61:20584 Adlakha,
Arjun; Rudolph, David J. Aging trends: Indonesia.
Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, Vol. 9, No. 1, Jan 1994. 99-108
pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
The authors discuss causes and
consequences of aging trends in Indonesia. Aspects considered include
median age and support ratios; life expectancy; marital status and
living arrangements; health, mobility, and disability; education; and
work and income.
Correspondence: A. Adlakha, U.S. Bureau of
the Census, Center for International Research, Washington, D.C.
20233-3700. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20585 Alvarez
Edo, M.; Sanchez Compadre, E. Biodemographic alterations
derived from reservoir building in a rural settlement in Spain.
Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 27, No. 1, Jan 1995. 61-70 pp.
Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"In the mountainous regions of Palencia
in the north of Spain, three dams have been built this century. This
paper analyses the biodemographic modifications in the settlement
directly affected by the construction of these dams, and compares it
with nearby control settlements with similar demographic and social
structure, in order to establish the effects of the flooding of
extensive areas....It is concluded that emigration has been the most
significant demographic phenomenon in the two settlements studied.
This emigration has had a direct effect on the demographic variables of
birth, death and marriage rates, and at the same time has transformed
the age structure of the populations to give them a high mean
age....But it is concluded that the direct effect of building the
Camporredondo and Compuerto dams has been slight, since neither the
demographic patterns nor the demographic variables show any important
significant statistical differences between the two localities which
have been compared."
Correspondence: M. Alvarez Edo,
University of Leon, Department of Animal Biology, Anthropology Section,
Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 Leon, Spain. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20586 Bourdelais,
Patrice. Demographic aging: a current issue or an
out-of-date concept? [Le vieillissement de la population:
question d'actualite ou notion obsolete?] Debat, No. 82, Nov-Dec 1994.
173-92 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
The author examines the concept
of demographic aging and its relevance to modern conditions, with
particular reference to contemporary France. He suggests that the
belief that demographic aging leads to a number of economic and social
problems is based on an outmoded concept of what aging means, and that
the elderly today are healthier, richer, and more willing and able to
contribute to society than in the past. He suggests that it would make
sense to redefine the concept of old age to restrict it to those over
age 80, and to consider those over age 60 as potential contributors to,
rather than dependents on, society's
resources.
Correspondence: P. Bourdelais, 8 rue des
Fontaines, 78125 Hermeray, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
61:20587
Chakravarty, Satya R.; Chakravarty, Sumita. A
general index of aging. Demography India, Vol. 22, No. 1, Jan-Jun
1993. 89-96 pp. Delhi, India. In Eng.
"The construction of an aging
index requires the undertaking of two distinct exercises: (i) the
identification of the set of old persons in the population, and (ii)
aggregation of the information available on the ages of the old persons
into an indicator that will quantify the extent of oldness....The
purpose of this paper is to suggest some additional important
properties for an aging index. We also propose a new general index
that satisfies all these properties along with continuity and
monotonicity....[We present] a numerical illustration of the general
index using age data of Indian population for the year
1981...."
Correspondence: S. R. Chakravarty, Indian
Statistical Institute, Economic Research Unit, 203 Barrackpore Trunk
Road, Calcutta 700 035, India. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20588 Doilicho,
Beyene. Rural urban and regional variations in the sex
structure of Ethiopia's population. Eastern and Southern Africa
Geographical Journal, Vol. 4, No. 1, Jul 1993. 35-49 pp. Nairobi,
Kenya. In Eng.
"This paper examines the sex structure of the
population of Ethiopia with emphasis on the sex structure of the urban
population which is somewhat unique in Africa. An attempt is made to
show rural-urban and north-south differences in sex structure using sex
[ratio] classes and [the] 'Rural-Urban Sex Ratio Gap'....Some possible
factors and implications of the situation are stated." Data are from a
number of official sources, including the preliminary report from the
1984 census.
Correspondence: B. Doilicho, Addis Ababa
University, Department of Geography, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia. Location: Cornell University Library, Ithaca, NY.
61:20589 Francese,
Peter. America at mid-decade. American Demographics,
Vol. 17, No. 2, Feb 1995. 23-31 pp. Ithaca, New York. In Eng.
"The
charts and graphs on the following pages were chosen to convey some of
the complexity of the American marketplace in the mid-1990s. The main
points appear under the headings The People, The Places, The Money, and
The Mood." The demographic characteristics considered include
households, educational status, employment, age distribution,
migration, and income distribution. Data are primarily from the March
1994 U.S. Current Population Survey.
Correspondence: P.
Francese, American Demographics, 127 West State Street, Ithaca, NY
14850. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20590 Fratczak,
Ewa. Population aging in Poland--selected aspects.
ISBN 92-9103-019-8. 1993. 114 pp. International Institute on Aging
[INIA]: Valletta, Malta; Committee for International Cooperation in
National Research in Demography [CICRED]: Paris, France. In Eng.
This is one in a series of country monographs on the demographic
and socioeconomic aspects of population aging. This report concerns
Poland, and has chapters on population aging, the determinants of
population aging, households and housing, socioeconomic characteristics
of the elderly, the aging family and individual life courses, and
mortality and health aspects.
Correspondence: International
Institute on Aging, 117 St. Paul Street, Valletta VLT 07, Malta.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20591 Grundy,
Emily. Socio-demographic change and support for the
elderly in developed countries. In: Low fertility in East and
Southeast Asia: issues and policies. Aug 1994. 151-80 pp. Korea
Institute for Health and Social Affairs [KIHASA]: Seoul, Korea,
Republic of. In Eng.
"This chapter makes a quantitative assessment
of some of the demographic dimensions of the elderly populations in
developed countries, considers changes in their demographic
characteristics relevant to the supply of potential family support, and
reviews recent changes in household and family patterns, including
inter-generational exchanges, and their possible
implications."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
61:20592 Gu,
Baochang; Xu, Yi. A comprehensive discussion of the birth
gender ratio in China. Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol.
6, No. 4, 1994. 417-31 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This
article posits that the increasing gender ratio for newborns in China
since the 1980s is related to child-bearing women's educational level,
place of residence, nationality, and gender of their previous children;
withholding the exact number of children from census-takers, cases
missed, and errors made in birth statistics are an important reason for
the lop-sided birth gender ratio; to a certain extent, unlawful use of
ultra-sound to detect the fetus' gender, which leads to gender choice
based abortion, also affects the gender ratio at birth; the illegal
practice of drowning of female infants, though not a main reason,
occurs with some frequency in remote areas and calls for serious
attention and efforts to eliminate this
phenomenon."
Correspondence: B. Gu, China Population
Information and Research Center, P.O. Box 2444, Beijing 100081, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20593 Jacquot,
Alain. The impact of migration on uneven aging in rural
and urban areas: a study of Brittany and Lorraine. [Les
migrations et l'inegal vieillissement des zones rurales et des zones
urbaines: une etude sur la Bretagne et la Lorraine.] Population, Vol.
49, No. 4-5, Jul-Oct 1994. 985-1,013 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with
sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The object of this paper is to assess the
relative contribution of migration and natural increase to the ageing
of the French population at the regional or local levels. The method
is applied to 22 French regions on the mainland, and for two of these
regions--Brittany and Lorraine--also to two sets of local areas defined
by the proportion urban. In both regions, migration had a negative
effect on the ageing of populations in the main cities and in local
areas which have benefited from the process of counter-urbanisation,
and a positive effect on the ageing of smaller cities. At the regional
level, the impact of migration, measured in terms of changes in the
average age, has always been smaller than that of natural increase,
except in the Ile-de-France region which includes the Paris
area."
Correspondence: A. Jacquot, Institut National de la
Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, 18 boulevard Adolphe Pinard,
75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20594 Lopez
Jimenez, Juan J. The process of demographic aging in
Spain. [El proceso de envejecimiento demografico en Espana.]
Revista Internacional de Sociologia, No. 1, Jan-Apr 1992. 127-46 pp.
Madrid, Spain. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
A retrospective analysis
of the ways that various disciplines have taken to the study of
demographic aging is presented. The author concludes by considering
gerontology as a science and as the point of convergence for the
various disciplines concerned with demographic
aging.
Correspondence: J. J. Lopez Jimenez, Centro de
Estudios Sociales, Madrid, Spain. Location: Princeton
University Library (FST).
61:20595 Nishimura,
Hiroko; Klinger, Andras. The ageing in Hungary and Japan:
comparative studies about the developments in the two countries.
ISBN 963-7109-48-X. 1995. iv, 239 pp. Kozponti Statisztikai Hivatal:
Budapest, Hungary. In Eng.
This publication is the product of a
cooperative venture between Hungarian and Japanese scholars on the
common experience of both countries in coping with the aging of their
populations. The 12 papers included deal with the demographic
characteristics of the two aging populations, as well as such issues as
the employment of the elderly, family life, pensions, care of the
elderly, health issues, and suicide.
Correspondence:
Kozponti Statisztikai Hivatal, Keleti Karoly Utca 5-7, 1525 Budapest
II, Hungary. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20596 Otto,
Johannes. The aging society: German Society for
Demography, Twenty-Seventh Working Meeting on February 25-27, 1993, in
Bad Homburg vor der Hohe. [Die alter werdende Gesellschaft:
Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, 27. Arbeitstagung
vom 25. bis 27. Februar 1993 in Bad Homburg v.d. Hohe.] Materialien zur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, No. 80, 1993. 238 pp. Bundesinstitut fur
Bevolkerungsforschung: Wiesbaden, Germany. In Eng; Ger.
This
publication contains 12 papers presented at the February 1993 meeting
of the German Society for Demography. The papers focus on demographic
aging and its implications in Germany and the European Community. One
paper is in English, and the rest are in German. Individual papers deal
with the determinants of population aging in Germany from 1871 to 2060,
regional aspects of demographic aging, health aspects, financing
old-age security in the former East Germany, living conditions of older
people in the European Community, socio-demographic characteristics of
the older foreign population in Germany, and elderly
women.
Correspondence: Bundesinstitut fur
Bevolkerungsforschung, Gustav-Stresemann-Ring 6, Postfach 5528, 6200
Wiesbaden, Germany. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
61:20597 Park, Chai
Bin; Cho, Nam-Hoon. Consequences of son preference in a
low-fertility society: imbalance of the sex ratio at birth in
Korea. Population and Development Review, Vol. 21, No. 1, Mar
1995. 59-84, 217, 219 pp. New York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre;
Spa.
"In this article we present empirical evidence of...these
changes in the sex ratio at birth, focusing on [South] Korea. Then we
discuss possible demographic, social, health, and other implications of
the changes....We do not consider female infanticide and failure to
report female births, both prevalent in China according to some
authors, to be factors in Korea....Fearing a wide practice of
sex-selective abortion in the country, the Korean government is now
enforcing strong measures to curb the use of technologies for the sex
determination of fetuses."
Correspondence: C. B. Park,
University of Hawaii, School of Public Health, 1960 East-West Road,
Honolulu, HI 96822. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
61:20598 Rossner,
Thomas. Trends in population structure in the Republic of
South Africa. [Zur Entwicklung der Bevolkerungsstruktur in der
Republik Sudafrika.] Zeitschrift fur den Erdkundeunterricht, Vol. 45,
No. 5, May 1993. 162-70 pp. Berlin, Germany. In Ger.
Information is
presented on the population structure of South Africa, including the
effects of apartheid on socioeconomic differences between individual
population groups. Data are from the Development Bank of Southern
Africa and the 1991 population census.
Correspondence: T.
Rossner, Universitat Fridericiana Karlsruhe, Institut fur
Regionalwissenshaften, Kaiserstrasse 12, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.
61:20599 Thailand.
National Statistical Office (Bangkok, Thailand). 1990
population and housing census. Subject report No. 2: population ageing
in Thailand. ISBN 974-8095-52-5. 1994. [x], 51, 59 pp. Bangkok,
Thailand. In Eng; Tha.
This is an analysis of demographic aging in
Thailand based on sample data from the 1990 census. The demographic
and socioeconomic characteristics of the elderly population are
described. The living arrangements and household composition of the
elderly are also examined, as is life
expectancy.
Correspondence: National Statistical Office,
Statistical Data Bank and Information Dissemination Division, Larn
Luang Road, Bangkok 10100, Thailand. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:20600 Ulizzi, L.;
Zonta, L. A. Factors affecting the sex ratio in humans:
multivariate analysis of the Italian population. Human Biology,
Vol. 67, No. 1, Feb 1995. 59-67 pp. Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
"Several studies have shown that the human secondary sex ratio is
affected by a wide range of biological and environmental factors.
Here, we describe a partitioning of the sex ratio variability as
observed in the Italian population over the last two generations. This
period has seen drastic changes in the environmental conditions of
Italy. As a consequence, demographic and biological variables that can
affect the sex ratio have also changed dramatically. In an attempt to
isolate any specific effect, we used a stepwise multiple regression to
analyze the covariation over time of the sex ratio and of relevant
parameters, such as stillbirth rate, maternal age, firstborn
proportion, and birth order. The results show that a quadratic
function of the firstborn proportion and mother's age is a fairly good
predictor of sex ratio values."
Correspondence: L. Ulizzi,
Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento di Genetica e
Biologia Molecolare, Piazzale A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20601 Yang,
Ji. On the Bama longevity zone and the local environment
for survival. Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol. 6, No.
4, 1994. 333-43 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"Based on the
author's long and in-depth social investigations in Bama County,
Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, [China], one of the world's
well-known longevity zones, this article looks at the longevity group
and the favorable environment for their survival in an attempt to gain
a better understanding of the issue both theoretically and
empirically."
Correspondence: J. Yang, Institute of
Population Research, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20602 Bradford,
M. G.; Robson, B. T.; Tye, R. Constructing an urban
deprivation index: a way of meeting the need for flexibility.
Environment and Planning A, Vol. 27, No. 4, Apr 1995. 519-33 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
The authors examine the use of census data
to construct an urban deprivation index for the United Kingdom, with
special attention given to the need for flexibility. "A single index
is rejected in favour of a matrix of results which captures the complex
geography of deprivation. The matrix of districts includes measures of
the degree of deprivation, its spatial extent, its intensity, and the
spatial distribution of deprivation at the enumeration district scale.
The profiles of various districts are discussed to illustrate the use
of the matrix."
Correspondence: M. G. Bradford, University
of Manchester, Department of Geography, Mansfield Cooper Building,
Manchester M13 9PL, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (UES).
61:20603 Calot,
Gerard. Tax law, marital status, and number of
children. [Droit fiscal, etat matrimonial et nombre d'enfants.]
Population, Vol. 49, No. 6, Nov-Dec 1994. 1,473-500 pp. Paris, France.
In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"This article analyses certain
aspects of French direct taxation in 1992 and 1993 according to marital
status, number of children and income. It appears that the various
provisions added to the family splitting rule are the cause of a
significant difference between the number of fiscal units according to
the legislation based on the number of children and the actual number,
particularly in low-income families. Marriage is only advantageous for
married couples with one breadwinner....The increase in the rate of the
new social tax...combined with the reduction in income tax has
increased the tax burden for almost all households and this is
detrimental to low-income families."
Correspondence: G.
Calot, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques,
18 boulevard Adolphe Pinard, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20604 Denton,
Frank T.; Mountain, Dean C.; Spencer, Byron G. Fertility,
age distribution, and the aggregate production function. QSEP
Research Report, No. 310, Nov 1994. 32 pp. McMaster University, Faculty
of Social Sciences, Program for Quantitative Studies in Economics and
Population: Hamilton, Canada. In Eng.
"Our purpose in this paper is
to explore one important aspect of changes in age distribution, namely
the way in which they alter input availability and output capacity, and
hence average real income levels....We specify a multilevel aggregate
production process, assign plausible values to its parameters, and
obtain steady-state solutions under a range of alternative fertility
assumptions. The central issue can be put as follows: Abstracting
from all other considerations, does an economy with an 'old' or a
'young' population have a markedly different capacity for generating
output and income per capita than one with a less extreme age
distribution?" The geographical focus is on developed
countries.
Correspondence: McMaster University, Faculty of
Social Sciences, Program for Quantitative Studies in Economics and
Population, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4M4, Canada. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20605 Ermisch,
John F. Impact of low fertility on family income and
investment. In: Low fertility in East and Southeast Asia: issues
and policies. Aug 1994. 214-30 pp. Korea Institute for Health and
Social Affairs [KIHASA]: Seoul, Korea, Republic of. In Eng.
"It has
been shown that the relationships among fertility, family income and
investments in children and other assets are complex, making simple
associations misleading. Studies which have attempted to measure the
impact of exogenous variation in fertility suggest that lower fertility
leads to a modest increase in parental human capital investment in
children, and to substantial increases in family income and asset
accumulation by raising women's labour force participation and their
earnings." The geographical focus is on Asia.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20606 Li,
Wei. Human resources development and poverty alleviation:
a study of 23 poor counties in China. Asia-Pacific Population
Journal, Vol. 9, No. 3, Sep 1994. 3-18 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
"In recent years, poverty has become a serious issue in the
socioeconomic development of China. One of the most important features
of poverty is 'poor population quality', a factor that also causes
poverty. Human resources development (HRD) strategies have been used as
a weapon against poverty in many developing countries; some have proven
to be quite effective. This article, which researches the relationship
between HRD indicators and poverty status, finds that enhancement of
education levels, improvement of health status, the gaining of skills
and experience, increasing time away from home and choosing suitable
occupations, all can contribute greatly to the reduction and
alleviation of poverty."
Correspondence: W. Li, Australian
National University, Research School of Social Sciences, Demography
Program, G.P.O. Box 4, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20607 Nelissen,
Jan H. M. Lifetime income redistribution by social
security. Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1995.
89-105 pp. New York, New York/Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"This paper
discusses the redistributive impact of the Dutch social security system
on lifetime basis. Net benefits appear to be positive for the birth
generations up to 1960. Social insurances show a declining net
benefit, whereas for occupational pensions the reverse holds. It is
generally assumed that flat-rated social security schemes are more
redistributive ones than wage-related schemes. However, the Dutch
social security system shows that on a lifetime basis the
redistributive impact of flat-rated general insurances does not
necessarily largely differ from the wage-related employee insurances.
Social assistance schemes result in a very large income redistribution
in view of the small amounts involved. Social insurances and social
assistance schemes have an income equalizing effect. On the contrary,
occupational pensions increase income
inequality."
Correspondence: J. H. M. Nelissen, Tilburg
University, Department of Social Security Studies, P.O. Box 90153, 5000
LE Tilburg, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20608 Razin,
Assaf; Yuen, Chi-Wa. Utilitarian tradeoff between
population growth and income growth. Journal of Population
Economics, Vol. 8, No. 1, 1995. 81-7 pp. New York, New York/Berlin,
Germany. In Eng.
"This paper extends the comparison of classical
and average utilitarianism from a static to a dynamic and endogenously
growing economy. Using a stylised endogenous growth framework, it
confirms that the Benthamite population growth rate exceeds the Millian
growth rate. In terms of the rate of growth of per capita income, the
reverse is true. Having the standard of living often increasing under
the Benthamite criterion, our results thereby depart significantly from
'the repugnant conclusion' levelled against classical
utilitarianism."
Correspondence: C.-W. Yuen, Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, Department of Economics, Clear
Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20609
Stolzenberg, Ross M.; Tienda, Marta. English
proficiency, education and the conditional economic assimilation of
Hispanic and Asian origin men. Population Research Center
Discussion Paper Series, No. 94-7, Jul 1994. 28, [6] pp. University of
Chicago, National Opinion Research Center [NORC], Population Research
Center: Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"We consider the hypothesis that
earnings of Asian and white Hispanic men follow a pattern called
conditional economic assimilation: white Hispanic and Asian men who do
not speak English well and who have little schooling tend to earn less
money than white nonHispanic men who also do not speak English well and
who also have little schooling, but Asians and white Hispanics who are
fluent in English and have completed high school tend to earn about as
much as nonHispanic whites with similar schooling and English
fluency....A mathematical model indicates that conditional assimilation
is produced by higher rates of return to English language fluency and
schooling for Asians and white Hispanics than for white nonHispanics.
Analyses of 1980 U.S. Census Public Use Microdata Samples dramatically
support that model. We also consider theoretical differences between
race and ethnicity, and differences between the mechanisms which
produce race and ethnicity effects on minority
earnings."
Correspondence: University of Chicago, National
Opinion Research Center, Population Research Center, 1155 East 60th
Street, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20610 Tawanda,
Michael. Children's gender composition and
intergenerational wealth flows: a case study of Senegal using 1986
Senegal DHS data. Population Studies Program Demographic Working
Paper, No. DWP/004/94, [1994]. 32 pp. University of Zimbabwe,
Department of Sociology, Population Studies Program: Harare, Zimbabwe.
In Eng.
"In this study, we utilize 1986 Demographic Health Survey
data for Senegal, to examine the proposition that children's gender
composition has independent effects on the flow of wealth from children
to parents....The results provide moderate support for the hypothesis
that households with a masculine children's gender composition have
higher living standards than households with a feminine children's
gender composition."
Correspondence: University of
Zimbabwe, Department of Sociology, Population Studies Program, Mount
Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20611 Tienda,
Marta; Hsueh, Sheri. Earnings consequences of employment
instability among minority men. Population Research Center
Discussion Paper Series, No. 94-11, Jun 1994. 41, [8] pp. University of
Chicago, National Opinion Research Center [NORC], Population Research
Center: Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes the 1986
and 1987 Panels of the [U.S.] Survey of Income and Program
Participation to evaluate the influence on monthly earnings of
employment instability and underemployment. We hypothesize that
observed race and ethnic differences in earnings reflect the operation
of two mechanisms: (1) a sorting mechanism, whereby minority men are
at greater risk of experiencing labor force instability or protracted
inactivity during a given year; and (2) a discrimination mechanism,
reflected in unequal earnings among men whose annual labor force
experiences are similar. On the sorting mechanism we find that,
relative to white men, black men were more likely to experience
protracted labor force inactivity while Hispanic men were more likely
to experience unstable employment activity. On the discrimination
mechanism, we find large effects of utilization states on monthly
earnings for both stably and unstably employed men and more pronounced
race and ethnic effects on earnings for stably employed compared to
unstably employed men."
Correspondence: University of
Chicago, National Opinion Research Center, Population Research Center,
1155 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:20612 Tienda,
Marta; Singer, Audrey. Wage mobility of undocumented
workers in the United States. Population Research Center
Discussion Paper Series, No. 94-9, Jul 1994. 30, [16] pp. University of
Chicago, National Opinion Research Center [NORC], Population Research
Center: Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"This study addresses two
fundamental questions about the economic assimilation of undocumented
immigrants in the United States: 1) How different are recently
legalized immigrants from all foreign-born persons and native-born
whites?; and 2) Do wages of undocumented immigrants improve as they
acquire greater amounts of U.S. experience, and if so, are these
improvements comparable to those of immigrants in general? We analyze
the Legalized Population Survey and the Current Population Survey to
assess the returns to U.S. experience and find positive returns to U.S.
experience for both undocumented migrants and all foreign-born men.
Returns to U.S. experience depend on region of
origin."
Correspondence: University of Chicago, National
Opinion Research Center, Population Research Center, 1155 East 60th
Street, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20613 Vijverberg,
Wim P. M.; Zeager, Lester A. Comparing earnings profiles
in urban areas of an LDC: rural-to-urban migrants vs. native
workers. Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 45, No. 2, Dec
1994. 177-99 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"We use Tanzanian
data to test a recently proposed hypothesis that rural-to-urban
migrants have an incentive to supply greater work effort than native
urban workers, because of the migrants' positive probability of
returning to the low-wage rural areas. We treat the choice between
public- and private-sector employment as endogenous and, for
theoretical and empirical reasons, distinguish migrants with access to
rural land from those without access. Our results show that migrants
in both sectors face lower initial wage offers than native urban
workers. But, the wage gap is eliminated within a decade or less, and
thereafter, migrants surpass the wage offers of native
workers."
Correspondence: W. P. M. Vijverberg, University
of Texas at Dallas, School of Social Sciences, Richardson, TX
75083-0688. Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
61:20614
Winter-Ebmer, Rudolf; Zweimuller, Josef.
Immigration and the earnings of young native workers. CEPR
Discussion Paper, No. 936, Apr 1994. [iv], 33 pp. Centre for Economic
Policy Research [CEPR]: London, England. In Eng.
The impact of
foreigners on the earnings of young native workers is explored using
data for Austria for the period 1972-1992. "The results show no
negative impact of foreign labour on young natives' earnings levels
either in a regional or sectoral respect and at the firm level. The
results for earnings growth in the period 1988-91 are mixed. For job
changers a rise in the share of foreign workers tends to be positive,
whereas for workers staying with the same firm we find significant
negative effects."
Correspondence: Centre for Economic
Policy Research, 25-28 Old Burlington Street, London W1X 1LB, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20615 Wright,
Robert E. Household structure and poverty. Genus,
Vol. 50, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1994. 133-50 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng. with
sum. in Fre; Ita.
"This paper proposes a method for controlling for
compositional factors in the measurement of poverty. The method is
based on the notion of 'direct standardisation', used extensively in
the field of demography....With this class of standardised measures, it
[is] possible to examine underlying differences in poverty while
controlling for compositional factors known to be correlated with the
incidence and intensity of poverty. The method is illustrated by
examining the relationship between household structure and poverty in
seven European countries: France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Poland and Great Britain. The data are centered around
1985 and form part of the Luxembourg Income
Study."
Correspondence: R. E. Wright, University of
Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:20616 Bootsma,
Hans G. The influence of a work oriented lifestyle on
residential location choice of couples. PDOD Paper, No. 28, Nov
1994. 16 pp. Universiteit van Amsterdam, Postdoctorale
Onderzoekersopleiding Demografie [PDOD]: Amsterdam, Netherlands. In
Eng.
"In this paper the hypothesis has been tested that by studying
attitudes on female labour force participation a better basis for
explaining residential choice of couples is derived....An important
idea...is that those couples [for whom] paid labour of women is
regarded as important and not subordinate to the work of the husband or
to unpaid labour, are choosing an urban residential location." Data
are from surveys conducted in the
Netherlands.
Correspondence: H. G. Bootsma, University of
Amsterdam, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, Department of Planning and
Demography, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20617 Dorling,
D. Visualizing changing social structure from a
census. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 27, No. 3, Mar 1995.
353-78 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"In this paper it is shown how
new visualization techniques are being used to analyze the first
results of the British 1991 Census and other large data sets." The
focus is on new ways to show how localities develop over time. The
author suggests that this cannot be done effectively using traditional
quantitative techniques. "Pictures are needed to show how different
processes occur in different places, and holistic patterns need also to
be seen without generalizing out the detail. Neither traditional
thematic mapping nor commercial geographic information systems can do
this well. Spatial visualization is an alternative approach in which
the researchers choose what they wish to see and how they wish to view
it. Many problems require new methods of visualization for their
exploration. A new census presents us not only with new statistics,
but also with the opportunity and impetus to develop radically
different ways of envisioning information to reveal more fully the
human facts contained within a mass of social
statistics."
Correspondence: D. Dorling, University of
Newcastle upon Tyne, Department of Geography, Daysh Building, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE1 7RU, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (UES).
61:20618 Klepinger,
Daniel H.; Lundberg, Shelly; Plotnick, Robert D.
Adolescent fertility and the educational attainment of young
women. Family Planning Perspectives, Vol. 27, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1995.
23-8 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The authors investigate the
relationship between adolescent childbearing and educational attainment
in the United States. "Analyses based on a sample of 2,795 women
interviewed annually from 1979 through 1991 in the National
Longitudinal Survey of Youth show that early childbearing lowers the
educational attainment of young women. After controls for an extensive
set of personal and community characteristics are taken into account,
having a child before age 20 significantly reduces schooling attained
by almost three years among whites, blacks and Hispanics. Having a
child before age 18 has a significant effect only among blacks,
reducing years of schooling by 1.2 years."
Correspondence:
D. H. Klepinger, Battelle Institute, Human Affairs Research Center,
4000 NE 41st Street, Seattle, WA 98105. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:20619 Lillard,
Lee A.; Willis, Robert J. Intergenerational educational
mobility: effects of family and state in Malaysia. Journal of
Human Resources, Vol. 29, No. 4, Fall 1994. 1,126-66 pp. Madison,
Wisconsin. In Eng.
"In this paper we explore evidence concerning
the relationship between parents' and children's education using a new
body of data, the Second Malaysian Family Life Survey (MFLS-2), which
contains information on the education of as many as four generations
within a given family. These data allow us to study the spread of
education in Malaysia over much of this century by examining the
educational attainment of birth cohorts from 1910 to 1980. More
significantly, we use these data to study the effects of parental
education on the progress of their children through elementary,
secondary, and post-secondary school within a sequential discrete-time
hazard model which allows for correlations among unmeasured family and
individual-specific components."
Correspondence: L. A.
Lillard, RAND, 1700 Main Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA
90407-2138. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20620 Macourt, M.
P. A. Using census data: religion as a key variable in
studies of Northern Ireland. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 27,
No. 4, Apr 1995. 593-614 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"For the
first time since a question on religion was first included in the
Census of Population (in 1861), the recently published results of the
1991 Census show that less than half of the population of Northern
Ireland declared themselves as belonging to a Protestant Christian
denomination. Discussions surrounding the future political and
constitutional arrangements for Northern Ireland frequently include
evidence adduced about the relative size of the two 'tribes' widely
identified by the labels 'Protestant' and 'Catholic'. The major source
of that evidence comes from the question on religion contained in the
Northern Ireland Census, and this paper is concerned with the nature
and use of that data. The legitimacy of certain uses of the data is
questioned; the reliability of the data is considered; and certain
tentative findings are presented based on the data published in the
(hard copy) reports."
Correspondence: M. P. A. Macourt,
University of Northumbria, Faculty of Social Science, Newcastle upon
Tyne NE1 8ST, England. Location: Princeton University Library
(UES).
61:20621 Parish,
William L.; Zhe, Xiaoye. Education and work in rural
China: opportunities for men and women. Population Research
Center Discussion Paper Series, No. 95-5, Feb 1995. 14, [9] pp.
University of Chicago, National Opinion Research Center [NORC],
Population Research Center: Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"The
economic reforms in the Chinese countryside since 1978...provide a
major natural experiment in the social and economic consequences of the
transition from planned to market systems. This paper provides a
beginning assessment of some of those changes with new 1993 data on
rural China. Our emphasis is on changing [educational] opportunities
for men and women and the ways in which this education produces human
capital that leads to significant new work and income
rewards."
Correspondence: University of Chicago, National
Opinion Research Center, Population Research Center, 1155 East 60th
Street, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20622 Pong,
Suet-Ling. Educational policy outcomes and intentions in
Malaysia. Population Research Institute Working Paper, No. 95-03,
Feb 1995. 22, [6] pp. Pennsylvania State University, Population
Research Institute: University Park, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
"This
paper shows the outcomes of education policies in Malaysia that were
intended to affect the educational inequality between the country's
three ethnic groups. Using data from the Second Malaysian Family Life
Survey, it can be seen that these policies increased educational
attainment for all three groups. At the same time, these policies
reversed previous ethnic stratification in education by sponsoring
Malays' upward mobility."
Correspondence: Pennsylvania
State University, Population Research Institute, 601 Oswald Tower,
University Park, PA 16802-6411. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:20623
Silverstein, Merril. Stability and change in
temporal distance between the elderly and their children.
Demography, Vol. 32, No. 1, Feb 1995. 29-45 pp. Washington, D.C. In
Eng.
"Drawing on a developmental model of late-life migration, this
paper investigates how older people's health and social characteristics
influence stability and change in their temporal distance from their
children. Data from the [U.S.] Longitudinal Study of Aging are used to
examine both discrete transitions and continuous change in distance
over a four-year period. Decline in older parents' physical health
increased the propensity of parents and children to become temporally
closer to each other. Among those parent-child pairs who had become
closer, the conjunction of declining health and widowhood increased
both the degree of non-coresident proximity and the likelihood of
transition to coresidence. The findings portray a geographically
resilient family that adjusts to the changing needs of its older
members."
Correspondence: M. Silverstein, University of
Southern California, Andrus Gerontology Center, University Park, Los
Angeles, CA 90089-0191. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
61:20624 Abrahamse,
Allan F.; Morrison, Peter A.; Bolton, Nancy M. Surname
analysis for estimating local concentration of Hispanics and
Asians. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 13, No. 4, Dec
1994. 383-98 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Surname analysis
is a potentially useful technique for identifying members of particular
racial, ethnic, or language communities within a population. We review
the existing state of the art for identifying persons of Hispanic or
Asian origin [in the United States], based on surnames distinctive of
each group. We describe the logic of surname analysis, profile several
available surname dictionaries, and illustrate their applications in
local redistricting. Results of our ongoing validation studies suggest
promising future directions for improving accuracy and broadening
applications."
This article is based on a paper presented at the
1993 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: P. A. Morrison, RAND, 1700 Main
Street, P.O. Box 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20625 Bennett,
Claudette E. The black population in the United States:
March 1994 and 1993. Current Population Reports, Series P-20:
Population Characteristics, No. 480, Jan 1995. vi, 137, [36] pp. U.S.
Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report
presents a statistical portrait of the demographic, social, and
economic characteristics of [U.S.] Blacks based primarily on the March
1993 and 1994 Supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS). Data
from other supplements to the CPS, the Survey of Income Program and
Participation, and the decennial census also are included. Topics
covered included population growth and geographic distribution, marital
status, family type and composition, educational attainment,
employment, unemployment, occupational distribution, family income,
earnings, poverty status, and the tenure of
householders."
Correspondence: U.S. Government Printing
Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20626 Bonvalet,
Catherine; Carpenter, Juliet; White, Paul. The residential
mobility of ethnic minorities: a longitudinal analysis. Urban
Studies, Vol. 32, No. 1, Feb 1995. 87-103 pp. Abingdon, England. In
Eng.
This study examines alternative approaches to the study of
ethnic minorities in urban settings other than the use of data from
population censuses, particularly a method that uses individuals
instead of geographic areas as the unit of research. "This possibility
exists for the study of ethnic minority residential mobility in the
Paris region through the secondary analysis of a major survey carried
out in 1986 by the French National Demographic Research Institute
(INED). The results of such an analysis lead to a questioning of
certain established ideas on the importance of the inner city for
residence, but provide confirmation of higher-than-average mobility
rates."
Correspondence: C. Bonvalet, Institut National
d'Etudes Demographiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675 Paris Cedex 14,
France. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
61:20627 Dragunskii,
Denis V. Imposed ethnicity. Russian Social Science
Review, Vol. 36, No. 2, Mar-Apr 1995. 71-82 pp. Armonk, New York. In
Eng.
Some issues concerning ethnicity in the Soviet Union and its
successor states are explored, with reference to the rules concerning
the allocation of individuals to specific ethnic groups and how those
rules have changed over time. Particular attention is given to the
changing situation in post-Soviet Russia. The author concludes that
"ethnic divergence and the associated phenomenon of 'imposed ethnicity'
will continue to have an influence on the political situation in Russia
for a long time to come."
Translated from the Russian article by
Polis in Politicheskie Issledovaniya, 1993, No. 5, pp. 24-30.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
61:20628 Gladney,
Dru C. China's ethnic reawakening. Asia Pacific
Issues, No. 18, Jan 1995. 8 pp. East-West Center: Honolulu, Hawaii. In
Eng.
The author discusses the recent increase in the number of
groups seeking minority status in China, with a focus on the cultural
differences among them. "These differences may increase under economic
pressures such as inflation, the growing gap between rich and poor
areas, and the migration of millions of people from poorer provinces to
those with jobs. Chinese society is also under pressure from the
officially recognized minorities such as Uygurs and Tibetans. For
centuries, China has held together a vast multicultural and multiethnic
nation despite alternating periods of political centralization and
fragmentation. But cultural and linguistic cleavages could worsen in a
China weakened by internal strife, inflation, uneven growth, or a
post-Deng struggle for succession."
Correspondence:
East-West Center, Office of Public Programs, 1777 East-West Road,
Honolulu, HI 96848. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
61:20629 Hirst,
John. National pride and multiculturalism. People and
Place, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1994. 1-6 pp. Monash, Australia. In Eng.
The
author traces trends in attitudes toward ethnic assimilation and
multiculturalism in Australia. "'Hard multiculturalism' was promoted
by the left-liberal intelligentsia. It valued separate ethnic cultures
and denigrated mainstream Australia. It is now being supplanted by
'soft multiculturalism' which values tolerance, acceptance and
inclusion, values that have long been central to mainstream
Australia."
Correspondence: J. Hirst, La Trobe University,
Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:20630 McDaniel,
Antonio. The dynamic racial composition of the United
States. Daedalus, Vol. 124, No. 1, Winter 1995. 179-98 pp.
Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
This study examines actual and
projected changes in the racial composition of the U.S. population over
the period 1810-2050. The author notes that "projections show that
over the next sixty years the U.S. population will grow more slowly
than ever before and the racial distribution will change dramatically.
Non-whites and Hispanics are projected to dominate future population
growth." The focus of the study is on how these changes affect race
relations in the United States.
Correspondence: A.
McDaniel, University of Pennsylvania, Population Studies Center, 3718
Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6298. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
61:20631 Min,
Pyong-Gap; Kolodny, Andrew. The middleman minority
characteristics of Korean immigrants in the United States. Korea
Journal of Population and Development, Vol. 23, No. 2, Dec 1994.
179-202 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic of. In Eng.
"This paper examines
the middleman minority characteristics of Korean immigrants in the
United States. Like middleman groups in other societies, Korean
immigrants in the United States are heavily concentrated in small
business. A large proportion of Korean-owned businesses distribute
merchandise to minority customers on behalf of large corporations.
Korean merchants, like other middleman groups, maintain strong ethnic
cohesion, which facilitates their commercial activities....We conclude
that Korean immigrants in the United States exhibit middleman minority
characteristics."
Correspondence: P.-G. Min, City
University of New York, Queens College, Department of Sociology, 65-30
Kissena Boulevard, Flushing, NY 11367. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
61:20632 Owen,
David. Spatial variations in ethnic minority group
populations in Great Britain. Population Trends, No. 78, Winter
1994. 23-33 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"This article is concerned
with contrasts in the geographical distribution of people from the
white and ethnic minority groups within Great Britain. It begins by
describing regional variations in ethnic composition and maps the
distribution of ethnic minority groups at the local authority district
scale. The article then demonstrates that most people from the white
ethnic group live in wards with very small populations from ethnic
minority groups, while people from ethnic minority groups tend to be
found where the share of minorities in the resident population is
relatively high. The focus then switches to the neighbourhood
(enumeration district) scale, at which a very marked degree of spatial
segregation in the distribution of ethnic groups is
revealed."
Correspondence: D. Owen, University of Warwick,
Centre for Research in Ethnic Relations, Coventry CV4 7AL, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20633 Rao, N.
Madhusudana. Ethnogenesis of a "visible minority"--Asian
Indians in the U.S. Population Review, Vol. 38, No. 1-2, Jan-Dec
1994. 46-64 pp. La Jolla, California. In Eng.
"This paper has three
objectives: to examine within a particular spatial context fusion and
fission processes among Asian Indians [in the United States]; to
examine the significance of the deterring elements like language,
religion and regional origins of ethnic Indians; and to develop a
theoretical framework to examine the ethnogenic processes among Asian
Indians in the U.S."
Correspondence: N. M. Rao, Bridgewater
State College, Earth Sciences and Geography, Bridgewater, MA 02325.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20634 Rees, P.;
Phillips, D.; Medway, D. The socioeconomic geography of
ethnic groups in two northern British cities. Environment and
Planning A, Vol. 27, No. 4, Apr 1995. 557-91 pp. London, England. In
Eng.
"For the first time the 1991 British Census has not only
provided data on ethnicity but has also cross-classified ethnic status
by a variety of socioeconomic indicators. This paper is an exploration
of the patterns revealed by these new data." The focus is on a
comparative analysis of six ethnic groups living in the northern cities
of Bradford and Leeds with regard to 30 demographic, household,
employment, education, social class, and housing and consumption
indicators. A picture of the relative situation of advantage and
disadvantage among the ethnic groups considered is
revealed.
Correspondence: P. Rees, University of Leeds,
School of Geography, Leeds LS2 9JT, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (UES).
61:20635 Sanguin,
Andre-Louis. Ethnic minorities in Europe. [Les
minorites ethniques en Europe.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3,
1994. 279-372 pp. Universite des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, UFR
de Geographie: Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
This special issue contains nine articles on ethnic minorities in
Europe. Articles are included on the geographical classification of
ethnic minorities, and on ethnic minorities in Bulgaria, Slovenia,
Austria, Poland, Italy, and Switzerland, as well as on Gypsies in
Europe as a whole.
Correspondence: Universite des Sciences
et Techniques de Lille, UFR de Geographie, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq
Cedex, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20636 Tas, R. F.
J. Non-Dutch nationals in the Netherlands on January 1,
1994. [Niet-Nederlanders op 1 januari 1994.] Maandstatistiek van
de Bevolking, Vol. 42, No. 12, Dec 1994. 9-21 pp. Voorburg,
Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
"On 1 January 1994, 780
thousand non-Dutch nationals lived in the Netherlands, i.e. 5.1% of the
total population. These figures only relate to people in Dutch
municipal population registers who do not possess the Dutch
nationality, thus excluding Dutch citizens born elsewhere." Data are
provided on nationality, population growth, region of residence,
immigration, motivation for migration, asylum seekers, marriage
patterns, and non-Dutch nationals obtaining Dutch
nationality.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20637 Tolts,
Mark. Changes in the composition of the Jewish population
of the USSR: aging and the marriage market. [Shinuyim be-herkev
ha-ukhlusiya ha-yehudit be-Brit ha-Moatsot: hizdaknut ve-shuk
ha-nisuin.] Yahadut Zemanenu/Contemporary Jewry, Vol. 9, 1994. 243-58
pp. Jerusalem, Israel. In Heb; Eng.
"This article investigates the
composition of the Jewish population of the USSR by age and sex as the
consequence, and simultaneously a determinant, of demographic dynamics
in the period after the Second World War." Separate consideration is
given to the aging of the Jewish population and to marriage patterns,
and to their impact on the decrease in the size of this
population.
Correspondence: M. Tolts, Hebrew University of
Jerusalem, Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Division of Jewish
Demography and Statistics, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
61:20638 Zvidrins,
Peteris. Changes of ethnic composition in the Baltic
States. Nationalities Papers, Vol. 22, No. 2, 1994. 365-77 pp.
Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"The aim of this article is to analyze
changes in the ethnic structure in the Baltics. The publication of the
results of the 1989 Census data allows one to analyze the dynamics of
ethnic structure in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania since the 1920s."
The author notes that "as a result of significant changes in all
demographic processes in the 90s, the proportion of the titular
nationalities in all three Baltic States has increased for the first
time, while the proportion of Slavs, particularly of Russians,
decreased."
Correspondence: P. Zvidrins, University of
Latvia, 19 Rainis Boulevard, 1098 Riga, Latvia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
