55:10583 de Beer,
J.; Noordam, R. Effect of external migration on the
environment and on aging. [Effect van buitenlandse migratie op
ontgroening en vergrijzing.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 36,
No. 9, Sep 1988. 16-20 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in
Eng.
The impact of immigration since 1960 on the population of the
Netherlands is explored. The author concludes that the total
population as at January 1, 1988, would have been 14.1 million without
immigration, instead of an actual 14.7 million. Immigration has also
had the effect of making the population slightly younger than would
otherwise have been the case.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10584 Ebanks, G.
Edward. The aging of the population of Montserrat: causes
and consequences. Population Studies Centre Discussion Paper, No.
88-2, Apr 1988. 30 pp. University of Western Ontario, Population
Studies Centre: London, Canada. In Eng.
"The population of
Montserrat is aging. Even though Montserrat is a developing country
its age distribution is in many ways similar to that found in developed
societies....The aging of the population is being influenced by the
relatively low and declining fertility. In the past and currently as
well migration especially emigration has been a major factor in the
aging of the population of Montserrat....The paper examines the period
1960-85 and is based on Census figures for 1960, 1970, and 1980, as
well as vital registration and estimates."
This paper was originally
presented at the 1988 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America (see Population Index, Vol. 54, No. 3, Fall 1988, p.
452).
Correspondence: Population Studies Centre, University
of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10585 Girard,
Alain. The French population ages. [La population
francaise vieillit.] Etudes, Vol. 365, No. 3, Sep 1986. 199-211 pp.
Paris, France. In Fre.
The author notes that the population of
France is aging and will continue to do so for several decades into the
future. He points out that this process of demographic aging requires
changes to the current policy concerning retirement as well as the
development of specific policies concerned with
aging.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
55:10586 Howe, Anna;
Sharwood, Penny. The old old--or the new old? Part
1--demographic trends and profile of the population aged 80 years and
over. Journal of the Australian Population Association, Vol. 5,
No. 1, May 1988. 82-99 pp. Carlton South, Australia. In Eng.
"The
paper gives an account of the demographic trends that are bringing
about changes in the population aged 80 years and older in Australia.
The old old population of the future will differ in size and structure
from earlier cohorts reaching advanced age: an examination is made of
the contribution of the effects of past birth rates; recent changes in
mortality at older ages; the impact of immigration especially on the
cultural diversity of the old old; and changes in sex ratios and
marriage patterns that result in changes in social circumstances. The
indications are that a much more dynamic view of the old old is
required. The present report is the first in a three-part study which
will cover social and health trends and discuss the implications of the
newly emergent old old population for social policy." Data are from
Australian life tables for different birth cohorts for the period
1900-1986.
Correspondence: A. Howe, Aged Care Research
Group, Lincoln School of Health Sciences, La Trobe University, 206
Drummond Street, Carlton VIC 3053, Australia. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10587 Kargl,
Ingrid. Old age in Japan: long-term statistics.
Beitrage zur Japanologie, Vol. 24, ISBN 3-900362-06-8. 1987. xiv, 394
pp. Universitat Wien, Institut fur Japanologie: Vienna, Austria. In
Eng.
This is the first of several planned publications from a
project being conducted at the University of Vienna on demographic
aging in Japan. The purpose of the series is to compile available
statistics on old age in Japan from various official and other sources.
The data are presented separately for population, including birth and
death rates, causes of death, suicide, life expectancy, and age
distribution; the family, including marital status, household size and
structure, the aged in households, and heads of households; work,
employment, and income; and social security and
health.
Correspondence: Institut fur Japanologie,
Universitat Wien, Universitatsstrasse 7/4, A-1010 Vienna, Austria.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10588 Kong,
Sae-Kwon; Kim, Eun-Joo. Analysis of areal features of
population structure. Journal of Population and Health Studies,
Vol. 8, No. 1, Jul 1988. 3-33 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic of. In Kor.
with sum. in Eng.
The authors examine the structure of the
population of the Republic of Korea for use as an indicator for
national development planning. Consideration is given to variations in
rural and urban populations, the child-woman ratio, indexes of related
differences and dissimilarity in age structure, and sex and
geographical differences in age patterns of
marriage.
Correspondence: S.-K. Kong, Korea Institute for
Population and Health, San 42-14, Bulwang-dong, Eunpyung-ku, Seoul
122-040, Republic of Korea. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10589 Martin,
Linda G. The aging of Asia. Journal of Gerontology:
Social Sciences, Vol. 43, No. 4, Jul 1988. S99-S113 pp. Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
"This article reviews some of the demographic
characteristics of population aging and the elderly populations in 14
Asian countries: health and life expectancy; sex ratio, marital
status, and living arrangements; and rural versus urban residence,
labor force participation, retirement, and income. It also focuses on
current programs for the elderly populations in Asia and discusses
three general issues of importance in the development of aging
policies: (a) to what extent should the West be used as a model; (b)
what should be the role of the family versus the government in caring
for elderly people who cannot care for themselves; and (c) should
eligibility for programs be based on age or
need?"
Correspondence: L. G. Martin, Population Institute,
East-West Center, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848.
Location: New York Academy of Medicine.
55:10590 McGill, Dan
M. Economic and financial implications of the aging
phenomenon. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society,
Vol. 132, No. 2, 1988. 154-71 pp. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
The consequences of demographic aging in the United States are
discussed in the context of two basic questions: "(1) will the aged
population, however defined, have sufficient financial claims against
the economy's future output of goods and services to satisfy their
basic needs and even enjoy a standard of living comparable to that of
other segments of the population? and (2) will there be a sufficient
quantity of goods and services to satisfy the material needs of the
entire population?"
Correspondence: D. M. McGill, Wharton
School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:10591 Murthy, G.
B. Venkatesha. The Soligas of B. R. Hills: a demographic
study. Journal of Family Welfare, Vol. 34, No. 1, Sep 1987. 54-8
pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
The demographic characteristics of the
Soligas tribe in the B. R. Hills region of Karnataka, India, are
discussed. Data are from the Indian census and interviews of 522
married women conducted in the region in 1981. Consideration is given
to sex ratio, age distribution, mortality, family planning practices,
and fertility.
Correspondence: G. B. V. Murthy, Population
Centre, 2nd Cross, Mulleswaram, Bangalore 560 003, India.
Location: Population Council Library, New York, NY.
55:10592 Ogawa,
Naohiro. Aging in China: demographic alternatives.
Asia-Pacific Population Journal, Vol. 3, No. 3, Sep 1988. 21-64 pp.
Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng.
"In this article, China's future
prospects have been discussed with regard to the aging of its
population, by drawing heavily upon a new set of population projections
prepared on the basis of the 1982 Population Census data. Unlike a
variety of population projections for China currently available, our
projections have placed heavy emphasis on the impact of improved
mortality on China's aging process, by incorporating three alternative
mortality assumptions. In our projections, all the alternative cases
point to the acceleration of China's population aging, particularly
after the year 2000....From a policy point of view, these age
compositional shifts will call for a change of priorities and a
reallocation of resources to accommodate the rapidly growing proportion
of elderly people and the steady decrease of young people in the
population."
Correspondence: N. Ogawa, Population Research
Institute, Nihon University, 8-24 Kudan-Minami 4-chome, Chiyoda-ku,
Tokyo 102, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:10593 Qiao,
Xiaochun. Population aging model and its explanation.
Population Research, Vol. 5, No. 2, Jun 1988. 10-7 pp. Beijing, China.
In Eng.
The impact of changes in birth and death rates on
demographic aging is examined using a detailed mathematical model. The
geographic scope is worldwide, with population aging coefficients also
presented for Japan.
Correspondence: X. Qiao, Institute of
Population Research, People's University of China, 39 Haidian Road,
Beijing, China. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10594 Rogers,
Andrei; Woodward, Jennifer. The sources of regional
elderly population growth: migration and aging-in-place.
Professional Geographer, Vol. 40, No. 4, Nov 1988. 450-9 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"A region's elderly population has two
sources of growth: net migration and the net aging-in-place of its
resident population. This paper outlines a method for identifying the
projected relative contribution of these two sources of elderly
population growth over time, and illustrates it with data for the
states of Arizona, California, Florida, Illinois, and New York. The
sources of elderly population growth differ between regions and over
time."
Correspondence: A. Rogers, Institute of Behavioral
Science, Population Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO
80309. Location: Princeton University Library (SG).
55:10595 Thane,
Pat. The growing burden of an ageing population?
Journal of Public Policy, Vol. 7, No. 4, Oct-Dec 1987. 373-87 pp.
Cambridge, England. In Eng.
The author asserts that the problems
posed by demographic aging in developed countries have been overstated,
noting instead that "the transition to an older population will be
gradual enough to allow time to plan. The importance of the shift in
the so-called 'dependency ratio' is exaggerated because 'dependency' is
unsatisfactorily defined. Nor is there clear evidence that as more
people live to be older health and social service costs will rise
accordingly: people are remaining fit to later ages and there is
strong evidence that they can continue to make a positive contribution
to the economy as workers and as consumers until relatively late ages.
Social services can also be redesigned to maximize the independence of
the elderly while minimizing costs."
Correspondence: P.
Thane, Social Administration, Goldsmiths' College, University of
London, Lewisham Way, New Cross SE14 6NW, England. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPIA).
55:10596 United
Nations. Centro Latinoamericano de Demografia [CELADE] (Santiago,
Chile). Latin America: dynamics of the population.
[America Latina: dinamica de poblacion.] Boletin
Demografico/Demographic Bulletin, Vol. 21, No. 42, Pub. Order No.
LC/DEM/G.67. Jul 1988. 257 pp. Santiago, Chile. In Eng; Spa.
Data
from official national sources are presented separately by country on
changes in the age distribution of the population of Latin America. The
data concern population by age-group and sex for five-year intervals
from 1950 to 2025, changes for each five-year interval, and indices of
population growth by sex for the period
1950-2025.
Correspondence: CELADE, Casilla 91, Santiago,
Chile. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10597 Duchene,
Josianne; Wunsch, Guillaume. Population aging and the
limits to human life. Departement de Demographie Working Paper,
No. 146, ISBN 2-87085-163-4. Aug 1988. 13 pp. Universite Catholique de
Louvain, Departement de Demographie: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; CIACO
Editeur: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. In Eng.
"After a brief overview
of the demographic and actuarial literature concerning mortality 'laws'
and limit life tables, we will present some results from the biological
literature on aging and senescence. These results will then be used to
construct a hypothetical limit life table conforming to present
biological knowledge. Various demographic consequences on future
population aging will then be derived in the final section of this
paper, taking Japan as an example of a low-mortality
country."
Correspondence: Departement de Demographie,
Universite Catholique de Louvain, 1 Place Montesquieu, Boite 17, B-1348
Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10598 Kannisto,
Vaino. On the survival of centenarians and the span of
life. Population Studies, Vol. 42, No. 3, Nov 1988. 389-406 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
"The purpose of the present study is to
examine the level and pattern of centenarian survival in to-day's
low-mortality populations and to see what light it can shed on the
question of the human life span. The study is based on official
statistics from 17 countries in which deaths are tabulated by single
years of age, combined in many cases with information on the year of
birth."
Correspondence: V. Kannisto, Campo Grande 1-6-D,
1700 Lisbon, Portugal. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:10599 Rex-Kiss,
Bela. Studies on the sex ratio of new-borns.
[Vizsgalatok az ujszulottek nemi aranyanak alakulasarol.] ISBN
963-241-457-8. LC 87-138601. 1986. 124 pp. Medicina Konyvkiado:
Budapest, Hungary. In Hun.
The sex ratio at birth in Hungary is
analyzed. Consideration is given to sex ratio following conception and
in utero; changes in the sex ratio at birth from 1946 to 1982; and the
relationships among the total number of births, illegitimacy, birth
order, parental age, pregnancy duration, blood-type groups, and the sex
ratio. Sex differentials in perinatal and infant mortality are also
considered.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.
55:10600 Sakai,
Hiromichi. A geographical analysis of sex ratios of births
in Japan. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, No.
184, Oct 1987. 78-83 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
Data are presented
on the sex ratio in Japan. Data are included on differences in the sex
ratio at birth over time and on geographical differences in the sex
ratio at various ages from 30-34 to 55-59.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10601 World
Health Organization [WHO]. Task Force on Oral Contraceptives. Special
Programme of Research, Development, and Research Training in Human
Reproduction (Geneva, Switzerland). Effects of hormonal
contraceptives on breast milk composition and infant growth.
Studies in Family Planning, Vol. 19, No. 6, Pt. 1, Nov-Dec 1988. 361-9
pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Data from Hungary and Thailand are
used to study "breast milk volume and composition and infant
growth...at three- and four-week intervals, up to six months, in a
multicenter randomized double-blind trial comparing a low-dose combined
oral contraceptive (OC) with a progestogen-only OC." Results were
compared with those from two groups, one using nonhormonal methods and
the other using depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA). "Combined OCs
caused a significant decrease in milk output and total energy content
as well as widespread changes in milk constituents....No hormonal
contraceptive was associated with any significant difference in infant
weight or fat fold, nor in the rate of discontinuation for failure to
gain weight. This study reiterates the need to avoid combined OCs
during the first few weeks or months of
lactation."
Correspondence: WHO Special Programme of
Research, Development, and Research Training in Human Reproduction, 27
Avenue Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10602 Blackley,
Paul R. Explaining relative incomes of low-income families
in U.S. cities. Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 69, No. 4, Dec
1988. 835-52 pp. Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"This article examines the
causes of family income inequality using economic, demographic, and
political variations in the system of cities in the United States. An
interurban analysis assesses the relative positions of lower income
families by comparing income levels at the tenth and twenty-fifth
percentiles with the median family income for each urban area. The
initial estimation is conducted separately for blacks and whites and is
followed by an attempt to explain black-white percentile
differentials." It is found that "urban development is no longer
closing the gap between low- and middle-income families [and that]
differences in distributions of family characteristics (e.g.,
education, marital status, and labor force participation) outweigh city
size and labor demand factors in explaining relative income
differentials. Results vary significantly for black and white
samples."
Correspondence: P. R. Blackley, Department of
Economics, LeMoyne College, Syracuse, NY 13214. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
55:10603 Buhmann,
Brigitte; Rainwater, Lee; Schmaus, Guenther; Smeeding, Timothy
M. Equivalence scales, well-being, inequality, and
poverty: sensitivity estimates across ten countries using the
Luxembourg Income Study (LIS) database. Review of Income and
Wealth, Vol. 34, No. 2, Jun 1988. 115-42 pp. New Haven, Connecticut. In
Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to review the available
equivalence scales and to test the sensitivity of various income
inequality and poverty measures to choice of equivalence scale using
the LIS database." The LIS database is an international project
involving sophisticated microdata sets that contain comprehensive
measures of income and economic well-being for 10 industrialized
countries, including Australia, Canada, the Federal Republic of
Germany, Israel, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the
United Kingdom, and the United States. The results indicate that
caution is required in making cross-national comparisons of poverty or
inequality.
Two diskettes in IWTAB-README are included as a
supplement. The diskettes contain LIS documentation and parameters for
income variables and income distributions for households weighted by
number of persons. They require an IBM-PC compatible computer running
DOS 2.0 or higher.
Correspondence: B. Buhmann, Luxembourg
Income Study, Center for Population, Poverty and Policy Studies,
Walferdange, Luxembourg. Location: New York Public Library.
55:10604 Falaris,
Evangelos M. Migration and wages of young men.
Journal of Human Resources, Vol. 23, No. 4, Autumn 1988. 514-34 pp.
Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
A two-period nested logit migration
model with selectivity is specified. The model is then applied to a
sample of young U.S. male workers from nine different census divisions
to study the choices they faced in the first two years after completing
full-time schooling. "We find evidence of the existence of unobserved
similarities in the divisions within each census region. We find that
locational choices in one period affect locational choices of
individuals in subsequent periods. We test for selectivity in
division-specific wage equations and find little evidence of
selectivity in the wage equations of most divisions and evidence of
negative selection in the wage equations of two
divisions."
Correspondence: E. M. Falaris, Department of
Economics, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19711.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
55:10605 Fonseca,
Lois; Tayman, Jeff. Postcensal estimates of household
income distributions. Demography, Vol. 26, No. 1, Feb 1989. 149-59
pp. Alexandria, Virginia. In Eng.
"This article develops and
evaluates a method for deriving postcensal estimates of household
income distributions for [U.S.] counties. A modified lognormal
probability curve is used as a model of income distribution. The
function is closely related to the classical lognormal model, but it
contains a nonlinear component in its derivation. Simulated postcensal
estimates of household income distributions are compared with 1980
census data for the counties in California. The results indicate that
the modified lognormal curve approximates observed income distributions
well and produces reliable postcensal estimates for areas with a wide
variety of median income levels and numbers of
households."
Correspondence: L. Fonseca, Research and
Information Systems, San Diego Association of Governments, 1200 Third
Avenue, San Diego, CA 92101. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10606 Grindstaff,
Carl F. Adolescent marriage and childbearing: the long
term economic outcome, Canada in the 1980's. Population Studies
Centre Discussion Paper, No. 87-13, Dec 1987. 25 pp. University of
Western Ontario, Population Studies Centre: London, Canada; University
of Western Ontario, Centre for Canadian Population Studies: London,
Canada. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to examine the
long-term economic outcomes (education, labour force participation,
occupation and income) associated with female adolescent marriage and
childbearing. The 1981 Canadian Census is the data source for all
women in Canada at 30 years of age, controlling for age at marriage and
age at first birth. The data suggest that women at age 30 in Canada
are in the best economic circumstances when they remain single or when
they marry at age 20 or older and either remain childless or begin
their childbearing at age 25 or older. Implications for these findings
are discussed."
Correspondence: Population Studies Centre,
Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
N6A 5C2, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10607 Grindstaff,
Carl F.; Trovato, Frank. Junior partners: women's
contribution to family income in Canada. Population Studies Centre
Discussion Paper, No. 87-4, Feb 1987. 40 pp. University of Western
Ontario, Population Studies Centre: London, Canada; University of
Western Ontario, Centre for Canadian Population Studies: London,
Canada. In Eng.
Using data from the 1981 Canadian census the
authors examine "the degree of financial contribution of married women
to their overall family income." Findings indicate that "married women
are generally junior economic partners within the family. The extent
of junior partnerships, however, is conditioned by women's human
capital resources."
Correspondence: Population Studies
Centre, Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario, London,
Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10608 Martin,
Linda G.; Ogawa, Naohiro. The effect of cohort size on
relative wages in Japan. In: Economics of changing age
distributions in developed countries, edited by Ronald D. Lee, W. Brian
Arthur, and Gerry Rodgers. International Studies in Demography, 1988.
59-75 pp. Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. In Eng.
"In this
chapter, we focus on one feature of Japanese labour markets, the
seniority wage system, and investigate how it had changed in the last
twenty years as the population has aged. In the first section we
describe some of the institutional characteristics of Japanese
employment and wage structure. In the second section we review the
pattern of change of the past three decades in the age composition of
the productive-age population and of employed persons. The third
section examines the effect of age structure change on relative wages
at both national and industry levels. The final section summarizes
major findings."
Correspondence: L. G. Martin, East-West
Population Institute, East-West Center, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu,
HI 96848. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10609 McQuillan,
Kevin. Family characteristics and personal attributes as
determinants of family income. Population Studies Centre
Discussion Paper, No. 88-7, Jun 1988. 13, [8] pp. University of Western
Ontario, Population Studies Centre: London, Canada. In Eng.
"Data
from the 1986 Survey of Consumer Finances [are] used...to assess the
significance of both personal and family characteristics as
determinants of family income in Canada." Families analyzed include a
husband-wife unit with or without never-married children, and a lone
parent with one or more never-married children living together in the
same dwelling. Consideration is given to the disadvantaged status of
lone-parent families (specifically, female lone-parent families),
educational levels, family size, family relationships, child care, and
labor force participation.
Correspondence: Population
Studies Centre, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10610 Messinger,
Hans; Fedyk, Frank; Zeesman, Allen. The size and
distribution of the poverty gap in Canada: a micro analysis of
variations among demographic groups. Review of Income and Wealth,
Vol. 34, No. 3, Sep 1988. 275-88 pp. New Haven, Connecticut. In Eng.
An attempt is made to provide a micro-level analysis of the size
and distribution of the poverty gap in Canada so that meaningful
comparisons can be made among different demographic groups. The
results suggest that "there are virtually no poor elderly couples and
although there are a large number of poor single elderly, their income
shortfalls are relatively small and are highly concentrated near the
poverty line; the poverty rate among families with children is quite
low but their incomes on average fall well below the poverty line and
are widely dispersed; and single parents fare badly on all
measures."
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
55:10611 Murphy,
Kevin; Plant, Mark; Welch, Finis. Cohort size and earnings
in the USA. In: Economics of changing age distributions in
developed countries, edited by Ronald D. Lee, W. Brian Arthur, and
Gerry Rodgers. International Studies in Demography, 1988. 39-58 pp.
Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. In Eng.
The authors develop an
empirical framework showing the effects of cohort size and age
composition on wage earnings in the United States. Data are from the
March Current Population Survey for the period 1968-1983 and concern
white male civilians aged 14-65 years who were in the labor force and
not in education. "We describe the underlying data and present
summaries showing patterns of change, both in earnings and in the age
of the work-force. We then outline the methods used for estimation.
Results including simulations of life cycles of effects follow. The
main conclusion supports [the] conjecture that cohort size effects on
full career earnings are not particularly large and are considerably
smaller than effects for new entrants."
Correspondence: K.
Murphy, University of Chicago, 5801 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL
60637. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10612 Paul,
Satya. Household composition and the measurement of
disparity in levels of living. Indian Economic Review, Vol. 23,
No. 1, Jan-Jun 1988. 83-106 pp. Delhi, India. In Eng.
The
importance of household composition in the analysis of inequalities in
income distribution based on household survey data is illustrated using
data for rural Punjab, India, from the 25th round of the National
Sample Survey. The study also reveals that distribution of household
consumption expenditure, if not adjusted for household size and
composition effects, gives biased measures of the extent of true
inequality.
Correspondence: S. Paul, Department of
Economics, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
55:10613 Soroka,
Lewis A. Male/female income distributions, city size and
urban characteristics: Canada, 1970-1980. Urban Studies, Vol. 24,
No. 5, Oct 1987. 417-26 pp. Harlow, England. In Eng.
The separate
effects of city size on male and female income distributions are
analyzed using Canadian data for the period 1970-1980. The results
indicate that "cities with greater male income equality do not
necessarily exhibit greater female equality. Further, the variables
which contribute to equality for males are different from those for
females."
Correspondence: L. A. Soroka, Division of Social
Sciences, Brock University, Merrittville Highway, St. Catherines,
Ontario L2S 3A1, Canada. Location: New York Public Library.
55:10614 Torrey,
Barbara B. Assets of the aged: clues and issues.
Population and Development Review, Vol. 14, No. 3, Sep 1988. 489-97,
536-8 pp. New York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"The
1985 median household wealth of the aged in the United States was an
estimated 63,689 [dollars]. Although this is a considerable amount of
wealth, we know very little about what the aged do with their wealth.
This note reviews the available data on the source and size of wealth
among the aged; it summarizes the evidence on the savings behavior of
the aged; and it explores their home-selling behavior. It then
presents some international comparisons of wealth behavior of the aged
in both developed and developing countries and concludes with possible
public policy implications and the broader questions that the data
raise."
Correspondence: B. B. Torrey, Center for
International Research, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C.
20233. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10615 Zopf, Paul
E. American women in poverty. Contributions in
Women's Studies, No. 100, ISBN 0-313-25980-1. LC 88-21348. 1989. xviii,
211 pp. Greenwood Press: Westport, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
The trend toward the feminization of poverty in the United States
is discussed. Using a combination of demographic and sociological
analyses, the author presents "statistical documentation and
comparative data on population groups, geographic areas, and specific
factors associated with female poverty in the United States." The
author first examines how poverty is officially defined and measured.
"He analyzes the characteristics of women family heads and individuals
who are classified as poor, comparing the poverty situations of women
and men and presenting variations by age, race, ethnicity, farm and
nonfarm residence, and urban and nonurban residence." The geographic
distribution of poverty and the factors affecting it are also analyzed,
including "the presence or absence of dependent children, levels of
education, employment status, work experience, work disability,
retirement, and homemaking." The book concludes with practical
suggestions for change.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10616 De Vos,
Susan; Holden, Karen C. On measuring living arrangements
of older individuals in comparative studies. CDE Working Paper,
No. 88-9, [1988]. 19, [6] pp. University of Wisconsin, Center for
Demography and Ecology: Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"A significant
body of literature in gerontology has debated the relative importance
of culture and socioeconomic factors in explaining cross-national
differences in the living arrangements of the elderly
population....This literature has not adopted a standard method of
measuring living arrangements. This note compares the measures that
have been adopted and, using data from countries in Latin America,
Asia, Northwest Europe, and North America, discusses how different
contrasts emerge when different measures are used. We recommend the
use of a classification scheme that recognizes major life-course
factors while using few categories."
Correspondence: Center
for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory
Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1393. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10617 Denton,
Nancy A.; Massey, Douglas S. Residential segregation of
blacks, Hispanics, and Asians by socioeconomic status and
generation. Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 69, No. 4, Dec 1988.
797-817 pp. Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"The effect of socioeconomic
status on the segregation of blacks, Hispanics, and Asians in 60 U.S.
metropolitan areas is examined, and an index of dissimilarity is
computed to determine the level of segregation of each group from
non-Hispanic whites within categories of education, income, and
occupation. The index is also computed separately for immigrants and
natives among Hispanics and Asians. The results show that blacks are
highly segregated from non-Hispanic whites at all socioeconomic levels.
Hispanic and Asian segregation not only is lower at all socioeconomic
levels but declines markedly from low to high socioeconomic status.
For Asians and Hispanics, segregation falls from the immigrant to the
native generation. The results indicate that barriers to integration
persist for blacks in U.S. society, but that processes of integration
and assimilation continue for Hispanics and
Asians."
Correspondence: N. A. Denton, Population Research
Center, University of Chicago, 1155 East 60th Street, Chicago, IL
60637. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:10618 Herting,
Jerald R. The effect of differential fertility on group
occupational mobility. Pub. Order No. DA8802249. 1987. 276 pp.
University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This dissertation incorporates the effects of differential
fertility by occupation on social mobility. [It] addresses how this
demographic factor may influence a sub-population's overall upward or
downward movement in the stratification system and how ignoring this
factor may influence analyses based upon the father to son mobility
table. Using data from the [U.S.] 1973 Occupational Change in a
Generation and from the National Longitudinal Surveys I examine the
mobility experience of fathers and sons for three cohorts of blacks and
three cohorts of whites....Simulations using the mathematical model
shows...that for blacks as a whole differential fertility weakens the
positive effect of recent changes in social mobility for individual
blacks. The technique to adjust for the marginals in an
intergenerational mobility table provides further support for the
impact of differential fertility on the social mobility of blacks. The
log-linear model, however, suggests only slight effects of the
dimension representing differential fertility."
This work was
prepared as a doctoral dissertation at the University of
Washington.
Correspondence: University Microfilms
International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 48(12).
55:10619 Hwang,
Sean-Shong; Murdock, Steve H. Population size and
residential segregation: an empirical evaluation of two
perspectives. Social Science Quarterly, Vol. 69, No. 4, Dec 1988.
818-34 pp. Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"We identify two alternative
theoretical explanations of population size and evaluate their
empirical utility by examining the relationships between population
size and [racial/ethnic] residential segregation [in the United
States]. In so doing, the purpose is to examine alternative
interpretations of the effects of population size rather than
attempting to explicate factors affecting residential segregation.
Residential segregation is thus used only as an exemplar for the
analysis of the theoretical utility of population size." Data are for
146 places in Texas having a total population of 10,000 or
more.
Correspondence: S.-S. Hwang, Department of Sociology,
University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
55:10620 Koptas,
Grazyna. Education of women and changes in the family
model in Poland. [Edukacja kobiet a przemiany modelu rodziny w
Polsce.] Wiadomosci Statystyczne, Vol. 33, No. 5, May 1988. 4-6 pp.
Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
Trends in women's education in Poland for
the period 1960-1986 are reviewed, with a focus on the status of women
and the allocation of women's time. The author concludes that the
rapid changes in women's educational status that have occurred are not
matched by equally rapid changes in family
behavior.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10621 Massey,
Douglas S.; Denton, Nancy A. Residential segregation of
Mexicans, Puerto Ricans, and Cubans in selected U.S. metropolitan
areas. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 73, No. 2, Jan 1989.
73-83 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
"This article compares
patterns of residential segregation for Mexicans, Cubans, and Puerto
Ricans in selected U.S. metropolitan areas in 1980." Data are from the
1980 U.S. census and other published sources. "Multivariate analysis
confirms that patterns for Cubans and Mexicans are not significantly
different from one another, but that the high level of Puerto Rican
segregation from [white] Anglos is
exceptional."
Correspondence: D. S. Massey, Population
Research Center, University of Chicago, 5801 South Ellis Avenue,
Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University Library
(PR).
55:10622 Massey,
Douglas S.; Denton, Nancy A. The dimensions of residential
segregation. Social Forces, Vol. 67, No. 2, Dec 1988. 281-315 pp.
Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
"This paper conceives of
residential segregation as a multidimensional phenomenon varying along
five distinct axes of measurement: evenness, exposure, concentration,
centralization, and clustering. Twenty indices of segregation are
surveyed and related conceptually to one of the five dimensions. Using
data from a large set of [United States] metropolitan areas, the
indices are intercorrelated and factor analyzed. Orthogonal and
oblique rotations produce pattern matrices consistent with the
postulated dimensional structure. Based on the factor analyses and
other information, one index was chosen to represent each of the five
dimensions, and these selections were confirmed with a principal
components analysis. The paper recommends adopting these indices as
standard indicators in future studies of
segregation."
Correspondence: D. S. Massey, Population
Research Center, University of Chicago, 5848 S. University Avenue,
Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:10623 Stapleton,
David C.; Young, Douglas J. Educational attainment and
cohort size. Journal of Labor Economics, Vol. 6, No. 3, Jul 1988.
330-61 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"We argue that the postwar
baby boom [in the United States] caused substantial fluctuations in
both the economic rewards to education and educational attainment over
the last 3 decades. If substitutability between young and old workers
diminishes with education, the present value of lifetime earnings for a
boom cohort is depressed more for highly educated workers, reducing
incentives for educational attainment. The opposite is true for pre-
and postboom cohorts. The diminishing substitutability hypothesis
explains the declines in both the returns to college and college
completion rates in the 1970s and predicts a substantial increase in
educational attainment for postboomers."
Correspondence: D.
C. Stapleton, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755. Location:
Princeton University Library (IR).
55:10624
Goldscheider, Calvin; Goldstein, Sidney. The
Jewish community of Rhode Island: a social and demographic study,
1987. May 1988. [ii], 35 pp. Jewish Federation of Rhode Island:
Providence, Rhode Island. In Eng.
This is a summary report of a
1987 survey of the Rhode Island Jewish community. The report covers
such aspects as population size, spatial distribution, aging, immigrant
origins, migration, families and households, educational status,
marriage and assimilation, religion, and services provided by and for
the community.
Correspondence: Population Studies and
Training Center, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10625 Guillon,
Michelle. French by naturalization: a documentary
file. [Les Francais par acquisition: dossier documentaire.] Revue
Europeenne des Migrations Internationales, Vol. 4, No. 3, 1988. 125-45
pp. Poitiers, France. In Fre.
A demographic analysis of the
population acquiring nationality in France by naturalization or other
means is presented. Data are from French censuses, including the 1982
census. Factors considered include trends since 1928 in the size of
this population and its characteristics, including nationality of
origin, age and sex distribution, residence, and socio-professional
status.
Correspondence: M. Guillon, Institut de Geographie,
Universite de Paris I, 191 Rue Saint-Jacques, 75005 Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10626 Kalibova,
Kveta; Pavlik, Zdenek. Demographic characteristics of the
Romany population in Czechoslovakia. [Cechy demograficzne ludnosci
Cyganskiej w Czechoslowacji.] Studia Demograficzne, No. 3/93, 1988.
37-55 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The
authors describe the characteristics of the Romany population in
Czechoslovakia, using data from National Committee records and the 1980
census. Information is included for the Romany and Czechoslovak
populations on population size, age and sex distribution, fertility,
mortality, life expectancy, infant mortality, and educational
status.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10627 Raigoza,
Jaime. U.S. Hispanics: a demographic and issue
profile. Population and Environment, Vol. 10, No. 2, Winter 1988.
95-106 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"This paper highlights
sociodemographic characteristics of Hispanics and extrapolates issues
attendant to this large and growing segment of American society.
Educational, political, and economic issues are
considered."
Correspondence: J. Raigoza, Department of
Sociology, California State University, Chico, CA 95929-0445.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10628 Ubelaker,
Douglas H. North American Indian population size, A.D.
1500 to 1985. American Journal of Physical Anthropology, Vol. 77,
No. 3, Nov 1988. 289-94 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"Production
of the Smithsonian's Handbook of North American Indians has enabled new
tribe-by-tribe estimates of North American Indian population size.
Collectively these data suggest that population numbered about
1,894,350 at about A.D. 1500. Epidemics and other factors reduced this
number to only 530,000 by 1900. Modern data suggest that by 1985
population size has increased to over 2.5
million."
Correspondence: D. H. Ubelaker, Department of
Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:10629 United
States. Bureau of the Census (Washington, D.C.). The
Hispanic population in the United States: March 1986 and 1987.
Current Population Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics,
No. 434, Dec 1988. v, 89 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report
presents demographic, social, and economic characteristics of the
Hispanic population in the United States based on the March 1986 and
1987 Current Population Surveys (CPS). The estimates of Hispanics were
developed using a revised procedure which includes an allowance for net
undocumented immigration and an increase in the estimate of emigration
by legal residents....The report contains information about the total
Hispanic population, as well as its subgroups--Mexican, Puerto Rican,
Cuban, Central and South American, and other Spanish origin.
Comparable data for the total United States and the non-Hispanic
population also are included. The social and economic characteristics
presented include age, sex, marital status, educational attainment,
school enrollment, fertility, voting and registration, employment
status, family composition and size, income, and poverty
status."
Correspondence: Superintendent of Documents, U.S.
Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10630 Valdivieso,
Rafael; Davis, Cary. U.S. Hispanics: challenging issues
for the 1990s. Population Trends and Public Policy, No. 17, Dec
1988. 16 pp. Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The authors examine the characteristics of the Hispanic population
in the United States. Emphasis is placed on the group's disadvantaged
socioeconomic and political position and on the need to improve
education and job skills. Information is provided on the size of the
Hispanic population, age distribution, discrimination, spatial
distribution, educational and occupational status, poverty, language,
and political participation. Future trends that will affect the U.S.
Latino population are outlined.
Correspondence: Population
Reference Bureau, P.O. Box 96152, Washington, D.C. 20090-6152.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10631 van der
Erf, R. F.; Tas, R. F. J. Aliens in the Netherlands on
January 1 1988. [Niet-Nederlanders op 1 januari 1988.]
Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 36, No. 12, Dec 1988. 12-20 pp.
Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The alien
population in the Netherlands as at January 1, 1988, is analyzed using
data from official sources. Excluded from the analysis are Dutch
citizens born in Suriname, the Netherlands Antilles, or Aruba and
aliens who have obtained Dutch nationality. The largest two categories
are shown to be Turks and Moroccans.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10632
Wakabayashi, Keiko. Preface to the population
problems of minority groups in China. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal
of Population Problems, No. 186, Apr 1988. 35-57 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In
Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
This paper is an introduction to the study
of China's minority populations, which total some 62 million persons,
or 6.7 percent of the total population according to the 1982 census.
The author discusses the government's preferential policies toward
minorities and their impact on the development and growth of minority
populations.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
