57:20054 Fielding,
A. J. Population redistribution trends and the persistence
of organized capitalism. Geographical Perspectives, No. 61, 1988.
74-6 pp. Cedar Falls, Iowa. In Eng.
The author examines factors
affecting the marked changes in population distribution that have
occurred in Western industrialized countries since the end of World War
II. During this period, urban and regional differences in fertility
and mortality have declined and the significance of migration has
increased. The change from migration to urban areas in the 1950s to
counterurbanization in the 1970s and back to urban growth in the 1980s
is summarized. These changes are then analyzed in the context of the
changing demands of an evolving capitalist economic
system.
Correspondence: A. J. Fielding, University of
Sussex, School of Social Sciences, Brighton, East Sussex BN1 9QN,
England. Location: New York Public Library.
57:20055 Forstall,
Richard L. The geographic component of U.S.
nonmetropolitan population change. Geographical Perspectives, No.
61, 1988. 69-73 pp. Cedar Falls, Iowa. In Eng.
"The decade of the
1970s witnessed two new trends of major significance in U.S. population
distribution, the concentration of 85 to 90 percent of the nation's
population growth in the South and West, and the revival of growth in
many nonmetropolitan parts of the country....However, the
nonmetropolitan resurgence has relaxed somewhat in the 1980s. From
1980 to mid-1986, nonmetropolitan territory...had only a 4 percent
growth in population compared with 6.4 percent for the nation as a
whole and 7.2 percent for metropolitan territory. During the 1970s the
same geographic areas had increases of 14.4, 11.4, and 10.5 percent
respectively."
Correspondence: R. L. Forstall, U.S. Bureau
of the Census, Population Division, Population Distribution Branch,
Washington, D.C. 20233. Location: New York Public Library.
57:20056
Frallicciardi, Anna M. Aspects of demographic
decentralization in some regions of Southern Italy. [Aspetti del
decentramento demografico in alcune regioni del Mezzogiorno.] Rivista
Geografica Italiana, Vol. 96, No. 1, Mar 1989. 27-60 pp. Pisa, Italy.
In Ita. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
The author analyzes spatial mobility
in continental Southern Italy in order to establish the extent of urban
decentralization in the region. She concludes that such
decentralization is occurring throughout the region, but in different
forms and with different effects for individual
locations.
Correspondence: A. M. Frallicciardi, Universita
degli Studi di Napoli, Facolta di Lettere e Filosofia, Istituto di
Geografia, Corso Umberto 1, 80138 Naples, Italy. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
57:20057 India.
National Atlas and Thematic Mapping Organisation [NATMO] (Calcutta,
India). Cartography for development of outlying states and
islands of India. NATMO Monograph, No. 10, 1990. xvi, 216; xvi,
219 pp. Calcutta, India. In Eng.
These are the proceedings of a
NATMO seminar held in Calcutta, India, December 3-6, 1990. The seminar
focused on the outlying states and islands of India, and in particular
on how mapping can contribute to the development process of these
areas. One of the six selected themes of the conference was
population, and papers are included on such topics as migration,
population density, urbanization, population growth, rural and urban
population comparisons, population pressure, and spatial
distribution.
Correspondence: National Atlas and Thematic
Mapping Organisation, 50A Gariahat Road, Calcutta 700 019, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20058 Klausing,
Horst. Problems concerning the population geography of
China. [Bevolkerungsgeographische Probleme der VR China.]
Geographische Berichte, Vol. 34, No. 1, Jan 1989. 1-13, 69-70 pp.
Gotha, German Democratic Republic. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The author analyzes recent population trends in China, based
primarily on data from the 1982 census. "Starting from the historical
population development the present distribution of the population is
analyzed, which, owing to the country's nature, shows its highest
density in the eastern part. The major part of all working people is
still working in agriculture, but they increasingly migrate into other
sectors of the economy. In order to reduce the increase in population
since 1978...marriage with only one child has been propagandized as [a]
strategic aim. Since that time several measures for family planning
have been taken. An interesting geographical problem is the relation
between urban and rural population, which is discussed in the article
in view of the municipal classification of
settlements."
Correspondence: H. Klausing,
Karl-Marx-Universitat Leipzig, Sektion Afrika- und
Nahostwissenschaften, Lehr- und Forschungsbereich Sud- und Ostasien,
Karl-Marx-Platz 9, Leipzig 7010, Germany. Location: New York
Public Library.
57:20059 Boukhemis,
Kaddour; Zeghiche, Anissa. Spatial aspects of population
growth and migration in Constantine, Algeria. Third World Planning
Review, Vol. 12, No. 3, Aug 1990. 281-300 pp. Liverpool, England. In
Eng.
"The objective of the paper is to depict the major changes
brought about by demographic growth upon the internal structure of
Constantine, the third largest Algerian city, and thus define the main
types of settlement evolved, which in turn serves as background for the
analysis of the spatial distribution of recent migrants within the
different areas of Constantine. With regard to this distribution, the
aim is to test whether there exist any spatial concentrations of
migrants in particular areas according to their place of
origin."
Correspondence: K. Boukhemis, Universite de
Constantine, Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Route d'Ain El Bey,
Constantine, Algeria. Location: Princeton University Library
(UES).
57:20060 Boukhemis,
Kaddour; Raham, Djamel; Zeghiche, Anissa. Urban growth and
socioeconomic change in eastern Algeria. [Croissance urbaine et
mutations socio-economiques dans l'Est algerien.] Annales de
Geographie, Vol. 99, No. 554, Aug 1990. 458-70 pp. Paris, France. In
Fre.
Urbanization trends in Algeria since independence are
analyzed. The authors note that current urban patterns are still
influenced by trends that developed during the colonial era. Rapid
urbanization associated with both rural-urban growth and natural
increase has occurred. Development policies adopted during the 1980s
designed to reduce regional inequalities and slow the rate of
urbanization are described.
Correspondence: K. Boukhemis,
Universite de Constantine, Institut des Sciences de la Terre, Route
d'Ain El Bey, Constantine, Algeria. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
57:20061 Bryant,
Coralie. The third world goes to town: will U.S. policy
catch up? Cities, Vol. 7, No. 2, May 1990. 125-32 pp. Guildford,
England. In Eng.
"Third World cities are growing so fast that in
the 21st century over half the world's population will be urban. This
shift will need to be recognized by all aid donors, and particularly by
the USA. Sustainable development will be possible only if Third World
governments--central and local--can be assisted to meet the challenge
of this massive rural to urban transition."
Correspondence:
C. Bryant, Overseas Development Council, Washington, D.C.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
57:20062 Ebanks, G.
Edward; Cheng, Chaoze. China: a unique urbanization
model. Asia-Pacific Population Journal, Vol. 5, No. 3, Sep 1990.
29-50 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
"This article examines the
salient features of the urbanization of population in China since the
1950s. The central thesis of this study focuses on the uniqueness of
the urbanization model in China....It aims at gaining insights into a
better understanding of how urbanization processes have been integrated
with certain social, economic, political and natural factors. The
authors suggest that elements of the Chinese urban population and urban
growth planning approach may be transferable to third world countries
if selected and modified to suit differing political, social, cultural,
economic and administrative conditions of those countries....The data
[are] mainly from the largest of China's demographic censuses of 1953,
1964 and 1982, and the One-per-Hundred Sample Survey of
1987."
Correspondence: G. E. Ebanks, University of Western
Ontario, Department of Sociology, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20063 Goldstein,
Sidney. Urbanization in China, 1982-87: effects of
migration and reclassification. Population and Development Review,
Vol. 16, No. 4, Dec 1990. 673-701, 811, 813 pp. New York, New York. In
Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"Despite strictures on urban growth and
on migration to cities, statistics for China show a sharp increase in
the level of urbanization in the late 1980s, a massive increase in the
number of cities and towns and in the size of the population living in
them, and large flows of migrants from rural to urban localities.
Several developments help explain these striking deviations from what
Chinese policy would lead one to expect: (1) While China has tried to
control city growth, planners have also recognized the role that large
cities can play in overall development. (2) The
administrative/statistical criteria for qualifying as a city or town
have changed; in consequence, many localities have been added to the
roster of cities and towns, essentially by administrative fiat. (3)
Under China's registration system the rural-to-urban flow of temporary
migrants, often referred to as the 'floating population,' allows urban
places to meet their special labor force and service needs, helps
reduce the rural labor surplus, and avoids burdening cities with the
reponsibility for absorbing vast numbers of migrants into their
permanent population."
Correspondence: S. Goldstein, Brown
University, Department of Sociology, Providence, RI 02912.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20064 Heins, J.
J. F.; Meijer, E. N. Population movements to a
growth-pole: the case of Hosur, Tamil Nadu. Third World Planning
Review, Vol. 12, No. 3, Aug 1990. 231-47 pp. Liverpool, England. In
Eng.
This study examines the characteristics of population growth
in Hosur, a small town in Tamil Nadu, India. "A special feature of the
population in Hosur is the phenomenon of bachelors living together,
mostly young men who have migrated from big cities. Commuting is not
important in the mobility pattern of Hosur, less than ten per cent of
employees in the industrial areas travelling daily from outside. Only
one-third of the non-migrant labour force has access to the more
attractive jobs in the modern factories, while short-term wage labour
plays an important role in the labour structure of commuters. The
demographic future of Hosur is not connected strongly with commuting
patterns, but more with the spatial behaviour of the
bachelors."
Correspondence: J. J. F. Heins, Vrije
Universiteit, Institute for Geographical Studies, De Boelelaan 1105,
1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University
Library (UES).
57:20065 Jiang,
Meiqiu; Guan, Weihe. Urbanization and its ecological
problems in China: prospects in the 21st century. Paper of the
Center for Modern China, No. 3, Jan 1991. iii, 15 pp. Center for Modern
China [CMC]: New York, New York. In Chi. with sum. in Eng.
"By
analyzing the relationship among population, resources, and
environment, the authors study urbanization and its ecological
consequences that China may face in the 21st century....After
discussing these problems, the authors present some policy
recommendations that may mitigate China's ecological crisis in the 21st
century, such as population control, migration, allocation of
resources, and environmental protection....The authors conduct a
comparative analysis on environmental quality of the Hunan-Hubei region
in China with Japan....The results of the comparison show that the
widely spreading ecological degradation in China is primarily caused by
mistakes of state policies."
Correspondence: Center for
Modern China, P.O. Box 894, New York, NY 10025. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20066 Kiradzhiev,
Svetlin. Migration and problems related to population
concentration in larger Bulgarian cities. [Migratsiite i
problemite, svarzani s kontsentratsiyata na naselenieto v golemite
gradove na Balgariya.] Naselenie, Vol. 7, No. 2, 1989. 70-7 pp. Sofia,
Bulgaria. In Bul. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The author examines the
growing concentration of population in the larger cities of Bulgaria.
Various methods for achieving a more balanced population distribution
are suggested, including placing limits on migration to cities,
relocating some industry, reducing labor-intensive production through
automation, and improving local transportation systems to permit
development of satellite towns and villages.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20067 Koven,
Steven G.; Shelley, Mack C. Public policy effects on net
urban migration. Policy Studies Journal, Vol. 17, No. 4, Summer
1989. 705-18 pp. Urbana, Illinois. In Eng.
"The purpose of this
paper is to expand the understanding of net migration into and out of
large [U.S.] cities during the decade of the 1970s. A mix of service,
public policy, ecological, and economic variables was investigated, to
determine which of these factors were most closely related to these
recent patterns of urban migration." The results of multiple
regression analysis suggest that "policy variables (such as per capita
taxes, per capita fire expenditures, and per capita police
expenditures) are indeed useful correlates of
migration."
Correspondence: S. G. Koven, Iowa State
University, Ames, IA 50011. Location: Princeton University
Library (FST).
57:20068 Lappo, G.
M.; Listenrugt, F. M. Problems in studies of urban
agglomerations. [Problemy izucheniya gorodskikh aglomeratsii.] LC
89-200192. 1988. 210 pp. Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Institut Geografii:
Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
This is a collection of articles by various
authors on aspects of urban areas in the USSR. It is a product of the
session on urban systems at the Twenty-Sixth International Geographic
Congress, held in Australia in 1988. The topics covered include
ecology, infrastructure, economic and social aspects of agglomerations,
urban structure, urban development, and urban spatial
distribution.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
57:20069 Min,
Mal-Soon. Growth of small and intermediate cities in
Korea, 1975-1980. Korea Journal of Population and Development,
Vol. 19, No. 1, Jul 1990. 47-70 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic of. In Eng.
"This paper examines the urban growth of 33 small and intermediate
Korean cities during 1975-1980 from the ecological perspective. Using
the multiple regression analysis, population growth of a city is
measured by variables such as industrial structure, distance from a
metropolitan city, and educational level of residents in a
corresponding city. At the present development stage in Korea, those
cities whose industrial structure is more specialized in the
transformative sector rather than other sectors have grown more
rapidly. The closeness to a metropolitan city and the educational
level of residents for each city strongly influence urban growth of
small cities."
Correspondence: M.-S. Min, Seoul National
University, Population and Development Studies Center, Sinlim-dong,
Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151, Republic of Korea. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
57:20070 Ottensmann,
John R.; Good, David H.; Gleeson, Michael E. The impact of
net migration on neighbourhood racial composition. Urban Studies,
Vol. 27, No. 5, Oct 1990. 705-17 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
The
authors challenge the assumption that racially mixed neighborhoods in
U.S. cities will become increasingly black over time. "In a series of
simulations it is shown that in urban areas with no black inmigration
the proportion of the black population does not increase in racially
mixed neighbourhoods, unlike the case where there is black inmigration
to the urban area. With reductions in the rate of black inmigration to
U.S. cities, this study suggests policy implications which could help
reduce the level of racial segregation in residential
areas."
Correspondence: J. R. Ottensmann, Indiana
University, School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indianapolis,
IN 46202. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
57:20071 Penkov,
Ignat; Dimitrov, Stefan. The distribution of cities and
their populations in Bulgaria. [Razpredelenie na gradovete v
Balgariya i naselenieto im po oblasti.] Naselenie, Vol. 7, No. 3, 1989.
103-12 pp. Sofia, Bulgaria. In Bul. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The
spatial distribution of cities and their populations in Bulgaria is
examined. The authors analyze economic development and its impact on
urban growth from 1946 to 1987.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
57:20072 Perlman,
Janice E.; Blueweiss, Lori R. Urban innovation for the
21st century. Cities, Vol. 7, No. 1, Feb 1990. 88 pp. Butterworth
Scientific: Guildford, England. In Eng.
This special issue is
devoted to prospects for global urbanization during the twenty-first
century and to the Megacities Project, a collaborative effort to
improve urban management and conditions of life in the world's largest
cities.
Correspondence: Butterworth Scientific, P.O. Box
63, Bury Street, Guildford GU2 5BH, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (UES).
57:20073 Rao, K.
Vaninadha. Functional specialisation of metropolises in
Canada. Demography India, Vol. 17, No. 2, Jul-Dec 1988. 310-28 pp.
Delhi, India. In Eng.
"This paper categorises and identifies the
functional specialisation of Canadian metropolises in 1971 and 1981
drawing data from censuses....Two types of criteria have been adopted
for identifying the functional specialisation of various CMAs [Census
Metropolitan Areas], namely location quotients, and the other based on
minimum percentage of workers in a given category....Manufacturing,
mining, finance, transport and public administration are some of the
specialisations found among CMAs....Some of the socio-economic and
demographic characteristics of different CMAs were discussed in
relation to their functional specialisation." Demographic
characteristics analyzed include age distribution, sex ratio,
population density, educational status, family income, and labor force
participation.
Correspondence: K. V. Rao, Bowling Green
State University, Department of Sociology, Bowling Green, OH 43403.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20074 Schwartz,
Joe; Exter, Thomas. This world is flat. American
Demographics, Vol. 13, No. 4, Apr 1991. 34-9 pp. Ithaca, New York. In
Eng.
A summary of 1990 U.S. census results concerning changes in
the population of metropolitan areas is presented. "Fewer than
one-quarter of U.S. metropolitan areas grew faster than 2 percent a
year during the 1980s, according to the 1990 census. But Binghamton,
New York, and other cities show that slow-growing markets can
thrive."
Correspondence: J. Schwartz, American
Demographics, 127 West State Street, Ithaca, NY 14850.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20075 United
Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs (New
York, New York). Population growth and policies in
mega-cities: Mexico City. Population Policy Paper, No. 32;
ST/ESA/SER.R/105, ISBN 92-1-151222-0. 1991. vi, 34 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
This study, concerning Mexico City, is one in a
series on population policies and planning issues in the mega-cities of
the developing world. The objective of the series is to examine the
formulation, implementation, and evaluation of population policies in
mega-cities in the context of the relation between population and
development. A chapter is included on demographic characteristics,
with sections on population growth, migration, and population
projections.
Correspondence: U.N. Department of
International Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, United
Nations, 2 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:20076 Zhang, Xing
Quan. Urbanisation in China. Urban Studies, Vol. 28,
No. 1, Feb 1991. 41-51 pp. Abingdon, England. In Eng.
"The paper
describes changes in the rate of Chinese urbanisation since 1945. The
urban population has become concentrated into a few very large cities
and many small towns, with the highest densities on the east coast
where four megalopolises have evolved. The relationship between urban
growth and economic growth is examined, although the manner in which
workplace and residence data are compiled causes problems. Changes in
agricultural technology are now generating labour surpluses in rural
areas and many farmer-workers are moving to urban areas where there is
considerable cultural conflict between rural migrants and their host
urban communities. Government policy has changed, recognising that
attempts to restrict the movement of displaced rural workers to
adjacent small towns is economically inefficient, and promoting the
development of medium-sized cities."
Correspondence: X. Q.
Zhang, Hua Qiao University, Department of Architecture, Quanzhou,
Fujian 362011, China. Location: Princeton University Library
(UES).
57:20077 Roussel,
Veronique. The theory of the critical threshold of
depopulation and the irreversibility of the depopulation process.
[Theorie des seuils critiques de depopulation et irreversibilite du
processus de desertification.] Revue d'Economie Regionale et Urbaine,
No. 5, 1988. 811-26 pp. Poitiers, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The author examines the process of rural depopulation in France and
particularly the theory that once a critical level has been passed, the
process is irreversible. The theory is tested using the example of 23
communes in the Puy de Dome region. She concludes that significant
changes in environmental, political, and economic conditions during the
past 20 years call into question the concept of the irreversibility of
the process. The importance of local conditions that can successfully
influence efforts to arrest depopulation is
stressed.
Correspondence: V. Roussel, Ecole Nationale
d'Ingenieurs des Travaux Agricoles, Amenagement Rural,
Clermont-Ferrand-Marmilhat, France. Location: University of
California Library, Berkeley, CA.
