55:20067 Asegedom,
Amare. The spatial organization of the population of
Ethiopia, 1965-1984. Ethiopian Journal of Development Research,
Vol. 9, No. 1, Apr 1987. 1-20 pp. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. In Eng.
Changes in the spatial distribution of the population of Ethiopia
over the period 1965-1984 are analyzed. The author develops a theory
of spatial organization based on a consideration of the use of space by
individuals. "It is also hypothesized that most of the overall
population changes are largely attributed to micro-scale adjustments of
the people or movements of [an] intra-regional
nature."
Correspondence: A. Asegedom, Faculty of Education,
Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
55:20068 Bracken,
I.; Martin, D. The generation of spatial population
distributions from census centroid data. Environment and Planning
A, Vol. 21, No. 4, Apr 1989. 537-43 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"Census data are commonly used in geographical analysis and to
inform planning purposes, though at the disaggregate level the basis of
enumeration poses difficulties. In this paper an approach to surface
generation is described that offers the prospect of revealing an
underlying population distribution from centroid-based data which is
independent of zonal geography. It is suggested that this can serve a
wide variety of analytical, cartographic, and policy purposes,
including the creation of spatial indicators of economic and social
conditions and enhancing the value of census data. The approach is
illustrated by reference to an analysis of part of the valleys of South
Wales, in the United Kingdom."
Correspondence: I. Bracken,
Department of Town Planning, University of Wales, Colum Drive, Cardiff
CF1 3EU, Wales. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
55:20069 Fielding,
A. J. Migration and urbanization in Western Europe since
1950. Geographical Journal, Vol. 155, No. 1, Mar 1989. 60-9 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
Trends in population redistribution are
reviewed for the 14 countries of Europe to the west of a line drawn
from the Baltic to the Adriatic for the period from the 1950s to the
present. Consideration is given to both urbanization and
counterurbanization. The author notes the re-emergence both of broad
regional patterns of growth and decline linked to new economic trends,
and specifically to the spatial division of
labor.
Correspondence: A. J. Fielding, Department of
Geography, School of Social Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton
BN1 9QN, England. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:20070 Keeble,
David. The dynamics of European industrial
counterurbanization in the 1980s: corporate restructuring or
indigenous growth? Geographical Journal, Vol. 155, No. 1, Mar
1989. 70-4 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The shift of manufacturing
capacity from urban centers to rural areas in Europe is examined, and
its impact on the spatial distribution of the population is considered.
The author concludes that "the environmental and quality of life
attractions of many small towns and rural areas of Northern Europe are
thus arguably exerting a major influence both on selective population
migration and associated [small and medium-sized towns] and high
technology counterurbanization in a period of rising real incomes,
increasing personal mobility and communications accessibility, and
growing demand from industry for highly qualified
workers."
Correspondence: D. Keeble, St. Catherine's
College, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1RL, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:20071 Lappo, G.
M.; Pivovarov, Yu. L. The geography of the Soviet
population under conditions of technological revolution: the main
factors and changes in settlements. [Geografiya naseleniya SSSR v
usloviyakh NTR: osnovnye faktory i izmeneniya rasseleniya.] ISBN
5-02-003359-6. 1988. 165 pp. Nauka: Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
The
system of settlements in the USSR is examined, with a focus on possible
ways to improve the system in order to adapt more efficiently to the
conditions imposed by the technological revolution. The process of
population concentration in conjunction with socioeconomic changes is
noted. The authors propose several alternative ways to study changes
in settlement patterns and to develop regional settlement systems in
the framework of large economic regions.
Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
55:20072 Alatas,
Secha. Urbanization, the growth of big cities, and some
associated problems. [Urbanisasi, pertumbuhan kota-kota besar dan
sekitar permasalahannya.] Majalah Demografi Indonesia/Indonesian
Journal of Demography, Vol. 15, No. 30, Dec 1988. v-vi, 83-101 pp.
Jakarta, Indonesia. In Ind. with sum. in Eng.
Recent trends in
urbanization in Indonesia are reviewed. The author notes that, as in
many former colonial countries, there is a dominance of the primate
cities. The urban population in 1985 reached 43 million, or 26.2
percent of the total population, and the main growth occurred in the
largest cities, rather than in the medium-sized or smaller towns and
cities. The problems associated with current patterns of urbanization
are noted, and the need for policies to encourage the growth of smaller
cities stressed.
Correspondence: S. Alatas, Institute of
Demography, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Indonesia, Salemba Raya
4, Jakarta, Indonesia. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:20073 Anjaneyulu,
D. Urbanisation and economic development. Journal of
Income and Wealth, Vol. 8, No. 2, Jul 1985. 137-41 pp. New Delhi,
India. In Eng.
The relationship between urbanization and economic
development is explored. Theoretical considerations and previous
research hypotheses are first reviewed, followed by a consideration of
the major determinants of this relationship. The author concludes by
suggesting guidelines for an appropriate strategy for
India.
Location: Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
55:20074 Basile,
Liliana; Callegari, Antonio. Demographic evolution and
production structure in Naples according to the information of the
latest censuses. Journal of Regional Policy, Vol. 7, No. 4,
Oct-Dec 1987. 523-77 pp. Milan, Italy. In Eng.
Changes in the
industrial structure of Naples, Italy, between 1971 and 1981 are
examined using census data. The first part analyzes demographic shifts
in the city's population. "In the closing years of that period a
decline in population growth was observed and, over its last decade,
there was also a change in its structure in that there was an increase
in the labour force due to the huge number of young people who entered
the labour market."
Correspondence: L. Basile, Faculty of
Economics, University of Naples, Corso Umberto 1, 80138 Naples, Italy.
Location: Joint Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
55:20075 Chaichian,
Mohammad A. The effects of world capitalist economy on
urbanization in Egypt, 1800-1970. International Journal of Middle
East Studies, Vol. 20, No. 1, Feb 1988. 23-43 pp. New York, New
York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
The process of urbanization in
Egypt from 1800 to 1970 is analyzed in the context of the incorporation
of Egypt into the world's capitalist economy. The author focuses on
"(1) the historical reasons for the structural disjunction of the
peasant population from rural areas; and (2) the dynamics of
rural-urban migration and the problem of overconcentration of
population in a few major urban centers."
Correspondence:
M. A. Chaichian, Department of Sociology, University of Dubuque, 2000
University Avenue, Dubuque, IA 52001. Location: Joint
Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
55:20076 Champion,
A. G. Counterurbanization in Britain. Geographical
Journal, Vol. 155, No. 1, Mar 1989. 52-9 pp. London, England. In Eng.
Population trends affecting the urban population in the United
Kingdom over the past 25 years are reviewed. Defining
counterurbanization as the redistribution of population down the
functional urban hierarchy, the author concludes that this form of
population deconcentration has taken place in Britain. This process
was ongoing during the 1960s, was running at its highest rate in the
1970s, and continues as the prevailing force, despite a revival in
population change rates for major metropolitan
areas.
Correspondence: A. G. Champion, Department of
Geography, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
7RU, England. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:20077 Champion,
Tony; Congdon, Peter. Recent trends in Greater London's
population. Population Trends, No. 53, Autumn 1988. 7-17 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
"During the last few years there has been
a marked change in Greater London's population trends, with a major
recovery from the rates of population loss recorded in the 1960s and
1970s. This article examines how this transformation came about and
thereby assesses how permanent the new-found equilibrium is likely to
be. It begins by giving more details about recent population trends
for Greater London as a whole, and then for Inner and Outer London and
their constituent parts. More detailed analysis reveals that natural
change, internal migration and international migration have each
participated in this transformation. The most significant element in
the change since the early 1970s has been the fall in net out-migration
to the rest of the South East, so the article goes on to look at what
the developments have meant for the rest of the region and how they
have affected the South East's position within the country as a
whole."
Correspondence: T. Champion, University of
Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20078 de
Bremaeker, Francois E. J. The metropolitan regions: the
estimated population for 1985 and 1990. [As regioes
metropolitanas: a populacao estimada para 1985 e 1990.] Revista de
Administracao Municipal, Vol. 35, No. 186, Jan-Mar 1988. 82-96 pp. Rio
de Janeiro, Brazil. In Por.
Current trends in urban population size
and growth in Brazil are described. It is noted that the population of
nine major urban areas has grown from 24.1 million in 1970 to 35.1
million in 1980 and will likely reach 47.8 million by 1990, with Sao
Paulo the fastest-growing urban area. Data are from official
sources.
Correspondence: F. E. J. de Bremaeker, Centro de
Estudos e Pesquisas Urbanas, Instituto Brasileiro de Administracao
Municipal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Location: U.S. Library of
Congress, Washington, D.C.
55:20079 Dupont,
Veronique. The dynamics of secondary towns and migration
in Western Africa. The example of three urban centers in a plantation
region of Togo: Atakpame, Kpalime, and Badou. [Dynamique des
villes secondaires et processus migratoires en Afrique de l'Ouest. Le
cas de trois centres urbains en region de plantation, au Togo:
Atakpame, Kpalime, Badou.] Editions de l'ORSTOM: Collection Etudes et
Theses, ISBN 2-7099-0793-3. 1986. 437 pp. Institut Francais de
Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation: Paris,
France. In Fre.
The demographic dynamics of small secondary towns
in Western Africa are explored in this thesis using the example of
three towns in the Region des Plateaux in Togo. The author notes that
the overall rate of population growth in these towns was less than one
percent per year during the decade 1970-1979, since a high rate of
natural increase was almost balanced by a high level of out-migration.
The significant role that secondary towns play in the migration process
is analyzed.
Correspondence: ORSTOM, 24 Rue Bayard, 75008
Paris, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20080 Egunjobi,
Layi. Urban growth and housing policy dilemma in
Nigeria. In: African Population Conference/Congres Africain de
Population, Dakar, Senegal, November/novembre 7-12, 1988. Vol. 2, 1988.
4.2.51-61 pp. International Union for the Scientific Study of
Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The
consequences of rapid urban growth and the resulting problem of housing
provision in Nigeria are examined. The author first discusses "aspects
of the growth of Nigerian urban centres. This is followed up in
section three by an analysis of housing problems as one of the
consequences of rapid urban growth. The fourth section attempts to
describe and appraise the policy responses to the housing problems.
The various arguments for and against both social and economic
orientations are reviewed in the fifth section. The sixth and last
briefly discusses the new draft policy currently being
debated...."
Correspondence: L. Egunjobi, C.U.R.P., Faculty
of the Social Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20081 Frey,
William H. Migration and metropolitan decline in developed
countries: a comparative study. Population and Development
Review, Vol. 14, No. 4, Dec 1988. 595-628, 761, 763 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"Population redistribution
from core to peripheral regions and down the metropolitan hierarchy in
the United States and other industrialized countries has led to
population losses in large metropolitan areas. This article develops
hypotheses regarding national redistribution patterns and migration
processes that are consistent with two alternative explanations of
metropolitan decline in developed, market economy nations. These
hypotheses are evaluated with population projections for large
metropolitan areas and broad regions in 13 developed countries. The
projections are based on migration data assembled by the Michigan
Metropolitan Migration Project."
Correspondence: W. H.
Frey, Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
48109. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20082 Geyer, H.
S. On urbanization in South Africa. South African
Journal of Economics/Suid Afrikaanse Tydskrif vir Ekonomie, Vol. 56,
Jun-Sep 1988. 154-72 pp. Johannesburg, South Africa. In Eng.
The
role of urbanization in the economic development process in South
Africa is examined. The author attempts to "(1) evaluate the
consequences of the concept of 'inward industrialization' for
diversified economic development in both the formal and informal
sectors in South Africa; (2) identify economic sectors with sufficient
potential for such developmental diversification, and (3) provide a
possible framework for the integration of the formal and informal
sectors in urban South Africa."
Correspondence: H. S.
Geyer, Potchefstroom University for Christian Higher Education,
Potchefstroom, Transvaal, South Africa. Location: Joint
Bank-Fund Library, Washington, D.C.
55:20083 Graaff, J.
F. de V. The present state of urbanisation in the South
African homelands: rethinking the concepts and predicting the
future. Development Southern Africa, Vol. 4, No. 1, Feb 1987.
46-66 pp. Sandton, South Africa. In Eng.
Trends in urbanization in
the South African homelands are analyzed. The need to reconsider the
definition of an urban area is first established. Consideration is
given to the likely impact of the abolition of migration controls on
urbanization trends in South Africa as a whole, particularly as this
affects migration to urban areas in South Africa outside the
homelands.
Correspondence: J. F. de V. Graaff, Department
of Sociology, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Province, South Africa.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
55:20084 Hadjij,
Cherifa. Some characteristics of urbanization and
consequences in Algeria. In: African Population Conference/Congres
Africain de Population, Dakar, Senegal, November/novembre 7-12, 1988.
Vol. 2, 1988. 4.2.31-49 pp. International Union for the Scientific
Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Eng.
"This paper
focused attention on problems of rapid urbanization in Algeria, the
notable phenomenon of over urbanization and consequences. The primary
objective is to identify the complex [interrelationships] between
urbanization, city size, population distribution and economic
development....The secondary [focus is] on describing these changes,
interpreting their significances and understanding the social
[processes] which brought them about. It is also concerned with...over
population and the consequences, internal migration that accompanies
the spatial transformation and with the policies that are addressed to
these conditions."
Correspondence: C. Hadjij, Centre de
Recherche en Economie Appliquee pour le Developpement, 20 Rue Mustapha
Khallef, Ben Aknoun, Algiers, Algeria. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:20085 Lee,
Y. An allometric analysis of the U.S. urban system:
1960-80. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 21, No. 4, Apr 1989.
463-76 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"In the present study the
allometric equations for urban places in the [United States] are
derived and interpreted. Data on the area and population size of the
urbanized area (as defined in the U.S. Census) for 1960, 1970, and 1980
are fitted to the allometric equation. The data set for each of the
three time periods is further disaggregated by population-size class
(seven classes) and by region (nine regions in total). The results of
the analysis are interpreted with reference to works of allometric
growth in the biology and urban growth
literature."
Correspondence: Y. Lee, Urban and Regional
Planning Program, School of Architecture and Planning, University of
Colorado, Denver, CO 80204-5300. Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
55:20086 Lututala,
Mumpasi. Demographic aspects of African urbanization: the
dynamics of growth due to migration and natural increase. [Aspects
demographiques de l'urbanisation en Afrique: la dynamique de la
croissance due aux migrations et au mouvement naturel.] In: African
Population Conference/Congres Africain de Population, Dakar, Senegal,
November/novembre 7-12, 1988. Vol. 2, 1988. 4.2.1-15 pp. International
Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium.
In Fre.
Recent trends in urbanization in Africa are analyzed.
Problems of data availability are first considered. The author notes
the concentration of growth in Africa's primary cities, and concludes
that rapid urbanization is due to both high rates of natural increase
and in-migration. There is no evidence that these high rates of growth
will not continue.
Correspondence: M. Lututala, Departement
de Demographie, Universite de Kinshasa, BP 13.399, Kinshasa I, Zaire.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20087 Mabin,
Alan. Households, history and black urbanisation:
response to Graaff. Development Southern Africa, Vol. 5, No. 3,
Aug 1988. 393-404 pp. Sandton, South Africa. In Eng.
A critique of
a recent article by J. F. de V. Graaff concerning urbanization of
blacks in South Africa is presented. A reply by Graaff (pp. 402-4) is
included.
For the study by Graaff, published in 1987, see elsewhere
in this issue.
Correspondence: A. Mabin, Southern African
Research Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:20088
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (New York, New
York). Population growth of large metropolitan areas.
Vol. 70, No. 2, Apr-Jun 1989. 32-5 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Trends in the population dynamics of large metropolitan areas in
the United States are reviewed. "The number of Americans living in
metropolitan areas of the country continues to expand, with those in
the West and South generally leading the
way."
Correspondence: Metropolitan Life Insurance Company,
One Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:20089 Mutlu,
Servet. Urban concentration and primacy revisited: an
analysis and some policy conclusions. Economic Development and
Cultural Change, Vol. 37, No. 3, Apr 1989. 611-39 pp. Chicago,
Illinois. In Eng.
"The objective of this article is to analyze the
determinants of urban primacy, which is of immediate interest from a
policy standpoint. The plan of the article is as follows: first,
previous work on the question of primacy and its determinants is
reviewed; second, the causative factors and the processes that are
viewed as being behind the primacy phenomena are discussed and
operationalized; and third, an empirical cross-country test of
hypotheses on the determinants of primacy and urban concentration are
conducted." The data are from a variety of published sources,
including the World Bank, and are for 95
countries.
Correspondence: S. Mutlu, Yarmouk University,
P.O. Box 566, Irbid, Jordan. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPIA).
55:20090 Novak,
Helio. The cities of Brazil in the future. [As
cidades no Brasil do futuro.] Revista de Administracao Municipal, Vol.
35, No. 186, Jan-Mar 1988. 6-20 pp. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In Por.
Projected future trends in urbanization in Brazil are reviewed.
The author notes that by the year 2000, Brazil will have a total
population of 180 million, of whom 75 percent will live in urban areas.
The relative percentage of the urban population who will live in the
two major metropolitan areas is also outlined.
Location:
U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
55:20091 Ouedraogo,
Marie-Michele. Major priorities for urban policies when
confronting rapid growth: the case of Burkina Faso. [Premieres
priorites des politiques urbaines confrontees a une croissance rapide:
le cas du Burkina Faso.] In: African Population Conference/Congres
Africain de Population, Dakar, Senegal, November/novembre 7-12, 1988.
Vol. 2, 1988. 4.2.17-30 pp. International Union for the Scientific
Study of Population [IUSSP]: Liege, Belgium. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"The rapid growth of the urban population creates specific problems
of equipment, housing, health and employment....Having underlined the
problems of growth [in] various towns of Burkina Faso, this work will
analyse the case of Ouagadougou by describing the various schemes that
are being launched with a view to solving the
problem."
Correspondence: M.-M. Ouedraogo, B.P. 7021,
Universite de Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:20092 Shrestha,
H. B. A Markov chain approach to urban area distribution
with implications of urbanization in Nepal. Economic Journal of
Nepal, Vol. 9, No. 2, Apr-Jun 1986. 15-20 pp. Kathmandu, Nepal. In Eng.
A Markov chain model is used to analyze urban area size
distribution in Nepal.
Correspondence: H. B. Shrestha,
Department of Statistics, Tribhuvan University, POB 3757, Tripureswar,
Kathmandu, Nepal. Location: Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
55:20093 Wubneh,
Mulatu. A multivariate analysis of socio-economic
characteristics of urban areas in Ethiopia. African Urban
Quarterly, Vol. 2, No. 4, Nov 1987. 425-33 pp. Nairobi, Kenya. In Eng.
"The study analyzes the socioeconomic characteristics of urban
areas of Ethiopia by developing a composite index. The social and
economic attributes of the urban centers are examined by using a
principal component analysis coupled with a linear combination of the
factors. The analysis reveals that there exists a significant
difference among the urban areas, for example, middle-sized cities have
begun to play a major role in stimulating rural economies; large cities
are facing problems of increasing demand for more services. The
significance of multivariate analysis in analyzing the dynamics of
urban areas are emphasized in the study."
Correspondence:
M. Wubneh, Department of Geography and Planning, East Carolina
University, Greenville, NC 27858. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:20094 Zhelezko,
S. N. The population of large cities. [Naselenie
krupnogo goroda.] 1986. 190 pp. Mysl': Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
This
study is concerned with the demography of large cities in the USSR.
Topics covered include the peculiarities of reproduction in large
cities, the formation of the labor force, and issues of social
development. Special attention is given to indicators of population
quality.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
55:20095 Carlyle,
William J. Farm population in the Canadian parkland.
Geographical Review, Vol. 79, No. 1, Jan 1989. 13-35 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
"Explanations are provided for the geographical
patterns of relative farm-population densities in the parkland zone of
the Canadian prairies between 1941 and 1976. Density patterns and
rates of population loss are analyzed by township. The best
explanatory factor is cultural attitudes associated with ethnic groups.
Type and intensity of agriculture, availability of off-farm work, and
soil productivity are contributing
influences."
Correspondence: W. J. Carlyle, Department of
Geography, University of Winnipeg, 515 Portage Avenue, Winnipeg,
Manitoba R3B 2E9, Canada. Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
55:20096 Tarver,
James D.; Miller, H. Max. The rural population of
Africa. Rural Africana, No. 27, Winter 1987. 47-60 pp. East
Lansing, Michigan. In Eng.
"This paper examines national, regional,
and continental trends in Africa's rural population from 1950 to 1980,
likely changes between now and 2025, and some related policy issues and
implications. The rural population of the continent is projected to
increase from 190 million in 1950 to 685 million in 2025, a gain of 260
percent. Meanwhile, the urban population is estimated to increase from
33 million to 958 million, a relative gain of more than 2,800 percent.
By 2025 urban inhabitants will outnumber rural, but the latter will
still comprise more than 40 percent of the projected total
population."
Correspondence: J. D. Tarver, Department of
Sociology, Catholic University of America, 620 Michigan Avenue NE,
Washington, D.C. 20064. Location: Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
