60:30042 Champion,
A. G. International migration and demographic change in
the developed world. Urban Studies, Vol. 31, No. 4-5, May 1994.
653-77 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"This is the second in a
two-yearly series of papers which examines key aspects of urban and
regional demographic change in the developed world....This paper draws
on the wealth of recent studies....The first section outlines the
problems faced in the study of international migration....The second
section identifies the principal developments which have taken place
over the last 20 years, highlighting the increasing volume of
international movement, the trends in the types and geographical
patterns of migration, and the contextual changes which lie behind
these shifts. The third section examines the demographic impact of
these movements in terms of both direct and indirect effects on
population size, composition, and distribution."
For the first
paper, published in 1992, see 59:20030.
Correspondence: A.
G. Champion, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Department of
Geography, Daysh Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
60:30043 Conning,
Arthur. The use of geographical information systems (GIS)
in demography. In: International Population Conference/Congres
International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 3. 1993. 169-74
pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]:
Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
The author describes the use of GIS
(Geographical Information Systems) software in the study of demography.
It is noted that the most salient feature of this technology is its
usefulness for analyzing spatial
distribution.
Correspondence: A. Conning, UN Centro
Latinoamericano de Demografia, Edificio Naciones Unidas, Avenida Dag
Hammarskjold, Casilla 91, Santiago, Chile. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:30044 Heyer, E.;
Poulard, S. Spatial distribution and spatial concentration
of descendants of Saguenay founders (19th and 20th century). In:
International Population Conference/Congres International de la
Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 3. 1993. 191-201 pp. International
Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium.
In Eng.
"The object of this paper is an attempt to answer two
questions raised from the spatial distribution of the Saguenean
population [of Quebec]: first, can the tracking of the geographical
distribution of the founders' descendants over the period covering the
19th and 20th century reveal a spatial structure of the population? and
secondly, if it is so, what are the consequences on the gene pool of
this population?...Entire family biographies have been reconstructed
from 660,000 baptism, marriage and death certificates covering the
period 1842-1971....A geographical information system (GIS) has been
used to map, at various points in time, the geographical distribution
of selected founders' descendants, thus illustrating the different
migratory behaviours of these lineages."
Correspondence: E.
Heyer, Universite du Quebec, Centre Interuniversitaire des Recherches
sur les Populations, 555 Boulevard de l'Universite, Chicoutimi, Quebec
G7H 2B1, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:30045 Rakowski,
Witold. The effective growth of the population as a factor
of regional social and economic activity and living conditions.
[Przyrost rzeczywisty ludnosci jako czynnik aktywnosci
spoleczno-gospodarczej regionow i warunkow zycia ludnosci.] Biuletyn
IGS, Vol. 36, No. 1-2, 1993. 67-84 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with
sum. in Eng; Rus.
"The author analyses changes in location of the
Polish population in the years 1989-1991. From the analysis it
appears...that the role of the Warszawa, Lodz, Wroclaw, Krakow and
Legnica voivodeships in the process of population concentration is
decreasing, and...the role of Western, Northern and South-Eastern
regions [is increasing]....It is difficult to say how much [current
changes are] due to economic transformations and how much to the crisis
in local economies."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:30046 Berry,
Brian J. L. Africa's urban future: from nation-states to
a system of regions. In: Urbanization in Africa: a handbook,
edited by James D. Tarver. 1994. 439-61 pp. Greenwood Press: Westport,
Connecticut. In Eng.
The author attempts to describe
characteristics of African urban development that will affect future
urbanization. He suggests that regional factors may begin to take
precedence over national conditions in their influence on urbanization,
and that informal factors reflecting the decisions and actions of
individuals and families may outweigh government policies in shaping
African urban trends.
Correspondence: B. J. L. Berry,
University of Texas, Bruton Center for Development Studies, Box 830688,
Richardson, TX 75083-0688. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:30047 Bose,
Ashish. Towards sustainable urbanization: metropolitan
growth, urbanization and their implications. Asian Population
Studies Series, No. 124, Nov 1993. 29-35 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
The author discusses metropolitan growth and its consequences in
the ESCAP region. Aspects considered include strategies for containing
metropolitan growth; formulating a methodology to target cities for
development of infrastructure; the cost-effectiveness of large cities
and small towns; metropolitan management; and female migration to urban
areas.
Correspondence: A. Bose, Institute of Economic
Growth, Population Research Centre, Delhi University Enclave, Delhi 110
007, India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:30048 Choguill,
C. L. Crisis, chaos, crunch? Planning for urban growth in
the developing world. Urban Studies, Vol. 31, No. 6, Jun 1994.
935-45 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"Urban development within the
developing world was, until just over a decade ago, seen primarily as
the responsibility of government. A shift has taken place from the
traditional approach of centralised, top-down decision-making to one in
which government's role involves the creation of an environment which
enables urban residents to solve many of their own problems....This
paper focuses on four issues which form a part of these new
developments. In particular, it examines the necessary response of
governmental authorities to such change in policy terms....These
necessary shifts seem particularly relevant in the areas of shelter,
urban services, employment generation and planning legislation and
standards."
Correspondence: C. L. Choguill, University of
Sheffield, Department of Town and Regional Planning, Sheffield S10 2TN,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
60:30049
Christopher, A. J. Segregation levels in the
late-apartheid city 1985-1991. Tijdschrift voor Economische en
Sociale Geografie/Journal of Economic and Social Geography, Vol. 85,
No. 1, 1994. 15-24 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"In the
course of the 1980s a number of changes took place in the organization
of South African cities, leading to the concept of 'modernizing'
apartheid. Relaxation of laws and the publicized responses to racial
integration in a few localities encouraged the concept of a breakdown
of residential barriers. However, an examination of the 1991 census
suggests not only that segregation levels are remarkably high, but also
that they rose in the period between 1985 and 1991. The White
population in particular remains highly segregated from the remainder.
There is nevertheless a number of significant regional differences,
indicating that urban restructuring was not uniform. The
late-apartheid city thus appears little changed from its
predecessor."
Correspondence: A. J. Christopher, University
of Port Elizabeth, Department of Geography, P.O. Box 1600, Port
Elizabeth 6000, South Africa. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:30050
Christopher, A. J. Urbanization and national
capitals in Africa. In: Urbanization in Africa: a handbook,
edited by James D. Tarver. 1994. 408-22 pp. Greenwood Press: Westport,
Connecticut. In Eng.
The author examines the role of capital cities
in the urbanization process in Africa, including changes in their
distribution and their consequences. The study covers both the
colonial era and subsequent adjustments. The author concludes that
even after more than 30 years of independence, the capital cities tend
to reflect the styles and locational preferences of the colonial
powers.
Correspondence: A. J. Christopher, University of
Port Elizabeth, Department of Geography, Port Elizabeth 6000, Cape
Province, South Africa. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:30051 Collin,
Jean-Pierre; Mongeau, Jael. Some demographic aspects of
urban sprawl in Montreal from 1971 to 1991 and the implications for
metropolitan management. [Quelques aspects demographiques de
l'etalement urbain a Montreal de 1971 a 1991 et leurs implications pour
la gestion de l'agglomeration.] Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie, Vol.
21, No. 2, Autumn 1992. 5-30 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
"Urban sprawl over the last two decades has changed the
relationships between the central city and its suburb, as the urban
character of the suburb asserts itself. Data on migrations and
commuting inside Montreal show diminishing contracts between the
suburbanites and the central city, indicating that Montreal...is
experiencing this process of 'urbanization' of its suburb as well.
However, the downtown area keeps a large part of its attractiveness:
it is still visited by many suburbanites who nevertheless live in a
different environment."
Correspondence: J.-P. Collin,
Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, 2635 boulevard
Hochelage, Suite 640, C.P. 7500, Sainte-Foy, Quebec G1V 4C7, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:30052 Dieleman,
Frans M.; Hamnett, Chris. Globalisation, world cities and
the Randstad. Urban Studies, Vol. 31, No. 3, Apr 1994. 357-564 pp.
Carfax Publishing: Abingdon, England. In Eng.
This special issue
contains a selection of papers on the concept of global cities,
prepared at the Netherlands Institute for Advanced Study in the
Humanities and Social Sciences. The papers concern the validity of the
concept that such cities will have a crucial role to play in the
coordination of the global economy. How close the Dutch urbanized
region known as the Randstad comes to meeting the criteria for
consideration as a global city is
considered.
Correspondence: Carfax Publishing, P.O. Box 25,
Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3UE, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
60:30053
Guerin-Pace, France. Two centuries of urban
growth: the population of the French cities from 1831 to 1990.
[Deux siecles de croissance urbaine: la population des villes
francaises de 1831 a 1990.] Collection Villes, ISBN 2-7178-2450-2.
1993. xiii, 205 pp. Anthropos/Economica: Paris, France. In Fre.
Trends in urbanization in France are reviewed over the period
1831-1990. The author notes that although the percentage of the
population residing in urban areas has increased from around 25% to
75%, the urban hierarchy of the country has remained largely the same.
An attempt is made to identify the complex mechanisms which guide the
development of the system of towns and their geographic
location.
Correspondence: Anthropos/Economica, 49 rue
Hericart, 75015 Paris, France. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
60:30054 Isupov, V.
A. The urban population of Siberia: from catastrophe to
rebirth (from the end of 1930 to the end of 1950). [Gorodskoe
naselenie Sibiri: ot katastrofy k vozpozhdeniyu (konets 30-kh--konets
50-kh gg).] ISBN 5-02-029641-4. LC 92-218479. 1991. 288 pp. Nauka
Sibirskoe Otdelenie: Novosibirsk, USSR. In Rus.
The demographic
crises that affected population developments in Siberia over the course
of the Stalinist era, including World War II, are analyzed using
archival data that were previously unavailable. Chapters are included
on urban population size and characteristics, urban mortality, and
urban fertility.
Correspondence: Nauka Sibirskoe Otdelenie,
Ul. Sovetskaya 18, 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia. Location: U.S.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
60:30055 Kouame,
Aka. Urban growth and restructuring of the labor force in
the Ivory Coast. [Croissance urbaine et restructuration du marche
du travail en Cote d'Ivoire.] Canadian Journal of African Studies/Revue
Canadienne des Etudes Africaines, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1992. 396-416 pp.
Toronto, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"With an average annual
population growth rate of 4.1 percent from 1965 to 1985, Ivory Coast is
one of the fastest growing countries in the world. The impact of this
population growth is felt more intensely in the urban areas which are
growing at a rate five times greater than are the rural areas. While
some of this high growth rate can be attributed to natural increase,
the main contribution stems from a rise in immigration. The
corresponding rapid increase of the employment rate in the urban areas
is actually an illusion, which hides a significant
underemployment."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
60:30056
Mieszkowski, Peter; Mills, Edwin S. The causes of
metropolitan suburbanization. Journal of Economic Perspectives,
Vol. 7, No. 3, Summer 1993. 135-47 pp. Nashville, Tennessee. In Eng.
The authors analyze causes and consequences of metropolitan
suburbanization, with a focus on trends in the United States. The
effect of employment, transportation, and travel considerations is
compared with the impact of urban problems such as taxes, public school
quality, crime, and environmental quality.
Correspondence:
P. Mieszkowski, Rice University, Department of Economics and Finance,
P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251. Location: Princeton
University Library (FST).
60:30057 Murphy, P.
A.; Burnley, I. H. Socio-demographic structure of Sydney's
perimetropolitan region. Journal of the Australian Population
Association, Vol. 10, No. 2, Nov 1993. 127-44 pp. Canberra, Australia.
In Eng.
"The paper conceptualizes processes driving change in
perimetropolitan regions then, using Sydney [Australia] as a case
study, analyses population growth rates and internal migration patterns
between 1981 and 1991. Next, a set of social and demographic variables
derived from the 1986 Census is analysed to derive four key dimensions
of socio-spatial structure, namely: disadvantage, rurality,
socio-economic status and retirement."
Correspondence: I.
H. Burnley, University of New South Wales, School of Geography, P.O.
Box 1, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:30058 Pivovarov,
Yu. L. Urbanization in the USSR: macro-regional
differentials, a stage and regional approach, and differences in
settlement patterns. [Urbanizatsiya v SSSR: makroregional'nye
razlichiya, stadial'no-regional'nyi podkhod kontrastnost' rasseleniya.]
Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR: Seriya Geograficheskaya, No. 1, Jan-Feb
1992. 52-63 pp. Moscow, Russia. In Rus.
An analysis of settlement
trends in the former USSR during the 1980s is presented, with a focus
on the European part of the country. A trend toward increasing levels
of urbanization is noted. The author analyzes differences in
population dynamics by major and minor administrative region, using
census data. It is noted that the rate of urbanization has exceeded
the ability to provide necessary services and infrastructure.
Differences in urbanization patterns between major regions are also
analyzed.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
60:30059 Portes,
Alejandro; Lungo, Mario. Urbanization in the
Caribbean. [Urbanizacion en el Caribe.] ISBN 9977-68-032-9. Jun
1992. 349 pp. Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales [FLACSO]:
San Jose, Costa Rica. In Spa.
This is an introduction to the study
of urbanization in the Caribbean, particularly since the oil crisis of
1973-1974. Three separate case studies are included on Port-au-Prince,
Haiti; Kingston, Jamaica; and Santo Domingo, Dominican
Republic.
Correspondence: Facultad Latinoamericana de
Ciencias Sociales, Apartado 5429, 1000 San Jose, Costa Rica.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
60:30060 Safarova,
Gaiane L.; Tchistyakova, Natalia E. Saint-Petersburg at
the turn of the century: trends of demographic development. In:
International Population Conference/Congres International de la
Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 3. 1993. 139-47 pp. International
Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium.
In Eng.
Current demographic trends in St. Petersburg, Russia, are
examined. Problems caused by demographic aging are
discussed.
Correspondence: G. L. Safarova, Institute for
Economics and Mathematics RAS, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:30061 Stern,
David I. Historical path-dependence of the urban
population density gradient. Annals of Regional Science, Vol. 28,
No. 2, 1994. 197-222 pp. Secaucus, New Jersey/Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"Recent research has emphasized path-dependence and the effect of
vintage factors in urban development. Jerusalem and Tel Aviv are cities
where the modern CBD [central business district] is not in its historic
location. Distance from the historic center is taken as a proxy of
housing and infrastructure vintage. A polycentric urban population
density function is used to assess the relative importance of distance
from the CBD and from the historic center in explaining population
density. Additionally, I examine econometrically the validity of a
number of population density functions, and analyze the structure of
the error variance and the design of appropriate measures of goodness
of fit and hypothesis tests for regression models of population
density. The results show that distance from the historical center is
an important factor in explaining population density but its
explanatory power has declined over time. It is more significant than
distance from the CBD in explaining residential density in Tel Aviv and
gross density in Jerusalem. It explains a larger proportion of the
variance in gross density in the inner city than does distance from the
CBD, but vice versa in the suburbs."
Correspondence: D. I.
Stern, University of York, Department of Environmental Economics and
Environmental Management, Heslington, York Y01 1HH, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
60:30062 Tarver,
James D. Urbanization in Africa: a handbook. ISBN
0-313-27760-5. LC 93-11853. 1994. xxxii, 484 pp. Greenwood Press:
Westport, Connecticut. In Eng.
"The objective of this reference
book is to present the different aspects and features of urbanization
in Africa, both historical and contemporary....[It] is organized into
three interrelated parts....Part I provides a historical overview of
urbanization in Africa, beginning with its appearance in ancient Egypt.
Then, the successive urban developments in Carthage, the West African
empires and kingdoms, and in other areas of sustained urban development
are described....The urbanization patterns of 15 highly urbanized
counties, which were either Anglophone, Francophone, or Lusophone
colonies, are presented in Part II....Each of the 15 counties has an
urban agglomeration of at least half a million inhabitants, and each of
the five United Nations regions is represented....[Part III consists of
five] chapters [which] analyze the role of urbanization policy,
rural-urban and international migration, national administrative
centers, and the AIDS pandemic upon urbanization in
Africa."
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent issues
of Population Index.
Correspondence: Greenwood Press, 88
Post Road West, Westport, CT 06881. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:30063 Toucan
Valley Publications (Milpitas, California). The American
tally. Statistics and rankings for 3,165 U.S. cities and towns.
ISBN 0-9634017-8-5. 1993. xiii, 438 pp. Milpitas, California. In Eng.
Selected data are presented in tabular format for 3,165 U.S. cities
and towns with populations over 10,000. They include data on
population characteristics such as race and age, education, language
and immigration, income and employment, and
housing.
Correspondence: Toucan Valley Publications, 142
North Milpitas Boulevard, Suite 260, Milpitas, CA 95035.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
60:30064 Zinyama,
Lovemore. Urban growth in Zimbabwe--the 1992 census.
Geography, Vol. 79, Pt. 2, No. 343, Apr 1994. 176-80 pp. Sheffield,
England. In Eng.
Recent trends in urbanization in Zimbabwe are
analyzed, using provisional data from the 1992
census.
Correspondence: L. Zinyama, University of Zimbabwe,
P.O. Box MP 167, Mount Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
60:30065 Craumer,
Peter R. Agricultural change, labor supply, and rural
out-migration in Soviet Central Asia. In: Geographic perspectives
on Soviet Central Asia, edited by Robert A. Lewis. 1992. 132-80 pp.
Routledge: New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
"The purpose
of this chapter is to examine the changes taking place in [Soviet]
Central Asian agriculture in the postwar period, especially in the
period beginning in the 1960s." The primary focus is on the problem of
surplus labor. "The labor problem will be analyzed in relation to
rural population growth, levels of mechanization, labor productivity
and wages, and prospects for relieving the labor surplus by rural
out-migration. Finally, the changing role of the private agricultural
sector in rural incomes will also be assessed to determine its possible
effect on migration."
Location: Rutgers University Library,
New Brunswick, NJ.
60:30066 Delaunay,
Daniel. Populations in the agrarian environment. An
application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). [Les
populations dans leur environnement agraire. Une application des
Systemes d'Information Geographique.] In: International Population
Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993,
Volume 3. 1993. 175-84 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study
of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Fre.
The author uses GIS
(Geographic Information Systems) methodology to analyze rural spatial
distribution patterns. Data for Mexico are used to illustrate the
method.
Correspondence: D. Delaunay, Institut Francais de
Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation, 213 rue La
Fayette, 75480 Paris Cedex 10, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
60:30067 Ortiz
Martinez, Jorge del C. Population trends in the Inka
region. [Situacion demografica de la Region Inka.] Revista Peruana
de Poblacion, No. 1, 1992. 31-54 pp. Lima, Peru. In Spa. with sum. in
Eng.
Current demographic trends in southeastern Peru are analyzed
using official data. High levels of both fertility and infant
mortality are noted. The results of a survey undertaken in rural areas
are also presented, in which the author uses Bongaarts's model to
analyze intermediate variables affecting fertility in both lowland and
mountain regions.
Correspondence: J. del C. Ortiz Martinez,
Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad, Avenida de la Cultura s/n,
Apartado 367, Cusco, Peru. Location: Brigham Young University
Library, Provo, UT.
