56:30586 Chesnais,
Jean-Claude. The inversion of the age pyramid in Europe:
perspectives and problems. [L'inversion de la pyramide des ages en
Europe: perspectives et problemes.] In: International Population
Conference/Congres International de la Population, New Delhi,
September/septembre 20-27, 1989. Vol. 3, 1989. 53-68 pp. International
Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium.
In Fre.
This study is concerned with the consequences of current
demographic trends in Europe, particularly demographic aging. The
factors that might affect the pace of this process are examined, and
comparisons are made with other regions of the world. A final section
considers how European countries propose to cope with the consequences
of demographic aging. The author concludes that although the short-term
effects may be positive, Europe will face a serious, long-term problem
after the year 2000. These problems can be mitigated, if not resolved,
by redirecting a higher percentage of public expenditures for the
benefit of future labor force
participation.
Correspondence: J.-C. Chesnais, Institut
National d'Etudes Demographiques, 27 rue du Commandeur, 75675 Paris
Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
56:30587 Davies, A.
Michael. Older populations, aging individuals and health
for all. World Health Forum, Vol. 10, No. 3-4, 1989. 299-306 pp.
Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
The author addresses determinants of
and problems concerning demographic aging. Consideration is given to
conditions of the aged, health and functional ability, services for the
elderly, and research on aging. It is concluded that "there are
already 300 million people aged 65 and over and by the year 2000 there
will be over 400 million, two-thirds or more of them in the developing
countries....Although the precise impact of aging on societies awaits
clarification, governments will undoubtedly have to develop social and
health policies so as to adapt equitably to the forces of
change."
Correspondence: A. M. Davies, Hebrew University,
School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical
Ecology, P.O. Box 1172, Jerusalem, 91010 Israel. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30588 Florez, C.
Elisa; Hogan, Dennis P. Demographic transition and life
course change in Colombia. Journal of Family History, Vol. 15, No.
1, 1990. 1-21 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This study investigates changes and differentials in the
organization of the early life course of Colombian women. Life course
events of interest include school enrollment, labor force attachment,
cohabitation (formal and informal marriage), and parenthood. Using a
variety of measures of the timing and synchronization of events, the
early life course is described for Colombian women in terms of
classifications such as birth cohort (indexing demographic and social
modernization), urban and rural residence (indicating the
institutionalization of the life course), and economic class (a measure
of personal affluence). The results of the research are interpreted in
the context of research on the history of the transition to adulthood
in the United States, Norway, and Japan."
The is a revised version
of a paper originally presented at the 1989 Annual Meeting of the
Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 55, No.
3, Fall 1989, p. 419).
Correspondence: C. E. Florez,
University of Los Andes, Center of Studies in Economic Development,
Carrera 1A, No. 18-A-70, Apdo. Aereo 4976, Bogota, Colombia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30589 Grigsby,
Jill S.; Olshansky, S. Jay. The demographic components of
population aging in China. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology,
Vol. 4, 1989. 307-34 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"In this
paper we examine measures of population aging in China from 1953 to
1982, and then project population aging to the year 2050 using a
cohort-components methodology....Results indicate that China's
population will age at an unprecedented rate over the next 70 years,
both in terms of the absolute size of the elderly population and their
proportion of the total population. At least 50 percent of the
projected increase in population aging in China between 1980 and 2050
will be a product of the momentum for aging that is already built into
the present age structure and vital rates. However, prospective trends
in the measures of population aging become increasingly more sensitive
to varying assumptions about fertility and mortality with time, and as
older age groups are considered."
Correspondence: J. S.
Grigsby, Pomona College, Department of Sociology, Claremont, CA 91711.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30590 Ishikawa,
Akira. Decomposition of population aging in Japan since
1947. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, Vol. 45,
No. 3, Oct 1989. 56-65 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
The author
analyzes demographic aging in Japan for 1947-1985. The impact of
changes in fertility and mortality trends on aging is
examined.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30591 Kojima,
Hiroshi. Aging research in ODA, with particular reference
to the NAS Workshop on Aging Demography. Jinko Mondai
Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, Vol. 45, No. 3, Oct 1989. 66-76
pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
The author describes research concerning
aging in Japan including a summary of reports from the Workshop on
Aging Demography held in 1988.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:30592 Kuroda,
Toshio. Aging of labour force and technical progress--the
Japanese experience. NUPRI Reprint Series, No. 29, Mar 1989. 14
pp. Nihon University, Population Research Institute: Tokyo, Japan. In
Eng.
The focus of this paper is on demographic aging in Japan and
its impact on the labor force. The author includes population
projections by age group to the year 2025 and discusses Japan's
changing labor force needs and employment opportunities for elderly
people.
This paper is reprinted from "Economic and Social
Implications of Population Aging," New York, New York, United Nations,
1988, pp. 145-58.
Correspondence: Nihon University,
Population Research Institute, 3-2 Misaki-cho 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 101, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
56:30593 Latten, J.
J.; Sanders, H. Dejuvenation and aging affect many social
aspects. [Ontgroening en vergrijzing raken vele maatschappeljke
terreinen.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 38, No. 6, Jun 1990.
25-30 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The
authors estimate the demographic effects of population aging in the
Netherlands. They discuss the impact of demographic aging on old age
pensions, morbidity patterns, causes of death, and leisure activities.
They predict an increase of one-person households, which will have an
effect on housing preferences and will decrease migration. Estimates
are based on 1989 official data.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:30594 Martin,
Linda G. Emerging issues in cross-national survey research
on ageing in Asia. In: International Population Conference/Congres
International de la Population, New Delhi, September/septembre 20-27,
1989. Vol. 3, 1989. 69-80 pp. International Union for the Scientific
Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"The paper
begins with a brief overview of population ageing and the elderly in
Asia, followed by a description of three recent cross-national research
projects. The next three sections focus on measurement of health,
family support, and financial well-being. The final section summarises
the findings and discusses policy issues and future research." Data
are from World Health Organization surveys in Malaysia, the
Philippines, and the Republic of Korea; Association of South-East Asian
Nations surveys in Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and
Thailand; and United Nations University projects in India, the Republic
of Korea, Singapore, and Thailand.
Correspondence: L. G.
Martin, East-West Center, East-West Population Institute, 1777
East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:30595 Ogawa,
Naohiro. Population aging and household structural change
in Japan. NUPRI Reprint Series, No. 31, Jul 1989. 23 pp. Nihon
University, Population Research Institute: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"The present chapter has discussed, by utilizing a number of
results generated from the NUPRI [Nihon University Population Research
Institute] long-term macroeconomic-demographic-social security model
with HOMES [a household projection model] incorporated, the impact of
the aging of the Japanese population upon total medical expenditure at
both national and household levels and upon the manpower requirements
of taking care of the elderly patients at the familial
level."
Correspondence: Nihon University, Population
Research Institute, 3-2 Misaki-cho 1-chome, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo 101,
Japan.
56:30596 Ogawa,
Naohiro. Population aging and medical demand: the case of
Japan. NUPRI Reprint Series, No. 30, Mar 1989. 22 pp. Nihon
University, Population Research Institute: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"This article examines the impact of the aging of the Japanese
population upon the government medical programme. In the [first]
section...the aging process of the Japanese population is discussed, by
drawing heavily upon a population projection generated by a long-term
macroeconomic-demographic model. The second section deals with an
analysis of the level and pattern of medical demand projected on the
basis of the model." Projected changes in the Japanese labor market to
meet the needs of the elderly are described, and policy implications
are discussed.
This paper is reprinted from "Economic and Social
Implications of Population Aging," New York, New York, United Nations,
1988, pp. 254-75.
Correspondence: Nihon University,
Population Research Institute, 3-2 Misaki-cho 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 101, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
56:30597 Ogawa,
Naohiro. Population change and welfare of the aged.
NUPRI Reprint Series, No. 32, Oct 1989. 26 pp. Nihon University,
Population Research Institute: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"In the
present paper...an attempt will be made to analyse the
interrelationships among population change, the welfare of the aged,
and overall development....We will briefly discuss the demographic
profile of the elderly in Asia....Some of the major linkages among
demographic factors, the socio-economic well-being of the aged, and
developmental processes will be investigated, using a simplified
theoretical framework....Some of the serious problems related to the
welfare of the elderly in Asia will be discussed, with special emphasis
upon both public and family support systems on the basis of findings
obtained from several studies recently conducted."
This paper is
reprinted from "Frameworks for Population and Development Integration,"
U.N. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, Bangkok,
Thailand, 1988, pp. 105-32.
Correspondence: Nihon
University, Population Research Institute, 3-2 Misaki-cho 1-chome,
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101, Japan.
56:30598 Roy, S.
Guha. Perspectives on population ageing in India. In:
Population transition in India, Volume 1, edited by S. N. Singh, M. K.
Premi, P. S. Bhatia, and Ashish Bose. 1989. 291-301 pp. B. R.
Publishing: Delhi, India. In Eng.
"The present study focusses on
the phenomenon of ageing in India, using data mainly from the United
Nations and the national census series. It examines the state of the
aged population, changes in this sub-population in respect to size,
composition and distribution, and the determinants and implications of
the process." Estimated sex and age distributions are projected to the
year 2025. Mortality patterns and causes of death of the elderly and
policy implications for the aged are
discussed.
Correspondence: S. G. Roy, Indian Statistical
Institute, 203 Barrackpore Trunk Road, Calcutta 700 035, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30599 Serow,
William J.; Sly, David F.; Wrigley, J. Michael. Population
aging in the United States. Contributions to the Study of Aging,
No. 18, ISBN 0-313-27311-1. LC 89-25699. 1990. xvii, 220 pp. Greenwood
Press: Westport, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"The purpose
of this book is to review some of the more salient aspects of the
demographic, social, and economic aspects of the aging of the
population of the United States....[It begins with a retrospective
review of the population aging process of the United States throughout
the twentieth century and continues with a prospective view of aging
through most of the next century....[It] deals with trends in numbers
of older persons and the share of the total population represented by
those aged 60 and over. It considers age composition from the
perspective both of the older population relative to the population as
a whole and of the structural change within the older population
itself....[as well as] current projections of the age-race-gender
structure of the U.S. population, as prepared by the Bureau of the
Census...." Chapters are included on the demographic determinants of
population aging; population distribution and migration; family,
household, and housing characteristics; social and economic
characteristics; the health status of the older population; and policy
implications.
Correspondence: Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road
West, Westport, CT 06881. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
56:30600 Sternstein,
Larry. A population geographer's population pyramid.
Journal of Population and Social Studies, Vol. 2, No. 1, Jul 1989.
91-9, 119 pp. Nakhonpathom, Thailand. In Eng. with sum. in Tha.
"A...geographic population profile is proffered which provides
information about the [regional] variation of age-sex values [in
Thailand]. Use of this graphic construct in the exploratory analysis of
the geography of age-sex structure is demonstrated and
advocated."
Correspondence: L. Sternstein, Australian
National University, Department of Geography, Canberra ACT 2601,
Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30601 Vidlakova,
Olga. International Conference on Population: Prague
1989. [Mezinarodni populacni konference: Praha 1989.] Demografie,
Vol. 32, No. 2, 1990. 97-115 pp. Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Cze. with
sum. in Eng; Rus.
This is an overview of an international
population conference held July 3-7, 1989, in Prague, Czechoslovakia.
The topic of the conference was demographic aging in developed
countries. Conference sessions focused on past and future trends in
population aging; natality, mortality, internal migration, and
household composition and demographic aging; living conditions of the
elderly; labor force, pensions, and aging; and social and health care
of the elderly.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
56:30602 Baeg, Kwan
Soo; Lee, Sea Baick. A study on sex ratio variation in
Korea. Journal of Population and Health Studies, Vol. 9, No. 2,
Dec 1989. 34-62 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic of. In Kor. with sum. in
Eng.
"The purpose of this study is to find out the trend of sex
ratio variation in [the Republic of] Korea. The data...were derived
from the government publications including the Population and Housing
Census Reports covering the period of 1960-1985 and the Korea Urbanic
Year Book, 1985. The major findings of the study are summarized as
follows: The average sex ratio in all age groups is 100.17-101.44 from
1960 through 1980. Sex ratio imbalance was most severe in 1960 due to
the Korean War." Sex ratios are compared among urban and rural areas
and for industrialized and agricultural
areas.
Correspondence: K. S. Baeg, Seoul National
University, School of Public Health, Sinlim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151,
Republic of Korea. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
56:30603 Boldsen,
Jesper L.; Jeune, Bernard. Distribution of age at
menopause in two Danish samples. Human Biology, Vol. 62, No. 2,
Apr 1990. 291-300 pp. Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
"It is our purpose
here to find a model for the distribution of age at menopause and to
see whether there is a secular trend in any of the parameter estimates.
To succeed in this, we analyzed two samples of Danish women reporting
their age at menopause....On their own, our data give no strong reason
to assume any change in average age at menopause, but in light of
findings reported by others, the present analysis confirms a trend
toward delayed menopause."
Correspondence: J. L. Boldsen,
University of Odense, Department of Social Medicine, Institute of
Community Health, J. B. Winslows Vej 17, 5000 Odense C, Denmark.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30604 Liu,
Shuang. An analysis of sex ratio at birth of China's
population. Population Research, Vol. 6, No. 3, Sep 1989. 24-30
pp. Beijing, China. In Eng.
"In this paper, a comparative study on
distributive features of China's sex ratio at birth has been made based
on the [1982] census data, and also, an evaluation of data quality is
provided."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30605
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (New York, New
York). Major improvements in life expectancy: 1989.
Statistical Bulletin, Vol. 71, No. 3, Jul-Sep 1990. 11-7 pp. New York,
New York. In Eng.
Changes in life expectancy in the United States
in 1989 are reviewed. Consideration is given to mortality decline,
gender differences, and ethnic groups.
Correspondence:
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, One Madison Avenue, New York, NY
10010. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30606 Borodkin,
F. M. The welfare of the urban population of Siberia:
issues of differentiation (the experience of sociological
investigations). [Blagosostoyanie gorodskogo naseleniya sibiri:
problemi differentsiatsii (opyt sotsiologicheskogo izucheniya).] ISBN
5-02-029111-0. 1990. 348 pp. Nauka: Novosibirsk, USSR. In Rus.
This
monograph summarizes the results of a sociological study of different
socioeconomic groups in the western part of Siberia, USSR, with a focus
on their standard of living and life-style. Aspects considered include
family income, urban residence, housing, labor force, health care,
education, child-care facilities, rural population, occupation, social
status, and region and settlement type.
Correspondence:
Nauka, ul. Sovetskaya 18, 630099 Novosibirsk, USSR. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
56:30607 Canada.
Statistics Canada. Household Surveys Division (Ottawa,
Canada). Family incomes: census families, 1988.
[Revenus des familles: familles de recensement, 1988.] Pub. Order No.
13-208. Jan 1990. 42 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng; Fre.
Data on the
income and economic status of 36,696 households in Canada are
presented. Tables are included on income distribution, family size,
educational level, numbers of earners and dependents, and income of
persons not in families.
Correspondence: Statistics Canada,
Publications Sales, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
56:30608 Fierla,
Irena. Conditioning of socio-demographic transformations
in Suwalskie voivodship. [Uwarunkowania przemian
demograficzno-spolecznych w wojewodztwie suwalskim.] Biuletyn IGS, Vol.
30, No. 3, 1987. 9-30, 263-4, 275-6 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with
sum. in Eng; Rus.
Current trends in socioeconomic characteristics
for Suwalskie voivodship, Poland, are examined. Factors affecting
migration patterns, changes in age distribution, labor force
participation, and human resources are discussed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30609 Poston,
Dudley L.; Jia, Zhongke. The economic attainment patterns
of foreign-born workers in the United States. Population and
Development Program Working Paper Series, No. 1.01, 1989. 72 pp.
Cornell University, Department of Rural Sociology, Population and
Development Program: Ithaca, New York. In Eng.
"The economic
attainment patterns, specifically annual earnings, of [male and female
migrants to the United States] born in 93 countries of the world are
examined and compared among themselves, as well as with the seven main
U.S.-born groups of Anglos, Blacks, Mexican Americans, Puerto Ricans,
Cuban Americans, Asian Americans, and American Indians....We then turn
attention to the determinants of these patterns. For all foreign-born
groups, one at a time, we first examine the degree to which
individual-level, i.e., human capital, factors are capable of
accounting for variation in patterns of annual earnings. Second, we
examine the degree to which group-level, or structural, factors account
for the variation among the groups of immigrants in their average
economic attainment." Data are from the 1980 U.S.
census.
Correspondence: Cornell University, Department of
Rural Sociology, Population and Development Program, 134 Warren Hall,
Ithaca, NY 14853-7801.
56:30610
Schwodiauer, Gerhard; Wenig, Alois. The impact of
taxation on the distribution of wealth in an economy with changing
population. Journal of Population Economics, Vol. 3, No. 1, 1990.
53-71 pp. New York, New York/Berlin, Germany, Federal Republic of. In
Eng.
The authors examine the determinants of the personal
distribution of income and wealth using an overlapping generations
model in which all individuals are assumed to be identical except for
their inherited wealth. "It is shown that, in general, higher tax rates
reduce distributive inequality as long as the rate of interest is
exogenously given. In steady state, however, where the rate of
interest is determined endogenously, increasing taxation and higher
social security payments both diminish the capital labor ratio so that
the rate of interest rises. If this interest effect is strong enough
then it may outbalance the tendency toward more equality because higher
interest rates enhance initial differences in the distribution of both
income and wealth and, eventually, the inequality in the distribution
of income and wealth in the society." The geographical focus is on
developed countries.
Correspondence: G. Schwodiauer,
University of Bielefeld, Faculty of Economics, Universitatsstrasse,
D-4800 Bielefeld 1, Federal Republic of Germany. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30611 Short,
Kathleen S.; Littman, Mark S. Transitions in income and
poverty status: 1985-86. Current Population Reports, Series P-70:
Household Economic Studies, No. 18, Jun 1990. iv, 69 pp. U.S. Bureau
of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report presents data
from the complete 1985 panel file of the [U.S.] Survey of Income and
Program Participation (SIPP) on changes between 1985 and 1986 in the
income and poverty status of persons." Data are presented by age, race
and Hispanic origin, educational attainment, region, type of residence,
and family size.
Correspondence: U.S. Government Printing
Office, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30612 Vecernik,
Jiri. Income and consumption among the elderly: analysis
and comparison of selected aspects. [Prijmy a spotreba v "tretim
veku": analyza a komparace nekterych aspektu.] Demografie, Vol. 32,
No. 1, 1990. 17-26 pp. Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Cze. with sum. in
Eng; Rus.
Income and expenditures among the elderly population in
Czechoslovakia are analyzed. The effects of retirement and pensions on
life-style are compared with those of France's
elderly.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30613 von
Weizsacker, Robert K. Demographic change, public finance,
and income distribution. [Demographischer Wandel, Staatshaushalt
und Einkommensverteilung.] In: Einkommensverteilung und
Bevolkerungsentwicklung, edited by Bernhard Felderer. Schriften des
Vereins fur Socialpolitik, Gesellschaft fur Wirtschafts- und
Sozialwissenschaften, Vol. 187, 1989. 31-84 pp. Duncker und Humblot:
Berlin, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
A theoretical model
is presented for analyzing the relationships among demographic change,
public finance (including the tax system and old-age insurance), the
reactions of individuals, and income distribution. Particular
attention is given to the correlation between age structure and income
distribution. The emphasis is on developed
countries.
Correspondence: Duncker und Humblot,
Dietrich-Schafer-Weg 9, Postfach 410329, 1000 Berlin 41, Federal
Republic of Germany. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
56:30614 Waldrop,
Judith. Up and down the income scale. American
Demographics, Vol. 12, No. 7, Jul 1990. 24-7, 30 pp. Ithaca, New York.
In Eng.
The author examines income characteristics of U.S.
households, based on the Census Bureau's 1989 Current Population
Survey. She has divided all households into three income categories:
downscale, midscale, or upscale. income distribution is categorized by
the age of the head of the household.
Correspondence:
Judith Waldrop, American Demographics, 108 North Cayuga Street, Ithaca,
NY 14850. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30615 Bruno,
Rosalind R. School enrollment--social and economic
characteristics of students: October 1988 and 1987. Current
Population Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 443,
Apr 1990. vi, 201 pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In
Eng.
"This report presents detailed tabulations of [U.S.] data on
school enrollment of the civilian noninstitutional population in
October 1987 and 1988. It also includes summary time series of data
collected since the beginning of the survey. The data are from the
October school enrollment supplement to the Current Population Survey
(CPS)....The data cover [all school] enrollment...and are shown by the
following person characteristics: age, sex, race, Hispanic origin,
marital status, family status, family income, education of householder,
labor force status, metropolitan residence, region, and mother's labor
force status and education (for preprimary
enrollment)."
Correspondence: U.S. Bureau of the Census,
Washington, D.C. 20233. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
56:30616 Hirschl,
Thomas A. Homelessness: a sociological research
agenda. Population and Development Program Working Paper Series,
No. 1.16, Dec 1989. 29 pp. Cornell University, Department of Rural
Sociology, Population and Development Program: Ithaca, New York. In
Eng.
"The purpose of this article is to identify an appropriate
research framework for testing different sociological theories of
homelessness [in the United States]." A definition of homelessness is
proposed, research on the homeless since 1980 is reviewed, and
recommendations for conducting longitudinal research are
presented.
Correspondence: Cornell University, Department
of Rural Sociology, Population and Development Program, 134 Warren
Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853-7801.
56:30617 Jowett, A.
John. Patterns of literacy in the People's Republic of
China. GeoJournal, Vol. 18, No. 4, 1989. 417-27 pp. Dordrecht,
Netherlands. In Eng.
"The recent publication of data from the 1982
census permits an assessment of the patterns, progress and problems of
illiteracy in China. Educational progress, since the communists came to
power in 1949, has been particularly impressive, especially in relation
to the low levels of income within the People's Republic.
Nevertheless, nearly a third of the country's population are still
unable to read and write and major variations in literacy exist between
the developed and less developed regions, between men and women,
between the urban and rural areas, between the various age groups and
among the many ethnic groups that constitute the People's Republic of
China....By stressing the value of labour, including child labour, the
agricultural responsibility system has generated a surprising decline
in school attendance which may jeopardise future improvements in
literacy, particularly so among the poorer people in the poorer areas
of China."
Correspondence: A. J. Jowett, University of
Glasgow, Department of Geography, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30618 Mukherjee,
S. P.; Chattopadhyay, A. K. Social and occupational
mobility: measurement and inference. In: Population transition in
India, Volume 1, edited by S. N. Singh, M. K. Premi, P. S. Bhatia, and
Ashish Bose. 1989. 483-98 pp. B. R. Publishing: Delhi, India. In Eng.
"The features of social and occupational mobility can be
represented by using Markovian and semi-Markovian models. In the
present paper a few of them have been discussed. Some useful measures
of social and occupational mobility have been considered. Large sample
distributions of some of the estimated measures and related testing
problems have been studied." A study of social mobility in Great
Britain is used as an illustration.
Correspondence: S. P.
Mukherjee, Calcutta University, Department of Statistics, College
Street, Calcutta, West Bengal 700 073 India. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30619 Sarmad,
Khwaja; Husain, Fazal; Zahid, G. M. The education sector
in Pakistan. PIDE Research Report Series, No. 156, 1989. 38 pp.
Pakistan Institute of Development Economics [PIDE]: Islamabad,
Pakistan. In Eng.
Educational status in Pakistan during the period
1951-1987 is examined. "The level of illiteracy is a staggering 70
percent and there are wide inter-regional, inter-gender and
inter-provincial inequalities in the distribution of the literate
population and of educational services....Over time there has been a
decline in the quality of education, particularly at the higher levels,
while the amount of wastage in terms of the number of pupils dropping
out of the system, remains at a high level." Low levels of government
and private sector expenditures on education are considered to be the
main cause of the inadequate educational system. Data are from
censuses and surveys.
Correspondence: Pakistan Institute of
Development Economics, Post Box 1091, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30620 del Pinal,
Jorge H.; DeNavas, Cavinen. The Hispanic population in the
United States: March 1989. Current Population Reports, Series
P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 444, May 1990. 39 pp. U.S.
Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report
presents data on the demographic, social, and economic characteristics
of the Hispanic population in the United States. The Bureau of the
Census collected this information in the March 1989 supplement to the
Current Population Survey (CPS)....This is the first report in the
annual series of CPS reports on the Hispanic population to present data
for Hispanic households on urban and rural residence, tenure,
availability of telephone, and income."
Correspondence:
U.S. Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents,
Washington, D.C. 20402. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
56:30621 Haskey,
John. The ethnic minority populations of Great Britain:
estimates by ethnic group and country of birth. Population Trends,
No. 60, Summer 1990. 35-8 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"This
article presents the latest estimate of the total ethnic minority
population (derived from the 1986, 1987, and 1988 Labour Force
Surveys): 2.58 million, or 4.7 per cent of the total population of
Great Britain. Just over one half...of the ethnic minority population
is of Indian, Pakistani or Bangladeshi ethnic origin; about one fifth
is of West Indian ethnic group; and one in nine is of mixed ethnic
origin. The article also gives information on the age distributions of
the different ethnic groups and an analysis of their countries of
birth."
Correspondence: J. Haskey, Office of Population
Censues and Surveys, Demographic Analysis and Vital Statistics
Division, St. Catherines House, 10 Kingsway, London WC2 6JP, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30622 Krotki,
Karol J.; Odynak, Dave. The emergence of multiethnicities
in 1981 and 1986: their sociocultural significance. Population
Research Laboratory Discussion Paper, No. 63, Feb 1990. 40 pp.
University of Alberta, Department of Sociology, Population Research
Laboratory: Edmonton, Canada. In Eng.
"The purpose of this chapter
is to report what use the 24 million Canadian respondents made of the
new freedom to report their ethnicities and to undertake a first
attempt at developing analytic means of drawing conclusions from the
reported multiethnicities, much more numerous than the number of
Canadians." A comparison of the numbers and proportions of
self-reporting ethnic groups is made between the 1971 and 1986
censuses. Multiethnicity as an outcome of intermarriage and its
cultural implications are discussed.
Correspondence:
University of Alberta, Department of Sociology, Population research
Laboratory, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H4, Canada. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30623 Lowe,
Jeremy. The Australian Maori population; nga Maori ki
ahitereria. ISBN 0-908601-69-7. May 1990. 58 pp. New Zealand
Planning Council: Wellington, New Zealand. In Eng.
"It is timely to
assess the size and characteristics of the Australian Maori population,
and to reassess the significance of movement between New Zealand and
Australia for the future of the New Zealand-resident Maori
population....The early sections of the report assess the reliability
of the available historical record and the information available from
the 1986 Australian Census. An examination of the characteristics of
the Australia-resident Maori population follows, with the emphasis on
the Australian totals. Trans-Tasman migration of Maori and its
demographic implications are then considered. The final section deals
with the state and territory populations. The Appendices review the
more technical aspects of establishing the total size of the Australia-
and New Zealand-resident Maori populations, the projected growth of
these populations, how to obtain further Australian census data, and
recommendations for improving the comparability of the Australian and
New Zealand censuses."
Correspondence: New Zealand Planning
Council, P.O. Box 5066, Wellington, New Zealand. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30624 Poulain,
M.; Eggerickh, T. Demographic analysis of the foreign
population in Belgian cities (1983-1988). [De demografische
kenmerken van de vreemde bevolking in de Belgische Steden (1983-1988).]
Bevolking en Gezin, No. 1, 1990. 77-92 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut.
with sum. in Eng.
"This paper presents the main results of a
demographic analysis of the foreign population in Belgian cities....The
data, presented by sex, five year age-groups and main nationalities,
show how the urban populations have evolved during this recent period.
In all cases, E.C. [European Community] populations present the same
demographic behaviour as Belgians, whilst among the non-E.C.
populations, Turkish and Maghrebian [populations] show the larger
differences. Age structure, natural increase and migration are
approached in this paper, and the authors end up by showing that the
major change in the near future will be the greater increase of the
non-E.C. population born in Belgium." Data are from vital statistics
records for the period 1983 to 1988.
Correspondence: M.
Poulain, Nationaal Fonds voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 1 Place
Montesquieu, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:30625 van der
Haegen, H. The population of foreign nationality and its
influence on Belgian demography. [De bevolking van vreemde
nationaliteit en haar impact op de Belgische demografie.] Bevolking en
Gezin, No. 1, 1990. 7-36 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum. in
Eng.
The author compares population characteristics of native
Belgians and foreign-born migrants living in Belgium. Regional
variations in the demographic impact of the migrants are also
discussed. Migrant place of origin and the size of the migrant
population for all regions of Belgium are
described.
Correspondence: H. van der Haegen, Katholieke
Universiteit Leuven, Instituut voor Sociale en Economische Geografie,
W. de Croylaan 42, 3030 Louvain, Belgium. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:30626 Yusuf,
Farhat. Size and sociodemographic characteristics of the
Afghan refugee population in Pakistan. Journal of Biosocial
Science, Vol. 22, No. 3, Jul 1990. 269-79 pp. Cambridge, England. In
Eng.
"Some recent data are presented on the size and selected
sociodemographic characteristics of the Afghan refugee population in
Pakistan. Although the official figures show that there were 3.27
million registered Afghan refugees in Pakistan, it is estimated that
the actual number may be as high as 3.6 million. There is an excess of
females over males, mainly due to war-related activities and excessive
casualties particularly among males. While infant and childhood
mortality rates are declining and are lower than the levels prevalent
in Pakistan, as well as in Afghanistan during the pre-war period, the
fertility levels among Afghan refugees seem very high
indeed."
Correspondence: F. Yusuf, Macquarie University,
School of Economic and Financial Studies, New South Wales 2109,
Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
