59:30538 Auerbach,
Alan J.; Kotlikoff, Laurence J. The impact of the
demographic transition on capital formation. In: Demography and
retirement: the twenty-first century, edited by Anna M. Rappaport and
Sylvester J. Schieber. 1993. 163-87 pp. Praeger: Westport,
Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
The authors examine the impact
of the demographic changes currently affecting the United States. They
find that "the aging of the population, which is attributable to
declining rates of fertility and mortality, has a range of implications
for the level and composition of national saving and capital formation
in the United States over the next several decades. In this paper, we
review a variety of these implications and discuss the policy issues
that they raise." A discussion by Alicia H. Munnell is included (pp.
183-7).
Correspondence: A. J. Auerbach, University of
Pennsylvania, Department of Economics, 3718 Locust Walk, Philadelphia,
PA 19104-6398. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30539 Biggs, John
H. Implications of demographic change for design of
retirement programs. In: Demography and retirement: the
twenty-first century, edited by Anna M. Rappaport and Sylvester J.
Schieber. 1993. 189-223 pp. Praeger: Westport, Connecticut/London,
England. In Eng.
The author examines the influences of probable
demographic changes in the United States on private pension plan design
in the early part of the twenty-first century. Factors considered
include demographic aging; the increase in the numbers of the very old;
improved health, particularly among workers aged 60-75; and increases
in labor productivity. Discussions by Emily S. Andrews (pp. 205-11)
and Anna M. Rappaport (pp. 212-23) are
included.
Correspondence: J. H. Biggs, Teachers Insurance
and Annuity Association-College Retirement Equities Fund, 730 Third
Avenue, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30540 Clark,
Robert L. Population aging and retirement policy: an
international perspective. In: Demography and retirement: the
twenty-first century, edited by Anna M. Rappaport and Sylvester J.
Schieber. 1993. 255-95 pp. Praeger: Westport, Connecticut/London,
England. In Eng.
"This paper begins with a review of past
population aging in several developed countries and considers
projections of the pattern of continued aging through the first quarter
of the twenty-first century. The direct discussion of population trends
and retirement programs is restricted to six countries. Countries
included in the analysis are Japan, the United States, France, [West]
Germany, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. These countries are
of interest in their own right as specific examples of the development
of national retirement programs in the context of population aging. In
addition, they provide clear examples of population trends and
development of retirement programs that have occurred in the other
developed countries....The review of social security systems
concentrates on worker retirement benefits and does not attempt to
examine disability insurance, unemployment programs, or medical
insurance." Discussions by G. Lawrence Atkins (pp. 285-92) and Robert
J. Myers (pp. 293-5) are included.
Correspondence: R. L.
Clark, North Carolina State University, NCSU POB 7505, Raleigh, NC
27695. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30541 Desjardins,
Bertrand. Population ageing and the elderly. Current
demographic analysis. Pub. Order No. 91-533E. ISBN 0-660-14965-6.
Mar 1993. [xv], 128 pp. Statistics Canada, Demography Division: Ottawa,
Canada. In Eng.
This study, translated from the original French,
summarizes current trends in demographic aging in Canada. It includes
chapters on the definition and theory of aging, past and future trends,
the principal demographic factors affecting aging, geographical
distribution and mobility of the elderly, family life and housing,
economic and social conditions of the elderly, and their health
situation.
Correspondence: Statistics Canada, Demography
Division, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada. Location: New York
Public Library, New York, NY.
59:30542 Economic
Planning Advisory Council [EPAC] (Parkes, Australia).
Economic and social consequence of Australia's ageing population:
preparing for the 21st century. Papers presented at an Office of EPAC
seminar held in Canberra on 25 September 1992. EPAC Background
Paper, No. 23, ISBN 0-644-27308-9. Dec 1992. v, 158 pp. Parkes,
Australia. In Eng.
These are the proceedings of a one-day seminar
held in Canberra, Australia, on September 25, 1992, on the economic and
social consequences of demographic aging in Australia. The emphasis of
the nine papers is on implications for health costs and retirement
incomes.
Correspondence: Economic Planning Advisory
Council, PO Box E4, Queen Victoria Terrace, Parkes, ACT 2600,
Australia. Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
59:30543 Gulati,
Leela. Population ageing and women in Kerala State,
India. Asia-Pacific Population Journal, Vol. 8, No. 1, Mar 1993.
53-63 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
"In this note we examine the
ageing of the female population in the State of Kerala, India, in the
light of current and future demographic trends as well as the social
and economic implications of this process." Consideration is given to
the gender gap in mortality, marital status among elderly women, age at
marriage, the dependency ratio, and economic status and support for the
elderly, including welfare programs.
Correspondence: L.
Gulati, Centre for Development Studies, Prasantnagar Road, Ulloor,
Trivandrum 695 011, Kerala, India. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
59:30544 Kinsella,
Kevin; Taeuber, Cynthia M. An aging world II.
International Population Reports, Series P-95, No. 92-3, ISBN
0-16-041679-5. Feb 1993. vii, 160 pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This report presents a global view of
demographic aging. "One focus...is a look at the past, current, and
projected numbers, proportions, and growth rates of the elderly
population....A second...is to summarize socioeconomic statistics for
both developed and developing nations. This report shows such data for
as many as 50 nations when available and reasonably comparable....[It]
focuses primarily on the elderly, people 65 years old and over." Data
are from a variety of sources, including the 1990 round of worldwide
censuses and recent national sample surveys.
For a related report,
published in 1988, see 54:10632.
Correspondence: U.S.
Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop
SSOP, Washington, D.C. 20402-9328. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
59:30545 Ljones,
Olav. Aging and social security. Norwegian
viewpoints. [Eldrebolgen og pensjonssystemene i Norden.
Synspunkter fra Norge.] Working Papers from Department for Statistics
on Individuals and Households: Population and Living Conditions, Vol.
4, 1992. 89-107 pp. Oslo-Kongsvinger, Norway. In Nor.
Trends in
demographic aging in Norway are analyzed and their impact on social
welfare and pension systems is assessed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30546 McKie,
Craig. Population aging: baby boomers into the 21st
century. Canadian Social Trends, No. 29, Summer 1993. 2-6 pp.
Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
The author summarizes probable changes in
the age composition of Canada's population up to the year
2036.
Correspondence: C. McKie, Canadian Social Trends,
Jean Talon Building, 7th Floor, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
59:30547 Mohanty,
Bidyut. Migration, famines and sex ratio in Orissa
division between 1881 and 1921. Indian Economic and Social History
Review, Vol. 29, No. 4, Oct-Dec 1992. 507-28 pp. New Delhi, India. In
Eng.
The author hypothesizes that the rise in the sex ratio that
occurs in India following severe famines is caused to some extent by
famine-induced migration. Three districts of Orissa are studied from
1881 to 1921. They suffered extensively from famine during the period
1901-1921. It is argued that migration is sex-selective, involving
more men than women, and that the stresses of famine, migration, and
exposure to new diseases causes higher mortality among migrants than
among nonmigrants.
Correspondence: B. Mohanty, Institute of
Social Sciences, New Delhi, India. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
59:30548 Preston,
Samuel H. Demographic change in the United States,
1970-2050. In: Demography and retirement: the twenty-first
century, edited by Anna M. Rappaport and Sylvester J. Schieber. 1993.
19-71 pp. Praeger: Westport, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This paper focuses on the future size and age composition of the
population of the United States. The impending changes are viewed
through the prism of population projections made by two federal
agencies: the Bureau of the Census and the Social Security
Administration. The successes and failures of the projection programs
of these agencies is briefly evaluated, and we consider at greater
length the plausibility of their most recent intermediate projection
series. Our conclusion is that mortality is very likely to improve at
a faster pace than they have projected. Exaggerating the impact of this
factor on population size, but partially offsetting its impact on age
structure, we anticipate that future fertility rates will be higher and
immigration flows faster than projected by these agencies. These
conclusions are based upon analyses of recent demographic changes in
light of broader social and economic trends." Discussions by Francisco
R. Bayo (pp. 49-52), Stephen C. Goss (pp. 53-6), and Barry Edmonston
(pp. 57-71) are included.
Correspondence: S. H. Preston,
University of Pennsylvania, Department of Sociology, 3718 Locust Walk,
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6298. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30549 Rappaport,
Anna M.; Schieber, Sylvester J. Demography and retirement:
the twenty-first century. ISBN 0-275-94248-1. LC 92-46552. 1993.
x, 328 pp. Praeger: Westport, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This book presents the papers and comments from the Pension
Research Council's Spring 1991 Symposium. It focuses on those issues
related to the age structure of the [U.S.] population and patterns of
retirement as well as our ability to anticipate how these might change
in the future....The participants in the symposium included
academicians from a variety of disciplines including economics,
gerontology, demography, etc.; government representatives; plan
sponsors; and advisors to plan sponsors....The symposium focused on
demographics, the work behavior of older people, retirement, and the
benefits provided for retirement. The scope of the benefits covered
encompassed both social insurance and private benefits, including
pension plans of all types and retiree health programs. Long-term care
was identified several times as a potentially important issue, but was
not discussed in depth. The international perspective was presented by
comparing the United States with five other countries."
Selected
items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population
Index.
Correspondence: Praeger, 88 Post Road West,
Westport, CT 06881. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
59:30550 Rowland, D.
T. Ageing in Australia. ISBN 0-582-71261-0. 1991. xv,
235 pp. Longman Cheshire: Melbourne, Australia. In Eng.
This is a
study of demographic aging in Australia. It "presents up-to-date
research findings, provides comparisons with overseas studies and
trends, introduces relevant theoretical concepts, and explains changes
and their consequences....The book discusses key characteristics of the
aged, and places them in the context of cross-national comparisons,
policy issues, and projected developments into the twenty-first
century. The theme is the social integration of the aged, which is
central to understanding quality of life in old age and to the
appropriate design of social policies concerning the aged. The book
will be of...interest to those working in sociology, human services,
health sciences, geography, gerontology and
demography."
Correspondence: Longman Cheshire, Longman
House, Kings Gardens, 95 Coventry Street, Melbourne 3205, Australia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30551 Smith, Eric
A. Sex ratio evolution and adult mortality: a
commentary. Ethology and Sociobiology, Vol. 14, No. 1, Jan 1993.
39-44 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The author critically
analyzes arguments set forth by Barry S. Hewlett concerning the
relationship between demographic structure and child care in
preindustrial societies. "Hewlett...demonstrates some rather striking
correlations between biased juvenile sex ratios and certain ecological
and economic variables; in the process, he makes an intuitive argument
about parental investment as compensation for mortality of sons, along
the lines just sketched. The goal of this commentary is to explain
what is wrong with this particular argument...."
For the article by
Hewlett, published in 1991, see 57:30447.
Correspondence:
E. A. Smith, University of Washington, Department of Anthropology,
Seattle, WA 98195. Location: Princeton University Library
(SZ).
59:30552 Stortzbach,
Bernd. Transition to a new phase of life--expectations for
life in old age. [Ubergang in eine neue Lebensphase--Erwartungen
fur das Leben im Alter.] Zeitschrift fur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol.
18, No. 3, 1992. 291-311 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger. with sum. in
Eng; Fre.
"This contribution presents selected results of a 1989
survey by the [West German] Federal Institute for Population Research
[on] the issue of what ideas persons of medium age have about life at
old age and what positive and/or negative expectations they associate
with that period of life....The results show that women's expectations
with regard to material security at old age evidently depend on their
actual partnership situation....With regard to the time of ending
gainful employment mainly the answers of younger male respondents
(40-49 years) show that the discussion on the extension of working life
may have influenced their assessment. Persons of medium age on the
whole give a more positive assessment of life at old age than older
persons who already are in that period of
life."
Correspondence: B. Stortzbach, Bundesinstitut fur
Bevolkerungsforschung, Gustav-Stresemann-Ring 6, Postfach 5528, 6200
Wiesbaden 1, Germany. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
59:30553 Taeuber,
Cynthia. Sixty-five plus in America. Current
Population Reports, Series P-23: Special Studies, No. 178RV, May 1993.
x, [133] pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This is a revised edition of a report on the growth of the U.S.
population over age 65. It takes into account new official population
projections issued in November 1992. "We will examine the growth of
the elderly population and how it has occurred. We will focus on the
diversity of America's older population in terms of age, race, gender,
economic status, longevity, health characteristics, geographic
distribution, and social characteristics. Throughout, we will examine
possible implications of the demographic changes." Data are from the
1990 census and other official sources.
For an earlier edition of
this report, published in 1982, see 59:20642.
Correspondence: U.S. Government Printing Office,
Superintendent of Documents, Mail Stop SSOP, Washington, D.C.
20402-9328. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30554 United
Nations. Department of Economic and Social Development (New York, New
York). The sex and age distribution of the world
populations. The 1992 revision. No. ST/ESA/SER.A/134, Pub. Order
No. E.93.XIII.3. ISBN 92-1-151251-4. 1993. ix, 397, [6] pp. New York,
New York. In Eng.
The results of the thirteenth round of population
estimates and projections prepared by the UN Population Division are
presented. "This report presents estimated sex and age distribution for
the period 1950-1990 and projected figures, according to medium-, high-
and low-fertility variants for 1990-2025. Data are presented for
countries with a population of at least 200,000 in 1990. The data for
smaller countries are included in the regional population totals but
are not presented separately....A magnetic tape and a set of diskettes
containing the major results of the present estimates and projections
are also available for purchase. A description of the tape and
diskettes, and an order form, can be found in the annex to this
report."
Correspondence: United Nations, Department of
Economic and Social Development, New York, NY 10017.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30555 Valkovics,
Emil. Problems of demographic ageing in new light.
Materialien zur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, No. 75, 1992. 241-70 pp.
Wiesbaden, Germany. In Eng.
The author analyzes demographic aging
in Hungary over the period 1973-1989, then makes projections to the
year 2010. The formulas used are included.
Correspondence:
E. Valkovics, Demographic Research Institute, Posta fio'k 78, 1364
Budapest, Hungary. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
59:30556 Van
Nostrand, Joan F. Common beliefs about the rural elderly:
what do national data tell us? Vital and Health Statistics, Series
3: Analytic and Epidemiological Studies, No. 28, Pub. Order No. DHHS
(PHS) 93-1412. ISBN 0-8406-0477-7. LC 93-3076. Apr 1993. vi, 79 pp.
U.S. National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS]: Hyattsville,
Maryland. In Eng.
"National data from various sources are presented
to support or debunk 10 commonly held beliefs about the elderly living
in rural America. Topics include: health, income, housing, social
networks, population size and distribution, and access to care. Most
comparisons are between nonmetropolitan and metropolitan
data."
Correspondence: U.S. Government Printing Office,
Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30557 Whiting,
John W. M. The effect of polygyny on sex ratio at
birth. American Anthropologist, Vol. 95, No. 2, Jun 1993. 435-42
pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report presents ethnographic
evidence that the secondary sex ratio (sex ratio at birth) varies with
the form of marriage. Owing to the effect of the form of marriage on
the frequency and timing of coitus, more females are born to
polygynously married mothers than would be expected from norms based on
children born to monogamous mothers." The data are primarily from
Kenya and were collected over the period
1966-1973.
Correspondence: J. W. M. Whiting, Harvard
University, Department of Anthropology, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
59:30558 Williams,
Robert J.; Gloster, Susan P. Human sex ratio as it relates
to caloric availability. Social Biology, Vol. 39, No. 3-4,
Fall-Winter 1992. 285-91 pp. Port Angeles, Washington. In Eng.
"The
relationship between human sex ratio at birth and caloric availability
per capita was examined across different countries. Significant
positive correlations were obtained between the amount of food a
country had available and the percentage of male births. Furthermore,
increases or decreases in a country's caloric availability were related
to corresponding changes in that country's sex ratio. These results
provide evidence of adaptive sex ratio biasing in humans. The
physiological mechanisms by which this effect operates is probably
higher mortality rates for male embryos and fetuses as a result of
nutritional deficiencies and associated
stressors."
Correspondence: R. J. Williams, Government of
Manitoba, Departments of Health and Family Services, Manitoba R8N 0C8,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30559 Jeyaseelan,
L.; Antonisamy, B.; Rao, P. S. S. Pattern of menstrual
cycle length in south Indian women: a prospective study. Social
Biology, Vol. 39, No. 3-4, Fall-Winter 1992. 306-9 pp. Port Angeles,
Washington. In Eng.
"Data on 8,308 menstrual cycles from 1,740
South Indian women prospectively recorded were analyzed to identify the
effect of age on menstrual cycle length....In no age group did 28-day
cycles occur in more than 9 per cent of women. Variability as measured
by the standard deviation was high among those below 19 years of age,
stabilized during 25-39 years, and then increased in women aged 40
years or more. The findings are discussed in the light of other
studies and possible implications in fertility control
programs."
Correspondence: L. Jeyaseelan, Christian Medical
College, Department of Biostatistics, Vellore 632 002, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30560 Suzuki,
Toru. Survival of direct progenitors in Japan. Jinko
Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, Vol. 48, No. 1, Apr 1992.
32-7 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
Changes in the likelihood of having
a direct living progenitor for individuals in Japan are analyzed over
time. The author notes that the likelihood of an individual's mother
being alive increased up to 1989 and subsequently declined; for
grandmothers, the turning point was 1984; and for great-grandmothers,
1979. The relationship of these trends to the increase in age at
marriage is discussed.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30561 Weir, David
R. Parental consumption decisions and child health during
the early French fertility decline, 1790-1914. Journal of Economic
History, Vol. 53, No. 2, Jun 1993. 259-74 pp. New York, New
York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
The author uses height at
adulthood to measure the intergenerational distribution of nutritional
resources within households in France during the fertility decline of
1790-1914. "The intrahousehold distribution of resources was
influenced by the level of income and by the calorie demands of working
adults. Results show that the early decline of marital fertility in
France was accompanied by a small but significant increase in
expenditures on child quality as measured by heights. Reductions in
mortality, independent of the level of food intake, also contributed to
improved heights." Data are mainly from records of conscripts into the
French army.
Correspondence: D. R. Weir, Institut National
de la Recherche Agronomique, 63 boulevard de Brandebourg, 94205 Ivry
Cedex, France. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
59:30562 Adams,
Richard H. The effects of migration and remittances on
inequality in rural Pakistan. Pakistan Development Review, Vol.
31, No. 4, Pt. 2, Winter 1992. 1,189-206 pp. Islamabad, Pakistan. In
Eng.
The author presents "a framework for analysing the impact of
internal and international remittances on rural income distribution.
This framework uses predicted income equations to predict (estimate)
the incomes of households in two situations: excluding and including
remittances. The results are then used to evaluate the changes in
income distribution that occur when internal and international
remittances are excluded, compared to when they are included....Data
come from a three-year study (1986-87 to 1988-89) of 727 households in
three provinces in rural Pakistan." A comment by Zafar Mahmood is
included (pp. 1,204-6).
Correspondence: R. H. Adams,
International Food Policy Research Institute, 1176 Massachusetts Avenue
NW, Washington, D.C. 20036. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30563 Klevmarken,
N. Anders. Demographics and the dynamics of earnings.
Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1993. 105-22 pp. New
York, New York/Berlin, Germany. In Eng.
"This paper discusses how
demographic changes, in particular changes in cohort size, female labor
force participation and migration, influence the dynamics of wage rate
profiles. A review of the literature suggests that there are
demographic effects on wage rate profiles, although they are usually
rather small." Data are from Sweden and other developed
countries.
Correspondence: N. A. Klevmarken, Gothenburg
University, Department of Economics, Viktoriagatan 30, 41125 Goteborg,
Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30564 Quibria, M.
G. International migration, increasing returns, and real
wages. Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne
d'Economique, Vol. 26, No. 2, May 1993. 457-68 pp. Downsview, Canada.
In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"The present paper makes an exploratory
attempt to investigate the impact of emigration on real wages in the
presence of increasing returns to scale in production. The problem has
been posed in the context of a 2 x 2 model of international trade,
where one of the commodities is a non-traded good and is subject to a
type of increasing returns to scale that are external to the firm but
internal to the industry. Analysis indicates that, in this instance,
international emigration unambiguously increases real wages in the
source country. This result, which seems to be at odds with the
general presumption in this area, is quite robust to variations in the
underlying assumptions behind the
analysis."
Correspondence: M. G. Quibria, Asian Development
Bank, 2330 Roxas Boulevard, Manila 2800, Philippines.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
59:30565 Sorensen,
Marianne. The match between education and occupation for
immigrant women in Canada. Population Research Laboratory
Discussion Paper, No. 102, Jul 1993. 26 pp. University of Alberta,
Department of Sociology, Population Research Laboratory: Edmonton,
Canada. In Eng.
Data from a subsample taken from the 1986 Canadian
census are used to examine the connection between postsecondary
education and occupation among immigrant
women.
Correspondence: University of Alberta, Department of
Sociology, Population Research Laboratory, 1-62 HM Tory, Edmonton,
Alberta T6G 2H4, Canada. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30566 Waldrop,
Judith. The demographics of decision makers. American
Demographics, Vol. 15, No. 6, Jun 1993. 26-32 pp. Ithaca, New York. In
Eng.
Demographic characteristics of company managers in the United
States are analyzed using 1992 data from the Bureau of the Census. The
author concludes that "middle management's profile is middle-aged and
middle-class, and the share of women is growing. Since 1987, the
number of part-time managers increased, and the salaries of full-timers
stagnated."
Correspondence: J. Waldrop, American
Demographics, 127 West State Street, Ithaca, NY 14850.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30567 Zarca,
Bernard. The transmission of independent occupation
between different generations by sex and birth order. [L'heritage
de l'independance professionnelle selon les lignees, le sexe et le rang
dans la fratrie.] Population, Vol. 48, No. 2, Mar-Apr 1993. 275-306 pp.
Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
The author examines
factors affecting the transfer of independent professional status from
parent to child. He finds that "the extent to which independent
occupations are passed from parent to child for children of different
sexes and birth orders will depend on the wealth owned by the head of
the enterprise. However, an analysis of differences in the rate of
transmission among artisans and shopkeepers when parent and child are
the same sex (father-son, mother-daughter) and when they are of
different sexes (father-daughter, mother-son), and between children of
different birth orders shows that birth order remains important and
that transmission does not [depend] entirely on economic rationality.
It also shows that the effect of birth order is more important for
transmission from mother to daughter, and when the parent and the child
are of opposite sex." Parental aspirations regarding the occupations of
their children are also found to be influential. Data are mainly from a
1976 French survey.
Correspondence: B. Zarca, Centre
National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30568 Dankert,
Gabriele; Hu, Yu. Coresidence with parents: levels and
trends in six provinces of China. In: Fertility in China.
Proceedings of the International Seminar on China's In-Depth Fertility
Survey, Beijing, February 13-17, 1990. 1991. 451-66 pp. International
Statistical Institute [ISI]: Voorburg, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Questions on coresidence with parents or parents-in-law after
marriage are important for estimates of the future size of Chinese
families. In this paper the levels and trends of incidence and duration
are determined [and]...the main determinants of coresidence [are
identified]: the availability of parents, the number of sons, the
degree of modernization, and other determinants as, for example, the
economic situation and housing conditions."
Correspondence:
G. Dankert, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, P.O.
Box 11650, 2502 AR The Hague, Netherlands. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
59:30569 Grimes,
Seamus. Residential segregation in Australian cities: a
literature review. International Migration Review, Vol. 27, No. 1,
Spring 1993. 103-20 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"In this
review of literature dealing with the postwar immigrant experience in
urban Australia, some of the key interpretations of residential
segregation are assessed. The article focuses on studies which have
examined ethnic clusters formed by southern Europeans in Sydney and
Melbourne and more recently by Indochinese refugees. Much of the
analysis to date has been based on measuring static residential
patterns rather than social interaction, and the need to question the
significance of ethnic concentrations which sometimes characterize the
early stages of immigrant adaptation is
suggested."
Correspondence: S. Grimes, University College
Galway, Galway, Ireland. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30570 Hirosima,
Kiyosi. Recent changes in gender roles and
multigenerational living arrangements in Japan. Institute of
Population Problems Working Paper Series, No. 14, Feb 1993. 31 pp.
Institute of Population Problems: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
The author
discusses "changes in the relationship between living arrangements and
gender roles in Japan using newly published survey data and works;
first, living arrangements of the elderly, second, that of younger
generation including just married couples, and third, effects of living
arrangements [are considered]."
Correspondence: Institute
of Population Problems, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 1-2-2
Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-45, Japan. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30571 Lichter,
Daniel T.; Cornwell, Gretchen T.; Eggebeen, David J.
Harvesting human capital: family structure and education among
rural youth. Rural Sociology, Vol. 58, No. 1, Spring 1993. 53-75
pp. Bozeman, Montana. In Eng.
"This paper evaluates the extent to
which higher rural than urban [school] dropout rates are attributable
to spatial differences in family structure (e.g., living arrangements,
family size, and early childbearing) or economic resources (e.g.,
poverty) and estimates the differential effects of family structure and
poverty on school dropout rates in nonmetropolitan areas, suburbs, and
central cities. Data are drawn from the March 1990 [U.S.] Current
Population Survey. Results indicate that residential differences in
family structure account for a relatively small part of the higher
dropout rates found in rural areas. Rural youth's experience with
poverty appears to matter more. The educational effects of family
structure are nevertheless strong in rural areas, albeit somewhat
smaller than in suburban areas, owing perhaps to compensating forms of
social capital found in rural areas."
Correspondence: D. T.
Lichter, Pennsylvania State University, Department of Sociology,
University Park, PA 16802. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30572 Mulder,
Clara H.; Manting, Dorien. Strategies of nest-leavers:
"settling down" versus flexibility. PDOD Paper, No. 15, Apr 1993.
15, [4] pp. Universiteit van Amsterdam, Postdoctorale
Onderzoekersopleiding Demografie [PDOD]: Amsterdam, Netherlands. In
Eng.
Demographic events that follow leaving the parental home in
the Netherlands are analyzed. These concern the household and the
family (including marriage and childbearing) and housing (including
migration and home ownership). Data are from the Housing Needs Surveys
of 1981, 1985, and 1989.
Correspondence: Universiteit van
Amsterdam, Postdoctorale Onderzoekersopleiding Demografie, Planologisch
en Demografisch Instituut, Nieuwe Prinsengracht 130, 1018 VZ Amsterdam,
Netherlands. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30573 Smolka,
Martin O. Relocating the rich, expelling the poor:
residential segregation and the dynamics of the property market in the
city of Rio de Janeiro. [Expulsando os pobres e redistribuindo os
ricos: "dinamica imobiliaria" e segregacao residencial na cidade do
Rio de Janeiro.] Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao, Vol. 9,
No. 1, Jan-Jul 1992. 3-21 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In Por. with sum. in
Eng.
"The paper explores the mediating role of [the] property
market in generating residential segregation [in the city of Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil]....It is shown that the market for apartments is still
basically high-income oriented (in contrast with the situation in
cities of the developed countries) and that the rapid (faster than
family mobility) spatial deconcentration of this market...has played an
important role in expelling...the poor, albeit through indirect means,
from the areas subjected more intensively to new property
developments."
Correspondence: M. O. Smolka, Universidade
Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto do Pesquisa e Planejamento Urbano
e Regional, Av. Brig. Trompowski s/n, 21941 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30574 Sohoni,
Neera K. Some myths concerning the demographic status of
girls. Working Papers on Women in International Development, No.
233, May 1992. 26 pp. Michigan State University, Women and
International Development Program: East Lansing, Michigan. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to draw attention to the
disadvantaged demographic status of girls from the ages of 0 to 19,
compared with (1) boys in the same age groups and (2) women." The
geographical scope is worldwide.
Correspondence: Michigan
State University, Women and International Development Program, 202
International Center, East Lansing, MI 48824-1035. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30575 Warrick,
Louise; Christianson, Jon B.; Walruff, Judy; Cook, Paul C.
Educational outcomes in teenage pregnancy and parenting programs:
results from a demonstration. Family Planning Perspectives, Vol.
25, No. 4, Jul-Aug 1993. 148-55 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"A
comparison of five in-school educational and service approaches offered
at seven sites in Arizona to 789 pregnant and parenting teenagers shows
that except for those who enroll in a program in their third trimester,
pregnant and parenting teenagers who attend a comprehensive,
school-based, community-linked program are significantly more likely to
continue in school than are those who have no access to a special
program. The comprehensive program's impact is greatest among Hispanic
students, younger students, those in grades 9-10, those who are living
with their partner and those who enter the program in the first
trimester. Two of the program components--strong outreach efforts and
case management--are believed to have an especially favorable impact on
continuation in school."
Correspondence: L. Warrick,
University of Arizona College of Medicine, Department of Family and
Community Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85721. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
59:30576 Zeng, Yi;
Li, Xiaoli; Ma, Zhongdong. The trend and the model
schedule of leaving the parental home after marriage in China. In:
Fertility in China. Proceedings of the International Seminar on
China's In-Depth Fertility Survey, Beijing, February 13-17, 1990. 1991.
421-50 pp. International Statistical Institute [ISI]: Voorburg,
Netherlands. In Eng.
"Based on the relevant survey data
from...twelve provinces/municipalities [in China], this paper
investigates the trend of living arrangements at the time of the first
marriage and the process of leaving the parental home after marriage,
following a life table analysis approach. Not surprisingly, the
surveys show that at the time of first marriage, a majority of the
Chinese couples live in the husband's parental home and a small
proportion live with the wife's parents."
Correspondence:
Y. Zeng, Peking University, Institute of Population Research, Hai Dian,
Beijing 100871, China. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
59:30577 Barringer,
Herbert R.; Gardner, Robert W.; Levin, Michael J. Asians
and Pacific Islanders in the United States. The Population of the
United States in the 1980s: A Census Monograph Series, ISBN
0-87154-095-9. LC 92-4867. 1993. xx, 371 pp. Russell Sage Foundation:
New York, New York. In Eng.
This is an analysis of characteristics
of the Asian American and Pacific Islander populations of the United
States, and is one in a series of monographs based primarily on data
from the 1980 census. The first eight chapters are concerned with
Asian Americans and cover such topics as immigration, population size
and growth, place of birth, citizenship, fertility, mortality, age and
sex distribution, residence and migration, family and households,
educational status, employment and occupations, and incomes. Chapter 9
is concerned with Pacific Islanders.
Correspondence:
Russell Sage Foundation, 112 East 64th Street, New York, NY 10021.
Location: University of Pennsylvania, Demography Library,
Philadelphia, PA.
59:30578 Blurton
Jones, Nicholas G.; Smith, Lars C.; O'Connell, James F.; Hawkes,
Kristen; Kamuzora, C. L. Demography of the Hadza, an
increasing and high density population of savanna foragers.
American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 89, No. 2, 1992. 159-81
pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This is a report on the demography
of the Hadza, a population of East African hunter-gatherers. In it, we
describe the results of a census, and our estimation of age structure,
survivorship, mean age of women at childbearing, number of live
children, total population size and density, and rate of change since
1967....We compare aspects of Hadza demography with surrounding
non-Hadza and with the !Kung. Among other things, we find that the
Hadza have a higher population density, higher fertility, and a faster
population growth rate than do the !Kung. These demographic
differences are consistent with our expectations, which were based on
differences in the costs and benefits of foraging in the two regions.
We also show that Hadza demographic parameters display remarkable
consistency over the past 20 years." Data are from surveys carried out
in 1967, 1977, and 1985.
Correspondence: N. G. Blurton
Jones, University of California, Department of Education, Los Angeles,
CA 90024-1521. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30579 Castonguay,
Charles. Measuring linguistic assimilation by means of
censuses. [Mesure de l'assimilation linguistique au moyen des
recensements.] Recherches Sociographiques, Vol. 34, No. 1, 1993. 45-68,
199 pp. Quebec, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"Through Canadian
census data, linguistic assimilation can be measured not only on an
individual basis, but also intergenerationally, in terms of the
language transmitted to children, or...of the replacement of
generations within a language group. The relationship between these
various types of assimilation is examined, as well as the difficulties
encountered in comparing the available data. In particular, it is
found that since 1971, individual anglicization appears to have
remained at the same level among Canada's French-speaking population.
At the same time, however, the latter has become solidly engaged in the
process of aggregate assimilation, the drastic decline in francophone
birth rates having more than offset improved transmission of French to
upcoming generations."
Correspondence: C. Castonguay,
University of Ottawa, Department of Mathematics, 550 Cumberland Street,
Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
59:30580 Chernaya,
N. V. The Ukrainian population of Russia and the USSR
beyond Ukraine (from the eighteenth to the twentieth century):
population size and distribution. [Ukrainskoe naselenie Rossii i
SSSR za predelami Ukrainy (XVIII-XX vv.): dinamika chislennosti i
razmeshcheniya.] Rasy i Narody, Vol. 21, 1991. 62-79, 248 pp. Moscow,
USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The author provides a detailed
historical overview and analysis of the distribution and size of the
Ukrainian population within Russia and the USSR but outside the borders
of what constitutes modern Ukraine. Determinants of variations in the
size of this population from the eighteenth to the twentieth centuries
are examined. Assimilation, bilingual trends, and retention of ethnic
identity are discussed. Data are from censuses conducted between 1887
and 1989 and from church, police, and other archival records for the
earlier period.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
59:30581 Divinsky,
Boris. Romanies in Slovakia: a challenge to the
future. Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 1, 1993. 23-33 pp.
Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The spatial
distribution and socioeconomic characteristics of the Gypsy population
in Slovakia are described. Consideration is given to educational
status, unemployment rates, criminal conviction rates, and number of
Gypsies per city. Data are presented in tabular and map
form.
Correspondence: B. Divinsky, Comenius University,
Safarikovo nam. 6, 818 06 Bratislava, Slovakia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30582 Evtukh,
Vladimir B. Ukrainian immigration in Canada: some aspects
of socio-demographic integration. [Ukrainskaya immigratsiya v
Kanade: nekotorye aspekty sotsial'no-demograficheskoi integratsii.]
Migracijske Teme, Vol. 6, No. 4, Dec 1990. 497-510 pp. Zagreb,
Yugoslavia. In Rus. with sum. in Eng; Scr.
The author examines
social and demographic characteristics of Ukrainians living in Canada,
with a focus on acculturation levels and trends. "Among the indices
which confirm the notion that members of the group have integrated
themselves into the social-demographic structure of Canadian society,
the author notices: dispersive settlement (in all the provinces and
territories of the country), urbanisation which recently has surpassed
the Canadian average; an increase in the number of persons born in
Canada (87.5%); a growing similarity between the employment structure
of the able-bodied population and the employment structure typical for
Canada as a whole; growth of the incomes of Ukrainian families;...[and]
increases in the level of education...."
Correspondence: V.
B. Evtukh, Akademiya Nauk USSR, Institut Istorii, Kiev, Ukraine.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30583
Feldman-Bianco, Bela. Homesickness, immigration,
and the construction of a Portuguese foreign community. [Saudade,
imigracao e a construcao de uma nacao (portuguesa)
desterritorializada.] Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao, Vol.
9, No. 1, Jan-Jul 1992. 35-49 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In Por. with sum.
in Eng.
"Based on ethnohistorical research (1910-1990) conducted in
New Bedford, an industrial town of New England, U.S.A., this paper is
directed at unveiling an apparent paradox: on the one hand, the
analysis of domestic structures indicated that there has been since the
late 1970's both an intensification of old and the emergence of new
forms of transnationalism among [New Bedford's] Portuguese families;
and, on the other hand, the observation of grass-roots 'community
events' sugggested a simultaneous and progressive increase of ethnic
insularity."
Correspondence: B. Feldman-Bianco,
Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Departamento de Antropologia, CEP
13081 Campinas, SP, Brazil. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:30584 Gall, Susan
B.; Gall, Timothy L. Statistical record of Asian
Americans. ISBN 0-8103-8918-5. 1993. xxxiii, 796 pp. Gale
Research: Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
A selection of data on the
Asian and Pacific Island populations of Canada and the United States is
presented. Chapters are included on health, immigration, and
population and vital statistics. The chapter on health contains data on
fertility and mortality. The chapter on immigration examines movements
by ethnic group, state, and city, and, for Canada, by metropolitan area
and province. The chapter on population and vital statistics presents
data on the characteristics of the Asian and Pacific Island
populations. Data are from a wide variety of published
sources.
Correspondence: Gale Research, 835 Penobscot
Building, Detroit, MI 48226-4094. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
59:30585 Gentilli,
Joseph. Italians in Western Australia: an isolated
community in a period of aging. [Gli italiani nell'Australia
Occidentale: una comunita isolata in fase di invecchiamento.] Studi
Emigrazione/Etudes Migrations, Vol. 30, No. 109, Mar 1993. 2-28 pp.
Rome, Italy. In Ita. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
Characteristics of the
Italian-born population of Western Australia are examined in light of
the state's large size and relative isolation. "After a brief review
of the gold rush of the 1890s and the agricultural settlement that
followed, the paper examines the evolution in the age composition of
the population, the extraordinary rapid turnover of migrants, the
predominance of young males among them. Brief comparisons are made
with other migrant groups in 1986. The importance of education for the
attainment of a good income is examined....[The author finds that]
mixed marriages (some inevitable because of the much greater number of
males among the Italian-born) enrich both sides culturally but speed up
the assimilation process."
Correspondence: J. Gentilli,
University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30586 Ibragimov,
M.-R. A. The population of Dagestan in the twentieth
century (ethno-demographic problems). [Narody Dagestana v XX v.
(etnodemograficheskie problemy).] Rasy i Narody, Vol. 21, 1991. 100-27,
249-50 pp. Moscow, USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The author
presents a historical analysis of the ethnic composition of Russia's
Dagestan Autonomous Republic during the twentieth century. Factors
considered include the geographic distribution of more than 50 ethnic
groups; growth of the total, urban, and rural population; and major
ethnic groups. Data are for years 1926, 1939, 1959, 1970, 1979, and
1989.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30587 Kaz'mina,
O. E. Population dynamics of ethnic groups in Estonia in
the twentieth century. [Dinamika chislennosti natsional'nykh grupp
Estonii v XX v.] Rasy i Narody, Vol. 21, 1991. 79-99, 249 pp. Moscow,
USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The author describes and analyzes
changes in the ethnic composition of Estonia during the twentieth
century. "The paper points out that ethnic composition of the urban
population was changing in the period under consideration much more
rapidly than the ethnic structure of the rural population." Data are
from censuses conducted between 1897 and 1989.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:30588 Reddy,
Marlita A. Statistical record of native North
Americans. ISBN 0-8103-8963-0. 1993. lxvi, 1,661 pp. Gale
Research: Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
This is a compilation of
statistical data on the indigenous population of North America. "There
are twelve chapters on broad topics such as History, Demographics, and
The Family. Within these chapters, data are organized by topics. In
the chapter on Demographics, for instance, topics are Population,
Tribal Enrollment, Population Trends, Geographic Mobility, and Housing
and Household Characteristics. These topics are arranged in order from
broad to narrow coverage of data. Tables under each topic are arranged
in order of the scope of coverage. Data that compare Native Peoples to
other groups come first. Next are tables comparing Native Peoples to
each other. Finally, data on individual tribes or reservations (where
available) are presented. Canadian data are shown in a separate
chapter....Historical data are presented within a separate chapter when
the data are chronologically historical in nature...." A keyword index
is provided.
Correspondence: Gale Research, 835 Penobscot
Building, Detroit, MI 48226-4094. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
59:30589 Singh, K.
S. People of India: an introduction. National
Series, Vol. 1, ISBN 81-85579-09-1. 1992. 234 pp. Anthropological
Survey of India: Calcutta, India; Seagull Books: Calcutta, India. In
Eng.
This book is a product of the People of India Project, begun
in 1985, which attempted to generate a brief, descriptive
anthropological profile of all the communities of India. Some 4,635
ethnic groups or communities were identified during the project. This
introductory volume describes the project as a whole and the
publications generated by it. The information collected for each
population includes current size according to the census; language;
demographic characteristics, including fertility and mortality;
marriage patterns; family characteristics; economic activities; and
religion.
Correspondence: Seagull Books, 26 Circus Avenue,
1st floor, Calcutta 700 017, India. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
