56:20039 Adugna,
Aynalem; Kloos, Helmut. Two population distribution maps
for Ethiopia based on the 1984 census. Northeast African Studies,
Vol. 9, No. 1, 1987. 89-95 pp. East Lansing, Michigan. In Eng.
Rural and urban maps showing population distribution in Ethiopia
are presented using data from the 1984 census. "In the analysis two
variables, area cultivated by woreda [or subdistrict] and rural-rural
migrations, are given special emphasis due to the dependence of the
majority of the population (86 percent) on agriculture and the strong
relationship between rainfall and intensity of
agriculture...."
Correspondence: A. Adugna, Addis Ababa
University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
56:20040 Aiken,
Charles S. A new type of black ghetto in the plantation
South. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol. 80,
No. 2, Jun 1990. 223-46 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"In the wake
of the Civil Rights Movement, the War on Poverty, and alterations in
agriculture, the black population in the plantation regions of the
[U.S.] South has been redistributed....This article assesses recent
spatial changes in the municipal black population in the Yazoo Delta, a
nonmetropolitan region of Mississippi. At the regional scale, unequal
changes in white and black municipal populations produced an increase
in segregation among the municipalities of the Yazoo Delta. At the
local scale, a pattern of residential desegregation has emerged in
particular municipalities. This pattern is indicative of a stage in
the transformation of the municipalities into ones in which the
population is essentially all black. The geography of municipalities
that are now predominantly black not only has been altered by movement
of blacks into the previously white residential areas, but also by
construction of new federally-sponsored housing and by decline and
restructuring of the business district."
Correspondence: C.
S. Aiken, University of Tennessee, Department of Geography, Knoxville,
TN 37996. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
56:20041 Fanchette,
Sylvie. Population density and urbanization of rural
areas: the case of the Nile Delta. [Densites de population et
urbanisation de l'espace rural: le cas du Delta du Nil.] Revue
Tiers-Monde, Vol. 31, No. 121, Jan-Mar 1990. 29-56 pp. Paris, France.
In Fre.
The process of increasing population density in the Nile
Delta region of Egypt and its implications are analyzed. The author
concludes that increased population growth in the already highly
populated Delta region has only been possible because of the area's
change from predominantly rural to increasingly urban in nature. The
various policy initiatives that have been taken in response to the
Delta region's growing population and socioeconomic development needs
are reviewed.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
56:20042 Long,
Larry. Population by the sea. Population Today, Vol.
18, No. 4, Apr 1990. 6-8 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author
refutes the often-repeated statistic that three-fourths of the
population of the United States live within 50 miles of a coastline.
He presents data from the Bureau of the Census for resident populations
of counties within 50 miles of coastal shorelines for the period
1940-1980. Findings indicate that the proportion is just over 53
percent for 1988 but that the population residing near the coast on a
part-time basis, such as retirees and vacationers, has increased
dramatically in recent years.
Correspondence: L. Long, U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Center for Demographic Studies, Washington, D.C.
20233. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:20043 Ortolani,
Mario. The new population geography. [La nouvelle
geographie de la population.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3,
1989. 317-22 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
This is a review of works and textbooks relating to population
geography published since 1946. The author contends that the trend
among modern scholars is toward mathematical formulas that have little
to do with human populations and their spatial
distribution.
Correspondence: M. Ortolani, Universita di
Bologna, Istituto di Geografia, Via San Giacomo 3, Bologna, Italy.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:20044 Brueckner,
Jan K. Analyzing third world urbanization: a model with
empirical evidence. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol.
38, No. 3, Apr 1990. 587-610 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
The
purpose of this article is to develop and test an elementary model of
urbanization in the developing world. "The analysis embeds the urban
economist's monocentric-city model in an economy experiencing
rural-urban migration. When real-income equalization between city and
countryside is assumed, the model generates an equilibrium city size
that depends on three key ratios, the most important of which is the
rural-urban income ratio. By showing that urbanization levels in a
sample of third-world countries are inversely related to the
rural-urban income ratio, as predicted by the theory, the empirical
work offers support for the real-income-equalization
hypothesis."
Correspondence: J. K. Brueckner, University of
Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPIA).
56:20045 Cole, John
P. Changes in the population of larger cities of the USSR,
1979-1989. Soviet Geography, Vol. 31, No. 3, Mar 1990. 160-72 pp.
Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"An overview of the dynamics of
Soviet cities of over 100,000 population for the period 1979-1989 is
presented, based largely on maps and tables depicting five key
'subsets' or city groupings: (a) cities increasing by over 100,000
inhabitants; (b) the fastest growing cities in percentage terms; (c)
their comparison with fastest growing cities, 1959-1979; (d) the
slowest growing cities in percentage terms; and (e) their comparison
with slowest growing cities, 1959-1979. The paper, by focusing on
these parameters and utilizing extensively graphic and cartographic
methods of data presentation, provides...insights into city growth
trends...."
Correspondence: J. P. Cole, University of
Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
56:20046 Dupaquier,
Jacques; Oddo, Bertrand. 1789-1989: two centuries of
urbanization. [1789-1989: deux siecles d'urbanisation.] INSEE
Premiere, No. 44, Nov 1989. 4 pp. Institut National de la Statistique
et des Etudes Economiques [INSEE]: Paris, France. In Fre.
The
authors briefly review trends in urbanization in France over the past
200 years. Regional differences in urbanization are
considered.
Correspondence: INSEE, 18 boulevard Adolphe
Pinard, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:20047 Fontaine,
Francois. The major regional cities and their strong
points. [Les metropoles regionales a la recherche de leurs points
forts.] Economie et Statistique, No. 230, Mar 1990. 17-30, 81, 83 pp.
Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
Characteristics of
the major regional urban centers of France are examined. Despite clear
regional differences, the author notes a common interest among these
cities in developing advanced communications, research, educational,
and leisure facilities, which will provide increased opportunities for
highly skilled jobs.
Correspondence: F. Fontaine, Institut
National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, 10-12 boulevard
Vauban, 59800 Lille, France. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
56:20048 Garza,
Gustavo. Evolution of Mexico City in the twentieth
century. In: International Population Conference/Congres
International de la Population, New Delhi, September/septembre 20-27,
1989. Vol. 2, 1989. 201-9 pp. International Union for the Scientific
Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"The objective
of this paper is to analyse the urban and demographic growth stages of
Mexico City during the twentieth century and [discuss] the main
metropolitan problems it faces." The problems addressed include
population growth, underemployment, housing, slums, land and food
supplies, educational and health services, and
environment.
Correspondence: G. Garza, Colegio de Mexico,
Camina al Ajusco 20, Mexico DF, 10740 Mexico. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:20049 George,
Pierre. Urban borders: peripheral effects of
urbanization. [Les franges urbaines: les effets marginaux de
l'urbanisation.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1989. 357-64 pp.
Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The author
reviews trends in urbanization in the region of Paris since the
beginning of the twentieth century. Comparisons are made with cities
in Canada and Mexico.
Correspondence: P. George, Institut
de France, Academie des Sciences Morales et Politiques, 23 quai de
Conti, 75006 Paris, France. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
56:20050
Guerin-Pace, France; Pumain, Denise. 150 years of
urban growth. [150 ans de croissance urbaine.] Economie et
Statistique, No. 230, Mar 1990. 5-16, 81, 83 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
with sum. in Eng; Spa.
Trends in urbanization in France over the
past 150 years are reviewed. The authors note that over this period,
the number of French cities has increased by a factor of three, and
that of urban residents by a factor of seven. Regional differences in
urban trends are examined. A continuity in the national urban
hierarchy over time is established, with Paris in a highly dominant
position.
Correspondence: F. Guerin-Pace, Centre National
de la Recherche Scientifique, Equipe P.A.R.I.S., Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:20051 Kowalska,
Anna; Witkowski, Janusz. Environmental and demographic
characteristics of large towns in Poland. [Srodowiskowa i
demograficzna charakterystyka duzych miast w Polsce.] Biuletyn IGS,
Vol. 30, No. 1, 1987. 105-27 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
The
environmental and demographic characteristics of major urban areas in
Poland are described.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
56:20052 Kozlov, G.
S.; Misnikov, Yu. G. Social and demographic principles in
an alternative typology of cities. Soviet Geography, Vol. 31, No.
2, Feb 1990. 83-95 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"The
authors challenge some conventional notions regarding the USSR's urban
hierarchy and settlement network and the basis for functional city
classifications. They assign a key role to technological and social
change in the overall growth and development process and downplay the
role of territorial production complexes vis-a-vis large cities as
major regulators of future economic development. Considerable
attention is devoted to identifying stages of urban interaction
(especially via migration and innovation diffusion) with the rural
hinterland and of social-demographic transformations accompanying
scientific and technical progress. A city typology based on stages in
the 'social-demographic transition' is outlined briefly."
This is a
translation of the Russian article in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR:
Seriya Geograficheskaya (Moscow, USSR), No. 5, 1989, pp. 101-11.
Correspondence: G. S. Kozlov, Byelorussian Urban Design
and Planning Institute, Minsk, USSR. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
56:20053 Laquian,
Aprodicio. Megacities in China. In: International
Population Conference/Congres International de la Population, New
Delhi, September/septembre 20-27, 1989. Vol. 2, 1989. 211-24 pp.
International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]:
Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
Large urban cities in China are discussed,
with a focus on the policies that have limited both urban and
population growth. The author discusses the origins of China's urban
policies, its internal migration policy, and metropolitan and regional
planning affecting urbanization.
Correspondence: A.
Laquian, United Nations Population Fund, Beijing, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:20054 Le Mee,
Rene. The towns of France and their population from 1806
to 1851. [Les villes de France et leur population de 1806 a 1851.]
Annales de Demographie Historique, 1989. 321-93 pp. Paris, France. In
Fre.
Statistical tables are presented for the urban population of
France from 1806 to 1851. Data are from official sources, including
surveys and censuses, and are presented separately by
department.
Correspondence: R. Le Mee, Ecole des Hautes
Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Laboratoire de Demographie Historique, 54
boulevard Raspail, 75006 Paris, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:20055 Lee,
Yok-shiu F. Small towns and China's urbanization
level. China Quarterly, No. 120, Dec 1989. 771-86 pp. London,
England. In Eng.
Recent trends in urbanization in China are
analyzed. The author concludes that much of the reported increase in
the percentage of urban population from 20.8 in 1982 to 46.6 in 1987 is
due to an administrative change whereby many rural areas have come
under the administration of small towns.
Correspondence: Y.
F. Lee, East-West Center, Environment and Policy Institute, 1777
East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
56:20056 Mera,
Koichi. Megacity transformations: the case of Tokyo.
In: International Population Conference/Congres International de la
Population, New Delhi, September/septembre 20-27, 1989. Vol. 2, 1989.
225-35 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of Population
[IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
The rejuvenation of Tokyo, Japan,
during the 1980s is discussed as an example of a large metropolis
reversing previous decline. "A number of factors are...[examined as]
the causes of the rejuvenation. They include the structural change of
the economy toward service orientation, the distribution of public
investment, increased reliance of the economy on information processing
and transmission, increased money flows, and the internationalisation
of the financial sector."
Correspondence: K. Mera, Tokyo
International University, Tokyo, Japan. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:20057 Min,
Mal-Soon. A territorial division of labor in the Seoul
metropolitan area. Bulletin of the Population and Development
Studies Center, Vol. 18, 1989. 1-11 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic of. In
Eng.
Changes in urban spatial distribution associated with rapid
economic development in the Republic of Korea are analyzed. The author
notes that Korea has followed a pattern similar to that of other
developing countries. "Along with its economic development,
improvements in transportation and communication technologies have
accelerated decentralization of population and industries, and have
widened the daily urban system of this large primate city. As a
result, a territorial division of labor as well as a separation of work
place from home has occurred. In spite of the early stage of
suburbanization, the central city of the Seoul Metropolitan Area is
proceeding from a goods-processing center to an information-processing
one."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:20058 Nath,
V. Urbanization and urban development in India: some
policy issues. International Journal of Urban and Regional
Research, Vol. 13, No. 2, Jun 1989. 256-81 pp. London, England. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre; Ger; Spa.
Urban trends in India over the period
1961-1981 are analyzed, and prospects for further urban growth until
the end of this century are assessed. "Trends in distribution of the
urban population by cities and smaller urban places, inter-state
variations in urbanization and changes in the contribution of the urban
population to the national GDP are reviewed, and the implications of
the trends and projections for national policies on urban and regional
development are referred to briefly." Particular attention is given to
the social and economic problems associated with urbanization and to
their resolution.
Location: Princeton University Library
(UES).
56:20059 Neumann,
Hans; Usbeck, Hartmut. Trends and perspectives of city
regions. [Trends und Perspektiven von Grossstadtregionen.]
Petermanns Geographische Mitteilungen, Vol. 133, No. 4, 1989. 255-64
pp. Gotha, German Democratic Republic. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
Future trends in urbanization in East Germany are examined. The
focus is on the impact that technological and industrial change will
have on urban trends. Consideration is given to changes in area
utilization and employment as well as to changes in urban spatial
distribution.
Correspondence: H. Neumann, Akademie der
Wissenschaften der DDR, Institut fur Geographie und Geookologie,
Georgi-Dimitroff-Platz 1, 7010 Leipzig, German Democratic Republic.
Location: Princeton University Library (SG).
56:20060 Oberai, A.
S. Rapid population growth, employment and housing in
mega-cities in developing countries. In: International Population
Conference/Congres International de la Population, New Delhi,
September/septembre 20-27, 1989. Vol. 2, 1989. 187-99 pp. International
Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium.
In Eng.
The author describes problems in urban population growth
and poverty in the large cities of developing countries. "The purpose
of this paper is twofold. First, to examine the implications of rapid
urban population growth for employment, poverty and access of the poor
to housing and basic social services. Second, to assess institutional
and other constraints on increasing employment opportunities and
meeting the needs of the urban poor for
shelter."
Correspondence: A. S. Oberai, ILO, Employment
Planning and Population Branch, Employment and Development Department,
4 route des Morillons, 1211 Geneva 22, Switzerland. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
56:20061 Palumbo,
George; Sacks, Seymour; Wasylenko, Michael. Population
decentralization within metropolitan areas: 1970-1980. Journal of
Urban Economics, Vol. 27, No. 2, Mar 1990. 151-67 pp. San Diego,
California. In Eng.
Using a data set that maintains geographic and
fiscal continuity over time and across a sample of major U.S.
metropolitan areas, the authors identify factors of economic and
population decentralization that affected central city areas between
1970 and 1980. The problems of annexation are resolved by estimating
population changes for central cities and suburban areas with constant
1980 boundaries, and by calculating fiscal variables from overlapping
jurisdictions by city area as opposed to municipal city government
only. "The empirical investigation supports the view that demographic
and housing stock variables seem to have had a greater impact on
decentralization than central city-suburban fiscal
differences."
Correspondence: G. Palumbo, Canisius College,
Department of Economics, 2001 Main Street, Buffalo, NY 14208.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
56:20062 Petrakos,
George; Brada, Josef C. Metropolitan concentration in
developing countries. Kyklos, Vol. 42, No. 4, 1989. 557-78 pp.
Basel, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Ger.
"We examine the
economic, political and cultural determinants of urban concentration in
developing countries using a sample of 53 countries. We find that as
countries develop, urban concentration, measured as the largest city's
share of the population, at first increases and then decreases. We also
find that foreign investment influences concentration in a similar way
since foreign investors tend to locate in the main city at low levels
of development but are willing to locate outside the center in more
developed countries. Political and cultural factors such as lack of
democracy, government instability and religiously and [ethnically]
homogeneous populations all contribute to high levels of urban
concentration. For many developing countries these non-economic
factors have led to primate cities whose size far exceeds what would be
justified by economic considerations."
Correspondence: G.
Petrakos, Arizona State University, Department of Economics, Tempe, AZ
85287-3806. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
56:20063 Dupaquier,
J. The filling up of the countryside in France. [Le
plein rural en France.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1989.
349-56 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The
growth and spatial distribution of the rural French population in the
first half of the nineteenth century are examined. Past trends in
rural-urban migration and urbanization are
discussed.
Correspondence: J. Dupaquier, Ecole des Hautes
Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Laboratoire de Demographie Historique, 54
Boulevard Raspail, 75006 Paris, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
56:20064 Olinto
Rueda, Jose. Population dynamics of the rural Colombian
population: 1951-1985. [Dinamica demografica de la poblacion rural
colombiana: 1951-1985.] Revista de Planeacion y Desarrollo, Vol. 21,
No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1989. 25-46 pp. Bogota, Colombia. In Spa.
The
author analyzes demographic trends in rural areas of Colombia for the
period 1951-1985, noting a large decline in fertility, improved life
expectancy, and trends in internal migration. He also examines changes
in the age and sex structure of the rural population and discusses the
implications of these changes.
Correspondence: J. Olinto
Rueda, Departamento Nacional de Planeacion, Unidad de Desarrollo
Social, Division Sociodemografica, Bogota, Colombia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
