text aims at providing students and researchers with an insight into basic demographic techniques....[It] is designed primarily for students whose major interest lies in applying statistical methods to problems in demography....The text is divided into two parts. Part 1 deals with basic descriptive statistics and Part 2 with population statistics. Although it is designed principally for students of Demography and Statistics, the brevity and relative simplicity of this text and most importantly the wide coverage of methods and measures of Statistics and Demography makes it a useful reference work for other readers including sociologists, geographers, economists, planners, census and statistical officers and even the general public." Many of the concepts discussed are illustrated with data for Africa in general and Ghana in particular.
Correspondence: University of Ghana, Regional Institute for Population Studies, P.O. Box 96, Legon, Ghana. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10019 United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis. Population Division (New York, New York). Developments in demographic training and research projects: aspects of technical cooperation. No. ST/ESA/SER.R/143, Pub. Order No. E.95.XIII.13. ISBN 92-1-151284-0. 1995. vii, 63 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"One of the major activities of the [U.N.] Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis is to provide Governments with technical cooperation in the establishment of demographic training and research centres. The present report explains and discusses the type of substantive assistance that the Department provides, and can provide, through its programme of technical cooperation in population within the Population Division....[The geographical focus is on the] English-speaking countries of Africa."
Correspondence: United Nations Secretariat, Director, Population Division, Room DC2-1950, New York, NY. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10020 Venkatacharya, K. Elements of mathematics for demographers. RIPS Monograph Series, No. 9, ISBN 9964-971-11-7. 1994. iii, 184 pp. University of Ghana, Regional Institute for Population Studies [RIPS]: Legon, Ghana. In Eng.
This volume presents a review of the mathematics required for basic demographic analysis. It was developed for use by English-speaking African post-graduate and M.A. students at RIPS in Legon, Ghana. The mathematical concepts covered include the rudiments of algebra, elements of differential and integral calculus, curve fitting, the elements of matrix algebra, and interpolation.
Correspondence: University of Ghana, Regional Institute for Population Studies, P.O. Box 96, Legon, Ghana. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

62:10021 Willems, Michel. The journey of CIDEP. An adventure in training and research in population and development, 1987-1995. [Le periple cidepien. Une experience de formation et de recherche en population et developpement, 1987-1995.] ISBN 2-87209-418-0. Jul 1995. 178 pp. Centre International de Formation et de Recherche en Population et Developpement [CIDEP]: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. In Fre.
This report describes the work undertaken in demographic research and training under the auspices of CIDEP, an organization developed jointly by the Belgian government and the Catholic University of Louvain with financial support from UNFPA. It covers the period from CIDEP'S initiation in 1986 up to the transfer of its responsibilities to institutions in Africa in 1995. The report includes a description of CIDEP's program, an analysis of the organizations that participated in it, and a list of the studies emanating from the program.
Correspondence: Centre International de Formation et de Recherche en Population et Developpement, 1 Place Montesquieu, Boite 17, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).