58:20395 Allen,
Douglas W. Marriage and divorce: comment. American
Economic Review, Vol. 82, No. 3, Jun 1992. 679-93 pp. Nashville,
Tennessee. In Eng.
The author comments on an article by H.
Elizabeth Peters concerning the impact of state laws, particularly
no-fault divorce laws, on divorce rates in the United States. A reply
by Peters is included (pp. 686-93).
For the article by Peters,
published in 1986, see 52:30473.
Correspondence: D. W.
Allen, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
58:20396
Audinarayana, N.; Senthilnayaki, M. Socio-economic
characteristics influencing age at marriage in a Tamil Nadu
village. Journal of Family Welfare, Vol. 36, No. 1, Mar 1990.
48-55 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
Data from a survey of 415 women
living in a village in Tamil Nadu, India, are analyzed to ascertain the
impact of socioeconomic status on marriage age. "It may be concluded
that all the socio-economic characteristics under consideration viz.,
educational status, occupational status and economic status of the
children (respondent and husbands) and of their fathers, exerted a
significant positive influence on the age at marriage of the
respondents and their husbands."
Correspondence: N.
Audinarayana, Bharathiar University, Department of Population Studies,
Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641 046, India. Location: Population
Council Library, New York, NY.
58:20397 Bhagat, R.
B.; Unisa, S. Religion, caste/tribe and marriage age of
females in India: a study based on recent census data. Journal of
Family Welfare, Vol. 37, No. 1, Mar 1991. 17-22 pp. Bombay, India. In
Eng.
"The present paper makes an attempt to study the influence of
religion and caste/tribe status on the age at marriage for females [in
India] in the light of recent data available from the 1981 census."
The positive impact of economic and educational investments on raising
marriage age is noted.
Correspondence: R. B. Bhagat,
Maharshi Dayanand University, Department of Geography, Rohtak 124 001,
Haryana, India. Location: Population Council Library, New
York, NY.
58:20398 Bittles,
Alan H. Consanguinity: a major variable in studies on
North African reproductive behavior, morbidity and mortality? In:
Demographic and Health Surveys World Conference, August 5-7, 1991,
Washington, D.C.: proceedings. Volume 1. 1991. 321-41 pp. Institute
for Resource Development/Macro International, Demographic and Health
Surveys [DHS]: Columbia, Maryland. In Eng.
"The initial aim of this
paper is to draw together information on the rates of consanguineous
marriage in North Africa....The effects of inbreeding on reproductive
behavior, and on postnatal morbidity and mortality in the progeny of
these unions, are then determined....Data on the incidence of
consanguineous marriages were obtained as an integral component of
investigations into the reproductive record of ever-married women age
15 to 49 years in Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia." Data from surveys for
other North African Countries are included for comparative
purposes.
Correspondence: A. H. Bittles, University of
London, London WC1E 7HU, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
58:20399 Chen,
Xiangming; Dai, Kejing; Parnell, Allan. Disaster tradition
and change: remarriage and family reconstruction in a post-earthquake
community in the People's Republic of China. Journal of
Comparative Family Studies, Vol. 23, No. 1, Spring 1992. 115-32 pp.
Calgary, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"On July 28, 1976,
a devastating earthquake struck the Chinese city of Tangshan, killing
over 200,000 and injuring more than 160,000 people. Following this
disaster, researchers...began studying the reconstruction of the
survivors' families through rapid and extensive remarriage....This
paper presents perspectives and evidence on why so many remarriages
occurred in a society where remarriage was traditionally considered a
violation of established norms. It also examines why some widows and
widowers...remained unmarried."
Correspondence: X. Chen,
University of Illinois, Department of Sociology, Box 4348, Chicago, IL
60680. Location: Princeton University Library (SSA).
58:20400
DellaPergola, Sergio. Recent trends in Jewish
marriage. In: World Jewish population: trends and policies,
edited by Sergio DellaPergola and Leah Cohen. 1992. 65-92 pp. Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Division of
Jewish Demography and Statistics: Jerusalem, Israel; Ministry of Labour
and Social Affairs, Demographic Center: Jerusalem, Israel. In Eng.
Recent nuptiality trends among Jewish populations around the world
are analyzed. Sections are included on marriage propensities, divorce,
and intermarriage and conversion. The results indicate a general
weakening and decline of traditional Jewish marriage
patterns.
Correspondence: S. DellaPergola, Hebrew
University of Jerusalem, Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Mount Scopus
Campus, Jerusalem 91905, Israel. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
58:20401
Friedlander, Dov. The British depression and
nuptiality: 1873-1896. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Vol.
23, No. 1, Summer 1992. 19-37 pp. Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
The author analyzes trends in nuptiality in England and Wales
between 1873 and 1896 using two kinds of data: cross-sectional
socioeconomic and demographic data taken primarily from the census, and
a time series of national data from various sources. "My demographic
analysis of the patterns of nuptiality levels demonstrates that a
decline occurred and that it was related to the deterioration of the
standard of living of the population." He also concludes that
"economic fluctuations in the feasibility of marriage provide the major
explanation for variation from the historically low Western European
nuptiality levels."
Correspondence: D. Friedlander, Hebrew
University, Department of Demography, Mount Scopus, 91905 Jerusalem,
Israel. Location: Princeton University Library (SH).
58:20402 Guest,
Philip. Marital dissolution and development in
Indonesia. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, Vol. 23, No. 1,
Spring 1992. 95-113 pp. Calgary, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"In this study we utilize World Fertility Survey data for the
Indonesian islands of Java and Bali to establish the incidence of
marital dissolution, to examine how the incidence has changed over
time, and to analyze the covariates of the timing and probability of
divorce. The findings suggest that declines in divorce can be largely
attributed to development processes that have increased levels of
educational attainment and resulted in later ages of marriage."
This
is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1989 Annual
Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: P. Guest, Australian National
University, Division of Demography and Sociology, GPO Box 4, Canberra,
ACT 2601, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library
(SSA).
58:20403 Hassan,
Amal F. M. Marriage stability and its impact on fertility
in Egypt, 1984. In: Studies in African and Asian demography: CDC
Annual Seminar, 1990. 1991. 175-215 pp. Cairo Demographic Centre:
Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
This study examines factors affecting
nuptiality in Egypt. "Bivariate analysis is used as a starting point to
establish the relationship between socio-economic, demographic
variables and nuptiality factors, namely first marriage stability and
remarriage. In addition, step-wise regression analysis is adopted to
identify the determinants of...first marriage dissolution by divorce
and [by] remarriage. Path analysis technique is utilized to measure
the direct as well as indirect effect that each variable has upon
achieved fertility level."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
58:20404 Hoem, Jan
M. Improved indirect standardization and its application
to divorce risk in Sweden (1971-1989). [La standardisation
indirecte amelioree et son application a la divortialite en Suede
(1971-1989).] Population, Vol. 46, No. 6, Nov-Dec 1991. 1,551-68 pp.
Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"In this report, we
analyze trends and patterns of divorce risks in Sweden in the 1970s and
1980s, and display differential developments by parity and by age at
marriage and order of marriage. Standard patterns are verified, such
as a general decrease in divorce risk with increasing parity and
elevated risks for the remarried and for those who marry young....The
analysis is carried out by a systematic use of an improved form of
indirect standardization, and it demonstrates once more the usefulness
of combining classical demographic techniques of analysis with the
notions of modern statistical theory."
Correspondence: J.
M. Hoem, University of Stockholm, Demography Unit, Stockholm S-106 91,
Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20405 Hoem, Jan
M. Trends and patterns in Swedish divorce risks 1971-1989:
a case of modern demographic analysis. Stockholm Research Reports
in Demography, No. 64, ISBN 91-7146-967-2. Jan 1992. 51 pp. Stockholm
University, Section of Demography: Stockholm, Sweden. In Eng.
This
is "an analysis of trends and patterns of divorce risks in Sweden in
the 1970s and 1980s, which displays differential developments by parity
and by age at marriage and order of marriage. Standard patterns are
verified, such as a general decrease in divorce risk with increasing
parity and elevated risks for the remarried and for those who marry
young. A permanent super-risk for the latter group as the marriage
matures is interpreted as a lasting effect of negative selection into
marriage at young ages. On the other hand, the super-risks of divorce
at parity 0 over that at parity 1 disappear after a marital duration of
some ten years....The analysis is carried out by a systematic use of an
improved form of indirect standardization, and it demonstrates once
more the usefulness of combining classical demographic techniques of
analysis with the notions of modern statistical
theory."
Correspondence: Stockholm University, Demography
Unit, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
58:20406 Juarez,
Fatima. The link between demographic events: a study of
nuptiality patterns. [La vinculacion de eventos demograficos: un
estudio sobre los patrones de nupcialidad.] Estudios Demograficos y
Urbanos, Vol. 5, No. 3, Sep-Dec 1990. 453-77, 821 pp. Mexico City,
Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
The author examines links between
the timing of various major life events (including women's age at
marriage and the spacing of children) and the economic and urban
development of a society, using Mexico as an example. The focus is on
marriage patterns. She finds that nuptiality influences rural-urban
migration for women, as do age and socioeconomic factors and husband's
employment status. Data are from the Mexican Fertility Survey for the
period 1976-1977.
Correspondence: F. Juarez, El Colegio de
Mexico, Centro de Estudios Demograficos y de Desarrollo Urbano, Camino
al Ajusco 20, 10740 Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20407 Landers,
Robert K. Are Americans still in love with marriage?
Editorial Research Reports, Vol. 1, No. 25, Jul 6, 1990. 382-91, 393-4
pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
Recent trends in marriage patterns in
the United States are reviewed using data from published studies. The
author notes increases in marriage age, the number of consensual
unions, divorces, and births outside of marriage.
Location:
Princeton University Library (DR).
58:20408 Legare,
Jacques; Desjardins, Bertrand. One-parent families: a
modern concept or an old reality. [La monoparentalite: un concept
moderne, une realite ancienne.] Population, Vol. 46, No. 6, Nov-Dec
1991. 1,677-87 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
Trends in the prevalence and characteristics of single-parent
families in Canada during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries are
studied. The authors find that "in 70 per cent of first marriages
which had terminated (we exclude unmarried mothers) we found a
single-parent household, with at least one dependent child under the
age of 25....The state of single parenthood lasted on average six years
after which it was ended by the death or the remarriage of the
surviving parent, or because the last surviving child had left
home....Finally, in 20 per cent of single-parent families, minor
children became double orphans, with an average of three children per
family."
Correspondence: J. Legare, Universite de Montreal,
Departement de Demographie, Groupe de Recherche sur la Demographie
Quebecoise, CP 6128, Succursale A, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20409 Pavon,
Norma P. Is the marriage market unbalanced? The case of
Mexico in 1980. [El mercado matrimonial en desbalance? El caso de
Mexico en 1980.] Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos, Vol. 5, No. 3,
Sep-Dec 1990. 503-33, 822-3 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum.
in Eng.
"The objective of this article is to present the results
obtained when estimating how balanced, in numerical terms, the Mexican
population of marriageable age [12 to 50 years old] was in 1980, in
relation to its structure by age and sex, as well as the timing of its
nuptiality. This estimate was made for both the state and national
levels, using as a source of information the 1980
Census...."
Correspondence: N. P. Pavon, El Colegio de
Mexico, Centro de Estudios Demograficos y de Desarrollo Urbano, Camino
al Ajusco 20, 10740 Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20410 Peron,
Yves. Period indexes of nuptiality for single
individuals. [Les indices du moment de la nuptialite des
celibataires.] Population, Vol. 46, No. 6, Nov-Dec 1991. 1,429-40 pp.
Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
Two methods for
measuring nuptiality of single persons are described. The author
analyzes and compares age-specific marriage rates and nuptiality tables
from the period 1930-1987 for cohorts of Canadian women. "The two
methods not only give different results, they are useful for different
purposes; whereas the sum of age-specific marriage rates can be used to
trace movements in the number of marriages resulting from the link
which exists between present and past nuptiality, current nuptiality
tables provide information about the nuptiality behaviour of
individuals during a short period of
observation."
Correspondence: Y. Peron, Universite de
Montreal, Departement de Demographie, CP 6128, Succursale A, Montreal,
Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
58:20411 Quilodran,
Julieta. Features of nuptiality in the border zone.
[Particularidades de la nupcialidad fronteriza.] Estudios Demograficos
y Urbanos, Vol. 5, No. 3, Sep-Dec 1990. 479-502, 822 pp. Mexico City,
Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"This article is limited to an
analysis of some characteristics of nuptiality in the municipalities in
the northern border zone of Mexico, based on the classification of the
population by age and sex [and] by marital status...contained in the
1980 Census....Nuptiality in the border zone is not only distinguished
from that of the country as a whole, but also in relation to the states
in which the municipalities comprising it are
located."
Correspondence: J. Quilodran, El Colegio de
Mexico, Centro de Estudios Demograficos y de Desarrollo Urbano, Camino
al Ajusco 20, 10740 Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20412 Raha, Manis
K. Polyandry in India: retrospect and prospect. Man
in India, Vol. 71, No. 1, Mar 1991. 163-81 pp. Ranchi, India. In Eng.
This is a review of the literature concerning polyandry in India
from ancient times to the present. Consideration is given to
socioeconomic aspects of polyandrous societies, fraternal polyandry,
and the allocation of paternity.
Correspondence: M. K.
Raha, Anthropological Survey of India, Central India Station, 11,
Seminary Hills, Nagpur, India. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
58:20413 Rajan, S.
Irudaya. Marriage and remarriage among Bombay Roman
Catholics. Journal of Family Welfare, Vol. 36, No. 1, Mar 1990.
61-79 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
Data from the records of four
Roman Catholic parishes in Bombay, India, are analyzed to examine
trends in marriage age and remarriage during the period 1869-1984. The
author notes that "remarriages were prevalent...even in the nineteenth
century...[and remarriage] showed a continuous decline indicating that
the age at first marriage and the age at widowhood increased steadily
among Roman Catholics in the recent periods."
Location:
Population Council Library, New York, NY.
58:20414 Rajaretnam,
T. How delaying marriage and spacing births contributes to
population control: an explanation with illustrations. Journal of
Family Welfare, Vol. 36, No. 4, Dec 1990. 3-13 pp. Bombay, India. In
Eng.
The author examines how delayed marriage and birth spacing can
contribute to slowing the rate of population growth in India. She
concludes that, in contrast to programs that concentrate on permanent
methods of contraception, "programmes that encourage the postponement
of marriage especially of girls,... spacing between births through
temporary methods of family planning, prolonged breastfeeding, and
practice of induced abortion...will amount to a large-scale reduction
of the high population growth rate besides contributing to the health
of mothers and children."
Location: Population Council
Library, New York, NY.
58:20415 Sardon,
Jean-Paul. An aid to analysis: isoquotients. A
nuptiality example. [Une aide a l'analyse: les lignes
d'isoquotients. L'exemple de la nuptialite.] Population, Vol. 46, No.
6, Nov-Dec 1991. 1,405-27 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng;
Spa.
The author describes a method for analyzing nuptiality rates
and the probability of marriage. "The relationship between the three
elements in a nuptiality table can be represented on a
three-dimensional diagram, where the total marriage rate is measured on
the y-axis, the proportion of persons already married on the x-axis,
and the probability of marriage on the z-axis. Such a representation
would make it possible to estimate the probability of marriage from a
knowledge of the marriage rate at age x in a cohort and the cumulated
total of marriage rates to age x-1 in the same cohort, provided that
the assumption of independence and continuity are met. An examination
of French data for the period since 1968 shows that this is the
case...."
Correspondence: J.-P. Sardon, Institut National
d'Etudes Demographiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675 Paris Cedex 14,
France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20416
Schellenberg, James A. Patterns of delayed
marriage: how special are the Irish? Sociological Focus, Vol. 24,
No. 1, Feb 1991. 1-11 pp. Bowling Green, Ohio. In Eng.
"This paper
deals with delayed marriage and singlehood among the Irish as a focus
for the study of the persistence of ethnic characteristics. Patterns of
delayed marriage in Ireland in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries
are reviewed, and evidence is also presented that Irish persons in
other countries (especially in the United States) continue to show
significantly higher rates of singlehood and postponed marriage than
persons of other nationality groups. Discussion includes how delayed
marriage became common in Ireland during the past 150 years and what
may be involved in the apparent persistence of this pattern today in
Ireland and among the Irish in other
countries."
Correspondence: J. A. Schellenberg, Indiana
State University, Department of Sociology and Social Work, Terre Haute,
IN 47809. Location: New York Public Library.
58:20417 Schwarz,
Karl. Educational achievement of the spouses of university
graduates. [Die Schulabschlusse der Ehegatten der Akademiker und
Akademikerinnen.] Zeitschrift fur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 17,
No. 3, 1991. 315-22 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany. In Ger. with sum. in Eng;
Fre.
The marital status of university graduates in the Federal
Republic of Germany is analyzed by sex and age. It is noted that a
greater proportion of women who remain unmarried are university
graduates and that female university graduates are also more likely
than the rest of the female population to marry men with equivalent or
higher degrees. Data are from the 1987
census.
Correspondence: K. Schwarz, Klopstockstrasse 14,
6200 Wiesbaden, Germany. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
58:20418 Srivastava,
J. N. Inter-district and inter-regional variations in
incidence of child marriage among females and its inter-censal changes
in Uttar Pradesh. Journal of Family Welfare, Vol. 36, No. 4, Dec
1990. 20-31 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
The author analyzes
district-level changes in levels of female child marriage in Uttar
Pradesh, India, using census data for 1961, 1971, and 1981. The
results show a continuing decline in rates of child marriage "from
61.89 per cent in 1961 to 51.4 per cent in 1971, and further to 38.8
per cent in 1981." The analysis also indicates that raising the level
of socioeconomic development is a more effective way to reduce rates of
child marriage than is legislation.
Correspondence: J. N.
Srivastava, Lucknow University, Department of Economics, Population
Research Centre, Lucknow 226 007, UP, India. Location:
Population Council Library, New York, NY.
58:20419 Telford,
Ted A. Covariates of men's age at first marriage: the
historical demography of Chinese lineages. Population Studies,
Vol. 46, No. 1, Mar 1992. 19-35 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"Age
at first marriage is studied in one historical Chinese population
reconstituted from the genealogies of 39 lineage groups for the period
1520-1661. By using event-history methods, descriptive measures of age
at marriage for various categories of men are generated from fathers'
ages at birth of first son as a proxy measure. The covariates of the
likelihood of marriage at specific ages are also examined, using Cox's
regression analysis. This study confirms an early average age at first
marriage of 21-22 years for men....Some evidence for large proportions
of celibate men and marriage in the teens for women in these lineage
populations is also presented. Considerable variation in men's age at
marriage is evident, primarily accounted for by differences in social
status."
Correspondence: T. A. Telford, University of Utah,
Department of Sociology, Salt Lake City, UT 84112. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20420 Udry, J.
Richard; Dole, Nancy; Gleiter, Karin. Forming reproductive
unions in urban Zimbabwe. International Family Planning
Perspectives, Vol. 18, No. 1, Mar 1992. 10-2, 17 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"A pilot survey conducted in
[1986 among Shona tribal members in] Harare, Zimbabwe, conceptualized
the formation of a reproductive union as a series of steps and asked
201 women who were pregnant with or had just given birth to their first
children to report the occurrence and chronological order of 12
postulated steps in the relationships leading to the pregnancies.
Different patterns of union formation emerged, and a multinomial logit
regression analysis revealed associations between the union-formation
patterns and the women's demographic characteristics." The
applicability of the method to the study of such patterns in other
cultures is discussed.
This is a revised version of a paper
originally presented at the 1990 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America.
Correspondence: J. R. Udry,
University of North Carolina, Carolina Population Center, University
Square 300A, Chapel Hill, NC 27514. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
58:20421 Wilson,
Barbara F.; Clarke, Sally C. Remarriages: a demographic
profile. Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 13, No. 2, Jun 1992.
123-41 pp. Newbury Park, California. In Eng.
"This article presents
descriptive statistics for remarriages [in the United States] according
to the combined marital histories of brides and grooms. In 1988,
745,000 divorced men and 748,000 divorced women remarried. For each
sex, 61% married divorced, 35% married single, and 4% married widowed
partners. On average, the grooms were 39 and the brides were 35 years
of age, but those who married single partners were younger (35 and 31,
respectively) and better educated than average. In 1988, 72,000
widowed men and 77,000 widowed women remarried, at ages 61 and 53.
They married widowed or divorced partners in similar proportions. By
1988, husbands and wives who jointly remarried at ages 25 to 44 in 1972
had lower divorce levels than did those who were first married as
teenagers. This indicates that marrying at a young age was a stronger
determinant of divorce than was a previous marriage of either or both
spouses."
Correspondence: B. F. Wilson, U.S. National
Center for Health Statistics, 6525 Belcrest Road, Hyattsville, MD
20782. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
58:20422 Wu, Zheng;
Balakrishnan, T. R. Attitudes towards cohabitation and
marriage in Canada. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, Vol.
23, No. 1, Spring 1992. 1-12 pp. Calgary, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in
Fre; Spa.
"An analysis of a national sample of Canadian women in
the Canadian National Fertility Survey (1984) indicates that attitudes
towards cohabitation and marriage are associated with their
demographic, socioeconomic and cultural background. Eight attitudinal
variables in the survey are used to construct the scales for the
attitudes in a confirmatory factor analysis. Women who are in older
ages, currently married, living in rural areas, with lower educational
attainment, non-Catholic, having a higher frequency of church
attendance and a higher desired number of children are found to be more
conservative in their attitudes towards cohabitation and marriage. The
study also finds that Quebec women tend to be more liberal than
non-Quebec women."
Correspondence: Z. Wu, University of
Western Ontario, Department of Sociology, London, Ontario N6A 5C2,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SSA).
58:20423 Ahmed,
Bashir. Determinants of desired family size in rural
Bangladesh: a two-stage analysis. Journal of Family Welfare, Vol.
36, No. 1, Mar 1990. 22-31 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
"This paper
examines the determinants of desired family size in rural Bangladesh,
following the two-stage analysis suggested by McCarthy and Oni. It
gives us an understanding of the rationale for wanting a large family
size, and why the proportion of non-numeric answers is very high in
Bangladesh." Data are from the World Fertility Survey conducted in
Bangladesh in 1976.
For the article by J. McCarthy and G. A. Oni,
see 53:20453.
Correspondence: B. Ahmed, University of
Florida, College of Business Administration, Bureau of Economic and
Business Research, Gainesville, FL 32611. Location: Population
Council Library, New York, NY.
58:20424 Boukhris,
Mohamed. The family in Tunisia: the current status of its
rights. [La famille en Tunisie: etat des droits.] 1991. 90 pp.
Office National de la Famille et de la Population: Tunis, Tunisia. In
Fre.
The current status of the family in Tunisia is reviewed, with
a focus on family laws and policies. Information is included on family
characteristics and demographic aspects.
Correspondence:
Office National de la Famille et de la Population, 42 Avenue de Madrid,
Tunis, Tunisia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20425 Bruderl,
Josef; Klein, Thomas. Level of education and family
formation: institutional versus level effect. [Bildung und
Familiengrundung: Institutionen- versus Niveaueffekt.] Zeitschrift fur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1991. 323-51 pp. Wiesbaden,
Germany. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"This article investigates
the effects of education on the process of family formation of West
German women. Following Blossfeld and Huinink we argue that there are
two effects of education: participation in the educational system
delays family formation, and a higher level of education decreases
marriage and birth rates. By using data from the German socioeconomic
panel we show that both effects are strong. This contrasts with the
findings Blossfeld and Huinink report in their studies. We conclude
that sociological and economic theories, which claim that educational
level reduces family formation rates, are still of relevance." A reply
by Hans-Peter Blossfeld, Johannes Huinink, and Gotz Rohwer is also
included (pp. 337-51).
For the original article by Blossfeld and
Huinink, published in 1989, see 56:30203.
Correspondence:
J. Bruderl, Universitat Bern, Institut fur Soziologie, Speichergasse
29, CH-30 11 Bern, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
58:20426 Davidson,
Carl. The "family" in New Zealand. New Zealand
Population Review, Vol. 17, No. 2, Nov 1991. 4-26 pp. Wellington, New
Zealand. In Eng.
The author explores family characteristics and
structures in New Zealand from a sociological perspective. The focus
is on differences between the government's concept of the family, which
it uses as the basis for its family policies, and the actual state of
the family in New Zealand. Consideration is given to nonfamily
households, families with and without children, single parent
households, and the unique structure of Maori and Polynesian families.
Policy implications are also discussed.
Correspondence: C.
Davidson, Social Sciences Unit, DSIR, P.O. Box 29-181, Christchurch,
New Zealand. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20427 Deven,
Freddy. Living arrangements in Flanders in the
eighties. In: Population and family in the Low Countries 1991,
edited by Gijs Beets, Robert Cliquet, Gilbert Dooghe, and Jenny de J.
Gierveld. 1991. 39-51 pp. Swets and Zeitlinger: Berwyn,
Pennsylvania/Lisse, Netherlands. In Eng.
"This contribution
provides an overall picture of the kind of living arrangements
characterizing Flanders during the 1980s. Three main types of living
arrangements--singles, couples, families--are further distinguished
(e.g. couples on the basis of their marital status and families
according to the number and type of parents available to the child(ren)
in the household)....The figures for unmarried cohabitation remain well
below those registered for countries such as Sweden or France." Plans
for improving the relevant data sources in the 1990s are
described.
Correspondence: F. Deven, Population and Family
Study Centre, Markiesstraat 1, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20428 Fairlamb,
C. D.; Nieuwoudt, W. L. An economic analysis of family
size decision making with reference to the developing areas of South
Africa. Development Southern Africa, Vol. 8, No. 4, Nov 1991.
513-20 pp. Halfway House, South Africa. In Eng.
A neoclassical
utility framework is used to analyze links between decisions about
family size and socioeconomic variables using data for 175 women in
KwaZulu, South Africa. The demand curve for children is specified
within a simultaneous model of family decision-making. "Child
education, women's opportunity cost of time and formal market
participation were negatively related to fertility, reflecting
substitution from numbers of children (time intensive) to fewer, more
educated children (less time intensive) as opportunity costs rise.
Child labour was positively related to fertility. Strategies to reduce
population growth rates should therefore include improvements in
women's education and employment opportunities to raise their time
costs, and time-saving devices to reduce demand for child
labour."
Correspondence: C. D. Fairlamb, University of
Natal, Agricultural Economics Department, POB 375, Pietermaritzburg
3200, South Africa. Location: Princeton University Library
(PR).
58:20429 Germany,
Federal Republic of. Statistisches Bundesamt (Wiesbaden, Germany,
Federal Republic of). Families today: structures, life
courses, and attitudes. 1990 edition. [Familien heute:
Strukturen, Verlaufe und Einstellungen. Ausgabe 1990.] ISBN
3-8246-0033-1. Jun 1990. 282 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic
of. In Ger.
The first part of this publication contains statistical
data and commentary on the demographic and socioeconomic structure of
families in West Germany. Topics covered include the impact of
fertility decline and marriage age, the social structures of families,
relationships between social structure and number and education of
children, family formation and dissolution, and living conditions. The
second part of the book provides selected results of studies carried
out by the Federal Institute for Population Research. These studies
include a 1987 retrospective survey on the family life cycle and a
1975-1984 panel study of changes in women's attitudes toward children,
family, and career over the course of their
marriage.
Correspondence: Statistisches Bundesamt,
Gustav-Stresemann-Ring 11, 6200 Wiesbaden 1, Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20430 Gilbertson,
Greta; Gurak, Douglas T. Household transitions in the
migrations of Dominicans and Colombians to New York. International
Migration Review, Vol. 26, No. 1, Spring 1992. 22-45 pp. Staten Island,
New York. In Eng.
"Using life history survey data, we examined the
correlates of change in the composition of Dominican and Colombian
immigrant co-residential households [in New York City] at three points
in time--prior to migration, just after migration and at the time of
the survey. We found that there is considerable heterogeneity in the
patterns of household transitions, although the majority of both
Dominican and Colombian households at the time of the survey were
nuclear family households. Dominican women tended to have made
transitions into single-parent households by the time of the survey.
Background and migration characteristics influence the pattern of
household transitions, but fail to explain the ethnic and gender
differences."
Correspondence: G. Gilbertson, Fordham
University, Fordham Road, Bronx, NY 10458. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
58:20431 Gurak,
Douglas T.; Gilbertson, Greta A. Female headship and the
migration process: an event history analysis of marital disruption
among Dominican and Colombian female immigrants. Population and
Development Program: 1990 Working Paper Series, No. 2.11, [1991?]. 11,
[6] pp. Cornell University, Department of Rural Sociology, Population
and Development Program: Ithaca, New York. In Eng.
"This paper
attempts to explain differences in the rates of female headship among
two immigrant groups in New York City by focusing on the determinants
of marital dissolution....To accomplish this goal we employ
life-history data on Dominican and Colombian immigrants in New York and
an analytical framework that utilizes information on status prior to
migration, information concerning the migration event itself, and data
on the economic activity of women and their partners in the United
States following immigration."
This paper was originally presented
at the 1991 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: Cornell University, Department of
Rural Sociology, Population and Development Program, 134 Warren Hall,
Ithaca, NY 14853-7801. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
58:20432 Ismael,
Mona M. M. Selected factors affecting desired family size
in Egypt, 1984. In: Studies in African and Asian demography: CDC
Annual Seminar, 1990. 1991. 217-46 pp. Cairo Demographic Centre: Cairo,
Egypt. In Eng.
Using a path analysis, the author "focuses on
fertility desires in Egypt by examining differentials by demographic
and socio-economic factors and by determining the factors affecting
desired family size....[Factors considered include] age of wife, number
of living children, and knowledge of contraception,...wife's and
husband's education, wife's work status, and husband's occupation."
Data are from the 1984 Egypt Contraceptive Prevalence
Survey.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20433 Kaiser,
Daniel H. Urban household composition in early modern
Russia. Journal of Interdisciplinary History, Vol. 23, No. 1,
Summer 1992. 39-71 pp. Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"The
present essay analyzes household structure for early modern Russia on
the basis of twelve population inventories compiled between 1710 and
1720 in ten towns of European Russia." The results suggest that most
households were of the simple nuclear type prevalent in Western Europe.
A substantial number, however, were extended, multiple-family
households, particularly among the upper social
classes.
Correspondence: D. H. Kaiser, Grinnell College,
Department of History, Grinnell, IA 50112. Location:
Princeton University Library (SH).
58:20434 Larrivee,
Daniel. Projected trends in the number of households in
Canada and the demographic impact, 1986-2011. [Evolution projetee
du nombre de menages au Canada et effet demographique, 1986-2011.]
Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie, Vol. 20, No. 1, Spring 1991. 145-56
pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The author
presents three scenarios for the future evolution of the number of
households [in Canada], and analyses the results of these projections
according to type and size of households and age of the household head.
Particular emphasis is given to the impact of population growth on the
evolution of households."
Correspondence: D. Larrivee,
Statistics Canada, Demography Division, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OT6,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20435 Lehning,
James R. Socioeconomic change, peasant household structure
and demographic behavior in a French department. Journal of Family
History, Vol. 17, No. 2, 1992. 161-81 pp. Greenwich,
Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"The article focuses on the
relationship between social and economic structure and household
structure, on the one hand, and household structure and demographic
behavior on the other. The analysis provides some insights into the
factors that determined household structure and demographic behavior in
the two nineteenth-century villages in the Loire district in
France--one village agricultural and the other with a protoindustrial
sector. Labor needs imposed on the household by the economy helped to
determine the structure of that household, and, especially by way of
nuptiality, such considerations could also affect reproduction.
Nevertheless, it would be pressing the evidence much too far to suggest
that only household structure determined demographic
behavior."
Correspondence: J. R. Lehning, University of
Utah, Department of History, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20436 Levin,
Irene; Trost, Jan. Women and the concept of family.
Familjerapporter/Family Reports, No. 21, 1992. 39 pp. Uppsala
Universitet: Uppsala, Sweden. In Eng.
The authors examine
perceptions of what constitutes a family unit, focusing on differences
between men and women. Data are from a survey of 935 men and women
aged 20-59 in Uppsala province, Sweden. The results suggest that women
have a broader definition of the family based on feelings of
responsibility for others.
Correspondence: Uppsala
University, Department of Sociology, P.O. Box 513, S-751 20 Uppsala,
Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20437 Lopez de
Mazier, Armida. Female heads of household in
Honduras. [La mujer hondurena jefa de hogar.] Dec 1991. xi, 56 pp.
Fondo de Poblacion de las Naciones Unidas [FNUAP]: Tegucigalpa,
Honduras; Unidad de Docencia e Investigacion en Poblacion [UDIP]:
Tegucigalpa, Honduras. In Spa.
Unpublished data from the 1988
census are used to study levels, trends, and quality of life in
one-parent families headed by women in Honduras. Data are presented on
spatial distribution, age distribution, marital status, number of
dependent children in household, level of education of the household
head, household income level, residence characteristics, occupational
status, and total number of one-parent families in the
country.
Correspondence: Unidad de Docencia e Investigacion
en Poblacion, Edificio No. 5, Piso 1, Ciudad Universitaria,
Tegucigalpa, Honduras. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
58:20438 Miller,
Warren B. Personality traits and developmental experiences
as antecedents of childbearing motivation. Demography, Vol. 29,
No. 2, May 1992. 265-85 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper
explores...two measures of childbearing motivation, one positive and
the other negative....Using a [U.S.] sample of 362 married men and 354
married women, the paper systematically examines the factors associated
with these measures. In addition to a set of basic personality traits,
these factors include parental characteristics, teenage experiences,
and a number of variables from young adult behavior domains such as
marriage, education, work, religion, and parental relationships.
Stepwise multiple regression analyses...indicate the importance of both
personality traits and diverse life-cycle experiences in the
development of childbearing motivation, [and] the differential gender
distribution of predictors...."
This paper was originally presented
at the 1991 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America.
Correspondence: W. B. Miller, Transnational Family
Research Institute, 669 Georgia Avenue, Palo Alto, CA 94306.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20439 Moors,
Hein; van Nimwegen, Nico. Young Europeans and changing
living arrangements: some social and demographic effects. In:
Population and family in the Low Countries 1991, edited by Gijs Beets,
Robert Cliquet, Gilbert Dooghe, and Jenny de J. Gierveld. 1991. 17-38
pp. Swets and Zeitlinger: Berwyn, Pennsylvania/Lisse, Netherlands. In
Eng.
"This contribution describes changes in the household
structure of the European population and the social and demographic
consequences for children and young people in the member states of the
Council of Europe. Particular attention is paid to an analysis of the
effects of instability and changes in couples, and to the effects of
changing living arrangements on economic, social, and psychological
aspects of young people, especially young women. Two life-styles are
specifically relevant in this respect...: consensual unions
(cohabitations) and one-parent families."
Correspondence:
H. Moors, Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, P.O. Box
11650, 2502 AR The Hague, Netherlands. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
58:20440 Morocco.
Direction de la Statistique. Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches
Demographiques [CERED] (Rabat, Morocco). The family in
Fes: continuity or change? The networks of family solidarity.
[Famille a Fes: changement ou continuite? Les reseaux de solidarites
familiales.] 1991. 190 pp. Rabat, Morocco. In Fre.
This is a study
of the family and the changes it is experiencing in Morocco, based on a
1983-1984 survey of 390 families residing in the city of Fes. Chapters
are included on family characteristics, migration to Fes, continuity
and change in the family, and economic factors and family
strategies.
Correspondence: Direction de la Statistique,
Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Demographiques, B.P. 178 Charii Maa El
Ainain, Rabat, Morocco. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
58:20441 Radecki,
Stephen E.; Beckman, Linda J. Determinants of
child-bearing intentions of low-income women: attitudes versus life
circumstances. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 24, No. 2, Apr
1992. 157-66 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"Surveys of low-income
women in Los Angeles County [California] in 1985 and 1986 were used to
examine the relative impact of child-bearing motivations versus life
circumstances on the intention to have a(nother) child. Future
child-bearing intentions are strongly related to current parity level
regardless of marital status, race/ethnicity or economic
status....Multivariate analyses showed that motivation for parenthood
and life circumstances combined predicted women's child-bearing
intentions 88.6% of the time for nulliparous women, but 73.7% for
parous women. These findings suggest that, in a low-income population,
the onset of parenthood reduces the relationship between specific
motivations for child-bearing and actual child-bearing intentions, and
diminishes the ability to predict child-bearing intentions based on
both attitudinal and social/structural
factors."
Correspondence: S. E. Radecki, Long Beach
Memorial Medical Center, Memorial Family Medicine, Long Beach, CA.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20442 Schlumbohm,
Jurgen. From peasant society to class society: some
aspects of family and class in a northwest German protoindustrial
parish, 17th-19th centuries. Journal of Family History, Vol. 17,
No. 2, 1992. 183-99 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"In the parish of Belm, Northwest Germany, population trebled
between 1650 and 1830, but the number of peasant holdings remained
stable. A new class of people without real property came into
existence. Protoindustrialization in the form of linen production
supplemented incomes from agriculture. This article outlines social
differentials in demographic behavior and household structure. It
looks at social mobility and the selection of mates. Furthermore, it
explores the economic and non-economic ties that bound together
propertied and propertyless families. Finally, it asks how important
kinship was for propertied peasants and for landless people. It
suggests that kin relationships across classes or within class may have
been a factor relevant in the formation of
classes."
Correspondence: J. Schlumbohm,
Max-Planck-Institut fur Geschichte, Hermann-Foge-Weg 11, Postfach 2833,
3400 Gottingen, Germany. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
58:20443 Schulz,
Reiner. Time budget structures of working women.
[Zeitbudgetstrukturen erwerbstatiger Frauen.] Zeitschrift fur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 17, No. 3, 1991. 227-50 pp. Wiesbaden,
Germany. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"In this article the
activity structures (time budgets) of working women [in Germany] with
(a) child(ren) and living with a (conjugal) partner, differentiated by
the child(ren)'s age are compared with the activity structures of
single mothers....In another evaluation step the women's activity
structures are compared with those of their (conjugal) partner...in
order to learn about the division of housework....The comparison
between single mothers with women living with a (conjugal) partner very
clearly shows a strong relation between the activity structures and the
child(ren)'s age."
For an earlier article by Schulz that presented
data on which the present article is based, see 57:20439.
Correspondence: R. Schulz, Bundesinstitut fur
Bevolkerungsforschung, Postfach 55 28, 6200 Wiesbaden 1, Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20444 Shoemaker,
Nancy. The census as civilizer: American Indian household
structure in the 1900 and 1910 U.S. censuses. Historical Methods,
Vol. 25, No. 1, Winter 1992. 4-11 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The
earliest censuses of the American Indian population in the United
States raise several issues about the quality of census data for
analysis of household structure. The 1900 and 1910 censuses were part
of an intrusive colonizing bureaucracy insensitive to cultural
relativism and intent on transforming Indians into model
Americans....Determining boundaries of the household, the sequence of
individuals listed within it, and their relationships to each other,
enumerators had the power to make Indian families appear more like
Euroamerican families. Despite the transforming power of the process,
the censuses did capture some distinctness in residence patterns for
different cultural groups. Although enumerators tried to fit Indian
families into alien, Euroamerican, bureaucratized definitions of a
family, cultural differences in residence patterns are still
apparent....[The author concludes that] the census is a reliable source
of information for family history so long as users are aware of
potential biases."
Correspondence: N. Shoemaker, St.
Lawrence University, Department of History, Canton, NY 13617.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20445 South,
Scott J.; Tolnay, Stewart E. The changing American family:
sociological and demographic perspectives. ISBN 0-8133-1100-4. LC
91-39295. 1992. vii, 304 pp. Westview Press: Boulder, Colorado/Oxford,
England. In Eng.
This book is the product of an interdisciplinary
conference held in Albany, New York, on April 6-7, 1990, entitled
Demographic Perspectives on the American Family: Patterns and
Prospects. It contains 13 papers by various authors. "The issues
receiving attention include past and current racial differences in
family and household structure; the rise in and consequences of
nonmarital cohabitation; the role of divorced fathers in the financial
and emotional well-being of their children; changing attitudes toward
marriage and family life; and the frequently conflictive division of
household labor."
Correspondence: Westview Press, 5500
Central Avenue, Boulder, CO 80301-2847. Location: New York
Public Library.
58:20446 Touliatos,
John; Czaplewski, Mary J. Inventory of marriage and family
literature, 1990/91. Vol. 17, ISBN 0-916174-31-X. LC 67-63014.
1991. xv, 848 pp. Data TRAQ International: Anoka, Minnesota; National
Council on Family Relations: Minneapolis, Minnesota. In Eng.
This
inventory is one in a series that lists published studies on marriage
and fertility. It includes citations to 3,703 articles and 488 books
published between September 1990 and December 1991. The published
citations do not have abstracts, but abstracts to them are available
for retrieval through IMFL (Inventory of Marriage and Family
Literature) Online (formerly Family Resources Database). The
bibliography is divided into three parts: a subject index, an author
index, and a key word in title (KWIT) index. The geographical scope is
worldwide, but the bibliography is confined to English-language
publications.
For Volume 16, also published in 1991, see 57:30469.
Correspondence: National Council on Family Relations, 3989
Central Avenue NE 550, Minneapolis, MN 55421. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
58:20447 United
States. Bureau of the Census (Washington, D.C.). Household
and family characteristics: March 1991. Current Population
Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 458, Feb 1992.
iv, 189, [28] pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This annual report
presents new national level, detailed data on [U.S.] households and
families for March 1991, and summarizes some of the important changes
that have occurred during the past twenty years or so. The 1991 data
are based on the Annual Demographic Supplement to the Current
Population Survey (CPS)." The data are presented by type, age,
residence, and race and Hispanic origin.
For a previous report for
1990, see 57:10467.
Correspondence: Superintendent of
Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
