H. Migration

H.1. General Migration

60:20403 Flothmann, E.-Jurgen. Migration and the life course. BMS: Bulletin de Methodologie Sociologique, No. 39, Jun 1993. 45-58 pp. Paris, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The importance of migration as a biographic event within the life course is asserted, using data for the former Federal Republic of Germany. "The migration process can be described by...various factors like the frequency of moves, the age when changing residence, the distance, the direction, [and] the motives....Each change of residence has both a retrospective and prospective aspect. Additionally, changes in other biographic processes like marriage or births of children in the familial career or changes in the occupational career directly influence migration decisions. But there are also effects in the opposite direction: the migration process can influence the further development of other biographic processes. Thus, there exist a very complex structure of strong interdependent relationships between the several biographic careers."
Correspondence: E.-J. Flothmann, Universitat Bielefeld, Institut fur Bevolkerungsforschung und Sozialpolitik, Universitatsstrasse 25, Postfach 8640, 4800 Bielefeld 1, Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20404 Frey, William H. Race, class and poverty polarization across metro areas and states: population shifts and migration dynamics. Population Studies Center Research Report, No. 93-293, Sep 1993. 10, [14] pp. University of Michigan, Population Studies Center: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes [1990] U.S. census findings to identify links between the race-selective redistribution pattern across regions and metropolitan areas--and distribution shifts on two socio-economic measures: poverty status, and education attainment. It will address the following three questions: (1) Are distinct geographic distribution patterns emerging by poverty status and education attainment? (2) How are these linked to recent race and ethnic demographic shifts? [and] (3) What is the role of immigration versus internal migration in accounting for poverty population shifts?"
Correspondence: University of Michigan, Population Studies Center, 1225 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20405 Garonna, Paolo. Improving migration statistics: policy and conceptual issues. Labour, Vol. 6, No. 1, Spring 1992. 141-64 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng.
"The availability and international comparability of migration statistics pose a severe handicap to analysis and policy debate. This paper explores a few of the underlying policy and conceptual issues at stake and identifies some of the institutional factors contributing to the slow and uncertain...progress in this field. Three main issues are discussed: the statistical definitions of migration; the administrative sources of data; and the international initiatives to improve the comparability of statistics."
Correspondence: P. Garonna, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Directorate for Education, Employment, Labour and Social Affairs, 2 rue Andre Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France. Location: Princeton University Library (IR).

60:20406 Glick, Paul C. The impact of geographic mobility on individuals and families. Marriage and Family Review, Vol. 19, No. 1-2, 1993. 31-54 pp. Binghamton, New York. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to contribute understanding about the magnitude of the movement to and within the United States....The paper has been divided into major sections, beginning with the extent of local movement as well as long distance movement to and within the United States, followed by a discussion of the reasons people and families give for moving, some of the consequences of residential movement, the main streams of migration, the special problems created by refugees and undocumented migrants, and the provisions and effects of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control ACT (IRCA), the provisions of the Immigration Act of 1990, and a section on the current immigrant situation. A closing section presents an outlook on how this new legislation is being implemented and on policy issues it has raised...."
This article is also published in the book titled Families on the Move: Migration, Immigration, Emigration, and Mobility, edited by Barbara H. Settles et al., Binghamton, New York, Haworth Press, 1993.
Correspondence: P. C. Glick, Arizona State University, Department of Sociology, Tempe, AZ 85287. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20407 Golan, Elise H. Sustainability and migration: experiments from the Senegalese peanut basin. Annals of Regional Science, Vol. 28, No. 1, 1994. 91-106 pp. Secaucus, New Jersey/Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
The socioeconomic and environmental impact of migration and diversification out of agriculture in developing countries is analyzed using 1987 data concerning two Senegalese villages. The results suggest that although out-migration can result in a substantial increase in income for the village of origin, the social costs of the concomitant increase in single-parent households can also be high. Furthermore, the environmental impact of such changes is not always positive.
Correspondence: E. H. Golan, University of Haifa, Department of Economics, Natural Resources and Environmental Research Center, Haifa 31905, Israel. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

60:20408 Hansen, Kristin A. Geographical mobility: March 1991 to March 1992. Current Population Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 473, Nov 1993. xvii, 166, [15] pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report provides detailed statistics on the geographical mobility of Americans for the period between March 1991 and March 1992. The data were collected in the March 1992 Current Population Survey (CPS). Mobility status is determined by asking respondents if each household member 15 years old and over was living in the same residence (house or apartment) one year earlier; for persons who changed residence, additional questions were asked to identify the U.S. State or foreign country, county and city of residence in March 1991....This report highlights the changes that have occurred in the last year, with reference to other recent years, characteristics of movers by type of move, and differences in moving rates by type of geographic area."
Correspondence: U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20409 King, Russell. The new geography of European migrations. ISBN 1-85293-291-0. LC 93-25980. 1993. xiv, 263 pp. Belhaven Press: London, England; Halsted Press: New York, New York. In Eng.
This is a collection of studies by various authors on the changing patterns of migration in Europe following the collapse of Communism in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The editor notes that "since the collapse of Communism, population migration in Europe has greatly increased both in volume and intensity. The influx of migrants from the former Soviet bloc moving to the West for economic reasons has been enhanced by refugees fleeing disruption and persecution. Southern Europe, once a source of migrants has now become a receiving area. The traditional and stable migration system of post-war Europe is consequently fundamentally transformed and this book is the first major work of scholarship to interpret and quantify the new patterns of migration flows and their impact on both sending and receiving regions....[The contributors] offer a broad analytical treatment of this vital topic that will be of wide interest to anyone concerned with the emerging social structure and human geography of the New Europe."
Correspondence: Belhaven Press, 25 Floral Street, Covent Garden, London WC2E 9DS, England. Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.

60:20410 Kovacsics, Jozsef. Migration in Hungary between 1500 and 1800. [Migrations en Hongrie entre 1500 et 1800.] Review of Historical Demography/Historisch-Demographische Mitteilungen, No. 8, 1993. 9-37 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Fre.
Migration trends in Hungary during the period 1500-1800 are reviewed. Consideration is given to demographic conditions in Hungary; emigration; migrant characteristics; and in-migration, with a focus on social, religious, and economic pressures to migrate to Hungary. Some problems with the data are briefly discussed.
Correspondence: J. Kovacsics, Harszt utca 22, 1118 Budapest, Hungary. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20411 Morozova, G. F. The impact of migration on the formation of the labor market. [Vliyanie migratsii na formirovanie rynka truda.] Sotsiologicheskie Issledovaniya, No. 5, 1993. 12-6 pp. Moscow, Russia. In Rus.
The impact on the labor force of migration among the republics of the former Soviet Union is analyzed. Migration streams identified include the movement of ethnic Russians to Russia and of other nationalities back to their respective republics, refugee movements away from areas of conflict, and migration away from areas of major environmental pollution. The consequences of these trends include increased unemployment in Russia and shortages of skilled labor in other republics. The growth of emigration, particularly of more highly skilled migrants, is also noted.
Correspondence: G. F. Morozova, Institute of Socio-Political Problems, Center of Demography, Moscow, Russia. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20412 Oucho, John O. Towards migration research networking in Eastern-Southern African subregions. International Migration, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1993. 625-45 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This article reports efforts made by a small group of ESA [Eastern-Southern African] scholars to adopt a systematic approach to establishing a regional network--MINESA [Migration Network in Eastern and Southern Africa]. The approach involves three main stages: holding a conference at which symptomatic types of internal and international migration would be discussed; publication of the conference proceedings; and establishment of MINESA as a network of policy-oriented research in the two subregions." The author briefly summarizes papers presented at the 1990 ESA conference held in Nairobi, Kenya.
Correspondence: J. O. Oucho, University of Nairobi, Population Studies and Research Institute, P.O.B. 30197, Nairobi, Kenya. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20413 Segal, Aaron. An atlas of international migration. ISBN 1-873836-30-9. LC 93-19502. 1993. vii, 233 pp. Hans Zell Publishers: London, England. In Eng.
This volume provides information on human migration from the time of man's origins to the 1991 Gulf War in a series of maps with accompanying explanatory text. It is divided into five main sections that are concerned with migration up to 1500; voluntary migration, 1500-1990; involuntary migration, 1500-1900; the world's major diasporas; and contemporary global migration characteristics. The data are from international agencies, official national sources, and other sources.
Correspondence: Hans Zell Publishers, Reed Reference Publishing, Bowker-Saur, 60 Grosvenor Street, London W1X 9DA, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20414 Stein, Eduardo. Migration patterns in Central America seen in the context of economic integration and the need for sustainable development. [Las dinamicas migratorias en el Istmo Centroamericano en la perspectiva de la integracion y el imperativo de la sostenibilidad.] Revista de la OIM sobre Migraciones en America Latina/IOM Latin American Migration Journal, Vol. 11, No. 2, Aug 1993. 5-97 pp. Santiago, Chile. In Spa.
The author describes the interrelationship between migration and economic development in Central America. Consideration is given to theoretical concerns in analyzing these dynamics, population growth and sustainable development, and economic conditions in the region, including standard of living indicators, remittances into the region, the brain drain and its economic effects, and salary variations by country. The primary focus is on intraregional trends, with some attention given to the region's place in the global context.
Correspondence: E. Stein, International Organization for Migration, Panama City, Panama. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20415 Toure, Moriba. Rapid population growth, urbanization, and migration in Africa. [Croissance rapide de la population, urbanisation et migration en Afrique.] African Development Review/Revue Africaine de Developpement, Vol. 4, No. 2, Dec 1992. 236-72 pp. Abidjan, Ivory Coast. In Fre.
The relationships among rapid population growth, migration, and urbanization in Africa are explored using information available in previously published studies. Consideration is given to differences among the continent's four major regions, and to the policies being developed to tackle problems caused by population growth.
Correspondence: M. Toure, Council for the Development of Economic and Social Research in Africa, Dakar, Senegal. Location: Cornell University, NYSSILR Extension, New York, NY.

60:20416 Vishnevskii, Anatolii; Zaionchkovskaya, Zhanna. Waves of migration: a new situation. [Volny migratsii: novaya situatsiya.] Svobodnaya Mysl', No. 12, 1992. 4-16 pp. Moscow, Russia. In Rus.
Current migration trends in Russia are described. Three main trends are identified, which are the out-migration of the non-Russian population, out-migration from overpopulated areas, and immigration of Russians from other parts of the former Soviet Union.
Correspondence: A. Vishnevskii, 8-2 Soumskoi Prozed, Apt. 63, Moscow 113208, Russia. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20417 Voets, Saskia. The concept of choice and relocation behaviour. PDOD Paper, No. 25, Feb 1994. 36 pp. Universiteit van Amsterdam, Postdoctorale Onderzoekersopleiding Demografie [PDOD]: Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper aims at reviewing the literature on choice theories with special focus on relocation behaviour (i.e. a change of a dwelling and/or dwelling location). The main purpose is to discuss a number of elementary notions that enter the process of choice. Similarly, the aim is to discuss the literature that addresses questions of how relocation decisions are made rather than those which concern questions of what influences relocation decisions."
Correspondence: S. Voets, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, P.O. Box 11650, 2502 AR The Hague, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20418 Warnes, Anthony M. The development of retirement migration in Great Britain. Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1993. 451-64 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"Migration around the age of retirement is an expression of the opportunities a society gives to its retired people and to the housing and life-style aspirations held by the older population. This article discusses the proposition that two phases of old age have developed among the affluent populations of western Europe. First, a period of relative affluence and good health among young elderly people, and secondly, a later period of poorer health, lower income and increased dependency. The optimum locations for the two stages are described, and the effect of migrations among elderly people [on redistribution of] the two age groups among urban and rural areas is discussed." The primary geographical focus is on the United Kingdom.
Correspondence: A. M. Warnes, University of London, King's College, Cornwall House, Waterloo Road, London SE1 8TX, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

H.2. International Migration

60:20419 Bade, Klaus J. Immigration and social peace in united Germany. Daedalus, Vol. 123, No. 1, Winter 1994. 85-106 pp. Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
The author explores social problems in united Germany, particularly the increased violence against foreigners. Aspects considered include possible motivations for xenophobia and extremism, attempts to solve the problems, and the need to develop appropriate policies to deal with issues concerning immigration, integration, and minorities.
Correspondence: K. J. Bade, University of Osnabruck, Institute for Migration Research and Intercultural Studies, 4500 Osnabruck, Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20420 Birindelli, Anna M.; Bonifazi, Corrado. Impact of migration in the receiving countries: Italy. ISBN 92-9068-037-7. 1993. 103 pp. International Organization for Migration [IOM]: Geneva, Switzerland; Committee for International Cooperation in National Research in Demography [CICRED]: Paris, France. In Eng.
This is one in a series of monographs prepared as part of a research project cosponsored by CICRED and IOM on the impact of international migration on receiving countries. This report, which concerns Italy, contains a number of contributions by different authors that examine the demographic, social and cultural, economic, and political impacts of immigration.
Correspondence: International Organization for Migration, 17 route des Morillons, Case Postale 71, 1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20421 Briggs, Vernon M. Immigration policy: a tool of labor economics? Immigration and the U.S. labor market: public policy gone awry. Public Policy Brief, No. 7, 1993. 39 pp. Bard College, Jerome Levy Economics Institute: Annandale-on-Hudson, New York. In Eng.
An assessment of the economic impact of current U.S. immigration policy is presented. It focuses on the marginal socioeconomic costs and benefits of current immigration trends. The author maintains that recent large-scale immigration has serious negative labor market implications, in that most current immigrants lack the human capital attributes that are already in short supply in the domestic labor market. He suggests that current U.S. migration policy acts against U.S. interests because it does not encourage the highly skilled and discourage the unskilled immigrant. The policies are particularly disadvantageous to the low-wage, low-skilled resident labor force, which consists of a disproportionate number of minorities, with whom immigrants compete for jobs. The need to redesign immigration policy to meet the country's economic needs is stressed.
Correspondence: Bard College, Jerome Levy Economic Institute, P.O. Box 5000, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 12504-5000. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.

60:20422 Calmont, Andre. Is the Haitian community in French Guiana being assimilated? [Les Haitiens en Guyane: une communaute en voie d'integration?] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1993. 427-34 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The author evaluates the assimilation success of Haitian migrants to French Guiana. It is noted that "this sizeable migration which was spontaneous and illicit, now plays a basic [economic] role....For the last few years a process of assimilation seems to have started in connection with the three following parameters: the decrease of the migratory flow from 1984 onwards, the stabilization of the Haitian community and the evolution of the Guianese situation as well."
Correspondence: A. Calmont, Universite des Antilles et de la Guyane, UFR Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Campus de Schoelcher, B.P. 7207, 97275 Schoelcher Cedex, Martinique. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20423 Carmichael, Gordon A. A history of population movement between New Zealand and Australia. International Migration, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1993. 513-60 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"Migration between New Zealand and Australia has assumed considerable significance for both countries during the past 25 years. Commencing in the late 1960s, three major waves of net immigration from New Zealand have seen Australia's New Zealand-born population increase from 52,000 at the 1966 Census to 212,000 at the 1986 Census....This paper aims to set these contemporary trends in historical context. So strong has been the tide flowing towards Australia that it is easy to imagine, erroneously, that it always flowed that way." Movements since the early 1800s are examined. Aspects considered include major periods of net migration, gender balance, short-term and permanent movement, and size and composition of immigrant groups. The impact of changes in migration policies over time is analyzed.
The author's name is incorrectly listed as George A. Carmichael on this article.
Correspondence: G. A. Carmichael, Australian National University, Research School of Social Sciences, Division of Demography and Sociology, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20424 Castles, Stephen; Miller, Mark J. The age of migration: international population movements in the modern world. ISBN 0-333-53491-3. 1993. x, 307 pp. Macmillan: Basingstoke, England. In Eng.
This is an analysis of global migration trends in the 1990s. The author notes that "migration is a central issue in international relations, and one of the most important questions of domestic politics in many countries. [The study] provides a global perspective, showing the nature of the movements and why they take place. It goes on to analyse the effects on countries as different as Britain and the U.S.A., Australia and Germany, Canada and France. The book shows why migration almost always leads to formation of ethnic minorities, and how growing ethnic diversity is affecting economies, cultures and political institutions." The political impact of immigration on recipient countries is also analyzed, including the rise of extreme-right parties and the immigrant response.
Correspondence: Macmillan Press, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS, England. Location: New York Public Library, New York, NY.

60:20425 Chang, Parris. Brain drain in East Asia. Studies in Comparative International Development, Vol. 27, No. 1, Spring 1992. 3-60 pp. New Brunswick, New Jersey. In Eng.
This issue contains a selection of three articles on aspects of the brain drain in East Asia. Particular attention is given to return migration of highly qualified manpower to South Korea and Taiwan.
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20426 Chang, Shirley L. Causes of brain drain and solutions: the Taiwan experience. Studies in Comparative International Development, Vol. 27, No. 1, Spring 1992. 27-43 pp. New Brunswick, New Jersey. In Eng.
"This article examines brain drain, its origin in Taiwan, and government response. One of the major findings of this study is that the elite emigration in Taiwan has been caused by a host of complex academic, social, economic, and personal factors....Taiwan's brain drain into the United States is primarily...an outflow of college graduates, not an exodus of trained scientists and engineers; therefore, Taiwan's manpower loss in the short run is not as serious as the case where mature and experienced scientists and professionals leave....To reverse Taiwan's brain drain, the government of the Republic of China (ROC) has already implemented an ambitious program to recruit Taiwan's highly trained talents from overseas."
Correspondence: S. L. Chang, Lock Haven University, Stevenson Library, Department of Library Services, Lock Haven, PA 17745. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20427 Chiswick, Barry R. Immigration, language, and ethnicity: Canada and the United States. ISBN 0-8447-3761-5. LC 92-12204. 1992. xix, 489 pp. AEI Press: Washington, D.C. Distributed by University Press of America, 4720 Boston Way, Lanham, MD 20706. In Eng.
"This volume is a comparative analysis of immigration and language issues, including experiences and policies, of the United States and Canada." It consists of nine papers, which are divided into four parts. Part 1 examines the history of immigration and the relevant policies in the two countries. Part 2 looks at the characteristics of immigrants and their earnings, and Part 3 discusses the economics of the language issue. The concluding Part 4 reviews the issues of language, women, and minorities.
Correspondence: AEI Press, 1150 17th Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20036. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20428 Corti, Paola. Societies without men and the integration of women abroad: migration and female roles. The case of Italy. [Societes sans hommes et integration des femmes a l'etranger: mouvements migratoires et roles feminins. Le cas de l'Italie.] Revue Europeenne des Migrations Internationales, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1993. 113-28 pp. Poitiers, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa; Ita.
"The role of women during the 'grande emigrazione' from Italy at the end of the century needs to be studied from two different angles. First it is necessary to identify what was preserved and what evolved in the societies that were left behind after the departure of the menfolk....Second, it is necessary to describe the role played by the women who emigrated abroad, and therefore to look at the conditions they met with in the foreign countries where they arrived alone, or as wives, daughters and mothers. These two aspects of the relationship between gender and migration are dealt with in this article, which reflects the current debate in Italy on the subject."
Correspondence: P. Corti, Universita degli Studi di Torino, Departement d'Histoire, Via Carlo Giordana 1, 10128 Turin, Italy. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20429 de Beer, J.; Sprangers, A. H. Forecast of international migration, 1993-2010. [Migratieprognose 1993-2010.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 42, No. 1, Jan 1994. 17-28 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
International migration to the Netherlands since 1983 is examined, using official data from 1992 and 1993. Tables provide information on country of origin, family reunification in the Netherlands, and projections to the year 2010. The focus is on probable future trends in immigration.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20430 Diaz-Briquets, Sergio. Western hemisphere South-North migration in the 1990s: the perspective from the South. In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 2. 1993. 33-46 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to offer some observations regarding the probable future course of South-North migration in the Western Hemisphere during the remaining years of this century....The objective of the exercise is...to reflect on the likely impact that anticipated political and economic trends in the sending countries could have in future migratory flows. Consideration is also given to the dual role of Mexico, both as a major source of emigrants and increasingly as a destination country for Latin American, but mostly Central American, emigrants."
Correspondence: S. Diaz-Briquets, 7125 Park Terrace Drive, Arlington, VA 22307. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20431 Eberl, Immo. The Germans from Hungary in the German Federal Republic. Impacts of the banishment on policy, the economy, and culture. [Die Deutschen aus Ungarn in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Auswirkungen der Vertreibung in Politik, Wirtschaft und Kultur.] Review of Historical Demography/Historisch-Demographische Mitteilungen, No. 8, 1993. 38-69 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Ger.
The ethnic composition of the population of the former German Federal Republic is analyzed, with a focus on the numbers of Germans who emigrated from Hungary after World War II. Consideration is given to political factors behind the migration of ethnic Germans, and the effects of this migration on politics, economy, and social life in the Federal Republic of Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20432 Egorova, G. Some problems of ethnic migration from Moscow. [Nekotorye problemy etnicheskoi migratsii iz Moskvy.] Vestnik Statistiki, No. 10, 1992. 42-6 pp. Moscow, Russia. In Rus.
The author analyzes emigration from Moscow by Russian Jews using official data for the period 1989-1991 including the 1989 census. Reasons for emigration include low standards of living, unemployment, and economic and political instability. Consideration is given to the prospects for future emigration, both of Jews and other ethnic groups, and the author predicts an increase in the levels of such migration.
Correspondence: G. Egorova, Moscow State University, Department of Economics, Demography Section, Moscow 119 899, Russia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20433 Espenshade, Thomas J.; Calhoun, Charles A. An analysis of public opinion toward undocumented immigration. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 12, No. 3, 1993. 189-224 pp. Hingham, Massachusetts/Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper tests five hypotheses about attitudes toward illegal immigration and undocumented migrants using public opinion data from southern California. Only weak support is found for a labor market competition hypothesis. There is firmer evidence for hypotheses relating to cultural affinity between respondents and undocumented migrants and to the role of education. Respondents' evaluations of tangible costs and benefits to themselves also influence their assessments of illegal immigration. Finally, the results of this analysis provide additional support for a symbolic politics model of opinion formation when the model is extended to the issue of undocumented migration to the United States."
Correspondence: T. J. Espenshade, Princeton University, Office of Population Research, 21 Prospect Avenue, Princeton, NJ 08544-2091. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20434 Goza, Franklin. Brazilian immigration to North America. International Migration Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, Spring 1994. 136-52 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article is a comparative study of Brazilian immigration to Canada and the United States. Analysis of recently collected data in Toronto, Ontario and in a medium-size U.S. community facilitated the examination of the adaptation and adjustment experiences of a new group of immigrants to North America. This article begins with a discussion of the origins of this recent immigrant group and its rapid expansion. Next, it focuses on the labor force activities of Brazilian immigrants and compares and contrasts their experiences in the United States and Canada. A final section examines social adaptation in North America by exploring linguistic and cultural dimensions. This article closes with a section on the future aspirations of these immigrants."
Correspondence: F. Goza, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH 43403. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20435 Guillon, Michelle. Immigration: the strengthening of Parisian polarization, 1975-1990. [Immigration: le renforcement de la polarisation parisienne, 1975-1990.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1993. 371-8 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
International migration to Paris and the Ile-de-France (Greater Paris) region is discussed using data for the period since 1975. The author notes that "in 1990, 38% of foreigners living in France dwell in Ile-de-France. Since 1975, it has been the sole region to have registered a greater proportion of immigrants."
Correspondence: M. Guillon, Universite de Poitiers, MIGRINTER-CNRS, 95 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20436 Hanks, Daniel E.; Liprie, Mary L. South African migration and the effects on the family. Marriage and Family Review, Vol. 19, No. 1-2, 1993. 175-92 pp. Binghamton, New York. In Eng.
The authors explore the effects of labor migration on families from Botswana, Lesotho, and Swaziland to the Republic of South Africa. The focus is on how these families have adjusted socioeconomically to the prolonged absence of at least one member, usually the male head, of the household.
This article is also published in the book titled Families on the Move: Migration, Immigration, Emigration, and Mobility, edited by Barbara H. Settles et al., Binghamton, New York, Haworth Press, 1993.
Correspondence: D. E. Hanks, Cornell Cooperative Extension Service, Riverhead, NY 11901. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20437 Icduygu, Ahmet. Temporariness versus permanence: changing nature of the Turkish immigrant settlements in Australia and Sweden. In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 2. 1993. 71-84 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"The major aims of this paper are threefold: to examine to what extent the Turkish immigrant settlements in Australia and Sweden are now temporary or have gradually become more long-term, or even permanent in recent years; to study the changes in the settlement intention of migrants over time and to investigate the mechanisms and implications of that change through the responses of the samples of Turkish immigrants in Melbourne, Australia and of those in Stockholm, Sweden; and to indicate the similarities and differences in the changing settlement intention and experiences of the Turkish immigrants in the two countries."
Correspondence: A. Icduygu, Bilkent University, Department of Political Science and Public Administration, 06533 Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20438 Jones, Maldwyn A. American immigration. Chicago History of American Civilization, 2nd ed. ISBN 0-226-40634-2. LC 91-29805. 1992. xi, 353 pp. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, Illinois/London, England. In Eng.
This revised edition chronicles immigration to the United States since 1607, with a focus on migrants' impact on American culture, politics, and economic growth. A new chapter, largely devoted to immigration from the third world over the period 1960-1990, is included, as is an updated bibliography.
For the first edition, published in 1960, see 27:2029.
Correspondence: University of Chicago Press, 5801 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20439 Karayalcin, Cem. Temporary and permanent migration with and without an immobile factor. Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 43, No. 2, Apr 1994. 197-215 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper develops two two-country overlapping-generations models--one with and one without an immobile factor--to study temporary and permanent migration. Temporary migration is shown to be equivalent to international lending and borrowing. One strong result found in the literature that if natives of each country are homogenous permanent migration leads to the migration of the entire population of the [sending] country in the long run is overturned. Welfare effects of migration are analyzed."
Correspondence: C. Karayalcin, Florida International University, Department of Economics, Miami, FL 33199. Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).

60:20440 Kono, Shigemi. International migration in Japan: a demographic sketch. Regional Development Dialogue, Vol. 12, No. 3, Autumn 1991. 37-52 pp. Nagoya, Japan. In Eng.
A review of international migration trends affecting Japan is presented, focusing on the period since World War II. The author notes that there is currently a national labor shortage, particularly of unskilled labor. This creates an economic demand for immigration, although the Japanese generally believe their country is too densely populated, and are opposed to increased immigration. An attempt is made to forecast future trends in the foreign population of the country. Comments are included by Shigemochi Hirashima (pp. 49-50) and Young-bum Park (pp. 51-2).
Correspondence: S. Kono, Reitaku University, Faculty of International Economics, 2-1-1 Hikarigaoka, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba-ken 277, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20441 Labaki, Boutros. The Lebanese emigration in Sub-Saharan western Africa. [L'emigration libanaise en Afrique occidentale sud-saharienne.] Revue Europeenne des Migrations Internationales, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1993. 91-112 pp. Poitiers, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
The author examines the history of Lebanese migration to western Africa. Aspects considered include changes in countries of origin and destination, Africanization policies, wars in Lebanon, independence movements, economic status of migrants, temporary and return migration, and the brain drain.
Correspondence: B. Labaki, Conseil du Developpement et de Reconstruction du Liban, I.M.S. No. 35, P.O.B. 895, Larnaca, Cyprus. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20442 Lebon, Andre. Immigration and the presence of foreigners in France: a year's developments, 1992-1993. [Immigration et presence etrangere en France: le bilan d'une annee, 1992-1993.] ISBN 2-11-087984-X. Nov 1993. 141 pp. Ministere des Affaires Sociales, de la Sante et de la Ville, Direction de la Population et des Migrations: Paris, France. Distributed by La Documentation Francaise, 29-31 quai Voltaire, 75334 Paris Cedex 07, France. In Fre.
This annual report presents information on immigration in France in 1992-1993. The first chapter examines total immigration flows, distinguishing between permanent and temporary migration and whether migrants come from other member countries of the European Community or not. The second chapter analyzes the characteristics of the resident foreign population and their economic participation. The third chapter reviews migration legislation and the changes that occurred in the adoption or enforcement of such laws. An extensive appendix provides statistical data on immigration.
Correspondence: Ministere des Affaires Sociales, de la Sante et de la Ville, Direction de la Population et des Migrations, 8 avenue de Segur, 75350 Paris 07 SP, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20443 Lim, Lin Lean. South-North migration: the recent Asian experience. In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 2. 1993. 15-32 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"This paper argues that dynamic processes [in Asia] in the last decade have accentuated internal imbalances in both sending and receiving countries and that the structural adjustments to deal with the internal and external imbalances have involved increasing regionalisation of labour markets....The first section of the paper describes Asian migration trends and patterns in the last decade. The next section relates these trends and patterns to the dynamic processes linking Asian countries in growing systems of exchanges and interdependencies. By examining the underlying forces, the paper also provides an indication of the likely migration pressures in the future."
Correspondence: L. L. Lim, International Labour Organisation, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, UN Building, Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, G.P.O. Box 1759, Bangkok 10501, Thailand. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20444 Martinez Pizarro, Jorge. Intraregional migration of skilled manpower. CEPAL Review, No. 50, Aug 1993. 127-46 pp. Santiago, Chile. In Eng.
This is an analysis of the migration of skilled manpower among the countries of Latin America. "The author reviews its causes, possible implications, the characteristics of these flows of skilled migrants, and the relationship between what is to be observed in some countries and the official attitude adopted by their Governments. This examination suggests that the emigration of skilled human resources, regardless of their destination, is invariably a loss for developing countries owing to [migrants] high social value and economic cost."
Location: Princeton University Library (UN).

60:20445 Massey, Douglas S.; Basem, Lawrence C. Determinants of savings, remittances, and spending patterns among U.S. migrants in four Mexican communities. Sociological Inquiry, Vol. 62, No. 2, Spring 1992. 185-207 pp. Austin, Texas. In Eng.
New methods of analyzing the impact of migration on regions of origin are explored using data collected in 1982-1983 from four communities in the Mexican states of Michoacan and Jalisco. "Representative samples of Mexican migrants from four sending communities are used to estimate a theoretical model that controls for a variety of individual, family, and trip characteristics; other stages of the analysis also control for sample selectivity. The findings suggest that migrant decision-making is strongly and consistently determined by social capital and community membership, with other variables playing ancillary roles in different decision processes. The propensities to save, remit, and invest productively generally rose as ties to the United States increased, and were generally higher in communities with well-developed local economies."
Correspondence: D. S. Massey, University of Chicago, Department of Sociology, Population Research Center, 1155 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637-2799. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20446 Melendez, Edwin. Puerto Rican migration and occupational selectivity, 1982-1988. International Migration Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, Spring 1994. 49-67 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This study examines whether or not the likelihood of Puerto Rican workers choosing to migrate to the United States depends on their occupations or skills. The study determined that the occupational composition among those migrating from the island to the United States generally corresponds to the occupational distribution in Puerto Rico. The exception is that, after controlling for labor market conditions in Puerto Rico and in the United States and for other characteristics of the migrants, farm workers, laborers, and craft and kindred workers are overrepresented in the flow of migrants. The two most important factors contributing to the occupational distribution of migrants are whether or not they already have job offers in the United States and whether they are currently employed in Puerto Rico."
Correspondence: E. Melendez, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20447 Michalowski, Margaret. The elderly and international migration in Canada: 1971-1986. Genus, Vol. 49, No. 1-2, Jan-Jun 1993. 121-45 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng. with sum. in Ita.
"This paper addresses issues of elderly immigrants in Canada within two areas: their characteristics as immigrants and their contribution to the social phenomenon of the aging of the Canadian population. The patterns of net immigration of persons aged 60 years and over are identified according to sex, age and place of origin of immigrants....Emigration of this group is studied separately. The results of the analysis demonstrate that the elderly immigrant population displays migration patterns significantly different from that of the total immigrant population. Older immigrants participate even more extensively than their younger counterparts in the process of remigration or return migration. As a consequence, an increase of the proportion of older immigrants...does not necessarily accelerate the aging of the Canadian population."
Correspondence: M. Michalowski, Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20448 Mitchell, Christopher. Western Hemisphere immigration and United States foreign policy. ISBN 0-271-00789-3. LC 91-9929. 1992. xii, 314 pp. Pennsylvania State University Press: University Park, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
This is a collection of seven papers by various authors on aspects of migration from elsewhere in the Americas to the United States and U.S. policy reactions to that migration. The studies are primarily concerned with the links between migration and the relations among states, and the basic aim is "to examine the role that United States foreign policy may have played, since 1960, in shaping U.S. immigration policy toward Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Mexico, El Salvador, and Nicaragua." The studies conclude that, with the exception of Mexico, U.S. foreign policy priorities strongly influenced U.S. policies on migration from those countries.
Correspondence: Pennsylvania State University Press, Barbara Building, Suite C, University Park, PA 16802. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20449 Monto, Alexander. The roots of Mexican labor migration. ISBN 0-275-94630-4. LC 93-25058. 1994. xviii, 251 pp. Praeger: Westport, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This study deals with the circulatory migration between a Mexican town with a high migration rate and one of its four main receiving towns in the United States. The structuring of the migratory flow between the two towns is taken as the general anthropological problem, and this circulatory flow also is viewed as a case in point demonstrating the main features of the larger flow between Mexico and the United States." The data are primarily from fieldwork carried out in 1987 and 1988. The author argues that "the historical processes that gave rise to the periphery-core relationship of Mexico to the United States, and to circulatory labor migration between the two nations, show no signs of being reversed."
Correspondence: Praeger Publishers, 88 Post Road West, P.O. Box 5007, Westport, CT 06881. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20450 Morita, Kiriro; Sassen, Saskia. The new illegal immigration in Japan, 1980-1992. International Migration Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, Spring 1994. 153-63 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article presents some of the latest available figures on illegal immigration in Japan, a process that did not assume significant proportions until the mid-1980s. It also discusses briefly the latest developments around 'immigration' policy--more precisely, the law on the entry and exit of aliens."
Correspondence: S. Sassen, Columbia University, Morningside Heights, New York, NY 10027. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20451 Nugent, Walter. Crossings: the great transatlantic migrations, 1870-1914. ISBN 0-253-34140-X. LC 92-7156. 1992. xvi, 234 pp. Indiana University Press: Bloomington, Indiana. In Eng.
"The primary purpose of this book is to pull together in one place the main contours of population change in the Atlantic region during the 1870-1914 period. That region, for present purposes, includes Europe, North America, South America, and to a slight degree Africa. All of the societies of the region experienced natural demographic growth, that is, more births than deaths, but at widely varying rates. They also experienced change through migration, some as donors of people, others as receivers, and a few as both." Part I examines the Atlantic region and its population dynamics. Part II concerns the European donors to transatlantic migration flows, broken down by country. Part III covers the major receiving nations. Emphasis is given to return migration flows throughout.
Correspondence: Indiana University Press, Tenth and Morton Streets, Bloomington, IN 47405. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20452 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD] (Paris, France). Trends in international migration. Continuous Reporting System on Migration. Annual report, 1993. 1994. 225 pp. Paris, France. In Eng.
This is the twentieth annual report of SOPEMI, the OECD's continuous reporting system on migration. The report is in four parts. "Part I describes overall trends in international migration, emphasising the diversification of migratory flows and channels and the role of immigrants on the labour market at a time of economic restructuring. Policies for controlling migratory flows and the various aspects of policies for integrating immigrants into the society of host countries are analysed in detail....[It] concludes with a brief look at migration in Asia and an overview of migratory movements and policies in Japan. Part II contains country-by-country reports outlining recent developments in the specific migratory movements and policies of each country studied. Part III, which covers migratory movements in Central and Eastern Europe, includes an introduction summarising the issues and discussing the outlook for migration in the region. Part IV presents the results of a study carried out by the Secretariat of the OECD on the macro-economic impact of migration."
Correspondence: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Publications Service, 2 rue Andre Pascal, 75775 Paris Cedex 16, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20453 Pitlikova, Jana. Emigration from the Soviet Union during its last years. Part 2. [Emigrace ze Sovetskeho Svazu v poslednich letech. II cast.] Demografie, Vol. 35, No. 4, 1993. 263-70 pp. Prague, Czech Republic. In Cze. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The author "deals with the emigration of the citizens of the previous Soviet Union to the Federal Republic of Germany, the United States of America and to some other countries. It contains the data on numbers of ethnic Germans [who] emigrated to the Federal Republic of Germany during the years 1968-1981, on emigrants coming to the United States, by country of birth and on those receiving the status of permanent [residence] in the United States during 1961-1989." Future migration trends are estimated, and the impact of political changes and economic development is considered.
For Part 1, also published in 1993, see 60:10475.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20454 Poinard, Michel. Lessons from Portuguese immigration in France. [Bilan et lecons de l'immigration portugaise en France.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1993. 389-98 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
Patterns in migration from Portugal to France from the 1960s to 1990 are described, and the acculturation experience of the Portuguese community in France is discussed.
Correspondence: M. Poinard, Universite de Toulouse-Le Mirail, UFR de Geographie, 5 allee A. Machado, 31058 Toulouse Cedex, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20455 Pugliese, Enrico. The new international migrations and the changes in the labour market. Labour, Vol. 6, No. 1, Spring 1992. 165-79 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng.
"The article intends to point out some of the main changes that are taking place in the structure of the labour market in Europe and the role played by the recent waves of immigration from Third World countries. The main features of these new migratory flows are that they involve a much larger number of states, both as sending and as receiving countries. Secondly the majority of the migrant workers tend to hold secondary labour market jobs or to work in the informal sector. These two aspects make today's international migrations very different from the intraeuropean migratory waves that concerned a much lower number of countries and were directed towards industrial areas."
Correspondence: E. Pugliese, Universita di Napoli, Department of Sociology, Corso Umberto I, 80138 Naples, Italy. Location: Princeton University Library (IR).

60:20456 Rosenbaum, Margaret; Hornsey, Dawn. International migration 1991. Population Trends, No. 70, Winter 1992. 28-34 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"In 1991, an estimated 267 thousand people migrated to the United Kingdom from outside the British Isles, while 239 thousand left the country....This article gives details of these latest international migration statistics and relates them to previous years."
Correspondence: M. Rosenbaum, Office of Population Censuses and Surveys, Population Statistics Division, St. Catherine's House, 10 Kingsway, London WC2B 6JP, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20457 Sabagh, Georges. Los Angeles, a world of new immigrants: an image of things to come? In: Migration policies in Europe and the United States, edited by G. Luciani. 1993. 97-126 pp. Kluwer Academic: Hingham, Massachusetts/Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"In the popular image, Los Angeles is a diverse city of immigrants which foreshadows the future of metropolitan regions in the United States. The main objective of this paper is to assess the accuracy of this image. This assessment is based on an analysis of trends in ethnic and national diversity and of their impact on socio-cultural, socio-demographic, and economic changes in Los Angeles....It has been argued that immigrants from Latin America and Asia were attracted by the restructuring of the Los Angeles economy and, in turn, reinforced this restructuring....Another argument is that immigrants who come with little financial or human capital are attracted by the low-skill and low-wage sector of the Los Angeles economy and contribute to its growth....A brief description will be presented regarding the 1980-1990 population growth of the Los Angeles metropolitan region as compared to other major metropolitan regions of the United States."
Correspondence: G. Sabagh, University of California, Gustav E. von Grunebaum Center for Near Eastern Studies, Los Angeles, CA 90024. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20458 Salt, John. External international migration. In: The changing population of Europe, edited by Daniel Noin and Robert Woods. 1993. 185-97 pp. Blackwell: Cambridge, Massachusetts/Oxford, England. In Eng.
The author discusses changes in international migratory movements in Europe, with a focus on differences between the periods 1950-1970 and 1970-1989. Aspects considered include problems of data quality and comparability, the size of the foreign population in the labor force, causes of increased labor migration, refugees and asylum seekers, changes in areas of origin and destination, and policy issues.
Correspondence: J. Salt, University of London, University College, Department of Geography, London WC1E 7HU, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20459 Simon, Gildas. Internal migration and mobility. In: The changing population of Europe, edited by Daniel Noin and Robert Woods. 1993. 170-84 pp. Blackwell: Cambridge, Massachusetts/Oxford, England. In Eng.
The author investigates migratory movements among European Community countries, with a focus on reasons for the decline in mobility since the early 1970s. "The general falling-off of mobility in the EC is directly linked to demographic trends and the changing nature of the European economy. But there are, in addition, particular factors relating to the heterogeneity of economic, political and social experience within Europe."
Correspondence: G. Simon, Universite de Poitiers, Departement de Geographie, 95 avenue du Recteur-Pineau, 86022 Poitiers Cedex, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20460 Simon, Patrick. Immigration areas: entry points or areas of settlement? The case of Belleville. [Les quartiers d'immigration: "ports de premiere entre" ou espaces de sedentarisation? L'exemple de Belleville.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1993. 379-87 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"Immigrant community structures have been mainly associated with the early phase of immigrant settlement. According to this model, such structures disappear in the course of the 'acculturation' process. In this article, we argue that these structures exist during a different phase in immigrant settlement and that they are a response to needs that extend beyond the phase of pure 'adaptation' to the host society. We attempt to support this argument through the analysis of residential stability of foreign immigrants [in Paris], used as an indicator of a settling process."
Correspondence: P. Simon, Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20461 Spaan, Ernst. Taikongs and Calos: the role of middlemen and brokers in Javanese international migration. International Migration Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, Spring 1994. 93-113 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article discusses international migration from Java in the past and present and the role brokers have played in stimulating this movement. It describes legal and clandestine labor migration to Singapore, Malaysia, and Saudi Arabia, the influence of employment brokers on the process, and the organization of the recruitment networks. The involvement of brokers is crucial but not always beneficial for the migrants. Migrants are dependent on the brokers and risk exploitation. In the case of movement to Saudi Arabia, there is a linkage with religious institutions and the Islamic pilgrimage."
Correspondence: E. Spaan, Leiden University, Stationsweg 46, P.O.B. 9500, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20462 Teitelbaum, Michael S. International migration: from backwaters to high politics. Population and Environment, Vol. 15, No. 3, Jan 1994. 167-71 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The author provides an overview of the articles in this issue of Population and Environment. The focus is on the demographic, economic, political, and social issues surrounding recent and future international migration movements.
Correspondence: M. S. Teitelbaum, Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, 630 Fifth Avenue, Suite 2550, New York, NY 10111-0242. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20463 Todisco, Enrico; Maffioletti, Gianmario; Tramontana, Francesco. Bibliography on skilled migration. Studi Emigrazione/Etudes Migrations, Vol. 30, No. 112, Dec 1993. 573-690 pp. Centro Studi Emigrazione: Rome, Italy. In Eng.
This is an unannotated bibliography of 853 publications concerning the brain drain. Most of the items cited were published after 1985 and are in English, although items in other Western European languages are included. Subject and geographical and author indexes are included, and key words are provided for each citation.
Correspondence: E. Todisco, Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Via Nomentana 41, Rome 00161, Italy. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20464 Waldinger, Roger. The ethnic enclave debate: a critical review. [Le debat sur l'enclave ethnique: revue critique.] Revue Europeenne des Migrations Internationales, Vol. 9, No. 2, 1993. 15-29 pp. Poitiers, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"With the renewal of mass immigration to the United States, large numbers of immigrants have gone into business for themselves. Research on the Cuban immigrant economy of Miami, Florida found that employment in the 'ethnic enclave' increases immigrant earnings and improves immigrants' chances of moving into self-employment. This article reviews the American debate that ensued over the 'ethnic enclave' and its causes."
Correspondence: R. Waldinger, University of California, Department of Sociology, 405 Hilgard Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20465 Zlotnik, Hania. Comparing migration to Japan, the European Community and the United States. Population and Environment, Vol. 15, No. 3, Jan 1994. 173-87 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The author compares the recent migration experiences of the European Community, Japan, and the United States. Difficulties involved in such a comparison are discussed, with a focus on policy differences, economic conditions, labor considerations, data availability, and treatment of asylum seekers.
Correspondence: H. Zlotnik, UN Population Division, 2 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20466 Zlotnik, Hania. South-to-North migration since 1960: the view from the South. In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 2. 1993. 3-14 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"This paper will focus on South-to-North migration flows from the perspective of the main regions of origin, namely, (1) Sub-Saharan Africa, (2) Northern Africa and Western Asia, (3) Southern Asia, (4) Eastern and South-eastern Asia, and (5) Latin America and the Caribbean....Estimates of the number of emigrants originating in each of those regions have been obtained from the immigration statistics of the main receiving countries of the developed world...."
Correspondence: H. Zlotnik, UN Population Division, United Nations, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

H.3. Internal Migration

60:20467 Ahmed, Ather M.; Sirageldin, Ismail. Socio-economic determinants of labour mobility in Pakistan. Pakistan Development Review, Vol. 32, No. 2, Summer 1993. 139-57 pp. Islamabad, Pakistan. In Eng.
"With the availability of Population, Labour Force, and Migration (PLM) Survey data, this paper attempts to develop a model of internal [labor] migration in Pakistan....Keeping in line with the literature, three types of variables have been identified as the possible determinants of migration. These variables relate to the possession of human capital, commitment to job and place of residence, and cost-related factors. After controlling for other variables, it was observed that, in general, migrants were selective especially in terms of age, education, and choice of occupation. These findings are consistent with the evidence from other developing countries."
Correspondence: A. M. Ahmed, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, P.O. Box 1091, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20468 Aubry, Bernard. A contribution to studies on permanent migration. [Contribution a l'etude des migrations definitives.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1993. 215-20 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"Selected information on persons who were in Alsace [France] at the time of one or more of the last five population censuses has been grouped in one file. Information on migratory movements is considerably improved as all noted population movements are included in the file and are linked with the principal characteristics of the persons concerned." The data are analyzed using the SAPHIR model (Systeme d'Analyse de la Population par l'Historique de Recensements).
Correspondence: B. Aubry, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques--Alsace, Cite Administrative, rue de l'Hopital Militaire, 67084 Strasbourg Cedex, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20469 Bartiaux, Francoise; Bonaguidi, Alberto. Retirement migration of the Milanese. [Les migrations de retraite des Milanais.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1993. 515-22 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"This paper studies for 1981 the retirement migrations from the metropolitan area of Milan [Italy]. We have used both census data (household sample) and register data (all migrations in 1981). The findings show that retirement migrations do exist in the metropolitan area of Milan, although they are rather rare. Men migrate a little more often than do women, couples more than families living with (adult) children. The probability of migrating also varies according to residence (more in the town centre than in the suburbs), and this is mainly due to extra-metropolitan migration."
Correspondence: F. Bartiaux, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Departement de Demographie, 1 place Montesquieu, B.P. 17, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20470 Chapman, Murray. Population movement: free or constrained? Reprints of the Program on Population, No. 283, 1992. [23] pp. East-West Center, Program on Population [POP]: Honolulu, Hawaii. In Eng.
The author discusses population movement in the Solomon Islands, using data from the 1986 census. Issues considered include urban migration, problems resulting from population movement, the effects of unemployment, possible threats to cultural practices and traditions, and the feasibility of controlling movements within the country.
This is reprinted from Independence, Dependence, Interdependence, edited by Ron Crocombe and Esau Tuza, pp. 75-97, Honiara, Solomon Islands, University of the South Pacific, Solomon Islands Centre, 1992.
Correspondence: East-West Center, Program on Population, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20471 Cribier, Francoise; Kyche, Alexandre. Retirement migration of city dwellers in France. [Les migrations de retraite des citadins en France.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1993. 489-501 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The authors compare the propensity to migrate among Parisian and provincial retirees in France, with a focus on social class and location in the city. They examine reasons for the differences between the two groups, current trends, and the extent of both seasonal and retirement migration.
Correspondence: F. Cribier, Universite de Paris VII, Equipe de Geographie Sociale et Gerontologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 191 rue Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20472 Desplanques, Guy. Intercensal migration during 1982-1990. [Les migrations intercensitaires de 1982 a 1990.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1993. 197-204 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
Regional migration data for France for the intercensal period 1982-1990 are analyzed and compared, with some data for 1975 also used in the examination. It is noted that during the intercensal period, one out of eleven residents moved at least once.
Correspondence: G. Desplanques, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, 18 boulevard Adolphe Pinard, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20473 Ford, Reuben. The process of mobility decision-making in later old age: early findings from an original survey of elderly people in south east England. Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1993. 523-32 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper develops the concept of residential strategies in explanation of housing and locational choice in old age [in England]. It argues that the forces which shape decisions to migrate in later life, particularly among the older elderly, are little understood....The paper reports the preliminary finding of one of the first U.K. studies to seek to determine the residential decision-making process of elderly people, through [a] survey of their motivations and migration outcomes. The study found that although a high proportion of older age groups expressed an intention to stay put, far fewer than in younger age groups were willing to rule out the necessity of a future move. The results indicate a preponderance of housing preferences, social and family support networks over conventional notions of locational amenity and convenience as motivations for residential adjustment in later life."
Correspondence: R. Ford, University of London, King's College, Age Concern Institute of Gerontology, London W2R 2LS, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20474 Frey, William H. Interstate migration and immigration for whites and minorities, 1985-90: the emergence of multi-ethnic states. Population Studies Center Research Report, No. 93-297, Oct 1993. 10, [55] pp. University of Michigan, Population Studies Center: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
Data from the 1990 U.S. census are used to evaluate migration trends within the United States, and particularly the trend for minority immigrants to concentrate in a small number of states and for whites to move away from immigrant-dominated areas. The author concludes that "the continuation of these processes--a minority-dominated immigration coupled with an internal migration 'white flight'--could lead to sharply divergent race and socio-demographic structures across broad regions and States."
Correspondence: University of Michigan, Population Studies Center, 1225 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20475 Goldstein, Alice; Goldstein, Sidney; Gu, Shengzu. Determinants of permanent and temporary mobility in Hubei province, PRC. In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 2. 1993. 85-101 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"This paper uses data from Hubei Province of the People's Republic of China to explore the characteristics of persons involved in the various forms of migration; the role of government policies in influencing the type of migration; and the differential impact of permanent and temporary migration on places of destination. First attention turns briefly to China's urbanization, migration, and economic reform policies, as they affect population mobility."
Correspondence: A. Goldstein, Brown University, Population Studies and Training Center, Box 1916, Providence, RI 02912. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20476 Hooimeijer, Pieter; Dieleman, Frans; Kuijpers-Linde, Marianne. Is elderly migration absent in the Netherlands? Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1993. 465-76 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"The classical patterns in elderly migration, showing a retirement peak and an upward slope at higher ages in the migration age profile and showing a redistribution of the elderly population from urbanised regions towards more rural and coastal areas, are absent in the Netherlands. However, a more in-depth, multivariate analysis shows that the basic processes underlying elderly migration are also at work in the Netherlands. Due to the specific social and geographical contexts which include...a very diffuse age of retirement and a very dispersed pattern of recreational and housing amenities, the processes do not lead to the common age-specificity and geographical distribution in the migration of the elderly."
Correspondence: P. Hooimeijer, Utrecht University, Faculty of Geographical Sciences, P.O. Box 80.115, 3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20477 Kemper, Franz-Josef. Migrations of the elderly in West Germany: developments 1970-1990. Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1993. 477-87 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"The paper analyses interregional migration flows of the elderly in West Germany. The demographic and socio-economic structure of the migrants is described as well as types of migration such as amenity migrants preferring health-resorts, return migrants, and kinship and support-related migrants. Next, areas of origin, mostly cities and urban agglomerations, and areas of destination are presented, with special reference to migration flows of the young-old and the old-old. During the 1970s and 1980s the migration rates of the elderly declined considerably, particularly for long-distance migration and more so for retirement migration sensu stricto than for support-related flows. The last section of the paper discusses some arguments to explain this decrease."
Correspondence: F.-J. Kemper, University of Bonn, Department of Geography, Meckenheimer Allee 166, 53115 Bonn, Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20478 Kwon, Tai-Hwan; Jun, Kwang Hee. Estimates of net internal migration for Korea, 1985-90. Korea Journal of Population and Development, Vol. 22, Suppl., No. 2, Dec 1993. 1-27 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic of. In Eng.
The authors "estimate the volume and rate of net internal migration in [South] Korea for each five-year age group for the period between 1985 and 1990, adopting the forward census survival ratio method....Two sets of [estimates] are made: (1) net internal migration for administratively defined provinces and equivalent districts with urban-rural distinction and (2) net internal migration for each of 73 cities in 1990." Extensive tables contain the estimates.
Correspondence: T.-H. Kwon, Seoul National University, Department of Sociology, Sinlim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151, Republic of Korea. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20479 Langlois, Andre. Francophone migratory flows between Quebec and Ontario: toward spatio-linguistic polarization? [Les echanges migratoires francophones entre le Quebec et l'Ontario: vers une polarisation spatio-linguistique?] Canadian Geographer/Geographe Canadien, Vol. 37, No. 2, Summer 1993. 132-42 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"The link between linguistic mobility and spatial mobility is investigated through the analysis of francophone migratory flows between Quebec and Ontario during the 1981-1986 period. Using 1986 census data, the analysis shows that these flows are indeed part of a more polarized spatio-linguistic situation. However, the results also show that this phenomenon is closely related to another one, that is to the return migration flow toward Quebec. Due to this relation, the role of Quebec as a true migration pole for French population outside Quebec is more problematic."
Correspondence: A. Langlois, University of Ottawa, Department of Geography, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20480 Langlois, Andre; Castonguay, Charles. Geo-linguistic mobility of the Francophone population of Quebec and Ontario. [Mobilite geolinguistique de la population de langue maternelle francaise au Quebec et en Ontario.] Canadian Journal of Sociology/Cahiers Canadiens de Sociologie, Vol. 18, No. 4, Fall 1993. 383-404 pp. Edmonton, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"The relation between geographic and linguistic mobility among the population of French mother tongue in Ontario and Quebec [Canada] is explored. The results show that language behaviour, in particular the use of English as home language, is fairly regularly and coherently related to spatial behaviour. A distinct positive correlation between geographic and linguistic mobility is observed. It would seem, furthermore, that the ability of various linguistic environments to impose the dominant language is notably stronger when the dominant language is English."
Correspondence: A. Langlois, University of Ottawa, Department of Geography, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20481 Le Jeannic, Thomas. The geography of migration between Ile-de-France and the provinces. [Geographie des migrations Ile-de-France-province.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1993. 205-13 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The author examines internal migration trends among France's provinces, with a focus on the Ile-de-France or Greater Paris region. "The balance of migration between the Ile-de-France region and the other French regions shows a debit balance which has been...reduced since 1982. The number of immigrants is growing...and for the fist time since 1954 the number of emigrants has been decreasing. The geography of gains and losses has not changed. The balance of migrations remains positive with the other big cities, and with the North-East of France, but shows a deficit with the rural areas, the coastal regions and the nearest areas of the Paris basin."
Correspondence: T. Le Jeannic, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, Direction d'Ile-de-France, Service des Etudes et de la Diffusion, 15 boulevard Gabriel Peri, 92245 Malakoff Cedex, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20482 Longino, Charles F.; Haas, William H. Migration and the rural elderly. In: Aging in rural America, edited by C. Neil Bull. 1993. 17-29 pp. Sage Publications: Newbury Park, California/London, England. In Eng.
An analysis of migration trends among the rural elderly in the United States is presented. Three migration streams are identified, and their different demographic impact considered. They are the movement of retirees to specific rural locations in response to the development of planned retirement communities, the drift of the most frail elderly from rural areas to larger communities, and the flow of retirees back to their regions of origin.
Correspondence: C. F. Longino, Wake Forest University, Box 7205, Winston-Salem, NC 27109. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20483 Nogle, June M. Internal migration for recent immigrants to Canada. International Migration Review, Vol. 28, No. 1, Spring 1994. 31-48 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This study examines the extent to which internal migration among recent immigrants to Canada is affected and constrained by characteristics related to admission. By examining measures of information and personal ties, it may be possible to establish that migration behavior is rational regardless of economic incentives." It is suggested that "internal migration in the first year after arrival is strongly affected by characteristics such as admission status, destination at arrival, reason for immigration, and area of origin. With increasing length of residence in Canada, though, the effect of these admission factors on internal migration behavior diminishes."
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1992 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America.
Correspondence: J. M. Nogle, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20484 Noordam, R. Internal migration by municipality, 1992. [Binnenlandse verhuismobiliteit per gemeente, 1992.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 42, No. 1, Jan 1994. 10-1 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
Trends in internal migration in the Netherlands in 1992 are examined. "In 1992 the total internal mobility in the Netherlands amounted to 103 per 1,000 of the average population against about 100 at the beginning of the eighties....The level of internal mobility as well as the proportion of intramunicipal changes of residence in big municipalities is higher on average than in small ones."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20485 Oberg, Sture; Scheele, Siv; Sundstrom, Gerdt. Migration among the elderly, the Stockholm case. Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1993. 503-14 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The authors examine migration trends among the elderly in Stockholm, Sweden. "It is shown that migration frequencies are higher in the age group around 65, which is the formal retirement age in Sweden, and that the flow is going from Stockholm to less populated areas and small towns. Some former immigrants to the area will migrate back to the regions where they grew up and spent their formative years. To a larger extent pensioners will migrate to regions depicted as attractive....It is shown that spatial mobility among pensioners has not increased over the last century. In general migration rates were somewhat higher a century ago with the exception of the rates for native born Stockholmers."
Correspondence: S. Oberg, Uppsala University, Department of Social and Economic Geography, Norbyvagen 18 B, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20486 Osberg, Lars; Gordon, Daniel; Lin, Zhengxi. Interregional migration and interindustry labour mobility in Canada: a simultaneous approach. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne d'Economique, Vol. 27, No. 1, Feb 1994. 58-80 pp. North York, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper argues that interindustry labour mobility and interregional migration are simultaneously determined processes. It estimates a bivariate probit model of migration and mobility [using data for Canada] and concludes that the interindustry mobility of labour is dominated by the availability of employment hours, and that wage differentials are a statistically significant, but small, determinant of interregional migration....Since interindustry mobility is much larger in magnitude than interregional migration, quantity constraints in labour markets are of central importance to the adaptive capacity of the economy."
Correspondence: L. Osberg, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20487 Rowles, Graham D.; Watkins, John F. Elderly migration and development in small communities. Growth and Change, Vol. 24, No. 4, Fall 1993. 509-38 pp. Lexington, Kentucky. In Eng.
"This paper develops a conceptual model of the process of community change [in the United States] in response to elderly inmigration. Analysis of intra-regional variation in elderly migration patterns in Appalachia, and synthesis of an emergent literature on the benefits and costs of attracting elderly migrants, serve as a backdrop for case studies, based on field observations and interviews, of three contrasting Appalachian communities at different stages of development as retirement destinations."
Correspondence: G. D. Rowles, University of Kentucky, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY 40506. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

60:20488 Saenz, Rogelio; Anderson, Robert N. The ecology of Chicano interstate net migration, 1975-1980. Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 75, No. 1, Mar 1994. 37-52 pp. Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"This analysis uses data from the 1980 Public Use Microdata Sample to examine the 1975-80 internal net migration patterns of Chicanos across the U.S. states from a human ecological perspective. The findings demonstrate the usefulness of the sustenance organization model in the study of Chicano internal net migration. Sustenance differentiation and Chicano industrial segregation are significantly related to Chicano net in-migration within the United States. Data for Anglos are presented for comparative purposes."
Correspondence: R. Saenz, Texas A & M University, Department of Rural Sociology, College Station, TX 77843-2125. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

60:20489 United Nations. Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis (New York, New York). Internal migration of women in developing countries. No. ST/ESA/SER.R/127, Pub. Order No. E.94.XIII.3. ISBN 92-1-151260-3. 1993. xii, 359 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
These are the proceedings of a UN expert meeting on the feminization of internal migration, held in Aguascalientes, Mexico, October 22-25, 1991. Part 1 presents the report of the meeting and its recommendations. Part 2 concerns migrant women in developing countries in general. Part 3 examines data-collection and measurement issues. The characteristics of female migrants and selectivity are examined in Part 4. Part 5 looks at the determinants of female migration, and Part 6 at the consequences. Part 7 reviews female migration, development, and policy issues.
Correspondence: UN Department for Economic and Social Information and Policy Analysis, United Nations, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20490 White, Michael J.; Imai, Yoshie. The impact of U.S. immigration upon internal migration. Population and Environment, Vol. 15, No. 3, Jan 1994. 189-209 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"The potential adverse effect of immigrants on job opportunities for natives continues to influence debate about immigration policy in the United States. Many studies have examined wage and employment outcomes; by contrast, we examine internal migration. We ask whether or not natives are more likely to depart from or less likely to move to metropolitan areas with high concentrations of immigrants. After controlling for other influences on migration, we find that metropolitan areas with higher concentrations of immigrants have only slightly lower rates of inmigration of natives. Such metropolitan areas also exhibit slightly lower rates of outmigration, contrary to expectation. These results suggest that the effect of immigrants on labor market redistribution of natives is modest."
Correspondence: M. J. White, Brown University, Population Studies and Training Center, Box 1916, Providence, RI 02912. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20491 Zlatanova, Valentina. Sociological aspects of migration in Bulgaria. [Sotsiologicheski aspekti na migratsiyata v Balgariya.] ISBN 954-430-025-2. LC 92-245582. 1991. 122 pp. Izdatelstvo na Balgarskata Akademiya na Naukite: Sofia, Bulgaria. In Bul.
This study focuses on the sociological aspects of internal migration in Bulgaria from 1956 to 1985. The first section introduces some theoretical and methodological issues in the study of internal migration. The second section looks at factors such as the impact of living standards on migration, as well as the social structure of migration. A third section concentrates on attitudes toward migration.
Correspondence: Balgarska Akademiya na Naukite, Institut po Sotsiologiya, ul. Akad. G. Bonchev bl.6, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

H.4. Settlement and Resettlement

60:20492 Barbero-Baconnier, Julie. When peace breaks out--Mozambican refugees: a study in socio-economic reintegration. International Migration, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1993. 601-23 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
The author discusses the reintegration of returning migrants who fled Mozambique or were internally displaced during the past two decades of war. The need for the development of national programs and policies to facilitate migrant resettlement is emphasized, with a focus on the creation of employment opportunities, vocational programs, and rural development strategies.
Correspondence: J. Barbero-Baconnier, International Organization for Migration, Regional Bureau for Africa and the Middle East, 1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20493 Cernea, Michael M. The urban environment and population relocation. World Bank Discussion Paper, No. 152, ISBN 0-8213-2057-2. LC 92-3994. 1993. viii, 47 pp. World Bank: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This study examines involuntary displacement and relocation of various groups of residents as a result of urban social and economic development in developing countries. "The paper examines the social issues raised by involuntary displacements and relocations, their causal mechanisms, the typology of displacement processes, and the policy issues involved in guiding forced resettlement."
Correspondence: World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20433. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20494 Cook, Cynthia C. Involuntary resettlement in Africa: selected papers from a conference on environment and settlement issues in Africa. World Bank Technical Paper, No. 227, ISBN 0-8213-2632-5. LC 93-23727. 1994. ix, 220 pp. World Bank: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This volume presents contributions made to a conference held in Kampala, Uganda, in October 1991, on the problems of involuntary resettlement in Africa. Particular reference is given to the approximately 250,000 people who have had to relocate as a result of World Bank sponsored development projects. It also summarizes lessons learned for future proposals involving resettlement, research needs, and the establishment of a network of professionals concerned with resettlement issues.
Correspondence: World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20433. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20495 Curmi, Brigitte. Management of the crisis of refugees turned away during the Gulf War: the role of the international organizations. [Geston de la crise des refugies au detour de la crise du Golfe: le role des organisations internationales.] In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 2. 1993. 59-67 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Fre.
The author describes refugee movements generated by the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990. Particular attention is given to the situation in Jordan, which absorbed some 700,000 refugees in three months. The role of international organizations in helping the countries cope with the refugee problem is described.
Correspondence: B. Curmi, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches sur le Moyen-Orient Contemporain, Amman, Jordan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20496 Fratkin, Elliot; Smith, Kevin. Women's changing economic roles with pastoral sedentarization: varying strategies in alternate Rendille communities. Population Research Institute Working Paper, No. 1993-18, Oct 1993. 35, [5] pp. Pennsylvania State University: University Park, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
This is a study of how the settling of the former nomadic Rendille people in northern Kenya is presenting new economic opportunities to women including the sale of dairy products, agricultural production, and labor opportunities. Differences in such opportunities depending on place of settlement, such as rural or urban areas, are noted. Data are from surveys of five Rendille communities carried out in 1992.
Correspondence: Pennsylvania State University, Population Research Institute, 601 Oswald Tower, University Park, PA 16802-6411. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20497 Gany, A. Hafied A.; Halli, S. S. Land development and transmigrant farmers in Southern Sumatra, Indonesia. International Migration, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1993. 561-77 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This paper discusses...the impact of land ownership on the transmigrant farmer's participation in new land development for irrigated paddy fields, taking Lampung Province (the pioneer settlement of the transmigration programme) as the specific area of reference. Special attention is focused on the case of the Way Rarem Irrigation Project in the northern part of Lampung, Southern Sumatra....There is no evidence in this analysis to support the hypothesis that the income level of the farmer contributes to the progress of land development. The ethnicity or province of origin is also insignificant in its effect on land development. Similarly, transmigration status does not show any significant relation to land development."
Correspondence: A. H. A. Gany, University of Manitoba, Faculty of Graduate Studies, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20498 Llambias-Wolff, Jaime. The voluntary repatriation process of Chilean exiles. International Migration, Vol. 31, No. 4, 1993. 579-99 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"The purpose of this paper is to analyse the main characteristics of the reintegration process of Chilean exiles returning to their country: the voluntary repatriation process of those who left Chile in 1973 when a military coup overthrew the democratically elected government, and who began to return to Chile in 1978, especially after 1990 with the re-establishment of democracy. Data have been obtained from secondary sources (publications, working papers, institutional documents), official publications provided by governmental agencies, and informal interviews with professionals assisting the returned population. The research was undertaken in situ in Santiago, Chile, during May and June 1992."
Correspondence: J. Llambias-Wolff, York University, Faculty of Arts, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20499 Makannah, Toma J. Evaluation of the socio-economic consequences of refugee movements, with particular reference to Africa. In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la Population: Montreal 1993, Volume 2. 1993. 49-58 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"This paper attempts a review of the methodological and data issues connected with the assessment of the [socioeconomic] consequences of refugee movements, along with an evaluation of aspects of these consequences in Africa."
Correspondence: T. J. Makannah, UN Economic Commission for Africa, Population Division, P.O. Box 3001, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20500 Nicolaas, H. Asylum requests up 75% in 1993. [Asielverzoeken in 1993 met 75% gestegen.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 42, No. 2, 1994. 6-11 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
Data on refugees and asylum seekers in the Netherlands for 1993 are analyzed. Some data from 1992 are used as a comparison. Data are presented for numbers of requests by country of origin.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20501 Schechla, Joseph. Ideological roots of population transfer. Third World Quarterly, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1993. 239-75 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"A discussion of historic cases of ethnocentric state ideology and population transfer is presented here, followed by consideration of the development of state ideologies that underlie examples of three contemporary states in which population transfer has emerged as policy. These cases then lead to an assessment of population transfer under existing international law, and conclude with a call for further inquiry into specific cases with a view to further developing international law to prevent and redress population transfers and their destructive consequences."
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.

60:20502 Tillman, Mikhail. Forced emigration in and from the USSR: causes and trends. Innovation in Social Science Research, Vol. 4, No. 3-4, 1991. 17-28 pp. Vienna, Austria. In Eng.
"The Soviet Union [in 1991] is facing a deep crisis comparable in scale and effect to that of 1917....This article examines one of its many consequences--the production of refugees inside and outside the USSR....Two issues will be addressed here. First, an analysis of factors producing refugees is placed in the context of the current political and economic situation in specific geographic regions of the USSR. Second, predictions are made about the scale of the refugee movement from specific areas and from the country as a whole. These predictions are related to various scenarios describing the interaction of major political forces in the country."
Correspondence: M. Tillman, Hebrew Union College, Cincinnati, OH 45220. Location: University of California Library, Los Angeles, CA.

H.5. Temporary Migration

60:20503 Calavita, Kitty. Inside the state: the Bracero Program, immigration, and the I.N.S. After the Law, ISBN 0-415-90537-0. LC 92-12340. 1992. x, 243 pp. Routledge: New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
This is a history of the Bracero Program, which lasted from 1942 to 1964, under which farm workers were brought from Mexico to work in the United States as temporary migrants. The focus is on how this program was administered and developed over time by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service.
Correspondence: Routledge, 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20504 Goza, Franklin. Causes and consequences of migration in the Jequitinhonha Valley of Minas Gerais. Sociological Inquiry, Vol. 62, No. 2, Spring 1992. 147-68 pp. Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"This study documents the recent development and expansion of temporary inter-regional labor migration in central-west Brazil. Several explanations for the expansion of this movement are investigated, including the financial crises that have affected Brazil's recent social and economic development. Temporary and permanent movement typologies are also examined in an attempt to discern why this region is now characterized by temporary rather than permanent moves. I suggest that permanent moves occurred primarily as a response to structural changes, while temporary movement resulted at least partially because of the country's recent economic crises. Examination of the consequences of this movement (for example, remittance usage) indicates that this temporary migration is more of a survival plan than a mobility strategy."
Correspondence: F. Goza, Bowling Green State University, Department of Sociology, Bowling Green, OH 43403-0231. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

60:20505 Steiner, Viktor; Velling, Johannes. Re-migration behaviour and expected duration of stay of guest-workers in Germany. Labour Economics and Human Resources Series Discussion Paper, No. 92-14, Nov 1992. 17 pp. Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung: Mannheim, Germany. In Eng.
"We analyze guest-workers' expected duration of stay in Germany within an econometric model taking into account the important distinction between permanent and temporary stayers, where the expected duration of stay for the latter is differentiated in short-term, medium-term and long-term stayers. The model is estimated for household heads on the first six waves of the German Socio-Economic Panel taking advantage of the panel structure of our data base to obtain efficient parameter estimates."
Correspondence: Zentrum fur Europaische Wirtschaftsforschung, Kaiserring 14-16, 6800 Mannheim 1, Germany. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.

60:20506 Werner, Heinz. Employment of cross-border workers in the Federal Republic of Germany. [Beschaftigung von Grenzarbeitnehmern in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.] Mitteilungen aus der Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, Vol. 26, No. 1, 1993. 28-35, 113, 117, 122 pp. Stuttgart, Germany. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre; Rus.
The author analyzes the cross-border movement of labor migrants in Germany. The impact of increased integration among European Community countries is considered, and the pressure of migration from neighboring Eastern European countries is discussed. "Employment of workers from border regions [provides the] possibility of meeting the labour demand in the region, of alleviating the pressure to migrate by legalizing inflows and of balancing the interests of employers and cross-border workers, thus avoiding some of the negative side-effects or social costs of traditional labour migration."
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.

H.6. Rural-Urban Migration

60:20507 Beladi, Hamid; Ingene, Charles A. A general equilibrium analysis of rural-urban migration under uncertainty. Journal of Regional Science, Vol. 34, No. 1, Feb 1994. 91-103 pp. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes the implications of an exogenous shift in relative prices for an economy that suffers from urban unemployment, as well as uncertainty in the agricultural sector. Among other things, we show that with agricultural uncertainty, an exogenous shift in relative prices will lower agricultural profit. This result is in sharp contrast with the conventional case of risk-neutrality or certainty where agricultural profit is unaffected by changes in the terms of trade." The consequences for rural-urban migration in developing countries are implied.
Correspondence: H. Beladi, University of Dayton, Economics and Finance Department, Dayton, OH 45469-2240. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).

60:20508 Bhattacharya, Prabir C. Rural-urban migration in economic development. Journal of Economic Surveys, Vol. 7, No. 3, Sep 1993. 243-81 pp. Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper provides a review of the theoretical literature on rural-urban migration in contemporary LDCs [less developed countries]. The paper begins with a brief discussion of the Lewis model before going on to discuss the Todaro and the Harris-Todaro models and the large literature which these models have spawned. The question of job search in the context of migration and the role of family members in migration decisions are considered next. The paper then takes a closer look at the Informal sector and also sets out alternative migration functions to the ones usually employed in the literature."
Correspondence: P. C. Bhattacharya, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Scotland. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

60:20509 Morocco. Direction de la Statistique. Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Demographiques [CERED] (Rabat, Morocco). Small and medium-sized towns: poles of attraction or relay stations. [Les petites villes et les villes moyennes: poles de retention ou relais migratoires.] Sep 1993. 54 pp. Rabat, Morocco. In Fre.
The role of small and medium-sized towns in the migration patterns of Morocco is examined using data from the 1982 census and a 1990 survey. The report suggests that these towns are playing an increasingly important role in the process of rural-urban migration that continues to dominate the migration scene, and that an increasing number of rural migrants are taking up residence in small or medium-sized towns rather than moving on to major urban centers.
Correspondence: Direction de la Statistique, Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Demographiques, B.P. 178, Rue Mohamed Belhassan, El Ouazzani-Haut Agdal, Rabat, Morocco. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20510 Tcha, MoonJoong. Altruistic migration--evidence from Korea and the U.S.A. Department of Economics Discussion Paper, No. 93.07, ISBN 0-86422-248-3. Mar 1993. 26 pp. University of Western Australia, Department of Economics: Nedlands, Australia. In Eng.
"The present study considers the effects of altruism between generations on migration decisions. Observed rural-urban migration in spite of high unemployment rates and lower-expected income of the migrant arriving in the urban area is explained as a result of rational choice that maximises dynastic utility. The adaptability of a dynastic model with altruism is examined and the comparability of altruism between different countries is analysed with data from [South] Korea and the U.S."
Correspondence: University of Western Australia, Department of Economics, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

60:20511 Tcha, MoonJoong. Altruism, conflict and the migration decision. Department of Economics Discussion Paper, No. 93.04, ISBN 0-86422-245-9. Feb 1993. 27 pp. University of Western Australia, Department of Economics: Nedlands, Australia. In Eng.
"This paper uses a dynastic model to analyse rural-urban migration in response to high unemployment rates and low expected income. Of special interest is the relatively high mobility of young generations. The model is able to explain why some migrants move to an area where their expected incomes are lower. Application of the model reveals different dynastic utilities between generations, which lead to conflicts between generations on migration decision and results in the higher mobility of the young generation."
Correspondence: University of Western Australia, Department of Economics, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).