60:40552 Asselin,
Suzanne; Duchesne, Louis; Gauthier, Herve; Jean, Sylvie; Lachapelle,
Jean; Laroche, Denis; Lavoie, Yolande; Nobert, Yves. Men
and women: a comparison of standards of living. [Les hommes et
les femmes: une comparaison de leurs conditions de vie.] Statistiques
Demographiques, ISBN 2-551-13954-6. 1994. 301 pp. Bureau de la
Statistique du Quebec: Quebec, Canada. In Fre.
This report analyzes
demographic and socioeconomic characteristics of the province of
Quebec, with the focus on differences between men and women. Chapters
are included on age and sex distribution, fertility and nuptiality, the
domestic and family situation, health, education, labor force,
professions, income, demographic changes and the life cycle,
employment, and sharing household chores.
Correspondence:
Bureau de la Statistique du Quebec, 200 chemin Saint-Foy, Quebec,
Quebec G1R 5T4, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:40553 Baranyai,
Istvan. On the number and composition of elderly people,
1960-1990. [Az idoskoruak szamanak es osszetetelnek alakulasa,
1960-1990.] Statisztikai Szemle, Vol. 72, No. 6, Jun 1994. 448-60 pp.
Budapest, Hungary. In Hun. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
"Hungary's
population increased moderately between 1960 and 1980, then it has been
decreasing every year. However, within this the number and proportion
of those over 60 years of age--particularly of females--increased right
along, even after 1980. The study follows up the socio-economic and
demographic characteristics of this population
group...."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40554 Bucher,
Hansjorg. The spatial dimension of aging. [Die
raumliche Dimension der Alterung.] Forum Demographie und Politik, No.
6, Jun 1994. 53-77 pp. Bonn, Germany. In Ger.
Regional differences
in demographic aging in Germany and their causes are examined.
Projections for the period 1991-2010 are then presented, and the
consequences are discussed.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:40555 Cheng,
Chaoze. The challenge of population aging in mainland
China: a demographic accounting. Issues and Studies, Vol. 29, Dec
1993. 69-87 pp. Taipei, Taiwan. In Eng.
Recent trends in
demographic aging in China are reviewed using data from censuses taken
between 1953 and 1990 and the 1987 1-per-100 Population Sampling
Survey. Sections are included on the age composition of the elderly
population, dependency ratios, life expectancy, sex distribution of the
elderly, and regional differences. Particular attention is given to
the policy implications of current and future
trends.
Correspondence: C. Cheng, University of Hong Kong,
Center of Asian Studies, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. Location:
Princeton University Library (Gest).
60:40556 Darnay,
Arsen J. Statistical record of older Americans. ISBN
0-8103-9198-8. 1994. xl, 926 pp. Gale Research: Detroit,
Michigan/London, England. In Eng.
This publication contains a
selection of statistical tables on older Americans; data are drawn from
government, academic, association, technical, trade, and journalistic
sources. Sections are included on demographics; education; families;
income, assets, and spending; pensions and retirement; social security;
labor and employment; housing; health and health care; health
insurance; nursing homes and resident care; culture and lifestyle;
public life; opinions; and criminals and
victims.
Correspondence: Gale Research, 835 Penobscot
Building, Detroit, MI 48226-4094. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40557 De Silva,
W. Indralal. How serious is ageing in Sri Lanka and what
can be done about it? Asia-Pacific Population Journal, Vol. 9, No.
1, Mar 1994. 19-36 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
"The objective of
this article is...to examine the demographic characteristics and
emergence of new challenges of the fast growing elderly population in
Sri Lanka." Results indicate that "the combination of low fertility
and increased survival in Sri Lanka during the last four decades
ensures that there will be large and rapid increases in the elderly
population. Although the traditional family support system for the
elderly still exists, modernization has an adverse impact on the care
and support traditionally provided by families....The study examines
possible socio-economic implications of ageing to enable policy makers
to be prepared for problems that are likely to
emerge."
Correspondence: W. I. De Silva, University of
Colombo, Demographic Training and Research Unit, P.O. Box 1490,
Colombo, Sri Lanka. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:40558 Du,
Peng. A quantitative analysis of the major influencing
factors in the aging of the Chinese population. Chinese Journal of
Population Science, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1994. 59-68 pp. New York, New York.
In Eng.
"In this study, the author conducts a quantitative analysis
of the respective role of fertility rate, mortality rate and population
age structure in the aging process of the Chinese population by the
method of comparative population
prediction."
Correspondence: P. Du, People's University of
China, Institute of Population Science, 39 Haidian Road, Haidian
District, Beijing, China. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:40559 Hopflinger,
Francois; Struckelberger, Astrid. Old age and research on
aging in Switzerland. [Vieillesse et recherche sur la vieillesse
en Suisse.] ISBN 2-88146-055-0. 1992. 245 pp. Realites Sociales:
Lausanne, Switzerland. In Fre.
This study, translated from the
original German, concerns demographic aging in Switzerland. Based on a
review of the published literature, it concentrates on the main
findings of current research and their implications for social policy.
Chapters are included on demographic aging, the socioeconomic position
of the aged, theories on aging, the life cycle and personal development
of the elderly, medical aspects of aging, and policies for helping the
aged.
Correspondence: Realites Sociales, C.P. 1273, 1001
Lausanne, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:40560 Jacquot,
Alain. Migration and uneven aging in the regions of
France. [Les migrations et l'inegal vieillissement des regions
francaises.] Economie et Statistique, No. 273, Mar 1994. 3-16, 78-80
pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Ger; Spa.
Regional
differences in the rate of demographic aging in France are examined.
The author notes that "contrary to popular belief, of the two factors
that contribute to aging, natural trends (births and deaths) still have
the edge over the effect of population migrations across regions. The
only exception to this is in the Paris area, due to the influence of
Paris itself, where youthfulness caused by migrations is on a more or
less equal footing with 'natural' aging. Conversely, migration
contributes the most to the increase in the average age in the western
French regions, with the joint effects of young people leaving and the
over-60s returning."
Correspondence: A. Jacquot, Institut
National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, Division
Statistiques et Etudes Regionales, 18 boulevard Adolphe Pinard, 75675
Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:40561 Kannisto,
Vaino. Development of oldest-old mortality, 1950-1990:
evidence from 28 developed countries. Odense Monographs on
Population Aging, No. 1, ISBN 87-7838-015-4. 1994. 108 pp. Odense
University Press: Odense, Denmark. In Eng.
This is the first in a
planned series of monographs that will analyze data from the Odense
Archive of Population Data on Aging. "These data, which pertain to
death counts and population counts by year of age, year of birth, and
current year over the last four decades or so in some thirty countries,
permit the estimation of death rates after age 80." The author shows
that in developed countries, death rates among octogenarians,
nonagenarians, and even centenarians have improved in an unprecedented
manner since 1950.
Correspondence: Odense University Press,
Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40562 Knodel,
John. Population ageing and fertility: some implications
for Thailand. Comparative Study of the Elderly in Asia, Research
Report, No. 93-25, Sep 1993. 17, [4] pp. University of Michigan,
Population Studies Center: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This paper
begins with an explication of the impact of past and future fertility
trends on the population process of ageing stressing several important
features of the situation that are often overlooked or misunderstood.
It then examines the implications of fertility decline for the familial
system of support focusing on coresidence elderly and their adult
children."
Correspondence: University of Michigan,
Department of Sociology, Population Studies Center, 1225 South
University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40563
Koopman-Boyden, Peggy G. New Zealand's ageing
society: the implications. ISBN 0-908896-19-0. 1993. [iv], 257
pp. Daphne Brasell Associates Press: Wellington, New Zealand. In Eng.
This is a collection of studies by various authors on aspects of
demographic aging and its consequences for New Zealand. The first part
looks at theories of aging, the characteristics of the elderly, and
health and social issues related to aging. The second part considers
policy implications concerning housing, income support, and
institutional care and community services for the elderly. The third
and final part looks at specific subgroups such as women and the Maori
population, and at the political aspects of demographic
aging.
Correspondence: Daphne Brasell Associates Press,
P.O. Box 12-214, Thorndon, Wellington, New Zealand. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40564 Lamur,
Humphrey. Surinamese elderly in the Netherlands:
demographic aspects. [Surinaamse ouderen in Nederland:
demografische aspecten.] In: Ebbehout onder de zeespiegel:
maatschappelijke integratie van Surinaamse ouderen in Nederland, edited
by V. Tjon-A-Ten. 1993. 5-10 pp. Stichting Landelijke Federatie van
Welzijnsorganisaties voor Surinamers: Utrecht, Netherlands. In Dut.
The author reviews the size and characteristics of the Surinamese
population aged 65 or older living in the
Netherlands.
Correspondence: H. E. Lamur, University of
Amsterdam, Anthropological-Sociological Center, Oudezijds Achterburgwal
185, 1012 DK Amsterdam, Netherlands. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40565 Longino,
Charles F. Myths of an aging America. American
Demographics, Vol. 16, No. 8, Aug 1994. 36-42 pp. Ithaca, New York. In
Eng.
The implications of the growing elderly population in the
United States are assessed. The author questions the assumption that
this change will place an overwhelming burden on society. He suggests
that, thanks to better health, changing living arrangements, and
improved devices to assist the elderly, this population will be better
equipped to live independently than their
predecessors.
Correspondence: C. F. Longino, Wake Forest
University, Department of Sociology, Winston-Salem, NC 27109.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40566 Northcott,
Herbert C. Public perceptions of the population aging
"crisis" Canadian Public Policy/Analyse de Politiques, Vol. 20,
No. 1, Mar 1994. 66-77 pp. Guelph, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This study examines the extent to which the general public
anticipates a future crisis regarding Canada's ability to provide
economic support for its aging population and analyses public opinion
regarding policy alternatives designed to either increase revenues or
reduce expenditures for seniors." Data are from a 1989 survey of 443
adults in Edmonton, Alberta. The results suggest that "there is a
widely shared perception that Canada in the future will have difficulty
supporting its elderly population. Furthermore, the public appears to
be willing to accept increased taxation, is divided on the issue of
targeting benefits to lower income seniors, and is opposed to
across-the-board cuts in the levels of benefits paid to
seniors."
Correspondence: H. C. Northcott, University of
Alberta, Department of Sociology, Edmonton T6G 2H4, Alberta, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SF).
60:40567 Noumbissi,
Amadou. Population dynamics and age and sex structure of
the population: the case of Cameroon. [Structures per age et sexe
et dynamique demographique: le cas du Cameroun.] Population, Vol. 49,
No. 3, May-Jun 1994. 751-71 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
"In this paper, a simple method, which is based entirely
on a knowledge of the age structure, is presented to describe the
dynamics of a population and assess the development of its birth and
death rates. The method is based on the relation that exists between a
population's structure and its development, as mapped out by Bennett
and Horiuchi. The method is applied to data from Cameroon, following a
critical evaluation of the age and sex structure of the population
shown in the censuses of April 1976 and March 1987, after a period
during which the death rate fell dramatically, the birth rate
increased, whilst fertility rates during the early 1980s appear to have
been declining."
Correspondence: A. Noumbissi, Universite
Catholique de Louvain, Institut de Demographie, 1 place Montesquieu,
B.P. 17, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40568 Uruguay.
Instituto Nacional de Estadistica [INE] (Montevideo, Uruguay); United
Nations. Centro Latinoamericano de Demografia [CELADE] (Santiago,
Chile). Childhood and adolescence in Uruguay. [Ninez
y adolescencia en el Uruguay.] CELADE Serie OI, No. 95, Pub. Order No.
LC/DEM/R.205. 1994. 59 pp. Montevideo, Uruguay. In Spa. with sum. in
Eng.
A demographic analysis of the population of Uruguay under age
15 is presented using data from the 1985 census and the 1991 round of
the National Household Survey. Chapters are included on the size,
composition, and spatial distribution of this population; future
trends; educational status; health status; household characteristics;
the handicapped; and basic needs.
Correspondence: Instituto
Nacional de Estadistica, C.P. 11.800, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40569 Wachter,
Kenneth W.; Freedman, David A. Measuring local
heterogeneity with 1990 census data. Program in Population
Research Working Paper, No. 37, May 1993. 21 pp. University of
California, Institute of International Studies, Program in Population
Research: Berkeley, California. In Eng.
"We have introduced a
direct measure of heterogeneity...and used it to measure heterogeneity
from local area to local area for four variables related to Census
coverage from the Census Bureau's P-12 sample from the 1990 U.S.
Census. The heterogeneity we have measured is residual heterogeneity
after stratification by age, sex, race and ethnicity, renter-owner
status, place type and broad geographical division of the
country."
Correspondence: University of California,
Institute of International Studies, Program in Population Research,
2232 Piedmont Avenue, Berkeley, CA 94720. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40570 Weil, David
N. Intergenerational transfers, aging, and
uncertainty. NBER Working Paper, No. 4477, Sep 1993. 31, [6] pp.
National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
In Eng.
"Research on intergenerational transmission of wealth has
pointed to uncertainty...as a potential source of significant bequest
flows. In this paper I examine the effects of this same uncertainty on
the behavior of those who expect to receive bequests....I examine the
effect of this uncertainty on the outcome of population aging....I show
that accounting for the effects of uncertainty slows down the reduction
in saving that results from population
aging."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
60:40571 Willekens,
Frans. Children in the third world: a demographic
profile. In: Population and family in the Low Countries 1993:
late fertility and other current issues, edited by Gijs Beets et al.
NIDI/CBGS Publication, No. 30, 1994. 167-208 pp. Swets and Zeitlinger:
Berwyn, Pennsylvania/Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This
contribution presents a demographic profile of children in the Third
World. It describes and discusses changes in the number of children,
their age distribution, chances of survival and living arrangements.
Particular attention is devoted to the factors affecting the life
chances of children, such as education and reproductive behaviour of
the mother, gender bias, parental relationship, and health and social
development programmes. Many findings from censuses and demographic and
health surveys are given. The paper concludes with a discussion of the
child survival issues raised in 1990 by Maurice King and calls for a
comprehensive approach to sustainable human development and
growth."
Correspondence: F. Willekens, University of
Groningen, Population Research Centre, P.O. Box 800, 9700 AV Groningen,
Netherlands. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40572 Zha,
Ruichuan; Qiao, Xiaochun. Preliminary analysis of age
heaping in population of Uygur nationality in Xinjiang Autonomous
Region. Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol. 5, No. 4,
1993. 335-44 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"Since 1982 when China
conducted its third census, the population heaping phenomenon in
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has drawn wide attention and
concern....In August 1992, an investigation on the age heaping of
population of the Uygur nationality in Xinjiang was conducted....This
paper presents a preliminary data analysis from this
investigation."
Correspondence: R. Zha, People's University
of China, Institute of Population Research, 39 Haidian Road, Haidian
District, Beijing, China. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:40573
Chakravarty, Kanta. Age at menarche among the
Rajbanshi women of north Bengal. Journal of the Assam Science
Society, Vol. 36, No. 1, Mar 1994. 49-52 pp. Gauhati, India. In Eng.
Age at menarche among the Rajbanshi of northern Bengal is studied
using data on 167 women collected in 1991. Results show mean age at
menarche to be 14.7 years and declining.
Correspondence: K.
Chakravarty, Institute of Social Change and Development, Gauhati, Assam
781 001, India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40574 Wingard,
Deborah L.; Criqui, Michael H.; Edelstein, Sharon L.; Tucker, Joan;
Tomlinson-Keasey, Carol; Schwartz, Joseph E.; Friedman, Howard
S. Is breast-feeding in infancy associated with adult
longevity? American Journal of Public Health, Vol. 84, No. 9, Sep
1994. 1,458-62 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The relationship
between breast-feeding in infancy and longevity is explored using data
on 1,170 subjects in California who have been followed up for 65 years
or longer. "Overall, the present study does not provide strong
evidence that breast-feeding is associated with adult
longevity."
Correspondence: D. L. Wingard, University of
California, Department of Family and Preventive Medicine 0607, La
Jolla, CA 92093-0607. Location: Princeton University Library
(SZ).
60:40575 Abbott,
Michael G.; Beach, Charles M. Immigrant earnings
differentials and birth-year effects for men in Canada:
post-war-1972. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne
d'Economique, Vol. 26, No. 3, Aug 1993. 505-24 pp. Downsview, Canada.
In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper investigates immigrant
earnings differentials for males in Canada and how these earnings have
changed over time leading up to 1972 with workers' year of birth. The
paper uses the 1973 Job Mobility Survey, which contains a direct
measure of work experience reported independent of age. Thus, using
age as a birth-year index, it is found that cross-sectional earnings
differentials of immigrant men have widened since the later 1960s
relative to those of native-born workers."
Correspondence:
M. G. Abbott, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40576 Banerji,
Rukmini; Mehrotra, Nidhi; Parish, William L. Gender wage
gap in Malaysia and Taiwan. Population Research Center Discussion
Paper Series, No. 93-1, Jun 1993. 23, [34] pp. University of Chicago,
National Opinion Research Center [NORC], Population Research Center:
Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"Using nationally representative samples
of women in Malaysia and Taiwan, we examine the extent to which
[male-female earnings differentials] match those observed in other
countries, and weigh which theoretical perspectives best explain the
observed labor market outcomes. We emphasize micro and macro-level
economic factors, beginning with the supply side and a standard human
capital framework, continuing with demand side factors that influence
how women are drawn into different parts of the labor market, and then
concluding with an examination of the effects of institutional
structure and government policy in both
countries."
Correspondence: University of Chicago, National
Opinion Research Center, Population Research Center, 1155 East 60th
Street, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:40577 Blackburn,
McKinley; Korenman, Sanders. The declining marital-status
earnings differential. Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 7,
No. 3, Jul 1994. 247-70 pp. New York, New York/Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"Earnings differentials between married and unmarried [U.S.] men
have been declining since the late 1960s. We consider two possible
explanations for this decline: changes in the nature of selection into
marriage; and changes in role specialization within marriage. Our
analysis of changes in marriage differentials within cohorts supports
only a small contribution of changes in selection. There is some
evidence that differences in human-capital investment between married
and unmarried men have fallen over time, but this effect has apparently
been largely offset by increases in the return to that human
capital."
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented
at the 1991 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: M. Blackburn, University of South
Carolina, Department of Economics, Columbia, SC 29208.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40578 Bloom,
David E.; Grenier, Gilles; Gunderson, Morley. The changing
labor market position of Canadian immigrants. NBER Working Paper,
No. 4672, Mar 1994. 24, [10] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research
[NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper uses pooled
1971, 1981, and 1986 Canadian census data to evaluate the extent to
which (1) the earnings of Canadian immigrants at the time of
immigration fall short of the earnings of comparable Canadian-born
individuals, and (2) immigrants' earnings grow more rapidly over time
than those of the Canadian-born. Variations in the labor market
assimilation of immigrants according to their gender and country of
origin are also analyzed. The results suggest that recent immigrant
cohorts have had more difficulty being assimilated into the Canadian
labor market than earlier ones, an apparent consequence of recent
changes in Canadian immigration policy, labor market discrimination
against visible minorities, and the prolonged recession of the early
1980s."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
60:40579 Brezis,
Elise S.; Krugman, Paul. Immigration, investment, and real
wages. NBER Working Paper, No. 4563, Dec 1993. 16, [5] pp.
National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts.
In Eng.
"When a country is the recipient of large-scale,
politically motivated immigration--as has been the case for Israel in
recent years--the initial impact is to reduce real wages. Over the
longer term, however, the endogenous response of investment, together
with increasing returns, may well actually increase real earnings. If
immigration itself is not wholly exogenous, but responds to real wages,
there may be multiple equilibria. That is, optimism or pessimism about
the success of the economy at absorbing immigrants may constitute a
self-fulfilling prophecy."
Correspondence: National Bureau
of Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
60:40580 Casper,
Lynne M.; McLanahan, Sara S.; Garfinkel, Irwin. The
gender-poverty gap: what can we learn from other countries.
American Sociological Review, Vol. 59, No. 4, Aug 1994. 594-605 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"We examine gender differences in the
relative poverty of men and women in eight industrialized countries.
The analyses are based on data from the Luxembourg Income Study, which
includes data from the United States, Canada, Australia, the United
Kingdom, West Germany, Sweden, Italy, and the Netherlands. We examine
the importance of the gender-specific demographic compositions of
marriage, parenthood, and employment in accounting for differences in
men's and women's poverty rates, both within and across countries. The
cross-national comparisons suggest that the relative importance of
demographic characteristics differs by country and that factors such as
religion, culture, and government policies also help determine the gap
between women's and men's poverty rates."
Correspondence:
L. M. Casper, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Population Division,
Washington, D.C. 20233-3400. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:40581 Hoynes,
Hilary W.; McFadden, Daniel. The impact of demographics on
housing and non-housing wealth in the United States. NBER Working
Paper, No. 4666, Mar 1994. 28, [25] pp. National Bureau of Economic
Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper
focuses on two questions: (1) Are housing prices forecastable from
current information on demographics and housing prices? and (2) How are
household savings decisions affected by capital gains in housing? We
use [U.S.] metropolitan statistical area (MSA) level data on housing
prices and demographic trends during the 1980s and find mixed evidence
on the forecastability of housing prices. Further, we use data on
five-year savings rates from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and
find no evidence that households engage in changing their non-housing
savings in response to expectations about capital gains in
housing."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
60:40582 Hurd,
Michael D. The effects of demographic trends on
consumption, saving and government expenditures in the U.S. NBER
Working Paper, No. 4601, Dec 1993. 21, [23] pp. National Bureau of
Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This
paper reviews and analyzes forecasts of the Social Security trust
funds, government spending, medical expenditures, and other elements of
aggregate income and spending. According to these forecasts, the aging
of the U.S. population will require some increases in taxes to support
the retirement system. It should reduce the saving rate, and the
composition of output will change....The direct effects of aging are
completely dominated by the projected increases in medical
expenditures."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
60:40583 Jaeger,
David A.; Page, Marianne. Degrees matter: new evidence on
sheepskin effects in the returns to education. Population Studies
Center Research Report, No. 94-307, Apr 1994. 14 pp. University of
Michigan, Population Studies Center: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
The authors use a unique data set, from a matched sample of the
1991 and 1992 Current Population Survey that has information on both
years of education and diplomas received, to examine the impact of
education on future income in the United States. They show that this
approach substantially increases the estimated returns to a bachelor's
degree.
Correspondence: University of Michigan, Population
Studies Center, 1225 South University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1070.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40584 Karoly,
Lynn A.; Klerman, Jacob A. Using regional data to
reexamine the contribution of demographic and sectoral changes to
increasing U.S. wage inequality. RAND Labor and Population Program
Reprint, No. 94-01, Pub. Order No. RP-277. 1994. [33] pp. RAND: Santa
Monica, California. In Eng.
"This paper uses geographical
disaggregation to reevaluate the importance of sectoral and demographic
shifts in explaining recent changes in the U.S. wage distribution.
Using hourly earnings data from the Current Population Survey, we
explore two approaches to assessing the contribution of demographic and
sectoral changes to the increase in inequality in that distribution.
The first approach uses fine disaggregations of the sample of workers
by age and industry to conduct shift-share analyses. The second
approach conducts regression analyses of the trend in inequality of our
panel sample of geographic areas as a function of aggregate measures of
demographic, industry, macroeconomic and international trade
variables."
This chapter is reprinted from the Changing Distribution
of Income in an Open U.S. Economy, edited by J. H. Bergstrand et al.,
pp. 183-216, Amsterdam, Netherlands, Elsevier Science,
1994.
Correspondence: RAND, 1700 Main Street, P.O. Box
2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40585 Lam, David;
Schoeni, Robert. Family ties and labor markets in the
United States and Brazil. Population Studies Center Research
Report, No. 93-283, Jul 1993. 25 pp. University of Michigan, Population
Studies Center: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"Comparable surveys
from Brazil and the United States are used to examine 'vertical' and
'horizontal' economic connections between families. Based on a model of
assortative mating and intergenerational transmission of schooling and
earnings, we estimate the effects of the schooling of a worker's
father, father-in-law, and wife on the worker's
wage."
Correspondence: University of Michigan, Population
Studies Center, 1225 South University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1070.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40586 Massey,
Douglas S.; Parrado, Emilio. Migradollars: the
remittances and savings of Mexican migrants to the U.S.A.
Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 13, No. 1, Mar 1994. 3-30
pp. Hingham, Massachusetts/Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"In this
article, we use new data from 22 communities to estimate the total flow
of dollars back into Mexico as a result of migration to the United
States. Our estimates include remittances sent while working abroad
and money brought back on return trips; they incorporate transfers by
temporary as well as permanent U.S. workers; they include money
transferred by legal as well as illegal migrants; and they include
funds sent or brought by household heads as well as other family
members. We estimate that U.S. $24 million in 'migradollars' flowed
into the sample communities during the survey year. In some places,
the flow of U.S. money equalled or exceeded the value of locally earned
income."
Correspondence: D. S. Massey, University of
Chicago, National Opinion Research Center, 1155 East 60th Street,
Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:40587 Massey,
Douglas S.; Gross, Andrew B.; Shibuya, Kumiko. Migration,
segregation, and the geographic concentration of poverty. American
Sociological Review, Vol. 59, No. 3, Jun 1994. 425-45 pp. Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
"We analyze patterns of African-American mobility and
white mobility in U.S. cities to determine the causes of geographically
concentrated poverty. Using a special tabulation of the Panel Study of
Income Dynamics that appends U.S. Census tract data to individual
records, we analyze the movement of poor and nonpoor people into and
out of five types of neighborhoods: white nonpoor, black nonpoor,
black poor, black very poor, and racially and socioeconomically mixed
neighborhoods. We find little support for the view that the geographic
concentration of black poverty is caused by the out-migration of
nonpoor blacks or that it stems from the net movement of blacks into
poverty. Rather, our results suggest that the geographic concentration
of poor blacks is caused by the residential segregation of
African-Americans in urban housing
markets."
Correspondence: D. S. Massey, University of
Pennsylvania, Population Studies Center, 3718 Locust Walk,
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6298. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:40588 McLaughlin,
Diane K.; Jensen, Leif. Poverty dynamics among U.S.
elders: implications of occupation, gender, and residence.
Population Research Institute Working Paper, No. 94-16, May 1994. 28,
[22] pp. Pennsylvania State University, Population Research Institute:
University Park, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
Data from the Response and
Non-response files of the 1988 Wave of the Panel Study of Income
Dynamics are used to analyze the relatively greater risk of poverty
faced by nonmetropolitan than metropolitan elderly in the United
States.
Correspondence: Pennsylvania State University,
Population Research Institute, 601 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA
16802-6211. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40589 Schieber,
Sylvester J.; Shoven, John B. The consequences of
population aging on private pension fund saving and asset markets.
NBER Working Paper, No. 4665, Mar 1994. 29 pp. National Bureau of
Economic Research [NBER]: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This
paper examines the impact of the aging demographic structure of the
U.S. on its funded private pension system. A 75-year outlook is
produced for the pension system corresponding to the 75-year forecast
of the Social Security system. The primary result is that the pension
system will cease being a source of national saving in the third decade
of the next century. The paper speculates about the impact this may
have on asset prices."
Correspondence: National Bureau of
Economic Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
60:40590 Weiss,
Yoram; Willis, Robert J. Transfers among divorced couples:
evidence and interpretation. Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 11,
No. 4, Oct 1993. 629-79 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
An analysis
of the economic impact of divorce settlements in the United States is
presented using data for a white cohort taken from the National
Longitudinal Study of the High School Class of 1972. "The effects of
spouses' incomes on the divorce transfer are estimated and used to
simulate the welfare effects of divorce on husbands, wives, and
children under alternative assumptions about marriage contracts and the
ability of a couple to continue coordinating resources in the aftermath
of divorce. We find a positive (negative) relationship between divorce
transfers and the growth of husband's (wife's) earnings during
marriage. The estimated expenditure on children in the divorce state
is only half the accustomed level during
marriage."
Correspondence: Y. Weiss, Tel Aviv University,
Ramat-Aviv, 69 978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Location: Princeton
University Library (IR).
60:40591 Zweimuller,
J.; Winter-Ebmer, R. Gender wage differentials in private
and public sector jobs. Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 7,
No. 3, Jul 1994. 271-85 pp. New York, New York/Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"In this study gender wage differentials in private and public
sector jobs in Austria are calculated. Occupational attainment is
considered as endogenous by the use of an ordered response model.
Results show that wage discrimination is also present in the public
sector, though on a lower level. Both in private firms and for public
servants a substantial part of this unwarranted differential is due to
unequal professional advancement."
Correspondence: J.
Zweimuller, University of Linz, Department of Economics, 4040 Linz,
Austria. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40592 Butcher,
Kristin F.; Case, Anne. The effect of sibling sex
composition on women's education and earnings. Quarterly Journal
of Economics, Vol. 109, No. 3, Aug 1994. 531-63 pp. Cambridge,
Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper documents the impact of siblings
on the education of men and women born in the United States between
1920 and 1965. We examine the effect of the number and sex composition
of a boy or girl's siblings on that child's educational attainment. We
find that throughout the century women's educational choices have been
systematically affected by the sex composition of her siblings, and
that men's choices have not. Women raised only with brothers have
received on average significantly more education than women raised with
any sisters, controlling for household size." The implications of
these findings for women's potential income are considered. Data are
from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, the National Longitudinal
Survey of Women, and the Current Population
Survey.
Correspondence: K. F. Butcher, Virginia Polytechnic
Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
60:40593 Knodel,
John. Parental views on gender and schooling: qualitative
evidence from rural Thailand. Population Studies Center Research
Report, No. 93-292, Sep 1993. 18, [1] pp. University of Michigan,
Population Studies Center: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"The
present study provides an analysis of qualitative data on the attitudes
and opinions of rural parents [in Thailand] about educating sons and
daughters past the primary level. The focus is on issues related to
the sex of their children." The data are from a series of focus group
discussions held in 1991 and 1992.
Correspondence:
University of Michigan, Population Studies Center, 1225 South
University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1070. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40594 Kominski,
Robert; Adams, Andrea. Educational attainment in the
United States: March 1993 and 1992. Current Population Reports,
Series P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 476, May 1994. xvii, 101,
[12] pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This
report contains data on the educational attainment of persons in the
United States from the Current Population Surveys (CPS) conducted by
the Bureau of the Census in March 1992 and 1993. Summary data on
educational attainment by age, sex, race and Hispanic origin are shown
for 1992 and 1993...."
Correspondence: U.S. Government
Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40595 Manzoor,
Khaleda. An attempt to measure female status in Pakistan
and its impact on reproductive behaviour. Pakistan Development
Review, Vol. 32, No. 4, Pt. 2, Winter 1993. 917-30 pp. Islamabad,
Pakistan. In Eng.
"The present study is an attempt to measure
female status with the Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey data
(1991) and study the impact of female status on fertility, desired
family size, contraceptive use and attitudes of females and their
spouses." A comment is included by Naushin Mahmood (pp.
928-30).
Correspondence: K. Manzoor, National Institute of
Population Studies, House No. 8, Street 70, F-8/3, P.O. Box 2197,
Islamabad, Pakistan. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:40596 Potter, D.
E. B.; Cunningham, Peter J. An evaluation of a method used
to impute residence data. Journal of Economic and Social
Measurement, Vol. 20, No. 3, 1994. 263-83 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands.
In Eng.
"Data from the 1987 [U.S.] National Medical Expenditure
Survey, Institutional Population Component were used to characterize
partial and complete respondents with respect to outcome measures based
on event history data....The results indicated that after controlling
for sample type...,persons who spent any time in a nursing or personal
care home during 1987 and for whom incomplete residence data were
collected were significantly different from their counterparts with
complete data. Most importantly, persons with incomplete data were more
likely to move from place to place, and to have more stays in NHs
[nursing homes] during 1987....The results further provided some
evidence that a minimum distance function imputation technique could be
used to impute residence data for multiple events to persons missing
some event history data, and that in some circumstances the imputation
reduced the nonresponse bias of survey estimates....The paper also
provides a brief description of the methodology used to construct and
impute the event history profiles of missing residence
data."
Correspondence: D. E. B. Potter, Agency of Health
Care Policy and Research, 2101 East Jefferson Street, Suite 500,
Rockville, MD 20852. Location: Princeton University Library
(SF).
60:40597 Sathar,
Zeba A. The processes by which female education affects
fertility and child survival. In: International Population
Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993,
Volume 4. 1993. 229-40 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study
of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
The author briefly
reviews research on the relationship between female education,
fertility, and child survival. "The aim of this [conference] session
was to move away from the numerous studies which establish the
importance of female education as a correlate or determinant of
fertility behaviour or child survival and to step further towards
seeking explanations for why female education is associated strongly
and significantly with both the demographic processes of fertility and
mortality. In brief, the aim...was to invite research which would
provide insights into the mechanisms by which the relatively low
position of women is posited to be a major reason for continuing high
levels of fertility and child mortality in many developing
societies."
Correspondence: Z. A. Sathar, Pakistan
Institute of Development Economics, P.O. Box 1091, Islamabad 44000,
Pakistan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40598 Terrie, E.
Walter; Nam, Charles B. 1990 and 1980 Nam-Powers-Terrie
Occupational Status Scores. Center for the Study of Population
Working Paper, No. WPS 94-118, [1994]. 8, [14] pp. Florida State
University, College of Social Sciences, Center for the Study of
Population: Tallahassee, Florida. In Eng.
"This paper contains
newly calculated Occupational Status Scores for 505 occupations
classified in the 1990 U.S. Census. These scores are calculated using
the same procedures as those used by Nam and Powers since 1950. The
procedure is described. Due to the very high comparability between the
1980 and 1990 occupational classification systems, scores for both
decades are presented....A computer disk containing these scores as
well as scores for 1950 through 1970 and sample programs for their use
is available from the authors."
Correspondence: Florida
State University, Center for the Study of Population, Tallahassee, FL
32306-4063. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40599 Visaria,
Leela. Female autonomy and fertility behaviour: an
exploration of Gujarat data. In: International Population
Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993,
Volume 4. 1993. 263-75 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study
of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"This exploratory
analysis has two objectives. First, it seeks to evolve quantifiable
categories to measure women's autonomy [in Gujarat, India,] in terms of
their (a) access to and control over cash or money, (b) perception of
freedom enjoyed to perform certain tasks in the affinal family and (c)
contact with the natal kin. Secondly, it attempts to assess the
relationship between the first two measures of female autonomy and
fertility and contraceptive use."
Correspondence: L.
Visaria, Gujarat Institute of Development Research, Near Gota Char
Rasta, Gota, Ahmedabad 382 481, India. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40600 Altamirano,
Teofilo. Toward a Latin Americanization of North American
culture? [Hacia una Latinoamericanizacion de la cultura
norteamericana?] Revista Peruana de Poblacion, No. 2, 1993. 87-112 pp.
Lima, Peru. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"The author analyses [U.S.
census data,] which demonstrate that [the] Latin American population is
growing very fast. The research shows interesting contributions of the
Latin American culture to different aspects of the American life style
like music, movies, food and language."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40601 Hui,
Zhixin. Characteristics of minority population
distribution and development in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol. 5, No. 4, 1993. 297-302 pp.
New York, New York. In Eng.
"This paper attempts to offer a general
introduction and analysis of the characteristics of minority population
distribution and development [in China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous
Region] based on the region's manually collected and 10% pre-selected
sample data of the fourth census."
Correspondence: Z. Hui,
Census Office, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40602 Lesthaeghe,
R.; Surkyn, J. Heteropraxis and heterogeneity in social
change: Turkish and Moroccan women in Belgium. IPD Working Paper,
No. 1994-1, 1994. 18, [13] pp. Vrije Universiteit Brussel,
Interuniversity Programme in Demography: Brussels, Belgium. In Eng.
"The main purpose of the article is to document the
intergenerational changes occurring among the two most important
Islamic communities in Flanders and Brussels [Belgium]." Attention is
directed to family formation, including nuptiality, fertility, and
contraception; changes in sex preference and the utility of children;
gender relations and women's status; and
religiosity.
Correspondence: Vrije Universiteit Brussel,
Centrum voor Sociologie, Interuniversity Programme in Demography,
Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:40603
Meillassoux, Claude. How do the Inuit
survive? [Comment se sont perpetues les Inuit?] In: Population,
reproduction, societes: perspectives et enjeux de demographie sociale,
edited by Dennis D. Cordell et al. 1993. 19-45 pp. Montreal, Canada. In
Fre.
This is a general study, based on secondary sources, of the
demographic survival of Arctic populations of Eskimo and Inuit.
Factors considered include mortality, infanticide, and
reproduction.
Correspondence: C. Meillassoux, Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique, 15 quai Anatole France, 75700
Paris, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40604 Montgomery,
Patricia A. The Hispanic population in the United States:
March 1993. Current Population Reports, Series P-20: Population
Characteristics, No. 475, May 1994. iii, 23, [23] pp. U.S. Bureau of
the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report presents a
profile of the Hispanic origin population in the United States based on
data collected in the March 1993 Current Population Survey
(CPS)....[It] shows the characteristics of the total United States
population, the Hispanic population and its subgroups, and the
non-Hispanic and non-Hispanic White populations....[It] includes one
text table, four tables with detailed data for 1993, and two time
series tables showing selected social and economic characteristics
dating back to the March 1983 CPS. The social and economic
characteristics presented in the tables include age, sex, marital
status, educational attainment, occupation, employment status, family
and household composition, income, and poverty
status."
Correspondence: U.S. Government Printing Office,
Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40605 Poston,
Dudley L.; Mao, Michael X.; Yu, Mei-Yu. The global
distribution of the overseas Chinese around 1990. Population and
Development Review, Vol. 20, No. 3, Sep 1994. 631-45, 694, 696 pp. New
York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
The authors examine
patterns of Chinese emigration, with a focus on "such questions as:
How many overseas Chinese are there today? How are they distributed
among the world's regions? What have been their patterns of population
change in the past decade? What characteristics of the host countries
are related to the magnitude of the overseas Chinese
population?...Generally, the overseas Chinese tend to live in countries
with large populations; and among the overseas Chinese living in Asia,
their number in a country is inversely related to the distance of the
country from Guangzhou (Canton)."
Correspondence: D. L.
Poston, Texas A & M University, Department of Sociology, College
Station, TX 77843. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:40606
Psacharopoulos, George; Patrinos, Harry A.
Indigenous people and poverty in Latin America: an empirical
analysis. World Bank Regional and Sectoral Studies, ISBN
0-8213-2958-8. LC 94-26584. 1994. xxiii, 232 pp. World Bank:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This is an analysis of poverty among the
indigenous people of Latin America. Introductory chapters examine the
costs of ethnicity around the world, the problems of enumerating
indigenous people, and methods and data. Chapters then focus on
country-specific issues in urban Bolivia, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru.
"This report documents that equalization of income-generating
characteristics would boost the productivity of the indigenous
population in their market and nonmarket activities and lead to a
considerable reduction in inequality and poverty. This suggests that
the socioeconomic condition of indigenous people can be improved since
policy-influenced variables such as education are largely responsible
for differences in observed earnings."
Correspondence:
World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20433.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40607 Saha, S.
S. Genetic demography and anthropometry of Muria
tribe. ISBN 81-7099-301-6. 1993. x, 169 pp. Mittal Publications:
New Delhi, India. In Eng.
This is a demographic study of the Muria
tribe of Bastar, Madhya Pradesh, India, based on a data sample of some
5,000 individuals. Topics covered include population structure,
fertility, mortality, migration, marriage patterns, and anthropometric
characteristics.
Correspondence: Mittal Publications, A-110
Mohan Garden, New Delhi 110 059, India. Location: New York
Public Library, New York, NY.
60:40608 Watkins,
Susan C. After Ellis Island: newcomers and natives in the
1910 census. ISBN 0-87154-910-7. LC 93-191610. 1994. xviii, 451
pp. Russell Sage Foundation: New York, New York. In Eng.
This is a
selection of studies by various authors on the foreign-born population
of the United States. Data are from the 1910 census. Following an
introduction by the editor, chapters are included on child mortality
differences by ethnic group; ethnic differences in fertility; family
and household structure; residential segregation; race and ethnicity,
social class, and schooling; and occupational differences by country of
origin. The work concludes with a review of these studies and of their
implications for future research, an introduction to the Public Use
Sample of the 1910 census and a tabular presentation of immigrant
characteristics by ethnic group.
Correspondence: Russell
Sage Foundation, 112 East 64th Street, New York, NY 10021.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:40609 Weiner,
Michael. Race and migration in Imperial Japan.
Sheffield Centre for Japanese Studies/Routledge Series, ISBN
0-415-06228-4. LC 93-24007. 1994. x, 278 pp. Routledge: New York, New
York/London, England. In Eng.
"In large part this study is an
analysis of racial discourse in Japan, its production and reproduction
over the past one hundred years, and an attempt to deconstruct the
assumptions which underpin the myth of a Japanese race....The
second...theme developed in this study is the colonial project in
Korea, the maturation of a Korean community in prewar Japan, and the
later mobilisation of Korean labour during the Pacific War....The final
theme addressed in this study is that of colonial migration, its causes
and consequences. But, rather than merely identifying the causes or
'push factors', facilitating migration, the analysis will focus upon
the more dynamic or 'pull factors', which determined immigrant
destinations....Rather than confining the analysis to racial or class
determinants, this study focuses upon the complex interplay of both in
determining the function and status of Koreans in prewar Japanese
society."
Correspondence: Routledge, 11 New Fetter Lane,
London EC4P 4EE, England. Location: New York Public Library,
New York, NY.
60:40610 Wrench,
John; Solomos, John. Racism and migration in Western
Europe. ISBN 0-85496-332-4. 1993. x, 293 pp. Berg: Providence,
Rhode Island/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"In contemporary European
societies the question of racism, linked to the politicisation of
migration, is a major issue in social and political debate.
Developments in a number of European societies have highlighted the
volatility of this phenomenon and the ease with which racist and
extreme-right political movements can mobilise around the question of
immigration and opposition to cultural pluralism. The situation in
countries as divergent as Britain, France, Germany, the Netherlands and
various Scandinavian societies shows evidence of mounting racism and
hostility to migrants. This volume provides a critical overview of the
processes that have led to the present situation and explores some of
the options for the future."
Correspondence: Berg
Publishers, 221 Waterman Street, Providence, RI 02906.
Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.
