61:30676 Cowart,
Marie E.; Serow, William J. Caregiving needs for 2020:
implications for Hong Kong and other newly industrialized
countries. Hong Kong Journal of Gerontology, Vol. 8, No. 2, Dec
1994. 3-8 pp. Hong Kong. In Eng.
"This paper addresses the policy
questions that arise with population aging in Hong Kong, Singapore, the
Republic of Korea (South) and the Republic of China (Taiwan) using
Japan as a basis for comparison. After presenting and analyzing the
magnitudes of population aging from 1990 to 2020, data is presented
concerning dependency ratios and the age structure for each country.
The discussion centers on the needs for income security of the aged,
assessing the care needs of the elderly, and recommendations for
designing policies for developing a system of formal services to
supplement the informal care provided by families. Special emphasis on
the policies of Hong Kong are considered."
Correspondence:
M. E. Cowart, Florida State University, Department of Urban and
Regional Planning, Tallahassee, FL 32306. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:30677 Cowart,
Marie E.; Serow, William J. The demography of aging in the
industrializing portion of the Pacific rim: a case for gender
justice. Bold, Vol. 5, No. 3, May 1995. 5-12 pp. Valletta, Malta.
In Eng.
The authors examine the impact of probable future trends in
demographic aging on women's roles in the newly industrializing
countries of the Pacific Rim (in Southeastern and east Asia). They
also suggest that women will in all probability be expected to cope
with additional household and family responsibilities due to
demographic aging at a time when they are trying to change gender
status and improve gender equity, and that these growing
responsibilities could severely handicap women's efforts to play a
larger role in the economy and in policy
making.
Correspondence: M. E. Cowart, Florida State
University, Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Tallahassee, FL
32306. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30678 Mhloyi,
Marvellous. Status of women, population and
development. IUSSP Distinguished Lecture Series on Population and
Development, ISBN 2-87108-043-7. 1994. 23 pp. International Union for
the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
The author discusses "the importance of [the] status of women in
determining the two most important components of population growth,
size and quality--fertility and mortality. An effort is also made to
show how development interventions need not only to take care of
women's conditional needs, but also to invest significantly in both
women's and men's empowerment for it to be
worthwhile."
Correspondence: International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000 Liege,
Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30679 Naguib,
Nora G.; Lloyd, Cynthia B. Gender inequalities and
demographic behavior: Egypt. ISBN 0-87834-081-5. 1994. iv, 71 pp.
Population Council: New York, New York. In Eng.
This is one of a
series of three reports on the relationships among gender equity,
family structure and dynamics, and reproductive choice. This report
concerns Egypt, and includes chapters on gender inequalities within the
family, in public life, and the provision of reproductive health
services. "The objectives of this report are to examine the legal,
social, and policy context in which gender relations operate in Egypt
and to better understand the links between gender dynamics and
reproductive behavior."
Correspondence: Population Council,
One Dag Hammarskjold Plaza, New York, NY 10017. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30680 Oppong,
Christine; Wery, Rene. Women's roles and demographic
change in Sub-Saharan Africa. IUSSP Policy and Research Paper, No.
5, ISBN 2-87108-036-4. 1995. 36 pp. International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
The
authors attempt "to identify and highlight evidence which points to
some of the major aspects of women's changing roles and status
attributes--which appear to be critically pertinent to the
documentation and explanation of demographic change and lack of
change--and to the design and development of national population
policies and programs." The geographical focus is on Sub-Saharan
Africa.
Correspondence: International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000 Liege,
Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30681 Peters,
Wolfgang. Public pensions, family allowances and
endogenous demographic change. Journal of Population Economics,
Vol. 8, No. 2, May 1995. 161-83 pp. New York, New York/Berlin, Germany.
In Eng.
"A tax-transfer system deals with redistribution among
generations and corrective taxation at the same time. Since such a
policy is a government's task, we take a normative approach and pose
the question: Which tax-transfer system should a government apply to
maximize social welfare? The framework we consider allows for
endogenous demographic aspects...: first, fertility has a great impact
on a PAYG [pay-as-you-go] financed pension insurance; and second,
through education human capital is accumulated....We analyzed the
optimal extent of a public pension scheme in the presence of external
effects of fertility and education on the net domestic product."
Pension schemes in Germany and the United States are
compared.
Correspondence: W. Peters, University of Bonn,
Department of Economics, Adenauerallee 24-42, 53113 Bonn, Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30682 Russell,
Kathryn. A value-theoretic approach to childbirth and
reproductive engineering. Science and Society, Vol. 58, No. 3,
Fall 1994. 287-314 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This paper
explores an analogy between childbearing and social labor, arguing that
the labor theory of value gives insight into the social functions of
childbirth under capitalism. The valorization of childbearing is
consistent with other ways of socializing the reproduction of labor
power despite the capitalists' need for an autonomously functioning
private household sector. A value-theoretic approach is necessary to
reveal how childbearing is being placed in material relation with other
forms of labor under capitalism. Neither reproductive engineering nor
biological difference are themselves sources of oppression for women,
but when found in a historical context where value can be extracted,
childbearing can become a form of alienated
labor."
Correspondence: K. Russell, State University of New
York, State University College at Cortland, Department of Philosophy,
P.O. Box 2000, Cortland, NY 13045. Location: World Bank, Joint
Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
61:30683 Seltzer,
Mildred M. The impact of increased life expectancy:
beyond the gray horizon. Springer Series on Life Styles and Issues
in Aging, ISBN 0-8261-8760-9. LC 94-36331. 1995. xvi, 237 pp.
Springer-Verlag: New York, New York/Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
This
is a collection of studies that examines the consequences of increasing
life expectancy, with particular reference to the United States, and is
a product of a symposium held in 1992 at a meeting of the
Gerontological Society of America. Contributors were asked to consider
the specific consequences of a life expectancy of 100 years, and how
this would affect their research agendas. The approach is
interdisciplinary, with emphasis on the social and behavioral
sciences.
Correspondence: Springer-Verlag, 536 Broadway,
New York, NY 10012. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
61:30684 Shen,
An'an. Impact of the family educational models on women's
status. Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol. 7, No. 1,
1995. 55-65 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"Based on the data
obtained from [a 1991] sample survey on the status of today's Chinese
women conducted in the City of Shanghai and Guangdong, Shandong and
Shaanxi Provinces, this study analyzes through comparison the
characteristics of the family educational models in the families in the
urban areas of those four regions where 20-54-year-old women were
living with their husbands, in order to demonstrate the status of women
under different family educational models and in different regions in
China."
Correspondence: A. Shen, Shanghai Academy of Social
Sciences, Institute of Population and Development, Shanghai, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30685 Stolnitz,
George J. Social aspects and country reviews of population
aging. UN/ECE Economic Studies, No. 6, Pub. Order No.
GV.E.94.0.24. ISBN 92-1-100687-2. 1994. x, 377 pp. U.N. Economic
Commission for Europe [ECE]: Geneva, Switzerland; United Nations
Population Fund [UNFPA]: New York, New York. In Eng.
This is the
second of two volumes presenting background papers prepared as part of
an Economic Commission for Europe project on population aging. The
papers are designed to "spread knowledge about population aging as one
of the most important phenomena of the world at the turn of the third
millennium and to inspire policy makers to respond more actively to the
problem not only in Europe and North America but also in other regions,
including the developing countries." Chapter 1 contains nine papers on
social and health aspects of aging. Chapter 2 contains country reviews
for Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, East and West Germany, Hungary,
Netherlands, Poland, Romania, and Yugoslavia.
For the first volume
in this set, published in 1992, see 59:10598.
Correspondence: United Nations, Sales Section, New York,
NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30686 Toubia,
Nahid; Bahyeldin, Amira; Hijab, Nadia; Abdel-Latif, Heba.
Arab women: a profile of diversity and change. 1994. 64 pp.
Population Council: Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
This report presents
information on the status of women in 21 Arab countries, using data
from UN and World Bank sources. Separate consideration is given to
women's health, education, work, and
rights.
Correspondence: Population Council, Regional
Office, P.O. Box 115, Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:30687 Clark,
William A. V.; Morrison, Peter A. Demographic foundations
of political empowerment in multiminority cities. Demography, Vol.
32, No. 2, May 1995. 183-201 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"As U.S.
cities accommodate increasing ethnic and racial diversity, political
choices may unify or divide their local populations. Those choices pull
communities toward two different modes of pluralism: traditional
'melting pot' assimilation or a complex mosaic of racial and ethnic
assertiveness. Central to this issue is equity and empowerment, which
may be accentuated by minority populations' size, structure, and
spatial concentration. We examine two potential modes of local
empowerment: 'dominance,' whereby each group is the majority of voters
in single election districts (reinforcing separative tendencies), and
'influence,' whereby a group gains 'influential minority' status in
several districts (reinforcing unifying tendencies)."
This is a
revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1993 Annual
Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: W. A. V. Clark, University of
California, Department of Geography, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles,
CA 90024-1524. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30688 Morrison,
Peter A. Demographic perspectives on the Voting Rights
Act. RAND Paper, No. P-7905, 1995. 17 pp. RAND: Santa Monica,
California. In Eng.
"This paper examines several demographic
constraints on implementing the [U.S.] Voting Rights Act and explores
their implications. Increasingly, cities and other local jurisdictions
will become multiethnic in population makeup, introducing new concerns
with (1) the new arithmetic of minority empowerment; (2) the
characteristics of single-member districts for remedying vote dilution;
and (3) the official designations of race and ethnicity and the ethnic
balkanization they may invite. The paper outlines these concerns and
examines the technical demographic issues behind them, drawing upon
actual local illustrations."
Correspondence: RAND, 1700
Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30689 Pryor,
Edward T. The cultural partitioning of Canada:
demographic roots of multinationalism. In: Population, ethnicity,
and nation-building, edited by Calvin Goldscheider. 1995. 201-22 pp.
Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Canada,
a nation-state for some 125 years, has evolved around a considerable
array of concepts, often contradictory, that are intended to
accommodate the diverse origins of its people. These concepts have
developed as conquest and various sources of immigrants forced the
sharing of the country by factions and regional parties along language
and ethnic lines. Complicating the formation of Canada as a single
nation-state was the regionalism that arose from the marked diversity
in the demographic and economic evolution of different parts of the
country....The central theme of this paper is that understanding the
demographic roots and evolution of Canada is fundamental to
comprehending the particular brand of nationalism portrayed by
Canada."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30690 Aaby,
Peter. Assumptions and contradictions in measles and
measles immunization research: is measles good for something?
Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 41, No. 5, Sep 1995. 673-86 pp.
Tarrytown, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
The author challenges
some basic assumptions concerning the impact on child mortality of
immunization against measles, and particularly the assumption that the
weaker children saved by immunization will be more prone to die from
other infections. He notes that evidence from developing countries
indicates that "transmission factors, in [particular] intensity of
exposure and cross-sex transmission, may be more important determinants
of measles mortality than the host factors usually emphasized.
Consistent with these observations and in contrast to assumptions about
'weak' children dying, immunization is associated with a major
reduction in mortality....It has therefore been suggested that measles
immunization may prevent the persistent immunosuppression and delayed
mortality assumed to be associated with measles....Contrary to current
assumptions, children who survive the acute phase of measles infection
may have a survival advantage....Hence, both disease and immunization
may be associated with non-specific beneficial effects, presumably due
to some form of immunostimulation....Should these observations be
reproducible, they question the culture of 'eradication' and have major
implications for future immunization
policies."
Correspondence: P. Aaby, Apartado 861, Bissau,
Guinea-Bissau. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
61:30691 Aaby,
Peter; Samb, Badara; Simondon, Francois; Coll Seck, Awa M.; Knudsen,
Kim; Whittle, Hilton. Non-specific beneficial effect of
measles immunisation: analysis of mortality studies from developing
countries. British Medical Journal, Vol. 311, No. 7003, Aug 19,
1995. 481-5 pp. London, England. In Eng.
This is an analysis of
results from several studies in developing countries to examine whether
the reduction in mortality after measles immunization can be explained
simply by the prevention of that disease. "Protective efficacy against
death after measles immunisation ranged from 30% to 86%. Efficacy was
highest in the studies with short follow up and when children were
immunised in infancy....Vaccine efficacy against death was much greater
than the proportion of deaths attributed to acute measles
disease....These observations suggest that standard titre measles
vaccine may confer a beneficial effect which is unrelated to the
specific protection against measles
disease."
Correspondence: P. Aaby, Statens Seruminstitut,
Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Epidemiology Research Unit,
Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark. Location:
Princeton University Library (SZ).
61:30692 Akeroyd,
Anne V. HIV/AIDS in eastern and southern Africa.
Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 21, No. 60, Jun 1994. 173-84
pp. Sheffield, England. In Eng.
"This article reviews some recent
key books on HIV/AIDS in Africa. It does so by examining the debates
relating to the extent and possible future development of HIV/AIDS
referring to the discussions about demographic, economic and social
impacts in especially eastern and southern Africa. It explores the
so-called doomsday scenarios and addresses themes linked to the
important and increasing attention being paid to the gendered aspects
of HIV/AIDS."
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
61:30693 Anarfi,
John K. HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa: demographic and
socio-economic implications. African Population Paper, No. 3, Nov
1994. 39 pp. African Population and Environment Institute [APEI]:
Nairobi, Kenya. In Eng.
The author analyzes the rapid spread of
HIV/AIDS in Sub-Saharan Africa and the socio-cultural factors
associated with this growth, such as poverty and gender relations.
Separate consideration is given to the epidemic's demographic and
socioeconomic impact. "Demographic impacts include changes in
population growth rate, increased mortality which is already
noticeable, reversal of life expectancy at birth which is evident, and
changes in age-sex pattern of population which are already underway.
Socio-economic impacts include instability of economic growth and
development; the social costs of the disease; deleterious effects on
the family structure and its socio-economic base and on the community
as well as the national economy."
Correspondence: African
Population and Environment Institute, P.O. Box 14405, Nairobi, Kenya.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30694 Berer,
Marge; Ravindran, T. K. Sundari. Pregnancy, birth control,
STDs and AIDS: promoting safer sex. Reproductive Health Matters,
No. 5, May 1995. 153 pp. Reproductive Health Matters: London, England.
In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
This special issue is about safety
with regard to pregnancy, birth control, sexually transmitted diseases,
and HIV and AIDS. It includes a selection of short feature articles,
issues concerning current policy, and a selection of notes concerning
law and policy, service delivery, research, and publications. The
geographical scope is worldwide.
Correspondence:
Reproductive Health Matters, 29-35 Farringdon Road, London EC1M 3JB,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30695 Cleland,
John; Way, Peter. AIDS impact and prevention in the
developing world: demographic and social science perspectives.
Health Transition Review, Vol. 4, Suppl., 1994. i, 367 pp. Australian
National University, Health Transition Centre: Canberra, Australia. In
Eng.
"This volume is based on a selection of papers presented at a
seminar sponsored by the International Union for the Scientific Study
of Population (IUSSP), the Fondation Marcel Merieux and the Centre
Jacques Cartier. The meeting was held in Annecy, France from December
5-9, 1993....[The aim] was to bring diverse perspectives from the realm
of demography and the social sciences, to bear on the issue of HIV-AIDS
in less developed countries."
Selected items will be cited in this
or subsequent issues of Population Index.
Correspondence:
Australian National University, National Centre for Epidemiology and
Population Health, Health Transition Centre, Canberra, ACT 0200,
Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30696 Cramer,
James C. Racial and ethnic differences in birthweight:
the role of income and financial assistance. Demography, Vol. 32,
No. 2, May 1995. 231-47 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper
attempts to explain the differences in birthweight observed between
[U.S.] blacks, white Anglos, Chicanos, and other racial and ethnic
groups. The analysis focuses on the role of income and financial
assistance from relatives and public programs. Using data from the NLS
[National Longitudinal Survey] Youth Panel, I construct a causal model
of birthweight containing exogenous social and demographic risk factors
and intervening proximate determinants of birthweight. A substantial
part of the gap in birthweight between white Anglos and other ethnic
groups (especially blacks) can be explained by the unfavorable
socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of the latter. On the
other hand, blacks and other minorities smoke less and have other
favorable proximate characteristics that depress differences in
birthweight. When these proximate determinants are controlled, large
ethnic differences in birthweight remain unexplained by income and
other sociodemographic factors."
Parts of this paper were originally
presented at the 1991 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: J. C. Cramer, University of
California, Davis, CA 95616. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:30697 Ding,
Ye. Computing back-calculation estimates of AIDS
epidemic. Statistics in Medicine, Vol. 14, No. 14, Jul 30, 1995.
1,505-12 pp. Chichester, England. In Eng.
This article is about the
computation of back-calculation estimates of the number of HIV
infections using AIDS incidence data, and the projection of future AIDS
incidence. "In Section 2, we review the back-calculation method and
describe the conditional likelihood estimation approach. In Section 3,
we consider the asymptotic normal distribution of the estimates for
computing confidence intervals of the parameters. In Section 4, we use
the underlying multinomial distributions to compute variances of the
estimated numbers of infections and projected numbers of AIDS cases.
In Section 5, we illustrate the methods with AIDS data in the United
States. Section 6 presents a discussion."
Correspondence:
Y. Ding, New York State Department of Health, Bureau of Biometrics,
Empire State Plaza, Concourse, Room C-144, Albany, NY 12237.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30698 Erickson,
Pennifer; Wilson, Ronald; Shannon, Ildy. Years of healthy
life. NCHS Statistical Notes, No. 7, Pub. Order No. DHHS (PHS)
95-1237. Apr 1995. 14 pp. U.S. National Center for Health Statistics
[NCHS]: Hyattsville, Maryland. In Eng.
"The sources and methods
used for calculating years of healthy life are described in this issue
of Statistical Notes. Estimated years of healthy life measures for
1990 for the total U.S. population and for selected subgroups are
presented and discussed."
Correspondence: U.S. National
Center for Health Statistics, 6525 Belcrest Road, Hyattsville, MD
20782. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30699 Ford,
Nicholas; Chamratrithirong, Aphichat. UK/Thai
collaborative research development in reproductive and sexual health:
proceedings of the symposium on the Mahidol-Exeter British Council
link. IPSR Publication, No. 187, ISBN 974-588-016-7. Nov 1993. 156
pp. Mahidol University, Institute for Population and Social Research
[IPSR]: Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. In Eng.
These are the proceedings
of a seminar held in Bangkok, Thailand, November 9, 1993, part of a
cooperative, interdisciplinary research arrangement between Exeter and
Mahidol universities. The papers describe projected, on-going, or
completed research projects. "The contributions are arranged in three
sections the first section comprises a diverse range of papers
concerning health, family planning and ageing issues. The second
section comprises a fairly coherent series of papers concerned with
different aspects of the sexual culture, involving an elaboration of
the gender structuring of sexuality in Thailand. The third section
outlines some developments in curriculum
design."
Correspondence: Mahidol University, Institute for
Population and Social Research, 25/25 Putthamonthon 4 Road, Salaya,
Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:30700 Frenk,
Julio; Lozano, Rafael; Bobadilla, Jose L. The
epidemiological transition in Latin America. [La transicion
epidemiologica en America Latina.] Notas de Poblacion, Vol. 22, No. 60,
Dec 1994. 79-101 pp. Santiago, Chile. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
The
changes in health conditions that have occurred in most of the
countries of Latin America in the second half of the twentieth century
are analyzed. "This paper analyzes the main mechanisms involved in the
epidemiologic transition, which are: changes in risk factors,
fertility decline and improvements in health care technology." The
authors use a mortality profile ratio, obtained by dividing the
mortality rate due to infectious and parasitic diseases over the
mortality rate due to cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms, to analyze
trends in 15 countries. "Three distinct groups can be recognized. Each
of them represents a different transitional experience. Such
experiences are discussed in detail, including a new 'protracted
polarized model' of the epidemiologic transition, which characterizes
several Latin American countries. Finally, evidence is provided to
illustrate the relationship among economic development, fertility
change, and mortality profiles."
Correspondence: J. Frenk,
Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30701 Goldberg,
Howard; Velebil, Petr; Stembera, Zdenek; Tomek, Ivan; Kraus,
Jaroslav. 1993 Czech Republic Reproductive Health Survey:
final report. Mar 1995. xxii, 195, 37 pp. Czech Statistical
Office: Prague, Czech Republic; U.S Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention [CDC]: Atlanta, Georgia. In Eng.
"This report describe
the 1993 Czech Republic Reproductive Health Survey (CRRHS) and its
major findings." The survey involved a nationally representative
sample of 4,497 women aged 15-44. Following chapters on survey
methodology, there are chapters on childbearing and abortion; family
planning; pregnancy, delivery, and infant health; young adult sexual
behavior; reproductive health knowledge and attitudes; women's health;
and transmission of HIV.
Correspondence: Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30702 Kaplan,
Edward H.; Brandeau, Margaret L. Modeling the AIDS
epidemic: planning, policy, and prediction. ISBN 0-7817-0164-3.
LC 93-23684. 1994. xxix, 624 pp. Raven Press: New York, New York. In
Eng.
This book contains 30 papers on AIDS modeling research, many
of which were originally presented at the 34th Joint National Meeting
of the Operations Research Society of America and the Institute of
Management Sciences, held in San Francisco, November 1-4, 1992. The
focus is on AIDS modeling research that can directly or indirectly
improve decision-making for planning, resource allocation, and public
health policy. The papers are organized under the topics of AIDS
policy modeling, models for AIDS backcasting and forecasting, modeling
infectivity and disease progression, and modeling the social
organization of risky behavior.
Correspondence: Raven
Press, 1185 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10036.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30703 Lavy,
Victor; Strauss, John; Thomas, Duncan; De Vreyer, Philippe.
The impact of the quality of health care on children's nutrition
and survival in Ghana. Living Standards Measurement Study Working
Paper, No. 106, ISBN 0-8213-2997-9. LC 94-41226. 1995. xi, 49 pp. World
Bank: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes the effect of
quality and accessibility of health services and other public
infrastructure on the health of children and adults in
Ghana....We...also analyze the determinants of the probability of child
survival, a measure considered to be an alternative indicator of health
status. The results presented here suggest an important role for
public health policy in eliminating the rural-urban disparities in
health status and particularly in improving the health status of rural
children and reducing their mortality
rates."
Correspondence: World Bank, 1818 H Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20433. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:30704 Leisch,
Harald. Demographic disparities between Thai and Karen as
a result of the development of the medical infrastructure and
population policies: a geomedical study in Changwat Chiang Mai,
northern Thailand. Trierer Geographische Studien, No. 10, ISBN
3-921-599-21-0. 1994. 96 pp. Universitat Trier, Geographische
Gesellschaft Trier: Trier, Germany. In Eng. with sum. in Ger.
This
doctoral dissertation analyzes the main demographic differences between
the Thai and Karen hill tribal populations in northern Thailand. The
focus is on differences between highland and lowland populations,
access to health facilities, and on different disease patterns,
hygienic conditions, living standards, cultural factors, and levels of
education, and how different disease patterns affect demographic
trends, particularly fertility. Data were collected during field
studies in 1992 and 1993.
Correspondence: Universitat
Trier, Geographische Gesellschaft Trier, 54286 Trier, Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30705 Mantorska,
Teresa. The impact of environment on human health: the
Polish case. Polish Population Review, No. 5, 1994. 222-31 pp.
Warsaw, Poland. In Eng.
This is a brief section of an unfinished
manuscript by the author, recently deceased. "The author attempted a
broad investigation into the impact of environmental factors on [the
Polish] population's health condition, mainly from the viewpoint of its
demographic consequences."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:30706 Mathers,
Colin; McCallum, John; Robine, Jean-Marie. Advances in
health expectancies. ISBN 0-644-42733-7. Dec 1994. ix, 450 pp.
Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Canberra, Australia;
Australian Government Publishing Service: Canberra, Australia. In Eng.
These are the proceedings of the seventh international meeting of
the Network on Health Expectancies (REVES), held in Canberra,
Australia, in February 1994. The focus of the Network, and of the
meeting, is on the concept of healthy life expectancy. "The papers
present new estimates of health expectancies for a number of countries,
and discuss the possible compression or expansion of morbidity (are we
living longer but in worse health?); socioeconomic and other
inequalities in health expectancies; methodological issues and the use
of longitudinal data for health expectancy calculations; and
quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and disability-adjusted life years
(DALYs)."
For a previous conference held in 1993, see 59:40677.
Correspondence: C. Mathers, Australian Institute of Health
and Welfare, G.P.O. Box 570, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30707 Omar, M.
M.; Hogberg, U.; Bergstrom, B. Maternal health and child
survival in relation to socioeconomic factors. Gynecologic and
Obstetric Investigation, Vol. 38, No. 2, 1994. 107-12 pp. Basel,
Switzerland. In Eng.
"The aim of this study was to describe the
female population of reproductive age in rural Somalia by its degree of
anemia and malnutrition and relate that to socioeconomic factors, and
child survival....The results of the survey reveal a high degree of
anemia....Anemic women have a higher level of fertility than nonanemic
women, and a higher rate of miscarriage, stillbirths, infant and
toddler mortality....In the Somali setting anemia was also associated
with a deprived socioeconomic situation and impaired child
survival."
Correspondence: U. Hogberg, Umea University,
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, 901 87 Umea, Sweden.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30708 Rashad,
Hoda. Evaluation of the impact of health
interventions. IUSSP Policy and Research Paper, No. 6, ISBN
2-87108-037-2. 1995. 25 pp. International Union for the Scientific
Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"Policy makers
and health programmers are frequently faced with two conflicting
positions in regard to health interventions. The first position links
particular health interventions with significant anticipated reductions
in mortality and morbidity. The second position reflects scepticism
regarding the scope of health improvements that can be achieved from
these interventions....This monograph reviews the main aspects of both
positions and will present facts and interpretations allowing the
clarification of the two conflicting
positions."
Correspondence: International Union for the
Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000 Liege,
Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30709 Reichman,
Nancy E.; Florio, Maryanne J. The effects of enriched
prenatal care services on Medicaid birth outcomes in New Jersey.
OPR Working Paper, No. 95-2, Jan 1995. 32 pp. Princeton University,
Office of Population Research [OPR]: Princeton, New Jersey. In Eng.
"This paper uses a health production function framework to evaluate
the effects of participation in New Jersey's HealthStart program on
birthweights and newborn hospitalization costs in 1989 and 1990.
HealthStart provides enriched prenatal and health support services to
pregnant women on Medicaid. Major emphasis is placed on two stage
estimation in which the first stage regressions predict both prenatal
care usage and participation in the HealthStart program. For blacks,
the results reveal adverse selection in both HealthStart participation
and prenatal care usage, as well as higher birthweights, lower newborn
hospitalization costs, and reduced rates of low birthweight for those
participating in HealthStart."
Correspondence: Princeton
University, Office of Population Research, 21 Prospect Avenue,
Princeton, NJ 08544-2091. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:30710 Seeman,
Melvin; Lewis, Susan. Powerlessness, health and mortality:
a longitudinal study of older men and mature women. Social
Science and Medicine, Vol. 41, No. 4, Aug 1995. 517-25 pp. Tarrytown,
New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
Data from the U.S. National
Longitudinal Surveys for the period 1976-1982 are used to analyze the
relationship between the sense of powerlessness and health and
mortality among the elderly. The results indicate a direct
relationship between powerlessness and health problems, and, among men,
with accelerated mortality.
Correspondence: M. Seeman,
University of California, Department of Sociology, 405 Hilgard Avenue,
Los Angeles, CA 90024-1551. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
61:30711
Senderowitz, Judith. Adolescent health:
reassessing the passage to adulthood. World Bank Discussion Paper,
No. 272, ISBN 0-8213-3157-4. LC 94-48163. 1995. vii, 54 pp. World Bank:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper reviews current data on
adolescent health, with an emphasis on sexual and reproductive
activity. It assesses, by region, trends in sexual knowledge,
contraceptive use, marriage, fertility, and sexually transmitted
diseases, including HIV. It also looks at related issues of sexual
abuse and genital mutilation as well as nutritional needs and health
problems stemming primarily from risk-taking behavior." The
geographical focus is on developing
countries.
Correspondence: World Bank, 1818 H Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20433. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:30712 Stanecki,
Karen A.; Heaton, Laura; Way, Peter O. Sexually
transmitted diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa and associated interactions
with HIV. IPC Staff Paper, No. 75, Apr 1995. viii, 73 pp. U.S.
Bureau of the Census, International Programs Center [IPC], Population
Division: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This study reviews the
literature on the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
in Africa and on the relationship between STDs and HIV/AIDS. A summary
of the available data on STD prevalence in Africa is included as an
appendix, and the creation of an STD database is
proposed.
Correspondence: U.S. Bureau of the Census,
International Programs Center, Population Division, Washington, D.C.
20233. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30713 Stern,
Steven. Estimating family long-term care decisions in the
presence of endogenous child characteristics. Journal of Human
Resources, Vol. 30, No. 3, Summer 1995. 551-80 pp. Madison, Wisconsin.
In Eng.
"This paper estimates the effects of various parent and
child characteristics on the choice of care arrangement of the parent
[in the United States] taking into account the potential endogeneity of
some of the child characteristics. This potential endogeneity is
controlled for by using an instrumental variables approach with panel
data....The estimation procedure shows that, after controlling for
endogeneity, potentially endogenous child variables have smaller
effects. The estimates predict moderate effects of parent sex, age,
race, and health and child sex and marital status, and large effects of
parent marital status and child distance." Data are from the U.S.
National Long-Term Care Survey conducted in 1982 with a follow-up in
1984.
Correspondence: S. Stern, University of Virginia,
Department of Economics, Charlottesville, VA 22903. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPIA).
61:30714 Tata
Institute of Social Sciences (Bombay, India). Sexual
behaviour and AIDS in India. Indian Journal of Social Work, Vol.
40, No. 4, Oct 1994. 499-646 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
"The papers
in this volume were presented at a workshop on The Sexual Aspects of
AIDS/STD Prevention in India sponsored by the Ford Foundation and
hosted by the Tata Institute of Social Sciences in Bombay, November
23-26, 1993. These papers address several different research questions
and are based on empirical research studies undertaken in India." An
introductory paper, by Moni Nag, "presents the current state-of-the-art
on sexual behaviour research in India. This information is
supplemented by a review of some of the international research work on
sexuality. Other papers focus on various different aspects of
sexuality in India including the sexual behaviour of men who have sex
with men, adolescents, young people, sex workers and others in the sex
industry, clients of sex workers, truck drivers, poor slum women, and
rural and urban populations. Important conceptual and methodological
issues in research on sexuality and sexual behaviour [are also
examined]."
Correspondence: Tata Institute of Social
Sciences, P.O. Box 8313, Bombay 400 088, India. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
61:30715 Vallin,
Jacques; Auvert, Bertran; Brouard, Nicolas; Chieze, Francois; Dozon,
Jean-Pierre; Guillaume, Agnes. African populations and
AIDS. [Populations africaines et SIDA.] Collection Recherches,
ISBN 2-7071-2384-6. 1994. 223 pp. Editions La Decouverte: Paris,
France; Centre Francais sur la Population et le Developpement [CEPED]:
Paris, France. In Fre.
This is an interdisciplinary approach to the
study of the AIDS epidemic in Africa. It includes chapters on the
biomedical aspects of AIDS in Africa, epidemiological aspects, the
demographic and other consequences of the epidemic, and the
socioeconomic and other costs of AIDS.
Correspondence:
Editions la Decouverte, 9 bis rue Abel-Hovelacque, 75013 Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:30716 Vigneron,
Emmanuel. The geography of health in question. [La
geographie de la sante en question.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No.
1, 1995. 148 pp. Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, UFR
de Geographie: Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng; Fre.
This special
issue is devoted to the geography of health, and represents the
proceedings of a conference held in Dijon, France, September 16-17,
1994, organized by the French National Committee of the International
Geographical Union. The geographical focus of the studies presented
varies from global to country-specific.
Correspondence:
Universite de Lille 1, U.F.R. de Geographie, Batiment 2, 59655
Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:30717 World Bank
(Washington, D.C.). Chile: the adult health policy
challenge. World Bank Country Study, ISBN 0-8213-3224-4. LC
95-8630. May 1995. lxii, 182 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng. with sum. in
Spa.
"The primary objective of this study is to analyze the
demographic, epidemiological, financial, and institutional aspects of
the health transition in Chile and discuss alternative actions for
addressing them." It includes a chapter that analyzes the demographic
and health transition and its consequences.
Correspondence:
World Bank, Office of the Publisher, Distribution Unit, 1818 H Street
NW, Washington, D.C. 20433. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:30718 Wright,
Peter F. Global immunization: a medical perspective.
Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 41, No. 5, Sep 1995. 609-16 pp.
Tarrytown, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The global community
is close to achieving universal childhood immunization against a group
of important childhood diseases--measles, tuberculosis, diphtheria,
pertussis, tetanus and polio. In addition, polio has been targeted for
eradication by the year 2000 and neonatal tetanus for elimination by
1995. There are targeted reductions in mortality and cases of measles
by the same year. This paper addresses the difficult issue of how
optimally to integrate these public health initiatives into local
health care practices and beliefs....The reliance on a largely
technological approach to control of these childhood diseases which
occur in all societies independent of social behavior is contrasted
with efforts to control HIV infection in which social structure and
practices predict the occurrence of the
disease."
Correspondence: P. F. Wright, Vanderbilt
University, Department of Pediatrics, Nashville, TN 37235.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
61:30719 Zurayk,
Huda. Population and health. IUSSP Distinguished
Lecture Series on Population and Development, ISBN 2-87108-041-1. 1994.
21 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population
[IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"The main aim of this paper is to
critically examine how the international perspective on population and
development has viewed the health dimension. We will adopt a
historical view tracing gradually the emphasis given to intersections
with health. We will see that the nature of the health focus has been
affected by developments in the field both in terms of the ongoing
debate on the relationship between population growth and development,
and in terms of the body of knowledge cumulated on the interdynamics of
population and health."
Correspondence: International Union
for the Scientific Study of Population, 34 rue des Augustins, 4000
Liege, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
No citations in this issue.
