55:20622 Steinmann,
Gunter; Komlos, John. Population growth and economic
development in the very long run: a simulation model of three
revolutions. Mathematical Social Sciences, Vol. 16, No. 1, Aug
1988. 49-63 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"We propose an
economic growth model capable of simulating the four main historical
stages of civilization: hunting, agricultural, industrial, and
postindustrial. An output-maximizing society is assumed to respond to
changes in factor endowments by switching technologies. Changes in
factor proportions arise through population growth and capital
accumulation. A slow rate of exogenous technical progress is assumed.
The model synthesizes Malthusian and Boserupian notions of the effect
of population growth on per capita output. Initially the
capital-diluting effect of population growth dominates. As population
density increases, however, and a threshold is reached, the Boserupian
effect becomes crucial, and a technological revolution occurs. The
cycle is thereafter repeated. After the second economic revolution,
however, the Malthusian constraint dissolves permanently, as population
growth can continue without being constrained by diminishing returns to
labor. By synthesizing Malthusian and Boserupian notions, the model is
able to capture the salient features of economic development in the
very long run."
Correspondence: G. Steinmann, Department of
Economics, University of Paderborn, D-4790 Paderborn, Federal Republic
of Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:20623 Adamchak,
Donald J. Population aging in Sub-Saharan Africa: the
effects of development on the elderly. Population and Environment,
Vol. 10, No. 3, Spring 1989. 162-76 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Demographic trends of the elderly population in Sub-Saharan Africa
are explored for the period 1960 to 2020 using U.N. data. The author
notes that the elderly population will increase by 82 percent between
1980 and 2000, and by 93 percent from 2000 to 2020. Consideration is
given to the impact of this trend on social security, pension plans,
and other social policies, as well as on institutional changes in the
economy, education, health, and the family.
Correspondence:
D. J. Adamchak, Department of Sociology, Kansas State University,
Manhattan, KS 66506. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:20624 Birdsall,
Nancy. Economic analyses of rapid population growth.
World Bank Research Observer, Vol. 4, No. 1, Jan 1989. 23-50 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"Discussion of the macroeconomic
consequences of rapid population growth is organized into three
schools: pessimists, optimists, and the recent revisionists. For the
revisionists, differing views are presented about the pervasiveness and
relevance of market failures, such as the negative externalities of
childbearing, and about the ability of families and institutions to
adjust rapidly to changes brought on by rapid population growth. A
welfare economics approach is used to review the merits of various
public policies to reduce fertility, including public financing of
family planning services and taxes and incentives associated with
childbearing." The focus is on developing
countries.
Location: Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington,
D.C.
55:20625 Dandekar,
Hemalata C. Men to Bombay, women at home: urban influence
on Sugao Village, Deccan Maharashtra, India, 1942-1982. Michigan
Papers on South and Southeast Asia, ISBN 0-89148-035-8. LC 85-48240.
1986. xix, 325 pp. University of Michigan, Center for South and
Southeast Asian Studies: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
A micro-level
analysis of the impact of industrialization and the availability of
work in nearby Bombay on the Indian village of Sugao is presented.
"The village's evolving relationship to local market centers and the
increasing linkages and flows of people, money, and goods between it
and the city of Bombay are examined. Also described are the impact on
the village and its families of changes in living and working
conditions in the city and of cash and kind remittances sent home. The
psychological and social toll of prolonged family separations is
elaborated from a societal as well as an individual perspective.
Thus, this book deals both with the worker in the urban industrial
milieu and with the family 'at home' in the rural, agrarian hinterland
over four critical decades of planned, induced
change."
Correspondence: University of Michigan, Center for
South and Southeast Asian Studies, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
55:20626 Duza, M.
B. Development and human resources in the Islamic world:
a study of selected countries. Population Sciences, Vol. 7, 1987.
1-30 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
"The present paper attempts to
provide an analytical profile of development and human resources in
[12] selected [Islamic] countries." The countries--Bangladesh,
Somalia, Pakistan, Indonesia, Egypt, Turkey, Malaysia, Algeria, Iraq,
Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, and United Arab Emirates--vary in income levels
from low to high and in population size from 1 million to 159 million.
Using data from the World Bank and the Population Council, comparisons
are made on the basis of mortality and fertility levels, family size,
income, urbanization, labor force size and growth, education,
nutrition, and health. Governmental policy changes and future
directions are discussed.
Correspondence: M. B. Duza,
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, GPO Box 128,
Dhaka 2, Bangladesh. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:20627 Hammer,
Jeffrey S. The demographic transition and aggregate
savings in less developed countries. Journal of Economic
Development, Vol. 12, No. 2, Dec 1987. 21-37 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic
of. In Eng.
"Savings functions estimated with cross section,
country level data often find savings rates increasing with income.
This paper argues that this result is partly due to the omission of
demographic changes which occur as countries develop, rather than to an
underlying convexity of the savings function. Using some concepts from
demography, a theoretical connection is established between declines in
child mortality and [subsequent] declines in birth rates on one hand
and changes in aggregate saving on the other. The magnitude of this
effect is then appraised by a variety of methods." The focus is on
developing countries.
Correspondence: J. S. Hammer,
Agriculture and Rural Development Department, World Bank, 1818 H Street
NW, Washington, D.C. 20433. Location: Yale University, Social
Science Library, New Haven, CT.
55:20628 Hess, Peter
N. Population growth and socioeconomic progress in less
developed countries: determinants of fertility transition. ISBN
0-275-92979-5. LC 87-38472. 1988. xiv, 166 pp. Praeger: New York, New
York/London, England. In Eng.
The determinants of aggregate
fertility change in contemporary developing countries are studied. The
major theories developed to explain the fertility transition are first
reviewed. The results of a regression analysis are presented in the
next three chapters. First, a formal empirical model is constructed,
consisting of two simultaneous equations for total fertility rate and
change in real per capita gross domestic product and using data for 51
developing countries for the periods 1962-1972 and 1972-1981. The
model is then extended to include family planning program effort. The
results are tested in various ways, and a revised model of the
fertility transition is proposed. Discussion follows of the
suitability of various approaches to fertility analysis, and
policy-oriented conclusions concerning education, family planning
programs, urbanization, income, and cultural factors are presented. The
author also concludes that socioeconomic development and family
planning programs are mutually supportive, that there is no evidence to
support the Reagan administration's contention that state control of
the economy leads to demographic problems, and that reducing high rates
of fertility has fostered real economic
growth.
Correspondence: Praeger, One Madison Avenue, New
York, NY 10010. Location: Princeton University Library.
55:20629 Kurbatov,
V. P. Demographic problems of the People's Republic of
China. [Demograficheskie problemy KNR.] Narody Azii i Afriki, Vol.
6, No. 2, Dec 1987. 13-23 pp. Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
Demographic
trends in China are reviewed, with a focus on the changing official
attitude toward the relationships among population growth, economic
development, and the environment. The author notes that the goal of
achieving zero population growth by the year 2000 is only possible by
implementing a strict policy of fertility control. The one-child
policy is described, and difficulties in implementing it in rural areas
are noted. Consideration is given to the negative social consequences
of one-child families and to the economic problems involved in finding
employment for today's rapidly growing labor
force.
Location: Princeton University Library (SY).
55:20630 Morocco.
Direction de la Statistique. Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches
Demographiques (Rabat, Morocco). Population and
consumption in Morocco. Part 1: The impact of consumption on
demographic trends. [Population et consommation au Maroc.
Premiere partie: l'influence de la consommation sur les variables
demographiques.] Jul 1988. 56 pp. Rabat, Morocco. In Fre.
This is
the first of a planned two-part study concerning the relationships
between consumption and selected demographic variables in Morocco. The
emphasis in Part 1 is on the demographic impact of consumption. Data
are from a survey on household expenditures conducted in 1984-1985, and
from the censuses of 1971 and 1982. Separate consideration is given to
infant mortality, female age at marriage and fertility, the rural
exodus and rural-urban migration, urbanization, and literacy and
education.
Correspondence: Direction de la Statistique,
B.P. 178, Avenue Maa El Ainain, Rabat, Morocco. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20631 Palmer,
Ingrid. Gender issues in structural adjustment of
Sub-Saharan African agriculture and some demographic implications.
Population and Labour Policies Programme Working Paper, No. 166, ISBN
92-2-106879-X. Nov 1988. 27 pp. International Labour Office [ILO]:
Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to point
the way to a framework for analysing (a) the relevance of gender issues
to the response of small scale export and food agriculture to
structural adjustment policies [in Sub-Saharan Africa] and (b) the
potential demographic implications of that response." Female-headed
farms, differences in men's and women's crops, division of economic
accounting units, land rights, gender division of labor, and unequal
access to inputs are all discussed as factors affected by agricultural
development policies.
Correspondence: ILO Publications,
International Labour Office, Route des Morillons, CH-1211 Geneva 22,
Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20632 Quesnel,
A.; Vimard, P. The dynamics of population in a plantation
economy. The Dayes plateau in southwest Togo. [Dynamique de
population en economie de plantation. Le plateau de Dayes au sud-ouest
du Togo.] Collection Etudes et Theses, ISBN 2-7099-0942-1. 1988. 460
pp. Editions de l'ORSTOM: Paris, France; Institut Francais de Recherche
Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation: Paris, France. In
Fre.
The demographic system that has developed in Western Africa in
conjunction with plantation economies is analyzed. The data concern
the Dayes plateau in Togo and were collected in multi-round surveys
between 1970 and 1976. Following an introduction to the survey and the
methodology of the study, the Dayes plantation economy is described.
Factors affecting natural increase and human reproduction are then
examined, including nuptiality, fertility, and infant mortality.
Consideration is also given to migration and to some new demographic
factors and their possible influence on future population dynamics in
the region.
Correspondence: Editions de l'ORSTOM, 70 route
d'Aulnay, 93143 Bondy Cedex, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:20633 Sadie, J.
L. The avoidable costs of population. Southern
African Journal of Demography/Suidelike Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir
Demografie, Vol. 1, No. 1, Jul 1987. 20-5 pp. Pretoria, South Africa.
In Eng.
The social and economic consequences of current demographic
trends in South Africa are analyzed using the concept of avoidable
costs. The author presents projections of the population up to the
year 2000 organized under four major categories: executive and
managerial; professional; semi-skilled; and the unskilled, peasants,
underemployed, and very poor. Comparisons are made with projections
for the same four categories for Canada to show the problems faced by
South Africa, in that relatively small growth in the first two classes
is contrasted to massive growth in the other, and particularly the
least privileged, classes. Consideration is given to the implications
for the provision of schools and for the labor force. The author
concludes that "if a problem is to be tackled at its roots it is to the
control of human numbers that our attention is to be
directed."
Correspondence: J. L. Sadie, Department of
Economics, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20634 Saghayroun,
Atif A. R. Population and women in development. LC
87-981365. Mar 1987. viii, 116 pp. Arrow Press: Khartoum, Sudan;
National Population Committee, Economic and Social Research Council:
Khartoum, Sudan. In Eng.
This book contains a selection of papers
that were presented at the Workshop on the Role of Women in the
Development of Population Activities, held in Khartoum, Sudan, March
18-20, 1985. The geographical focus is on the Sudan. Topics covered
include health, family planning, population policy, food production,
the shadow economy, drought, and regional issues.
Location:
U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
55:20635 United
Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
[ESCAP] (Bangkok, Thailand). Demographic-economic models
and policy simulations for Malaysia, the Philippines and Thailand: a
comparative study. Asian Population Studies Series, No. 88, Pub.
Order No. ST/ESCAP/625. 1988. x, 282 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
This is the final report of an ESCAP project concerned with the
comparative study of demographic and economic interrelationships for
selected Asian countries. It presents models and policy simulations
for these interrelationships for Malaysia, the Philippines, and
Thailand. The models for the three countries are presented separately
and are followed by a comparative review of the three studies.
Particular attention is paid to exploring the impact of demographic and
economic changes on urbanization and
migration.
Correspondence: ESCAP, United Nations Building,
Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20636 Broclawski,
Jean-Pierre. The Japanese economy and the aging of the
population. [L'economie japonaise face au vieillissement de sa
population.] Economie Prospective Internationale, No. 29, 1987. 77-96
pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The consequences of
the projected demographic aging that will occur in Japan in the coming
years are reviewed. The author notes that although the process of
demographic aging will begin later than in other developed countries,
it is likely to accelerate faster and cause problems in the cost of
social services. The legislation implemented in 1983 to protect the
financial health of the pension fund and the health system from the
consequences of these demographic trends is described. Consideration
is also given to the likely effects of demographic aging on wage and
saving rates.
Location: Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
55:20637 Fleming,
Grant; Jackson, Kenneth. New Zealand population change and
economic change: a review of the evidence and the literature. New
Zealand Population Review, Vol. 14, No. 2, Nov 1988. 46-60 pp.
Wellington, New Zealand. In Eng.
"This paper sets out to examine
the relationships between rates of economic and population change and
the model of analysis adopted by economists at any particular point in
time. This is done by considering the evidence of New Zealand's
population and economic growth, the nature of economic writing in the
inter-war period and that which has appeared since 1945. Our
conclusion is that the degree of change in approach [has been], until
recently, insignificant and does not appear to justify any suspected
links between rates of growth and mode of
approach."
Correspondence: G. Fleming, Department of
Economics, University of Auckland, Private Bag, Auckland 1, New
Zealand. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20638 Foot, David
K. Public expenditures, population aging and economic
dependency in Canada, 1921-2021. Population Research and Policy
Review, Vol. 8, No. 1, Jan 1989. 97-117 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In
Eng.
The decline in population growth, demographic aging, and the
economic provision for an increasing dependent population in Canada are
described. The author considers changing labor market conditions as he
explores the measures of dependency. "Calculations with Canadian data
(1921-2021) show that demographic and economic dependency in Canada are
currently at historically low levels. The numerical results also
suggest that the effects of the general increases in labor force
participation rates, that have characterized the past two decades, have
more than offset the effects of the general increases in unemployment
rates, and that future increases in participation rates and, perhaps,
decreases in unemployment rates could provide a significant alleviation
of the impacts of population aging on government expenditures in the
years ahead."
Correspondence: D. K. Foot, Department of
Economics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A1, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20639 Groblewska,
Celina. Defining the demographic processes and
socioeconomic development in Poland. [Ksztaltowanie procesow
demograficznych a rozwoj spoleczno-gospodarczy Polski.] Monografie i
Opracowania, No. 278, 1988. 786 pp. Szkola Glowna Planowania i
Statystyki: Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
A
summary and review of demographic research conducted in Poland between
1981 and 1986 is presented in this two-volume work. The focus of the
research was on the demographic aspects of socioeconomic development
and general demographic trends in Poland. The first volume presents
the final reports from the heads of groups studying specific themes.
The second volume describes the specific projects carried out within
those themes. The themes concern population theories; population
dynamics, including fertility and mortality; migration; family and
household; and social policy and population reproduction. Lists of the
relevant research are given in Polish, English, and
Russian.
Correspondence: Szkola Glowna Planowania i
Statystyki, Al. Niepodleglosci 162, Warsaw, Poland. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20640 Kocianova,
Helena. Social and economic correlations of demographic
trends in developed capitalist countries. [Socialne ekonomicke
souvislosti demografickych perspektiv ve vyspelych kapitalistickych
zemich.] Politicka Ekonomie, Vol. 35, No. 10, 1987. 1,096-107 pp.
Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Cze.
Future population trends in
developed market-economy countries are considered, and their likely
social and economic impact assessed. Data are from published sources,
including the United Nations. Consideration is given to changes in age
distribution and their impact on the economy; the effect of demographic
aging on the cost of providing social services, including social
security; expected developments in the labor supply; and the effect of
these changes on housing.
Location: Princeton University
Library (FST).
55:20641 Lee, Ronald
D.; Lapkoff, Shelley. Intergenerational flows of time and
goods: consequences of slowing population growth. Journal of
Political Economy, Vol. 96, No. 3, Jun 1988. 618-51 pp. Chicago,
Illinois. In Eng.
A theoretical model of intergenerational
transfers is developed in order to examine the effect of low fertility
and older age distributions in developed countries on consumption.
"With the aid of time budget and consumer expenditure surveys,
empirical estimates of the age profiles of various types of time and
goods consumption are presented, and we conclude that (1) the net
direction of intergenerational transfers is from younger to older ages;
(2) under the golden-rule assumption, these transfers largely
constitute an externality to childbearing; and (3) they are not large
enough to offset the capital dilution effect that would result from
higher fertility and more rapid population
growth."
Correspondence: R. D. Lee, University of
California, Berkeley, CA 94720. Location: Princeton
University Library (FST).
55:20642 Scott,
Peter; Johnson, Paul. The economic consequences of
population ageing in advanced societies. CEPR Discussion Paper,
No. 263, Jul 1988. 41 pp. Centre for Economic Policy Research [CEPR]:
London, England. In Eng.
"The ageing of the populations of all
developed nations over the next 40 years will have an important impact
on welfare expenditure and labour supply. This paper uses aggregate
data from IMF and OECD studies to examine the way in which income
support for the elderly and the labour supply of older workers in
developed countries is likely to be affected by demographic
developments into the next century. A range of possible policy
responses to the increased cost of an ageing population is considered,
and the paper concludes that the scope for reducing this cost by
altering pension systems or increasing retirement age is slight; the
most effective way of coping wiht the cost of an ageing population is
by ensuring that the long-run rate of economic growth is
maximized."
Correspondence: CEPR, 6 Duke of York Street,
London SW1Y 6LA, England. Location: Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
55:20643 Soboleva,
S. V. Demographic processes in regional socioeconomic
development. [Demograficheskie protsessy v regional'nom
sotsial'no-ekonomicheskom razvitii.] ISBN 5-02-029089-0. 1988. 206 pp.
Nauka, Sibirskoe Otdelenie: Novosibirsk, USSR. In Rus.
Methodological issues concerning regional demographic analysis are
reviewed, with reference to the USSR. The focus is on the relationship
between demographic factors and a region's socioeconomic development.
The author also considers intra- as well as interregional analyses and
the development of models for the demographic and economic modeling of
migration and population projection.
Location: Princeton
University Library (FST).
55:20644 Thane,
Pat. Old age: burden or benefit? In: The changing
population of Britain, edited by Heather Joshi. 1989. 56-71 pp. Basil
Blackwell: New York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The 1980s
have seen a public debate about the effects upon the economy of the
growing proportion of old people in Britain; and the stress has been on
the increasing burden of costs that will result....This chapter is a
brief review of some of the large body of evidence for [a] more
positive view, intended as a contribution to placing the debate about
cost in a more balanced framework." Consideration is given to the
changing age structure, dependency ratios, and the health and economic
status of the aged.
Correspondence: P. Thane, Department of
Social Sciences and Administration, Goldsmiths' College, Lewisham Way,
New Cross, London SE14 6NW, England. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:20645 Thiel,
Eberhard; Wacker-Theodorakopoulos, Cora; Wille, Eckard;
Winkler-Buttner, Diana; Hartel, Hans-Hagen. Population
trends and structural change: special study 3 of the HWWA's 1987
structural report. [Bevolkerungsentwicklung und Strukturwandel:
Spezialuntersuchung 3 im Rahmen der HWWA-Strukturberichterstattung
1987.] ISBN 3-87895-355-0. 1988. 210 pp. Weltarchiv: Hamburg, Germany,
Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The relationships between demographic
trends and structural change are analyzed for the Federal Republic of
Germany. The emphasis is on the period up to 1985, although some
projections to the year 2000 are also provided. Topics covered include
the effects of population trends on sectoral and overall economic
growth, on employment and productivity, on private household
consumption, and on public services in the areas of education, social
welfare, and health.
Correspondence: Verlag Weltarchiv
GMBH, 2000 Hamburg 36, Federal Republic of Germany. Location:
New York Public Library.
55:20646 Barta,
Barnabas. Relationships between the population and
environment in the world and in our surroundings. [A nepesseg es a
kornyezet viszonya a vilagban es szukebb kornyezetunkben.] Statisztikai
Szemle, Vol. 67, No. 3, Mar 1989. 266-80 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Hun.
with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The relationship between population and the
global environment is analyzed using data from U.N. sources. The
author emphasizes the necessity of international programs to protect
the environment and to assist countries in the management of their
natural resources. Specific consideration is given to the situation in
Hungary.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20647 King,
Jane. Beyond economic choice: population and sustainable
development. 1987. iv, 41 pp. Unesco: Paris, France; University of
Edinburgh: Edinburgh, Scotland. In Eng.
This is the first in a
proposed series of publications intended to promote a method of
integrated resource planning known as ECCO (Enhancement of Carrying
Capacity Options). This method "uses a system of resource accounting
to assess national carrying capacity which, in its simplest form, may
be expressed as the population size that can be sustained indefinitely
by a given territory at a given standard of living." This report
describes ECCO and how it was developed, and presents three case
studies involving its application in Kenya, Mauritius, and the United
Kingdom.
Correspondence: Division of Population and Human
Settlements, Unesco, 7 Place de Fontenoy, Paris 75015, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20648 Mansilla,
H. C. F. Ecological and demographic problems in Latin
America, 1950-1980. [Los problemas ecologico-demograficos en
America Latina, 1950-1980.] Foro Internacional, Vol. 28, No. 2, Oct-Dec
1987. 213-27 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa.
The relationship
between population growth and the environment in Latin America from
1950 to 1980 is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to the
environmental problems posed by rapid
urbanization.
Correspondence: H. C. F. Mansilla,
Universidad Mayor de San Andres, La Paz, Bolivia. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
55:20649
Wiesielkowa, Irina. The impact of the environment
on population health. [Wplyw srodowiska na zdrowie ludnosci.]
Studia Demograficzne, No. 4/94, 1988. 41-50 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The effects of the environmental
consequences of modernization on human populations are analyzed. Using
examples from the USSR and other developed countries, particular
attention is paid to the impact of the changing ecological environment,
technological conditions, and urbanization on morbidity, mortality, and
life expectancy.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:20650 Bernhardt,
Eva M. The choice of part-time work among Swedish
one-child mothers. European Journal of Population/Revue Europeenne
de Demographie, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1988. 117-44 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands.
In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
Aspects of the relationship between
female labor force participation and fertility in Sweden are explored.
The author notes that women are becoming more inclined to take up
part-time work following a first birth. Factors affecting such
part-time employment are considered, including previous labor force
experience, education, and social background. "Fairly extended work
interruptions (of a year or so) in connection with childbirth combined
with part-time work seem to constitute a new strategy, which might be
called the 'combination strategy'. This way of organizing life after
starting motherhood seems to have attracted the kind of women who
previously tended toward the 'homemaker strategy' and the kind who in
earlier times would have pursued a clearcut 'career
strategy'."
Correspondence: E. M. Bernhardt, Section of
Demography, University of Stockholm, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20651 de Graaf,
A. Mothers no longer have to stay at home. [Moeder
hoeft niet meer thuis te blijven.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking,
Vol. 37, No. 2, Feb 1989. 12-4 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with
sum. in Eng.
Trends and attitudes concerning women who work and
have children under four years of age in the Netherlands are analyzed
using data from the 1988 Netherlands Fertility Survey. Although the
majority of women surveyed believed that it was possible to be employed
and also have young children, only one-quarter were actually employed,
and many of those worked part-time.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:20652 Hojman,
David E. Land reform, female migration and the market for
domestic service in Chile. Journal of Latin American Studies, Vol.
21, No. 1, Feb 1989. 105-32 pp. New York, New York/Cambridge, England.
In Eng.
The author examines labor market trends in Chile, with a
focus on domestic service and female rural-urban migration. "This
article...reports results of research on women in domestic service in
Santiago, including a survey carried out in 1986. These results are
used to attempt to answer questions concerning the effects on domestic
service of changes in the land tenure structure in the countryside in
the 1960s and 1970s, together with more recent macroeconomic
fluctuations....We also briefly examine a number of related issues,
such as the impact of fruit growing, the ethnic question, imports of
labour-saving consumer durables and migrants' attitudes towards a
possible return to the countryside."
Correspondence: D. E.
Hojman, Department of Economics, University of Liverpool, P.O. Box 147,
Liverpool L69 3BX, England. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
55:20653 Junsay,
Alma T.; Heaton, Tim B. Women working: comparative
perspectives in developing areas. Contributions in Women's
Studies, No. 99, ISBN 0-313-26368-X. LC 88-21335. 1989. ix, 131 pp.
Greenwood Press: Westport, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
The
patterns and determinants of female labor force participation in
developing countries are investigated using the examples of Thailand,
Colombia, and Egypt. The focus is on women's employment in the capital
city of the countries concerned. The authors combine the economic
model of household time allocation and the sociological life course
perspective to examine the influence of social origins, educational
status, early work experience, and household conditions on women's
labor force participation. They conclude with a review of policies
designed to improve the economic status of women in developing
countries.
Correspondence: Greenwood Press, 88 Post Road
West, Box 5007, Westport, CT 06881. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:20654 Klijzing,
Erik; Siegers, Jacques; Keilman, Nico; Groot, Loek. Static
versus dynamic analysis of the interaction between female labour-force
participation and fertility. European Journal of Population/Revue
Europeenne de Demographie, Vol. 4, No. 2, 1988. 97-116 pp. Amsterdam,
Netherlands. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The relationship between
female labor force participation and fertility is analyzed using three
different methodological perspectives and one set of data. The three
methods are simultaneous logit analysis, Granger analysis, and Markov
analysis. These are applied in two different ways or on two different
subgroups of the data, which are from the 1984 ORIN survey of 1,600
persons aged 18-54 in the Netherlands. "Four of these six analyses
favour the inference that fertility decisions do have an impact on
labour force participation decisions but not the other way around,
whereas the other two confirm earlier findings (from data sets
collected during the 1970s) that the relationship is reciprocal." The
methodological implications of these findings are
considered.
Correspondence: E. Klijzing, Planning and
Demography Department, University of Amsterdam, Jodenbreestraat 23,
1011 NH Amsterdam, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:20655 Korpi,
Tomas. Entry into employment after first birth; a
reexamination of the transitions to full-time and part-time employment
among Swedish mothers. Stockholm Research Reports in Demography,
No. 53, ISBN 91-7820-040-7. Feb 1989. ii, 29 pp. University of
Stockholm, Section of Demography: Stockholm, Sweden. In Eng.
Transitions into employment made by mothers after the birth of
their first child are analyzed using data from the 1981 Swedish
Fertility Survey. A distinction is made between full-time and
part-time employment. The author concludes that the choice between
full- or part-time employment involves significant qualitative
differences for the woman concerned.
Correspondence:
University of Stockholm, Section of Demography, S-106 91 Stockholm,
Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20656 Macpherson,
David A.; Stewart, James B. The labor supply and school
attendance of black women in extended and nonextended households.
American Economic Review, Vol. 79, No. 2, May 1989. 71-4 pp. Nashville,
Tennessee. In Eng.
This analysis compares the labor supply of black
women in extended and nonextended households in the United States.
"The two foci of the study are 1) the relationship between the labor
supply of grandmothers and single mothers in extended households, and
2) the interaction of labor force participation, human capital
accumulation, and child care decisions. The study estimates a labor
supply model, using 1980 census data, that endogenizes the decision to
attend school."
Correspondence: D. A. Macpherson, Miami
University, Oxford, OH 45056. Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
55:20657 Neri,
Fabio. Immigration and the Italian labour market: a
contradiction. Review of Economic Conditions in Italy, No. 2,
May-Aug 1988. 141-52 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng.
The role of
immigration in the evolution of the labor force in Italy is analyzed.
The author notes that not only is there a growing number of foreign
immigrants, but return migration of natives to Italy is greater than
Italian emigration. It is also noted that neither Italian migration
policy nor the statistical system have evolved to cope with these new
conditions. The high level of illegal immigration is also described,
and the author concludes that such immigrants either find work in
positions Italians no longer wish to fill, or in the black, or illegal,
economy.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
55:20658 Smith,
Pam. Working life and unemployment tables for males and
females, Canada, 1981. Population Research Laboratory Discussion
Paper, No. 55, Oct 1988. 28, [22] pp. University of Alberta, Department
of Sociology, Population Research Laboratory: Edmonton, Canada. In Eng.
"This paper provides working-life and unemployment tables for
Canadian males and females for 1981. The modified method used in
calculating the labour force participation rates is based on the number
of weeks worked per person and aimed to capture all persons who
participate in the production of goods and services. Compared to the
conventional approach, the modified rates are higher and appear to
capture the demographic groups--mainly the older age groups and females
of all ages--who tend to work periodically or for portions of the year,
but nevertheless contribute to the national
economy."
Correspondence: Population Research Laboratory,
Department of Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G
2H4, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20659 Srivastava,
J. N. Female status in India and Uttar Pradesh: a study
of inter-state and inter-district variation in female education and
workforce participation. Population Research Centre Series C:
Analytical Report, No. 38, Mar 1988. vi, 144 pp. Lucknow University,
Department of Economics, Population Research Centre: Lucknow, India. In
Eng.
The relationship between female labor force participation and
women's status in Uttar Pradesh, India, as well as in India as a whole,
is examined using 1971 and 1981 Indian census data. Consideration is
given to inter-state and inter-district variations, to differentials
between rural and urban areas. Variables studied include female
literacy and educational level; labor force sector activity, including
agricultural and nonagricultural workers and those involved in the
primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors; and women in white-collar
occupations.
Correspondence: Population Research Centre,
Department of Economics, Lucknow University, Badshah Bagh, Lucknow
22607, Uttar Pradesh, India. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:20660 Universite
des Sciences et Techniques de Lille-Flandres-Artois (Villeneuve d'Ascq,
France). Population and work opportunities: a
multidimensional analysis of the working population and its
geographical variations. [La population face a l'emploi: analyse
pluridimensionnelle de la population active et de ses differences
geographiques.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1988. 325-620 pp.
Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
These are the
proceedings of the Second National Symposium on Demographic Geography
held in Montpellier, France, October 2-22, 1988. The 31 papers are
divided into four substantive sections considering activity and the
working population; employment, the working population, and spatial
disparities; the mobility of the working population; and the unemployed
labor force. The primary geographical focus is on France, but some
papers examine aspects of these issues for other European countries as
well.
Correspondence: Espace-Populations-Societes,
Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Lille-Flandres-Artois, U.F.R.
de Geographie, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20661
Zabolotskii, A. V. Pakistan's labor resources:
the demographic and economic foundations of their development.
[Trudovye resursy Pakistana: demografo-ekonomicheskie osnovy
formirovaniya.] 1985. 247 pp. Izdatel'stvo Nauka, Glavnaya Redaktsiya
Vostochnoi Literatury: Moscow, USSR; Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Ordena
Trudovogo Krasnogo Znameni, Institut Vostokovedeniya: Moscow, USSR. In
Rus.
Factors affecting the growth of the labor force in Pakistan
are explored. These include the rapid growth of the population and the
increase in the proportion of the population at young
ages.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
