57:10577 Canada.
Statistics Canada. Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division
(Ottawa, Canada). A portrait of seniors in Canada: target
groups project. Pub. Order No. 89-519. ISBN 0-660-54851-8. Sep
1990. 57, 58 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng; Fre.
Characteristics of
the elderly population in Canada are analyzed based on official data.
Chapters are included on demographic characteristics; living
arrangements and housing; employment, income, and expenditures; health
and safety; and social and cultural
characteristics.
Correspondence: Statistics Canada,
Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division, Ottawa, Ontario K1A
0T6, Canada. Location: New York Public Library.
57:10578 Chesnais,
Jean-Claude. The process of demographic aging. [El
proceso de envejecimiento de la poblacion.] CELADE Serie E, No. 35,
Pub. Order No. LC/DEM/G.87. Nov 1990. 145 pp. U.N. Centro
Latinoamericano de Demografia [CELADE]: Santiago, Chile. In Spa.
The publication presents the text of four lectures on aspects of
demographic aging, which were presented by the author at CELADE in
1987. They concern demographic determinants of changes in the age
structure, financial implications of demographic aging, economic
consequences, and social consequences. An appendix prepared by Susana
Schkolnik includes information on demographic aging in Latin America,
1950-2025.
Correspondence: U.N. Centro Latinoamericano de
Demografia, Edificio Naciones Unidas, Avenida Dag Hammarskjold, Casilla
91, Santiago, Chile. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
57:10579 Delbes,
Christiane; Gaymu, Joelle. The rise in the number of
isolated individuals in France: new trends in behavior?
[Croissance du nombre des isoles en France: vers de nouveaux
comportements?] Population, Vol. 45, No. 3, May-Jun 1990. 501-30 pp.
Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
The authors first
describe the characteristics of the population of France living in
one-person households, with emphasis on the heterogeneity of this
population. They then consider trends in this population over the
period 1962-1982 and analyze the factors associated with its growth.
The major factors are identified as changes in marriage patterns, the
growing trend among the non-married to live on their own, and longer
life expectancy. The importance of geographic differences in the number
of single households is noted.
Correspondence: J. Gaymu,
Institut National d'Etudes Demogaphiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675
Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
57:10580 Deroubaix,
Jean-Claude. The Franco-Belgian and Wallonia-Flanders
frontiers: do they influence the age distributions of the populations
concerned? Some methodological propositions. [Les frontieres
France-Belgique et Wallonie-Flandre: se marquent-elles dans la
repartition par age des populations? Propositions methodologiques.]
Revue Belge de Geographie, Vol. 113, No. 2, 1989. 119-38 pp. Brussels,
Belgium. In Fre.
The impact of current and historical political and
linguistic frontiers on the demographic characteristics of the
populations concerned is examined using the example of the
Franco-Belgian frontier, including the linguistic boundaries between
French and Dutch speakers in Belgium. The emphasis is on alternative
methodologies available to analyze such
factors.
Correspondence: J.-C. Deroubaix, Universite Libre
de Bruxelles, Institut de Sociologie, Laboratoire de Methodologie du
Traitement des Donnees, 50 avenue Franklin Roosevelt, 1050 Brussels,
Belgium. Location: New York Public Library.
57:10581 Hill, John
K. Demographics and the trade balance. Federal
Reserve Bank of Dallas Economic Review, Sep 1989. 1-11 pp. Dallas,
Texas. In Eng.
A simulation model is used to examine the
relationship between changes in the age composition of the U.S.
population and movements in the trade balance. The author finds that
"recent and projected shifts in the age composition of the U.S.
population are capable of producing large swings in the trade balance.
He concludes that much of the current trade deficit reflects mutually
beneficial international exchange. To that extent, the deficit should
not be interpreted as a sign that U.S. living standards will
decline."
Correspondence: J. K. Hill, Federal Reserve Bank
of Dallas, Station K, Dallas, TX 75222. Location: World Bank,
Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
57:10582 Long, John
F. The relative effects of fertility, mortality, and
immigration on projected age structure. In: Future demographic
trends in Europe and North America: what can we assume today? edited
by Wolfgang Lutz. 1991. 503-22 pp. Academic Press: San Diego,
California/London, England; International Institute for Applied Systems
Analysis [IIASA]: Laxenburg, Austria. In Eng.
The author "attempts
to disentangle the relative effects of fertility, mortality, and
migration on the projected age structure. Assuming extreme
alternatives for the future of the U.S. population, [he] shows that, in
the long run, fertility changes have the greatest impact, whereas, in
the short run, the immigration component may matter
most."
Correspondence: J. F. Long, U.S. Bureau of the
Census, Population Estimates and Projections, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10583 Longino,
Charles F.; Soldo, Beth J.; Manton, Kenneth G. Demography
of aging in the United States. In: Gerontology: perspectives and
issues, edited by Kenneth F. Ferraro. ISBN 0-8261-6660-1. LC 89-21789.
1990. 19-41 pp. Springer: New York, New York. In Eng.
Some
characteristics of demographic aging in the United States are
discussed. "These are (1) growth in the absolute size of the elderly
population, (2) changes in the relative number of older persons (i.e.,
structural change), (3) increases in life expectancy, and finally, (4)
the relative increase of the aged in local populations due to
population redistribution." Qualitative factors in planning for an
aging society are also considered.
Correspondence: C. F.
Longino, University of Miami, Department of Sociology, Coral Gables, FL
33124. Location: Princeton University Library (SW).
57:10584 New
Zealand. Department of Statistics (Wellington, New Zealand).
Elderly population of New Zealand. Pub. Order No. 03.110. ISBN
0-477-06472-8. 1990. 54 pp. Wellington, New Zealand. In Eng.
This
publication "brings together a variety of demographic and related
information on the elderly population of New Zealand, including recent
and projected changes in their size, overall pattern of increase, and
age-sex structure. Other topics covered include: geographical
distribution, marital status, ethnicity, living arrangements,
mortality, internal and external migration, income, and labour force
participation."
Correspondence: Department of Statistics,
Private Bag, Wellington, New Zealand. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
57:10585 Pan
American Health Organization [PAHO] (Washington, D.C.). A
profile of the elderly in Costa Rica. PAHO Technical Paper, No.
29, ISBN 92-75-13029-9. 1990. v, 117 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This is one in a series of PAHO studies on the elderly and their
needs in the countries of the Caribbean and Latin America. The
emphasis is on providing data needed to develop policies and programs
for the elderly. The reports contain information on health status,
physical functioning, socioeconomic characteristics, social
relationships, financial situation, and informal care. Data are from a
series of household surveys carried out in the individual countries.
This report concerns Costa Rica; a similar report is available for
Chile.
For reports concerning other countries, see 56:20498.
Correspondence: Pan American Health Organization, 525 23rd
Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20037. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
57:10586
Pardthaisong, Tieng. Psychosocial aspects of
aging. Journal of Population and Social Studies, Vol. 2, No. 2,
Jan 1990. 185-203, 247-8 pp. Nakhonpathom, Thailand. In Tha. with sum.
in Eng.
A rapid fertility decline and a decrease in mortality
levels are changing the age structure of Thailand. The author projects
age distributions by sex up to the end of the twenty-first century.
Psychological aspects of aging based on a U.S. sample are discussed as
they contribute to the understanding of Thailand's changing population
structure and its needs.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
57:10587 Takahashi,
Shigesato. Effects of fertility and mortality change on
aspects of aging in Japan. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of
Population Problems, Vol. 46, No. 3, Oct 1990. 1-15 pp. Tokyo, Japan.
In Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
"The purpose of the present paper is to
review the recent trends in population age structure in Japan and to
assess the demographic determinants of those trends relating to the
impacts of fertility and mortality change on aging." A decline in
cohort mortality and a significant decrease in the birth rate since
1973 have increased the proportion of the aged
population.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10588 United
States. National Institute on Aging. Behavioral and Social Research
Program (Bethesda, Maryland). The Behavioral and Social
Research Program at the National Institute on Aging: history of a
decade. BSR Working Document, Nov 1990. xii, 131 pp. Bethesda,
Maryland. In Eng.
"This document presents a...picture of the first
decade...of the Behavioral and Social Research Program of the [U.S.]
National Institute on Aging. Here one can find the concepts and
challenges in behavioral and social research of special relevance to
aging--in individuals and in social and societal aspects--which have
guided the development of this important arena of research in aging.
The report proceeds to give a picture of challenges for the future;
there are...contributory comments by a number...of scientists in these
fields; and appendices provide informative details of the varied
program activities in supporting and extending such research and
training."
Correspondence: U.S. National Institute on
Aging, Behavioral and Social Research Program, Building 31C, Room 5C32,
Bethesda, MD 20892. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
57:10589 Valkovics,
Emil. Trends in population aging. [A nepesseg
oregedesenek tendenciai.] Statisztikai Szemle, Vol. 68, No. 11, Nov
1990. 869-99 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Hun. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The age structure of the world population between 1950 and 1985 is
analyzed according to changes in fertility, mortality, and
international migration in developing and developed countries.
"Relying on the results of the medium scenario of the population
forecasts prepared by the U.N. Division of International Economic and
Social Affairs, the author demonstrates that aging of the world
population will become a global phenomenon, characteristic of every
region and county of the world, between 1985 and
2025."
Correspondence: E. Valkovics, Mavos-u. 27 V. 2, 112
Budapest, Hungary. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
57:10590 Brambilla,
Donald J.; McKinlay, Sonja M. A prospective study of
factors affecting age at menopause. Journal of Clinical
Epidemiology, Vol. 42, No. 11, 1989. 1,031-9 pp. Elmsford, New
York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper describes a multivariate
analysis of a 3-year prospective study of the covariates of age at
menopause among [2,014 U.S.] women who were randomly sampled from a
general population....median age at last menstruation, estimated from a
model of the marginal distribution of age at menopause, was 50.7 years.
When covariates were considered singly, age at menopause varied with
smoking, education and income but not with marginal status, parity,
location, height, weight or use of either oral contraceptives or
menopausal estrogens. Multivariate analyses showed that education and
income were confounded with smoking status. The results indicate that
many previously identified sources of variation in age at menopause
reflect confounding with smoking and self-selection in target
populations, rather than real effects."
Correspondence: D.
J. Brambilla, New England Research Institute, 9 Galen Street,
Watertown, MA 02172. Location: New York Academy of Medicine.
57:10591 Day,
Lincoln H. Upper-age longevity in low-mortality countries:
a dissenting view. In: Future demographic trends in Europe and
North America: what can we assume today? edited by Wolfgang Lutz.
1991. 117-28 pp. Academic Press: San Diego, California/London, England;
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [IIASA]:
Laxenburg, Austria. In Eng.
The author advises caution concerning
the prospect of increasing life expectancy in developed countries. He
points to environmental pollution, the virulence of infectious
diseases, increased stress, and increased morbidity in aging societies
as possible deterrents to longer life
expectancy.
Correspondence: L. H. Day, Australian National
University, Department of Demography, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10592 Desjardins,
Bertrand; Charbonneau, Hubert. The inheritability of
longevity. [L'heritabilite de la longevite.] Population, Vol. 45,
No. 3, May-Jun 1990. 603-15 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
The relationship between the longevity of parents and
children is examined using data on the population of Quebec during the
seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The data suggest a positive
correlation between longevity of parents and children, particularly for
boys, which is evidence of an inherited component of
longevity.
Correspondence: B. Desjardins, Universite de
Montreal, Programme de Recherche en Demographie Historique, Caisse
Postale 6128, Succursale A, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10593 Duchene,
Josianne; Wunsch, Guillaume. Population aging and the
limits to human life. In: Future demographic trends in Europe and
North America: what can we assume today? edited by Wolfgang Lutz.
1991. 27-40 pp. Academic Press: San Diego, California/London, England;
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [IIASA]:
Laxenburg, Austria. In Eng.
"After a brief overview of the
demographic and actuarial literature concerning mortality laws and life
limit tables, we present some results from the biological literature on
aging and senescence. These results are then used to construct a
hypothetical life limit table conforming to present biological
knowledge. Various demographic consequences for future population
aging are then derived in the final section of this chapter, taking
Japan as an example of a low-mortality
country."
Correspondence: J. Duchene, Universite Catholique
de Louvain, Institute of Demography, 1 Place Montesquieu, Boite 17,
B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
57:10594 Ekonomov,
Arkadii L.; Rudd, Charles L.; Lomakin, Aleksey J.
Actuarial aging rate is not constant within the human life
span. Gerontology, Vol. 35, No. 2-3, Mar-Jun 1989. 113-20 pp.
Basel, Switzerland. In Eng.
"It is often believed that the
mortality intensity in the modern human population undergoes an
exponential growth after 40 years, i.e. the actuarial aging rate is
regarded to be constant after 40 years. To check this assumption we
have calculated local aging rate values for 13 age ranges (within the
interval of 30-92 years) for the male and female population of 48
states of the U.S. (1969-1971). It was found that generally the male
aging rate is not constant but lowers monotonically with time, while
for females the aging rate...[varies over time]. The results obtained
are a warning to those who boldly use Gompertz of Gompertz-Makeham
formulas when describing human aging on the population
level."
Correspondence: A. L. Ekonomov, Interconcepts,
Anti-Aging Group, X111 Beke Ter 12, H-1139 Budapest, Hungary.
Location: University of Pennsylvania, Medical Library,
Philadelphia, PA.
57:10595 Helm,
Peter; Lidegaard, Ojvind. The relationship between
menarche and sexual, contraceptive and reproductive life events.
Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, Vol. 8, No. 1, Mar 1990.
59-63 pp. Stockholm, Sweden. In Eng.
"Relationships between
menarche and sexual, contraceptive, and reproductive life events were
investigated by structured interviews of 585 Danish women, aged 15-45
years. Data were analyzed by multivariate test statistics. The trend
toward an earlier menarche was confirmed. No association was found
between menarche and social class. Women with early menarche had an
earlier coital debut. After correction for coital debut, no
association was observed between menarche and coital frequency, number
of sexual partners, or use of oral contraceptives....The results
suggest that the predictive value of the menarche for sexual and
contraceptive life events is conditioned primarily by the association
between menarche and coital debut."
Correspondence: P.
Helm, Bakkedruget 16, DK-3400, Hillerod, Denmark. Location:
New York Academy of Medicine.
57:10596 Manton,
Kenneth G. New biotechnologies and the limits to life
expectancy. In: Future demographic trends in Europe and North
America: what can we assume today? edited by Wolfgang Lutz. 1991.
97-115 pp. Academic Press: San Diego, California/London, England;
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis [IIASA]:
Laxenburg, Austria. In Eng.
"We presented a model which, by using
the available biomedical data and theory, describes the effects on life
expectancy for certain types of interventions. The results of these
simulations suggest that there is considerable potential for increasing
life expectancy with existing biotechnology. Whether or not these
gains will be realized depends upon society's commitment to continuing
(and expanding) such research and its commitment to disseminating these
health technologies on a mass basis."
Correspondence: K. G.
Manton, Duke University, Center for Demographic Studies, 2117 Campus
Drive, Durham, NC 27706. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
57:10597 Okonofua,
F. E.; Lawal, A.; Bamgbose, J. K. Features of menopause
and menopausal age in Nigerian women. International Journal of
Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Vol. 31, No. 4, Apr 1990. 341-5 pp.
Limerick, Ireland. In Eng.
"The age of menopause and the clinical
features of menopause were investigated by questionnaire survey in 563
Nigerian women of Yoruba descent who have been menopausal for at least
5 years. The mean and median ages of menopause were 48.4 and 48.0
years, respectively. No relationship could be established between
menopausal age and various biosocial factors such as age of menarche,
social class, parity, smoking and place of
residence."
Correspondence: F. E. Okonofua, Obafemi Awolowo
University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics,
Gynaecology and Perinatology, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. Location:
University of Pennsylvania, Medical Library, Philadelphia, PA.
57:10598 Alexander,
Gigi; Cebula, Richard J.; Koch, James V. Geographic
after-tax real income differentials and population growth rates.
Atlantic Economic Journal, Vol. 18, No. 1, Mar 1990. 92 pp.
Edwardsville, Illinois. In Eng.
"The purpose of this [one-page]
note is to empirically investigate the impact of geographic after-tax
real income differentials on geographic population growth rate
differentials. The focus is on population growth rates in Florida's 67
counties over the period 1980-88." The authors conclude that "even
after allowing for a variety of other location-influencing factors,
including coastal access, after-tax real income differentials exercise
a positive and significant impact on population growth rate
differentials among Florida's counties."
Correspondence: G.
Alexander, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322. Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
57:10599 Blackburn,
McKinley L.; Bloom, David E.; Neumark, David. Fertility
timing, wages, and human capital. NBER Working Paper, No. 3422,
Aug 1990. 32, [3] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]:
Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"Women who have first births
relatively late in life [in the United States] earn higher wages. This
paper offers an explanation of this fact based on a simple life-cycle
model of human capital investment and timing of first births. The
model yields conditions (that are plausibly satisfied) under which late
childbearers will tend to invest more heavily in human capital than
early childbearers. The empirical analysis finds results consistent
with the higher wages of late childbearers arising primarily through
greater measurable human capital
investment."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington,
D.C.
57:10600 Clark, W.
A. V.; Davies, Suzanne. Elderly mobility and mobility
outcomes: households in the later stages of the life course.
Research on Aging, Vol. 12, No. 4, Dec 1990. 430-62 pp. Newbury Park,
California. In Eng.
"Recent research has demonstrated that elderly
residential mobility is conditioned more often by economic factors than
is mobility in general. This article explores these issues,
specifically those related to the effects of mobility, aging in place,
and migration on elderly economic well-being. Using the American
Housing Survey national file for 1985, different types of mobility and
migration for households in the later stages of the life course are
examined. The evidence reiterates central city/suburban locational
differences for the elderly, emphasizes the role of house costs and
house cost/income ratios in creating stress for the elderly, and
strongly suggests that the elderly population is not simply grouped
into young-old, old, and old-old, but is better treated in a continuum
of life course changes."
Correspondence: W. A. V. Clark,
University of California, Department of Geography, Los Angeles, CA
90024. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
57:10601 Deaton,
Angus; Paxson, Christina H. Patterns of aging in Thailand
and Cote d'Ivoire. NBER Working Paper, Pub. Order No. 3436. Sep
1990. 26, [19] pp. National Bureau of Economic Research [NBER]:
Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
Data from a series of household
surveys are used to compare living standards among the elderly in the
Cote d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) and Thailand. Factors considered include
"living arrangements, labor force participation, illness, urbanization,
income and consumption. One of the issues we examine is whether
life-cycle patterns of income and consumption can be detected in the
data....We find that labor force participation and individual income
patterns follow the standard life-cycle hump shapes in both countries,
but that average living standards within households are quite flat over
the life-cycle. The data presented suggest that changes in family
composition and living arrangements of the elderly are likely to be
more important sources of old-age insurance than asset
accumulation."
Correspondence: National Bureau of Economic
Research, 1050 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington,
D.C.
57:10602 Downey,
Douglas B. Family size and occupational mobility,
Indianapolis: 1860-1880. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 74,
No. 4, Jul 1990. 197-201 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
"This
paper uses U.S. Census data from Indianapolis to compare occupational
attainments of fathers in 1860 with sons in 1880, classified by family
size. A son from a small family was more likely than a son from a
large family to rise above his father's occupational
category."
Correspondence: D. B. Downey, Indiana
University, Bloomington, IN 47405. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
57:10603 Friesen,
Wardlow. Economic activity and occupation in the Pacific
Islands: issues of census classification and analysis. Asian and
Pacific Population Forum, Vol. 4, No. 2, Summer 1990. 11-8, 29-31 pp.
Honolulu, Hawaii. In Eng.
The author discusses the census
assessment of economic activity and occupation in the Pacific Island
nations of Oceania. "In the Pacific Islands, subsistence and certain
kinds of cash activities are often overlooked, and this omission tends
to make vulnerable groups, especially women, less visible to planners
and politicians. Some progress has been made in incorporating nonwage
and noncash activities into recent classification systems used in
censuses. One of the purposes of the new International Classification
of Occupations...is to provide an improved system of classification for
such activities....Also needed in the Pacific are systems for providing
more meaningful data collection and analysis on the relationship
between individual and household
activities."
Correspondence: W. Friesen, University of
Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 1, New Zealand. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10604 Goldberg,
Gertrude S.; Kremen, Eleanor. The feminization of poverty:
only in America? ISBN 0-275-93691-0. LC 90-7424. 1990. xii, 231
pp. Praeger: New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
"This
study asks whether the feminization of poverty, the tendency of women
and their families to become the majority of the poor, is a phenomenon
unique to the United States. Seven industrialized nations, both
capitalist and socialist, with different degrees of commitment to
social welfare are compared: Canada, Japan, France, Sweden, Poland,
the Soviet Union, and the United States. In each of the countries the
authors analyze information about women, labor market conditions,
equalization policies, social welfare programs, and demographic
variables. This is the first book which uses a cross-national approach
to gain an in-depth understanding of the feminization of poverty in the
industrialized world and to consider anti-poverty policy and strategies
for women in the United States."
Correspondence: Praeger
Publishers, One Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10605 Heisler,
Douglas W. Nationality and wages in 1986 in Riyadh,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Pub. Order No. DA9004788. 1989. 324 pp.
University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's Fourth Economic Development Plan,
1985-1990, proposed to replace foreign workers with Saudis. This study
describes the population and labor force in Riyadh in 1986, estimates
the wage differences by nationality after controlling for other
variables, and evaluates the feasibility of the Fourth Five Year Plan
in the context of the capital."
This work was prepared as a doctoral
dissertation at the University of
Pennsylvania.
Correspondence: University Microfilms
International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 50(9).
57:10606 Margo,
Robert A. The effect of migration on black incomes:
evidence from the 1940 census. Economics Letters, Vol. 31, No. 4,
Dec 1989. 403-6 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Evidence from
the 1940 [U.S.] census reveals that southern-born blacks who left the
region prior to 1935 had higher incomes than non-southern born blacks.
The income gap between migrants and non-migrants declined with
schooling."
Correspondence: R. A. Margo, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, TN 37235. Location: World Bank, Joint
Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
57:10607 Medici,
Andre C. Differences in income distribution data between
the population census and household surveys (PNAD): conceptual and
operational aspects. [Diferenciais de rendimentos entre censos
demograficos e PNADs--aspectos conceituais e operacionais.] Revista
Brasileira de Estatistica, Vol. 49, No. 192, Jul-Dec 1988. 49-64 pp.
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In Por. with sum. in Eng.
"The [purpose] of
this article is to explain the main differences between the concepts
and the [collection procedures] of income distribution data used in
[the] 1980 demographic census and in [the] 1979 and 1981 household
surveys in Brazil. The article also comments [on] some differences
about the data information on income distribution produced by census
and household surveys."
Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
57:10608 Morocco.
Direction de la Statistique. Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches
Demographiques (Rabat, Morocco). Criteria for classifying
households in the study of the relationship between population and
consumption. [Critere de classement des menages pour l'etude des
relations population-consommation.] Sep 1990. 34 pp. Rabat, Morocco. In
Fre.
Problems concerning the classification of households solely by
level of standard of living are reviewed. The importance of taking
into account differences in household size and characteristics of
individuals is noted. Data from a 1985 survey on consumption in
Morocco are used to examine the value of data on housing and on
educational status of head of household for this
purpose.
Correspondence: Direction de la Statistique,
Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Demographiques, B.P. 178, Charii Maa
El Ainain, Rabat, Morocco. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
57:10609 Shin,
Eui-Hang; Lee, Young Hwan. Relative size of the black
population and occupational differentiation in metropolitan areas.
Journal of Black Studies, Vol. 21, No. 1, Sep 1990. 52-71 pp. Newbury
Park, California/London, England. In Eng.
"The primary purpose of
this study is to analyze structural factors affecting the
cross-sectional variation in occupational differentiation between
Blacks and Whites [in the United States]. More specifically, this
study attempts to analyze the relative importance of the effects of
relative size of Black population, education level of Blacks, community
size, industrial structure, demographic characteristics of the labor
force, and region on the cross-sectional variation in occupational
differentiation between Blacks and Whites."
Correspondence:
E.-H. Shin, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208.
Location: Princeton University Library (AAS).
57:10610 Skvoretz,
John; Smith, Shelley A. Changing reward structures and
population distributions: an aggregate analysis of earnings
inequalities in the 1980s. Social Science Research, Vol. 19, No.
4, Dec 1990. 372-98 pp. Duluth, Minnesota. In Eng.
"Trends in the
earnings of [U.S.] women and men and blacks and whites during the 1980s
are examined with a method that distinguishes two sources of earnings
inequality: (1) differences in rewards to labor market divisions and
(2) differences in the distribution of status groups over unequally
awarded divisions." The method, which permits a statistical assessment
of the significance of changes over time in relative status group
earnings, is applied to data from the 1980 and 1987 Current Population
Surveys. "The overtime analysis reveals significant interactions
between year and gender and between year and occupation, both which
serve to improve noticeably the earnings of women relative to men but
for different, and unexpected reasons."
Correspondence: J.
Skvoretz, University of South Carolina, Sociology, Columbia, SC 29208.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
57:10611 Clark, W.
A. V. Residential preferences and neighborhood racial
segregation: a test of the Schelling segregation model.
Demography, Vol. 28, No. 1, Feb 1991. 1-19 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The debate over the role of the forces that create the patterns of
residential separation has identified neighborhood preferences as one
of the explanatory variables, but although we possess some empirical
data on the nature of neighborhood racial preferences, the theoretical
contributions have received only limited empirical evaluation. Among
the theoretical statements, Schelling's model of the effects of small
differences in preferences on residential patterns has provided a basic
building block in our understanding of preferences, choices, and
patterns....This model is at the center of the present paper, which
examines the Schelling concept in some detail and provides empirical
support for his abstract formulations. First, however, the paper sets
the context of studies of neighborhood segregation and residential
preferences, followed by a reiteration of the Schelling thesis and an
analysis of data from several surveys. These preliminary steps allow
us to estimate directly the theoretical distributions proposed by
Schelling." The model is tested empirically using data from telephone
surveys in five U.S. cities.
Correspondence: W. A. V.
Clark, University of California, Department of Geography, Los Angeles,
CA 90024-1524. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10612 Denton,
Nancy A.; Massey, Douglas S. Patterns of neighborhood
transition in a multiethnic world: U.S. metropolitan areas,
1970-1980. Demography, Vol. 28, No. 1, Feb 1991. 41-63 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"In this paper we document changes between
1970 and 1980 in the degree to which three minority groups--blacks,
Hispanics, and Asians--are represented within neighborhoods of
the...largest [U.S.] metropolitan areas. Our scheme for classifying
patterns of neighborhood change relies on two key variables: ethnic
structure and minority composition....We describe the data set and the
definitions used to identify each minority group. Then we
cross-classify the 1970 ethnic structure of neighborhoods by the 1980
ethnic structure and examine the transition of census tracts between
different structural types, focusing on shifts out of the all white
category. Next we consider minority composition and change within
neighborhoods of different structural types. In the final section we
use multivariate models to describe the relative importance of ethnic
structure versus minority composition in predicting racial and ethnic
change within urban neighborhoods, controlling for a variety of
ecological and demographic conditions."
Correspondence: N.
A. Denton, State University of New York, Department of Sociology, 1400
Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
57:10613 Feigelman,
William; Gorman, Bernard S. Blacks who live near whites:
1982 and 1987. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 74, No. 4, Jul
1990. 202-7 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
"This paper
investigates the tendency of Black Americans to live near Whites, using
General Social Survey data from 1982 and 1987. Respondents were asked
whether any whites lived in their neighborhood and how close they
lived. A number of social characteristics of Black people are
investigated and found to influence their tendency to live near whites.
High [socioeconomic status], predictably, relates to greater tendency
to live on the same block with whites....Between the 1982 and 1987
surveys, there is a surprising increase in the tendency of Black people
to live on the same block as White people, despite the lack of evidence
of declining segregation from other sources."
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
57:10614 Haveman,
Robert; Wolfe, Barbara; Spaulding, James. Childhood events
and circumstances influencing high school completion. Demography,
Vol. 28, No. 1, Feb 1991. 133-57 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This
paper is an empirical exploration of the effects [in the United States]
of a variety of family and economic circumstances experienced during
childhood on one indicator of success in young adulthood--high school
completion. The estimates suggest that parental education and mother's
work are positive and significant determinants of high school
completion, whereas growing up in a family with more children (who
compete for resources), being persistently poor and on welfare, and
moving one's residence as a child have significant negative impacts on
high school completion. The effects of some family stress and economic
events differ depending on the age of the child when they occur. The
results support the economic model of investment in children, as well
as the welfare culture and socialization models." Data are from the
1987 tape (Wave 20) of the University of Michigan's Panel Study of
Income Dynamics.
Correspondence: R. Haveman, University of
Wisconsin, Department of Economics, Madison, WI 53706.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10615 Knodel,
John; Wongsith, Malinee. Family size and children's
education in Thailand: evidence from a national sample.
Demography, Vol. 28, No. 1, Feb 1991. 119-31 pp. Washington, D.C. In
Eng.
"Analysis of a large, nationally representative survey shows
that family size exerts a substantial negative influence on the
probability that a child will attend secondary school in Thailand. The
primary mechanism underlying this effect is most likely the dilution of
familial resources available per child associated with larger numbers
of children. The extent and the level of schooling at which this
effect operates vary with the household level of wealth and with rural
or urban residence. Because fertility decline is leading to a major
increase in the proportion of children who come from small families,
falling birth rates contribute to increasing educational attainment in
Thailand."
Correspondence: J. Knodel, University of
Michigan, Population Studies Center, 1225 S. University Avenue, Ann
Arbor, MI 48104. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
57:10616 Lee,
Barrett A.; Wood, Peter B. Is neighborhood racial
succession place-specific? Demography, Vol. 28, No. 1, Feb 1991.
21-40 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper evaluates the
geographic generality of the succession model of neighborhood racial
change for the period 1970 to 1980. Using [U.S.] census data on
racially mixed tracts, we determine whether white-to-black
compositional shifts were equally common across the four regions and 58
central cities in our sample. Substantial variation occurred by region
in the incidence and magnitude of racial succession; tracts in western
cities departed most markedly from expectations. Even in other
regions, some cities experienced more numerous instances of stability
and displacement than of succession. These region and city effects
persist when neighborhood characteristics believed to influence racial
transition are controlled."
This is a revised version of a paper
originally presented at the 1990 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 56, No. 3, Fall
1990, p. 431).
Correspondence: B. A. Lee, Pennsylvania
State University, Department of Sociology, 211 Oswald Tower, University
Park, PA 16802. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10617 van Hoorn,
W. D. Determinants of leaving the parental home.
[Determinanten van het uit huis gaan van kinderen.] Maandstatistiek van
de Bevolking, Vol. 38, No. 11, Nov 1990. 16-22 pp. Voorburg,
Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The factors affecting the
process of grown children leaving the parental home in the Netherlands
are examined using data from the 1988 Netherlands Fertility Survey and
methods of multivariate analysis.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
57:10618 Wright,
James D. Address unknown: the homeless in America.
Social Institutions and Social Change, ISBN 0-202-30364-0. 1989. xix,
170 pp. Aldine de Gruyter: Hawthorne, New York. In Eng.
This study
attempts to answer some basic questions about the homeless in the
United States, such as: "Who are the homeless? How many of them are
there? How did they get to be homeless? Why here? Why now? What
happened in American society in the decade of the 1980's to create this
problem? And now that the problem exists, what, if anything, can be
done to solve it?" The emphasis is on the large-scale social and
economic forces that have operated over the past decade to price an
increasingly large segment of the urban poor out of the housing
market.
Correspondence: Aldine de Gruyter, 200 Saw Mill
River Road, Hawthorne, NY 10532. Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
57:10619 Abu-Lughod,
Janet L. Palestinians: exiles at home and abroad.
Current Sociology/Sociologie Contemporaine, Vol. 36, No. 2, Summer
1988. 61-9, 109-11 pp. London, England. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
An attempt is made to estimate the size and present location of the
Palestinian population. Five major groups are identified: Arabs in
Israel, Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza, Palestinians in the
Arab states adjacent to Israel, Palestinians in the Gulf States, and
Palestinians abroad.
Correspondence: J. L. Abu-Lughod,
Northwestern University, Department of Sociology, Evanston, IL 60201.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
57:10620 Axelrod,
Paul. Cultural and historical factors in the population
decline of the Parsis of India. Population Studies, Vol. 44, No.
3, Nov 1990. 401-19 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The population
decline of the Parsis of India has been the subject of a number of
demographic studies. While descriptive statistical accounts provide
some clues about the causes of the decline, they fail to assess
systematically the cultural and historical factors that are basic for
the decline. This paper identifies the relative roles of low
nuptiality, low fertility, emigration, and intermarriage in that
decline, and the particular aspects of Parsi cultural values and
historical experiences that account for
them."
Correspondence: P. Axelrod, Ripon College,
Department of Anthropology, P.O. Box 248, Ripon, WI 54971.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10621 Belanger,
Alain; Rogers, Andrei. The internal migration and spatial
redistribution of the foreign-born population in the United States:
1965-1970 and 1975-1980. Population Program Working Paper, No.
WP-90-5, Apr 1990. 23, [15] pp. University of Colorado, Institute of
Behavioral Science, Population Program: Boulder, Colorado. In Eng.
The authors analyze internal migration and spatial redistribution
patterns of the foreign-born population in the United States during the
periods 1965-1970 and 1975-1980. "We aggregate the diverse
nationalities into eight different regions of origin: Mexico, Puerto
Rico, Rest of South and Central America, Europe, Asia, Africa, and
Oceania, Canada, and the Rest of the World....We examine the regional
distribution of these eight groups. We also look at the regional
distribution of the new immigrants in order to identify their different
'gateway' locations....We look at the redistribution of the
foreign-born population and its changes over time. We compare the net
migration of each native-specific population subgroup and show its
impact on the different regions....Finally...[we examine] the age
patterns of internal migration for the different subgroups and then
[link] migration and mortality components of change together in a
cohort perspective with a multiregional life table analysis."
This
paper was originally presented at the 1990 Annual Meeting of the
Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 56, No.
3, Fall 1990, p. 422).
Correspondence: University of
Colorado, Institute of Behavioral Science, Population Program, Boulder,
CO 80309. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10622 Desjardins,
Bertrand. Ethnic homogeneity of the Quebec population
during the French regime. [Homogeneite ethnique de la population
quebecoise sous le Regime francais.] Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie,
Vol. 19, No. 1, Spring 1990. 63-76 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with
sum. in Eng; Spa.
The author analyzes the ethnic structure of the
population of Quebec province, Canada, during the French regime. "The
Quebec population [was] defined very early along lines which were kept
subsequently, because immigration contributed only marginally to its
growth. After one century of settlement, spouses whose ethnic origin
was French still represented 97% of the total, with Normandy, the Paris
region and the West of France contributing...about two
thirds."
Correspondence: B. Desjardins, Universite de
Montreal, Departement de Demographie, Programme de Recherche en
Demographie Historique, Caise Postale 6128, Succursale A, Montreal,
Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
57:10623 Dugas,
Clermont. The evolution of ethnic structure in Quebec's
peripheral regions. [Composition et evolution ethniques de regions
peripheriques du Quebec.] Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie, Vol. 19,
No. 1, Spring 1990. 77-94 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
"The main purpose of this paper is to analyse, on the
basis of census data, the evolution of the ethnic structure of the
population in five peripheral regions of Quebec. After some
methodological considerations and a brief discussion of the settlement
structure, the author describes the evolution of ethnic structure over
two sub-periods: 1871-1971 and 1971-1986."
Correspondence:
C. Dugas, Universite du Quebec, Departement des Sciences Humaines, 300
Avenue des Ursulines, Rimouski, Quebec G5L 3A1, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10624 Fleischer,
Henning. Foreigners, 1989. [Auslander 1989.]
Wirtschaft und Statistik, No. 8, Aug 1990. 540-4 pp. Wiesbaden,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The first part of this
article contains data on the foreign population in West Germany in
1989, along with some comparative statistics for earlier years.
Information is included on population size, births and deaths,
international migration, refugees, regional distribution, nationality,
and age structure. The second part provides summary statistics on
foreigners in East Germany.
Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
57:10625 Horton,
Carrell P.; Smith, Jessie C. Statistical record of black
Americans. ISBN 0-8103-7724-1. LC 902242X214. 1990. xi, 707 pp.
Gale Research: Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
The authors attempt to
summarize the published information concerning blacks in the United
States. A population section (pp. 515-50) includes data on population,
1960-1987; urban population; household characteristics; age and sex
distribution; marital status; educational status; labor force; income;
housing; institutional population; families and children; migration;
aged population; population projections; population growth, 1950-1986;
poverty; regional distribution; and residence characteristics. Another
section, entitled vital statistics (pp. 623-81), contains data on
causes of death, birth control, birth rates, death rates, fetal death
rates, infant mortality, life expectancy, maternal mortality, neonatal
mortality, and unmarried mothers. Additional sections present data on
education, the family, health and medical care, housing, income, and
religion.
Correspondence: Gale Research, 835 Penobscot
Building, Detroit, MI 48226-4094. Location: New York Public
Library.
57:10626
Krass-Schneider, Frauke. Population groups and
minorities: handbook of the world's ethnic, linguistic, and religious
population groups. [Bevolkerungsgruppen und Minoritaten: Handbuch
der ethnischen, sprachlichen und religiosen Bevolkerungsgruppen der
Welt.] ISBN 3-515-05431-6. LC 89-206071. 1989. 239 pp. Franz Steiner
Verlag Wiesbaden: Stuttgart, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
This handbook contains summary statistics on ethnic and minority
groups, languages, and religious groups in individual countries of the
world. The data are taken from primary sources whenever possible and
are arranged by country. Indexes of countries, ethnic and minority
groups, languages, and religions are provided. The publication also
includes a bibliography and several maps.
Correspondence:
Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 7000 Stuttgart 1,
Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
57:10627 Pien,
Feng-kuei. The population of Chinese minority
nationalities. Issues and Studies, Vol. 26, No. 4, Apr 1990. 43-62
pp. Taipei, Taiwan. In Eng.
The author analyzes population dynamics
among the minority nationalities of China, which total some 67 million
persons. Sections are included on geographic distribution, population
growth, age composition and sex ratio, educational status, and
controversies concerning family planning.
Location:
Princeton University Library (Gest).
57:10628 Schmelz,
Uziel O. World Jewish population in the 1980s: a short
outline. Division of Jewish Demography and Statistics Occasional
Paper, No. 1989-06, 1989. 24 pp. Hebrew University of Jerusalem,
Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Division of Jewish Demography and
Statistics: Jerusalem, Israel. In Eng.
The author describes the
size and geographic distribution of the worldwide Jewish population in
the 1980s. Demographic trends and differentials among the Jews living
in Israel and those settled in other countries are compared.
Consideration is given to fertility, marriage patterns, family and
household composition, age distribution, migration, and mortality. The
author presents "three versions of projections that are intended to
roughly illustrate plausible evolutions of the Jewish population in the
Diaspora as a whole and the United States particularly, in Israel, and
in the world during the 25-year period from 1985 to
2010...."
Correspondence: Hebrew University of Jerusalem,
Institute of Contemporary Jewry, Division of Jewish Demography and
Statistics, Mount Scopus Campus, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
57:10629 Shu,
Jing. Minority nationalities in China: their social
formation, geographical location, and differentiation from the Han
majority. Pub. Order No. DA8920841. 1989. 168 pp. University
Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"The
dissertation investigates the geographic distribution and socioeconomic
and demographic composition of the fifty-five minority groups in China
in 1982. The data sources are the newly available 100% computerized
tabulations and the 100% manual tabulations of the 1982 Population
Census of China....[It] analyzes the fifty-five Chinese minority groups
and their varying levels of similarity with the Han majority."
This
work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at the University of Texas
at Austin.
Correspondence: University Microfilms
International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 50(4).
57:10630 Universite
des Sciences et Techniques de Lille-Flandres-Artois (Villeneuve d'Ascq,
France). Foreign communities in Europe. [Les
communautes etrangeres en Europe.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No.
2, 1990. [158] pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng; Fre.
This
issue is devoted to the study of foreigners currently resident in the
countries of Western Europe. The papers, which are in English or
French with summaries in both languages, examine the situation of
foreign communities in Belgium, the United Kingdom, Austria, France,
the Netherlands, West Germany, Denmark, and
Luxembourg.
Correspondence: Universite des Sciences et
Techniques de Lille-Flandres-Artois, U.F.R. de Geographie, 59655
Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
