58:40041 Barke,
Michael; Sowden, Clive. Population change in Tanzania,
1978-88: a preliminary analysis. Scottish Geographical Magazine,
Vol. 108, No. 1, Apr 1992. 9-16 pp. Edinburgh, Scotland. In Eng.
"Preliminary results from the Tanzanian census of 1988 are examined
against the background of two decades of policies attempting to
influence the distribution of population within the country. The
overall rate of population increase has slowed down, as has the rate of
urban population growth....[Apart from the capital, Dar es Salaam,]
urban areas continue to grow very rapidly....A degree of population
dispersal is also evident, as a number of formerly lightly populated
areas have recorded large percentage increases in population. A major
cause for concern is that many of these areas have demonstrated various
aspects of environmental degradation for some time. It is concluded
that spatial planning policies have had only a limited impact upon the
regional distribution of population in Tanzania in the 1978-88 period,
and that 'spontaneous' processes have been far more
significant."
Correspondence: M. Barke, Newcastle upon Tyne
Polytechnic, Department of Environment, Lipman Building, Newcastle upon
Tyne NE1 8ST, England. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
58:40042 Culliton,
Thomas J.; Warren, Maureen A.; Goodspeed, Timothy R.; Remer, Davida G.;
Blackwell, Carol M.; McDonough, John J. 50 years of
population change along the nation's coasts, 1960-2010. Coastal
Trends Series, No. 2, LC 90-601689. Apr 1990. 41 pp. U.S. National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Ocean Assessments Division,
Strategic Assessment Branch: Rockville, Maryland. In Eng.
This
report examines changes and projections in the population of the
coastal regions of the United States, including regions bordering the
great lakes, over the period 1960-2010 using data from official
sources.
Correspondence: U.S. National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, Ocean Assessments Division, Strategic
Assessment Branch, 6001 Executive Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20852.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:40043 Friedrich,
K. Spatial patterns and planning consequences of the
demographic aging process. [Raumliche Muster und
regionalplanerische Konsequenzen des demographischen Alternsprozesses.]
Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie, Vol. 24, No. 5, Sep-Oct 1991. 257-65 pp.
Darmstadt, Germany. In Ger. with sum. in Eng.
The spatial
dimensions of the relationship between the elderly and their
environment are examined in urban, suburban, and rural areas of the
Rhine-Main agglomeration in Germany, using data from interviews with
750 elderly people. "The majority of the target population and,
especially, the rural elderly is characterized by traditional patterns
of spatial organization and distribution, mobility, regional
attachment, and a concern about preserving the stability of their
current residential environment from changes. The suburban and urban
seniors, however, exhibit a greater amount of locational flexibility
and utility-oriented behavior patterns." The focus is on the
implications of the study for regional
planning.
Correspondence: K. Friedrich, Technische
Hochschule Darmstadt, Geographisches Institut, Schnittspahnstrasse 9,
6100 Darmstadt, Germany. Location: U.S. National Library of
Medicine, Bethesda, MD.
58:40044 Humphrey,
Craig R. A regional shift in population: explaining
post-World War II trends and projections influencing the industrial
belt of the U.S. In: Migration, population structure, and
redistribution policies, edited by Calvin Goldscheider. 1992. 281-302
pp. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Broad [U.S.] trends and projections for the regional distribution
of population and employment opportunities are identified to show the
demographic and economic contexts in which states and local communities
in the industrial belt have formulated and will continue to formulate
development strategies to cope with challenges posed by regional and
international competition for jobs, residents, and capital investment.
We draw heavily on recent work on state and regional demographic
projections published by the U.S. Bureau of the Census...." Three
different patterns are described, and pertinent literature is
cited.
Correspondence: C. R. Humphrey, Pennsylvania State
University, Department of Sociology, 211 Oswald Tower, University Park,
PA 16802. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:40045 Morrill,
Richard. Population redistribution within metropolitan
regions in the 1980s: core, satellite, and exurban growth. Growth
and Change, Vol. 23, No. 3, Summer 1992. 277-302 pp. Lexington,
Kentucky. In Eng.
"This paper evaluates the hypothesis that the
growth experiences of core parts of metropolitan areas [in the United
States] tend to predict the growth of satellite, exurban, and even more
distant non-metropolitan areas. Particular attention is paid to
evidence of spillover of growth into adjacent smaller metropolises and
smaller cities, and to the hypothesis that spillover is especially
marked in areas of rapid growth, growth restrictions, and housing price
inflation. The hypotheses are supported by 1980-1990 patterns of
change, as is the continuing attractiveness of exurban and
non-metropolitan environmental amenities."
Correspondence:
R. Morrill, University of Washington, Department of Geography and
Environmental Studies, Seattle, WA 98195. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
58:40046 Schuler,
Martin; Huissoud, Therese. The 1980s: demographic trends
reversed. [Les annees 80: les tendances demographiques
inversees.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Volkswirtschaft und
Statistik/Revue Suisse d'Economie Politique et de Statistique/Swiss
Journal of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 128, No. 3, Sep 1992. 383-97
pp. Bern, Switzerland. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Ger.
Some recent
changes in the spatial distribution of the population of Switzerland
are analyzed. The authors suggest that "a new equilibrium is taking
shape within the repartition of the Swiss population....Especially the
interregional migration flows do not seem to have spatial preferences
any longer, if we consider the total figures and not their demographic
and socio-economic structure. The dichotomy center-periphery is
slowing down, but the explanation of the pattern of population
distribution lies in an analysis of micro-processus which seems to show
a deep change; the population segregation within agglomerations is
growing."
Correspondence: M. Schuler, IREC, EPFL, CP 555,
CH-1001 Lausanne, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
58:40047 Becker,
Charles M.; Williamson, Jeffrey G.; Mills, Edwin S. Indian
urbanization and economic growth since 1960. Johns Hopkins Studies
in Development, ISBN 0-8018-4179-8. LC 90-28392. 1992. xiv, 328 pp.
Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore, Maryland/London, England. In
Eng.
Trends in urbanization in India and their relationship to
economic growth since 1960 are analyzed. The authors use the technique
of general equilibrium analysis to identify the interactions among
cities and rural areas in India, and between India and the rest of the
world. Specifically, they develop a model of the Indian experience
since 1960 that estimates the economy as it was and allows for the
production of different scenarios. The results indicate that although
rapid urban population growth occurred during that decade, there has
been a decline in urban labor force growth rates since then. India's
relatively slow urban growth can be explained partly by unfavorable
economic and demographic conditions, but is primarily attributed "to
structural and institutional arrangements that make city growth less
responsive to favorable conditions than is true of the rest of the
Third World." The authors suggest that the slowdown in the rate of
urban growth will continue into the 1990s.
Correspondence:
Johns Hopkins University Press, 701 West 40th Street, Baltimore, MD
21211-2190. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
58:40048 Chen,
Jinyong. The distinguishing features of urbanization in
socialist countries. Chinese Journal of Population Science, Vol.
3, No. 3, 1991. 167-78 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Urbanization
in developing socialist countries (DSC) is described and compared with
urban growth in market-economy countries. The author finds that "the
common characteristics of DSC urbanization are mainly composed of
two...factors: firstly, they all use a similar set of economic
development models. This set of models is different from the
development models of capitalist countries. Secondly, compared with
population movement in a so-called 'state of anarchy' in an urban
economy, socialist countries stress that population movement, just like
the deployment of other productive force elements, must submit to
central economic planning, and population movement should occur in a
'planned' way."
Correspondence: J. Chen, University of Hong
Kong, Department of Geography and Geology, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:40049 Firman,
Tommy. The spatial pattern of urban population growth in
Java, 1980-1990. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, Vol. 28,
No. 2, Aug 1992. 95-109 pp. Canberra, Australia. In Eng.
"The
emergence of fast-growing peri-urban regions and corridors joining
large cities has been a feature of rapid urban growth in Asia in the
last fifty years. These areas have been characterised by a mixture of
urban and rural activities and by strong rural-urban linkages. This
paper uses data from the 1980 and 1990 Indonesian Censuses to measure
the extent to which this process has been occurring on Java in the
intervening decade. It calculates and categorises the absolute and
proportional increase in the urban populations of each kabupaten in
Java, and examines some of the reasons for the emerging patterns. The
paper concludes with a discussion of the policy implications of the
findings."
Correspondence: T. Firman, Bandung Institute of
Technology, Jalan Tamansari 64, Bandung 40132, Indonesia.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
58:40050 Frey,
William H.; Speare, Alden. The revival of metropolitan
population growth in the United States: an assessment of findings from
the 1990 census. Population and Development Review, Vol. 18, No.
1, Mar 1992. 129-46, 206, 208 pp. New York, New York. In Eng. with sum.
in Fre; Spa.
"In this article we assess metropolitan-area growth
patterns in the United States during the 1980s as revealed by 1990
census data. We evaluate these patterns against various explanations
that were proposed to account for the altered developed-world
redistribution tendencies of the 1970s....Urbanization reasserted
itself after the 'rural renaissance' of the 1970s....U.S. metropolitan
areas once again grew faster than nonmetropolitan areas, and the
geography of metropolitan growth displayed some rearrangement. Rapid
growth in the South and West continued, but its pace slowed
considerably in the interior parts of these regions. Large coastal
metropolitan areas showed the steadiest
gains."
Correspondence: W. H. Frey, University of Michigan,
Population Studies Center, 1225 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI
48109-1070. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:40051 Frey,
William H.; Speare, Alden. U.S. metropolitan area
population growth 1960-1990: census trends and explanations.
Population Studies Center Research Report, No. 91-212, May 1991. 30,
[14] pp. University of Michigan, Population Studies Center: Ann Arbor,
Michigan. In Eng.
"This paper presents an assessment of 1980-90
[U.S.] metropolitan area growth patterns and their explanations, based
on the analysis of recently released 1990 Census data. It contrasts
the 1980s growth experiences of the nation's 284 metropolitan areas
(CMSAs and MSAs) with their experiences over two previous decades. It
also compares their growth experiences between 1980-85 and
1985-90."
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented
at the 1991 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: University of Michigan, Population
Studies Center, 1225 South University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI
48109-1070. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:40052 Gugler,
Josef. The urbanization of the Third World. ISBN
0-19-823260-8. LC 87-31385. 1988. xi, 421 pp. Oxford University Press:
New York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
This is a collection of
seven interdisciplinary studies by various authors on aspects of
urbanization in developing countries. The studies cover "the
distinctive characteristics of rapid urban growth in the Third World;
the relationship between the urban and the rural sector; rural-urban
migration as it relates to the urban labour market; the housing
question; survival strategies in the city; forms of integration and
social control; and the politics played out in the urban
arena."
Correspondence: Oxford University Press, Walton
Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (FST).
58:40053 Kasarda,
John D.; Crenshaw, Edward M. Third World urbanization:
dimensions, theories, and determinants. Annual Review of
Sociology, Vol. 17, 1991. 467-501 pp. Palo Alto, California. In Eng.
"Few aspects of international social change have generated as much
scholarship as patterns of urbanization in the Third World. In this
review of interdisciplinary research, we first trace the trends and
dimensions of urbanization in developing countries and then discuss
major theories guiding global urban studies. Second, we review and
critique recent cross-national investigations of the determinants of
urbanization and its dimensions, concluding that severe
underspecification, the dearth of comparative statistics on critical
dimensions, and the ambiguity of proxy variables hinder research in
this area. Finally, we discuss issues that warrant additional
investigation in the near future."
Correspondence: J. D.
Kasarda, University of North Carolina, Department of Sociology, Chapel
Hill, NC 27599. Location: Princeton University Library
(SSRC).
58:40054 Lappo, G.
M. Urban policy in Russia: a geographic perspective.
Post-Soviet Geography, Vol. 33, No. 8, Oct 1992. 516-32 pp. Silver
Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
The author "describes current features of
the Russian urban settlement system, recounts erroneous planning
practices of the past, and prescribes changes for the improvement of
settlement planning in the future. [Included] are tables, disaggregated
to the economic regional level, showing spatial variations in the
number of new cities registered over the period 1927-1989. In [a]
modification of conventional former Soviet thinking, a case is made in
favor of such processes as polarization of space, agglomeration,
spontaneous transformation of urban economic profiles, and place-based
rather than norm-based planning."
Correspondence: G. M.
Lappo, Institute of Geography, Moscow, Russia. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
58:40055 May,
Richard. The urbanization revolution: planning a new
agenda for human settlements. Urban Innovation Abroad, ISBN
0-306-43222-6. LC 89-3861. 1989. xv, 271 pp. Plenum Press: New York,
New York/London, England. In Eng.
This is a selection of articles
by various authors on aspects of urbanization in developing countries.
A common theme linking the 21 papers is current thought about the best
ways development aid agencies can help governments tackle the problems
caused by rapid urbanization. The main topics under which the papers
are organized are: new commitments to shelter and national development
policies; mobilizing resources for urban housing, infrastructure, and
finance; small towns in the development process; changing priorities
for consultants, donors, clients, and counterparts; and new roles for
communities, organizations, and planning
educators.
Correspondence: Plenum Press, 233 Spring Street,
New York, NY 10013. Location: Princeton University Library
(UES).
58:40056 Mazur,
Robert E. Challenges confronting South Africa's separate
development: the legacy of segregation and displaced
urbanization. In: Migration, population structure, and
redistribution policies, edited by Calvin Goldscheider. 1992. 181-205
pp. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This research has two...goals. The first is to identify the
magnitude and variability of the dimensions of institutionalized
segregation [in South Africa]. This involves describing patterns of
urbanization at the national and regional levels, particularly the
degree of suppressed or 'displaced' urbanization among the African
population. We can then evaluate the effects of apartheid's
urbanization and related policies on the socioeconomic development of
the African population....The second goal is to outline the principal
implications of these findings for South Africa in which the possible
political configurations range from democratic non-racialism with a
mixed economy to a decentralized federal structure with a capitalist
economy in which existing privileges are
maintained."
Correspondence: R. E. Mazur, Iowa State
University, Department of Sociology, Ames, IA 50011.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:40057 Mills,
Edwin S.; McDonald, John F.; McLean, Mary L. Sources of
metropolitan growth. ISBN 0-88285-135-7. LC 91-8650. 1992. xxvii,
307 pp. Rutgers University, Center for Urban Policy Research: New
Brunswick, New Jersey. In Eng.
This book is based on papers
delivered at a symposium on determinants of metropolitan growth and
development, held in Evanston, Illinois, November 13-14, 1989. The
approach is interdisciplinary, with emphasis on geography and regional
economics. The geographical focus is on the United
States.
Correspondence: Rutgers University, Center for
Urban Policy Research, Building 4051, Kilmer Campus, New Brunswick, NJ
08903. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
58:40058 Oberai, A.
S. Urban population growth, employment and poverty in
developing countries: a conceptual framework for policy analysis.
In: Consequences of rapid population growth in developing countries.
1991. 191-218 pp. Taylor and Francis: New York, New York/London,
England. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to provide a
conceptual framework for the analysis of the main policy issues in the
context of available theoretical and empirical studies on urbanization,
employment, and poverty in developing countries. The paper is divided
into five sections. After a brief introduction, [the] second section
discusses the structural features of urbanization in relation to
economic development. It also examines the major sources of urban
growth and spatial concentration and analyses the conflict between
economic efficiency and decentralization. The third section assesses
the implications of rapid urban growth for employment generation and
poverty alleviation. In particular, it examines the effects of labour
force growth on labour market structure and assesses the role of the
informal sector in employment promotion. The fourth section discusses
the relationship between urban low productivity and poverty. And
finally, the last section summarizes the main conclusions and suggests
priority areas for further policy
research."
Correspondence: A. S. Oberai, International
Labour Office, Employment Planning and Population Branch, CH-1211
Geneva 22, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
58:40059 Pushka,
Asllan. Population growth in the cities of Kosovo.
[Porast stanovnistva kosovskih gradova.] Stanovnistvo, Vol. 28-29, No.
3-4/1-2, Jul-Dec/Jan-Jun 1990-1991. 117-87 pp. Belgrade, Yugoslavia. In
Scr. with sum. in Eng.
Population growth in the cities of Kosovo,
Yugoslovia, from 1950 to the present is examined. The author finds
that "the main factors behind the increase in population in the cities
of Kosovo are: industrial growth, cultural improvement and educational
attainments of its population."
Correspondence: A. Pushka,
Univerziteta u Pristini, Prirodno-matematicki Fakultet, M. Tito 53,
38000 Pristini, Yugoslavia. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
58:40060 Samuel, M.
Johnson. Some aspects of Bangalore's growth
1941-1991. Journal of Institute of Economic Research, Vol. 26, No.
1-2, Jan-Jul 1991. 1-16 pp. Dharwad, India. In Eng.
"Relying on
census data from 1941 to 1991, the study examines the patterns of
population growth in Bangalore city [India] and its extensions. To the
extent possible, data have been adjusted for boundary shifts and
changes in the definition of workers. After assessing the contribution
of migration to the growth of Bangalore, the paper reviews the changes
that have taken place in the economic base of Bangalore. The paper
notes that urban infrastructure development has not kept pace with
population growth."
Correspondence: M. J. Samuel, Institute
for Social and Economic Change, Bangalore 560 072, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:40061 Schaeffer,
Peter. The consequences of demographic trends for urban
growth. [Auswirkungen demographischer Entwicklung auf das
Stadtewachstum.] Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Volkswirtschaft und
Statistik/Revue Suisse d'Economie Politique et de Statistique/Swiss
Journal of Economics and Statistics, Vol. 128, No. 3, Sep 1992. 369-81
pp. Bern, Switzerland. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"The large
cities of Switzerland have lost population for the last twenty to
thirty years. Now it appears that the number of employers and jobs may
also start to stagnate, or even decline. At the present time the large
Swiss cities have a population with an unbalanced demographic and
economic structure....It is important that the cities remember that
their inhabitants are part of the tax base and try to achieve a
population structure that will not burden them in the effort to compete
in a changing economic environment. Failure to do so could result in
long-term economic decline for some core
cities."
Correspondence: P. Schaeffer, University of
Colorado, Urban and Regional Planning Program, Campus Box 126, P.O. Box
173364, Denver, CO 80217-3364. Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
58:40062 Sokolov,
Andrei K. From the countryside to the cities: a
comparative historical analysis of rural-urban migration in Russia and
in the Soviet Union during the industrialization drive. Historical
Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung, Vol. 16, No. 2; 58, 1991.
110-27 pp. Cologne, Germany. In Eng.
The author analyzes the rapid
process of urbanization (which involved large-scale rural-urban
migration) that occurred in the USSR during its industrialization
during the 1930s. Data are from official Soviet sources, including the
censuses of 1918, 1926, and 1939. The author examines factors that
attracted migrants to cities as well as those that drove them from the
countryside. The system of internal passports and residence stamps
that was developed to control internal migration is
described.
Correspondence: A. K. Sokolov, Institute of
History of the USSR, 117036 Dm. Uljanova 19, Moscow, Russia.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
58:40063
Berlan-Darque, Martine; Collomb, Philippe. Rural
population--rural vitality. Sociologia Ruralis, Vol. 31, No. 4,
1991. 252-61 pp. Assen, Netherlands. In Eng.
The state of rural
demography is explored, with a focus on the general lack of interest
among demographers in studying rural populations. Consideration is
given to problems in constructing standard definitions of rural
populations, given the great geographical diversity of rural ares
around the world. Recent trends in rural-urban migration are also
examined.
Correspondence: M. Berlan-Darque, Institut
National de la Recherche Agronomique, 147 rue de l'Universite, 75007
Paris, France. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
58:40064 Lenain,
Jacques. The future of rural societies. [Le devenir
du monde rural.] ISBN 2-11-052779-X. 1991. 238 pp. Institut National de
la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques [INSEE], Direction Regionale
du Limousin: Paris, France. In Fre.
This study is concerned with
demographic trends in rural France, based on data from the 1982 census,
with particular reference to the region of Limousin and the district of
Aubusson. The author looks at the causes of rural depopulation and the
steps that can be taken to slow or reverse this
process.
Correspondence: Institut National de la
Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, 18 Adolphe Pinard, 75675 Paris
Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
58:40065 Stockdale,
Aileen. Residential mobility in rural areas of population
growth. Pub. Order No. BRDX96513. 1991. 639 pp. University
Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
This study
examines the impact of turnaround migration to rural Northern Ireland
on its spatial distribution. It was prepared as a doctoral
dissertation at the University of Ulster, Northern
Ireland.
Correspondence: University Microfilms
International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106-1364.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 53(3).
58:40066 Zhai,
Zhenwu. A historical review of China's rural economic
development and population growth. Population Research, Vol. 8,
No. 3, Sep 1991. 1-10 pp. Beijing, China. In Eng.
Population growth
trends in rural China since 1949 and the effects of economic
development during this period are discussed. Consideration is given to
agricultural outputs, investments in agricultural capital consumption,
and rural economic reforms. Some policy implications are
described.
Correspondence: Z. Zhai, People's University of
China, Institute of Population Research, 39 Haidian Road, Beijing,
China. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
