59:20030 Champion,
A. G. Urban and regional demographic trends in the
developed world. Urban Studies, Vol. 29, No. 3-4, May 1992. 461-82
pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
This is the first in a planned
series of review essays on urban and regional demographic trends in
developed countries. Two recent trends are identified. "One is the
acceleration of population ageing, resulting primarily from the decline
in fertility rates since the early 1960s. The other relates to changes
in the size and composition of households consequent upon lower
fertility, rising divorce rates and other sources of household fission.
The remainder of the paper investigates the recent literature on the
changing urban and regional distribution of population, with particular
reference to the latest trends in concentration and
deconcentration...."
Correspondence: A. G. Champion,
University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Department of Geography, Newcastle
upon Tyne NE1 7RU, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (UES).
59:20031 Myers,
Dowell; Choi, Seong Youn. Growth in overcrowded housing:
a comparison of the states. Applied Demography, Vol. 7, No. 3,
Winter 1992. 1-4 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The present article
reports on a research project that is seeking greater understanding of
the prevalence of overcrowding [in the United States] and its causes.
First we review the definition of overcrowding and describe differences
between renters and owners. Next we document the state-by-state
variation in crowding levels among renters. Then we explore some of
the factors that may explain this
variation."
Correspondence: D. Myers, University of
Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:20032 Noin,
Daniel; Thumerelle, Pierre-Jean. The geographical study of
population. [L'etude geographique des populations.] Masson
Geographie, ISBN 2-225-83925-5. 1993. viii, 124 pp. Masson: Paris,
France. In Fre.
This book is an introduction to the study of the
geographical or spatial aspects of human populations. Chapters are
included on data sources, methods of demographic analysis, spatial
distribution, population characteristics, population dynamics,
migration, and modeling. The geographical scope is
worldwide.
Correspondence: Masson, 120 boulevard
Saint-Germain, 75280 Paris Cedex 06, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:20033 Al-Gabbani,
Mohammed. Population density pattern and change in the
city of Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. GeoJournal, Vol. 24, No. 4, Aug
1992. 375-85 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This paper
examines and assesses the changes in the population density pattern in
the city of Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia where the city has
undergone dramatic changes in its physical as well as its social
structure. Analysis of data revealed a decline in population density
at an exponential rate from the city center with variation between city
sectors and zones. The city's rapid horizontal expansion and dispersal
of population is the result of factors such as increases in city
population and in size and number of single family dwellings, widening
of streets, rise in income and residential mobility rates, mass use of
automobiles, change in family size, zoning regulations, leapfrogging,
and huge governmental city development
projects."
Correspondence: M. Al-Gabbani, King Saud
University, Department of Geography, POB 2456, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
59:20034 Alperovich,
Gershon; Deutsch, Joeseph. Population density gradients
and urbanisation measurement. Urban Studies, Vol. 29, No. 8, Dec
1992. 1,323-28 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"The exponential
density function has been used widely to describe and compare the
patterning of urban population. In this article it is argued that the
exponent within the function can be biassed by the misidentification of
the CBD [central business district] and of the centroids of census
tracts. Using a least-squares method it is shown that such
misspecification (of the location of the CBD) leads to an
underestimation of the gradient, and shows that the magnitude of the
bias is itself related to the extent of the distance error by which the
CBD is misidentified."
Correspondence: G. Alperovich,
Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
59:20035 Datta,
Abhijit. Indian policies on urbanisation and urban
development. Third World Planning Review, Vol. 14, No. 2, May
1992. 193-201 pp. Liverpool, England. In Eng.
"This article begins
by examining the rationale of [India's] national urbanisation policy
goals, before moving on to analyse some of the specific urban
development schemes....This is followed by a discussion of the
modifications which need to be made to India's urbanisation goals...."
The policy's three main objectives are to achieve "a) rural-urban mix
in regional development; b) distribution of urban size-classes; and c)
rural-urban distribution of public
services."
Correspondence: A. Datta, Indian Institute of
Public Administration, Indraprastha Estate, Ring Road East, New Delhi
110 002, India. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
59:20036 De Bartolo,
Giuseppe. Demographic trends and projections for
Calabria's towns. [Tendenze e prospettive demografiche delle citta
calabre.] Istituto di Ricerche sulla Popolazione Working Paper, No.
08/91, 1991. 56 pp. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di
Ricerche sulla Popolazione [IRP]: Rome, Italy. In Ita. with sum. in
Eng; Fre.
Data for Calabria, Italy, cover the period
1986-2016.
Correspondence: Consiglio Nazionale delle
Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerche sulla Popolazione, Viale Beethoven 56,
00144 Rome, Italy. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
59:20037 Gentelle,
Pierre. China: irresistible urbanization. [Chine:
l'irresistible urbanisation.] Problemes Politiques et Sociaux, Vol.
682, Jun 12, 1992. 61 pp. La Documentation Francaise: Paris, France. In
Fre.
This publication consists of four articles translated from the
original Chinese, together with comments from the compiler, on aspects
of urbanization in China. A common theme is the wide extent of the
rural exodus in China and the rapid pace of urbanization. Also noted
are the inadequacies of the available data and the problems the Chinese
authorities are facing in trying to control these
trends.
Correspondence: La Documentation Francaise, 22 quai
Voltaire, 75007 Paris, France. Location: U.S. Library of
Congress, Washington, D.C.
59:20038 Inoue,
Takashi. A new concept of the central point of intra-urban
population distribution. Jimbun-Chiri/Human Geography, Vol. 42,
No. 5, 1990. 1-17 pp. Kyoto, Japan. In Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
"This
paper presents a new measure of the central point of population using
two-dimensional normal distribution theory." The measure, called the
singular point of urban population, is illustrated using data for two
hypothetical cities and three actual Japanese cities in 1970, 1975, and
1980.
Location: University of Washington, Suzzallo Library,
Seattle, WA.
59:20039 Lucas, G.
H. G. Urbanisation of the RSA's population, 1985.
Research Report/Navorsingsverslag, No. 177, ISBN 0-947459-20-0. 1990.
vii, 154 pp. University of South Africa, Bureau of Market Research:
Pretoria, South Africa. In Eng.
The author examines levels and
trends in urbanization in South Africa using 1985 census data. Data
are in tabular format by ethnic group, with regional statistics
included in an appendix.
Correspondence: University of
South Africa, Bureau of Market Research, Box 392, Pretoria 0001, South
Africa. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:20040 Milicevic,
Goran. Postwar trends in urbanization. Yugoslav
Survey, Vol. 32, No. 1, 1991. 95-112 pp. Belgrade, Yugoslavia. In Eng.
Trends in urbanization in Yugoslavia are described for the period
since World War II using data from official sources. Particular
attention is given to differences in urbanization trends among the
constituent republics.
Correspondence: G. Milicevic,
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Faculty of Economics, Studentski trg 1, 11001
Belgrade 6, Yugoslavia. Location: Princeton University Library
(FST).
59:20041 Potter,
Robert B. Urbanization in the Caribbean and trends of
global convergence-divergence. Geographical Journal, Vol. 159, No.
1, Mar 1993. 1-21 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The author first
shows that the Caribbean is comparatively highly urbanized, and that
this trend toward urbanization occurred mainly since World War II. He
maintains that "contemporary Caribbean urbanization can only be
understood in terms of the joint processes of global
convergence-divergence. Convergence represents the universal adoption
of Western norms of consumption, whilst divergence connotes
increasingly varied production possibilities between nations owing to
the International Division of Labour. However, it is shown that owing
to the differential processes of conservation and dissolution of
traditional pre-capitalist forms, convergence on Western patterns of
consumption impacts upon different social groups within the Caribbean
region in a highly unequal manner."
Correspondence: R. B.
Potter, University of London, Department of Geography, Royal Holloway,
Centre for Developing Areas Research, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
59:20042 Qutub, Syed
A. Rapid population growth and urban problems in
Pakistan. Ambio, Vol. 21, No. 1, Feb 1992. 46-9 pp. Stockholm,
Sweden. In Eng.
The author examines whether interdisciplinary
differences of opinion regarding the consequences of population growth
and urbanization in developing countries can be resolved by adopting an
ecological approach. Data from two national policy studies conducted
in Pakistan in the 1980s are used to
illustrate.
Correspondence: S. A. Qutub, 41 Bhitai Road,
F-7/1, Islamabad, Pakistan. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
59:20043 Rowland,
Richard H. Urban settlement size trends in the former
USSR: 1970-1989. Post-Soviet Geography, Vol. 33, No. 1, Jan 1992.
34-48 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"Based upon recently
published data, this paper investigates urban settlement size trends in
the former USSR and its republics during the intercensal periods of
1970-1979 and 1979-1989. Results indicate that although a trend toward
largeness of the Soviet urban hierarchy continues, a slowing in this
direction has occurred. Among republics, all had an increasing trend
towards largeness on at least one and usually all three summary
measures of urban settlement size structure. The RSFSR [Russia] and
Armenia especially consistently evidenced a relatively high degree of
largeness, while the former Baltic republics generally revealed a
relative smallness."
Correspondence: R. H. Rowland,
California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino,
CA 92407. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
59:20044 Serow,
William J.; O'Cain, Steven M. The role of region and
coastal location in explaining metropolitan population growth
differentials during the 1980s. Review of Regional Studies, Vol.
22, No. 3, Winter 1992. 217-25 pp. Knoxville, Tennessee. In Eng.
"There has recently been some speculation that the physical
location of a community on the coast plays an equal or even more
important role than does region in terms of the importance of geography
upon population growth. This paper explores in empirical fashion the
relative importance of coastal siting, as well as location, in the
South or West, along with variables measuring economic base and
demographic structure in explaining the relative rates of population
growth in American metropolitan areas from 1980 to
1990."
Correspondence: W. J. Serow, Florida State
University, Center for the Study of Population, Tallahassee, FL
32306-4063. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
59:20045 Singh,
Ajit. Urbanisation, poverty and employment: the large
metropolis in the third world. Contributions to Political Economy,
Vol. 11, 1992. 15-40 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The main purpose
of this paper is to provide an overall review of the chief analytical
as well as economic policy issues in relation to Third World cities in
the light of the available theoretical and empirical studies on
urbanisation, poverty and employment in the developing
countries....Part I...provides basic information on urbanisation in the
Third World...[and] outlines the nature and extent of urban poverty in
these large cities and considers the impact of the world economic
crisis on the urban poor. Part II of the paper discusses the most
important structural features of urbanisation in relation to economic
development....Finally, Part III briefly examines policy issues in
relation to urbanisation and poverty in the Third World's large
cities."
Correspondence: A. Singh, Cambridge University,
Queens' College, Cambridge CB3 9ET, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
59:20046 Smith,
David M. The apartheid city and beyond; urbanization and
social change in South Africa. ISBN 0-415-07601-3. LC 91-39303.
1992. xii, 322 pp. Routledge: New York, New York/London, England;
Witwatersrand University Press: Johannesburg, South Africa. In Eng.
"This volume provides a series of original contributions on a
variety of topics related to urbanization and social change in South
Africa....The content of this book has been chosen to exemplify and
illuminate various issues concerning the past, present and future of
the South African city....The book is divided into five parts....Part
One comprises an historical overview of urbanization in South Africa,
and a review of the changing context of urban and regional government.
Part Two brings together pieces on various aspects of housing and
community, as imposed, struggled over and reconstructed under
apartheid. Part Three provides case studies of informal settlement.
Part Four looks at the servicing of cities, including the informal
economy, travel, tourism and health care. Part Five turns to the
post-apartheid city, considering some of its challenges (or problems)
and precedents from which the prospect for change might be judged.
There is a brief editorial conclusion."
Correspondence:
Routledge, 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
59:20047 Sommer,
Jack; Hicks, Donald A. Rediscovering urban America:
perspectives on the 1980s. Jan 1993. iii, [443] pp. U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development, Office of Policy
Development and Research: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The papers in
this volume were originally prepared at the request of the U.S.
Department of Housing and Urban Development to serve as the basis for
the President's National Urban Policy Report for 1992. The authors were
asked to review trends in urban areas during the 1980s. The papers
cover a number of the most important aspects of urban areas:
population and growth change, employment patterns, housing conditions,
and new directions in policy by governments at all levels." Data are
from many sources, including the 1990 census. Since the 1992
President's report was never completed, "the present volume has been
produced to provide as much information as possible, both to the
incoming administration as a basis for the [planned] 1993 report and to
the public in general to facilitate understanding and discussion of
urban trends during the 1980s as a basis for policy development during
the 1990s."
Correspondence: U.S. Department of Housing and
Urban Development, Office of Policy Development and Research,
Washington, D.C. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
59:20048 Stren,
Richard; White, Rodney; Whitney, Joseph. Sustainable
cities: urbanization and the environment in international
perspective. ISBN 0-8133-8169-X. LC 91-9085. 1992. viii, 365 pp.
Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In Eng.
These
papers were originally presented at a colloquium on Human Settlements
and Sustainable Development held in Toronto, Canada, in June 1990. The
focus is on the implications of contemporary urbanization for the
future of the global environment. "To assess whether cities can be
sustainable in environmental terms, the book brings together
comprehensive studies of the urban experience in nine major countries
and regions: the United States, Canada, Western Europe, Eastern
Europe, Japan, Southeast Asia, China and Hong Kong, Africa, and Latin
America. The chapters examine the meaning of sustainable development
in a specific region, the growth and structure of urban systems, the
effects of possible climatic changes on urban areas, the political
environment within which cities operate, and the pressures caused by
intense urban use of services and natural resources. Chapters conclude
with policy proposals for increasing
sustainability."
Correspondence: Westview Press, 5500
Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301-2847. Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
No citations in this issue.
