55:10427 Adams,
Owen. Divorce rates in Canada. Canadian Social
Trends, No. 11, Winter 1988. 18-9 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
Trends in divorce rates in Canada since 1951 are briefly reviewed.
The significant increase in the divorce rate over time is attributed to
the easing of legal restrictions on marital dissolution since the
Divorce Acts of 1968 and 1985.
Correspondence: O. Adams,
Health Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
55:10428 Al-Arabi,
Mohammad. Educational differentials in nuptiality
patterns: evidence from the 1976 Jordan Fertility Survey. Pub.
Order No. DA8804873. 1987. 442 pp. University Microfilms International:
Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"Rapid social and economic changes
have been taking place in Jordan during the last two decades. Most
notable is educational development, which has been outstanding. To
assess the impact these changes have on nuptiality in Jordan, analysis
of the levels and patterns of marriage timing, marital disruption, and
remarriage for five identified educational groups of women was
undertaken in this thesis....Levels and trends of sex differences in
age at marriage and the proportions ever married were also examined.
The socio-economic factors associated with the observed levels of
female age at first marriage, divorce or separation, and remarriage
were analyzed. The data used for analysis in this thesis are primarily
those of the 1976 Jordan Fertility Survey....Data from the censuses and
demographic surveys conducted throughout the period 1961-1983 were also
used."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at the
University of Pennsylvania.
Correspondence: University
Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 49(2).
55:10429 Anderton,
Douglas L.; Emigh, Rebecca J. Polygynous fertility:
sexual competition versus progeny. American Journal of Sociology,
Vol. 94, No. 4, Jan 1989. 832-55 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"Three theoretical explanations for the effects of polygyny on
marital fertility are investigated through an analysis of birth
intervals in polygynous marriages of a 19th-century Utah [United
States] population. Through the use of life-course fertility histories,
behavior among polygynous wives is shown to depend on the number of
children born to all wives rather than on biological factors such as
the competition among greater numbers of wives for reproductive
attention or age-related infecundity. When biological effects are
controlled, a greater (lesser) number of children born to earlier wives
reduces (increases) fertility of more recent wives later in their life
courses. Thus, it is argued that largely data-driven studies of
polygyny may benefit from fertility theory, which emphasizes the role
of the demand for children."
Correspondence: D. L.
Anderton, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
55:10430
Balakrishnan, T. R.; Chen, Jiajian. Religiosity,
nuptiality and reproduction in Canada. Population Studies Centre
Discussion Paper, No. 88-5, Aug 1988. 29 pp. University of Western
Ontario, Population Studies Centre: London, Canada. In Eng.
"While
religious affiliation per se is becoming less important in nuptiality
and reproduction in Canada, religiosity continues to be very
significant. Using the data from the Canadian Fertility Survey of 1984
which interviewed a national sample of 5,315 women in the reproductive
years, [the authors] find that religiosity, as measured by church
attendance, is strongly related to premarital cohabitation, marital
dissolution, fertility and contraceptive behaviour....Religiosity is
also found to be associated with attitudes towards abortion, premarital
sex and attitudes towards childbearing."
Correspondence:
Population Studies Centre, University of Western Ontario, London,
Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10431 Bartlema,
J. Completing a two-sex nuptiality matrix with fixed
marginals: an application of the relational approach in
demography. In: Profession: demographer. Ten population studies
in honour of F. H. A. G. Zwart, edited by B. van Norren and H. A. W.
van Vianen. 1988. 89-100 pp. Geo Pers: Groningen, Netherlands. In Eng.
The two-sex nuptiality matrix with fixed marginals that is used to
prepare official forecasts of nuptiality in the Netherlands is
described. The author concludes that a relational model of this kind
fits the available data satisfactorily.
Correspondence: J.
Bartlema, Netherlands Interuniversity Demographic Institute [NIDI],
P.O. Box 955, AZ Voorburg, Netherlands. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10432 Billig,
Michael S. The marriage market in two Indian states: a
study in demographic anthropology. Pub. Order No. DA8800869. 1987.
375 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In
Eng.
"This dissertation examines the notion of a 'marriage market'
and presents an empirical and theoretical analysis of the demography of
marriage in the Indian states of Rajasthan and Kerala over the last
four decades. It is argued that pyramidal age composition, rapid
population growth and age differences between spouses lead to a
propensity toward 'marriage squeezes' against females, or a situation
where there is a surplus of women at marriageable ages....It is
concluded that the only way to truly understand a marriage market
(i.e., the actual universe of potential spouses defined as appropriate)
is through ethnographic investigation in a more limited locale on a
lower level of aggregation. The marriage market is viewed as a
constraining intermediate variable between population processes, gender
relations, female autonomy and many aspects of culture change."
This
work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at Harvard
University.
Correspondence: University Microfilms
International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 48(11).
55:10433 Braun,
Werner. Divorces 1986-1987: principal results.
[Ehescheidungen 1986/1987: die wichtigsten Ergebnisse.] Wirtschaft und
Statistik, No. 10, Oct 1988. 682-8 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal
Republic of. In Ger.
Information is presented on divorces in the
Federal Republic of Germany for 1986-1987, with comparative data from
earlier years also included. The data are analyzed according to
marriage cohort, state, number of children involved, whether the
husband or wife is seeking the divorce, rural and urban regions,
duration of marriage, and age at marriage.
Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
55:10434 Bumpass,
Larry L.; Sweet, James A. Preliminary evidence on
cohabitation. NSFH Working Paper, No. 2, Sep 1988. 19 pp.
University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology: Madison,
Wisconsin. In Eng.
Levels of cohabitation experience in the United
States are estimated using data from the National Survey of Families
and Households on 6,881 married couples and 682 cohabiting couples.
"In this preliminary analysis we focus on the estimation of levels of
cohabitation experience, and on the comparison between measures of
unions based alternatively on cohabitation and marriage. The paper
concludes with a look at factors associated with cohabitation before
first marriage, using a proportional hazards model."
This is a
revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1988 Annual
Meeting of the Population Association of America (see Population Index,
Vol. 54, No. 3, Fall 1988, p. 514).
Correspondence: Center
for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 4412 Social
Science Building, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10435 Carmichael,
Gordon A. Socio-demographic correlates of divorce in New
Zealand. Journal of the Australian Population Association, Vol. 5,
No. 1, May 1988. 58-81 pp. Carlton South, Australia. In Eng.
"This
paper links data obtained from a one-in-five systematic sample of New
Zealand divorce files covering the period 1940-78 with published
marriage and birth statistics to examine socio-demographic
differentials in divorce rates among couples married between 1939 and
1973. Differentials investigated are those by age at marriage,
relative age of bride and groom, marital status prior to marriage,
relative marital status of bride and groom, pregnancy status of the
wife at marriage, timing of the first birth, religion, country of birth
and socioeconomic status. Several findings of overseas studies, such
as the special proneness to divorce of very youthful marriages and
remarriages following previous divorces, are verified for New Zealand.
After controlling for age at marriage, pregnancy does not seem to have
directly increased the risk of divorce."
Correspondence: G.
A. Carmichael, Australian Family Project, Research School of Social
Sciences, Australian National University, GPO Box 4, Canberra ACT 2601,
Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10436 Cutler,
Blayne. Bachelor party. American Demographics, Vol.
11, No. 2, Feb 1989. 22-6, 55 pp. Ithaca, New York. In Eng.
Trends
in the characteristics of the single male population in the United
States are reviewed. Consideration is given to the categories of
never-married, divorced, and widowed men; shifts in the age
distribution among these groups; and the implications of these changes
for business markets.
Correspondence: B. Cutler, American
Demographics, 108 North Cayuga Street, Ithaca, NY 14850.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10437 Domenach,
Jean-Luc; Hua, Chang-Ming. Marriage in China. [Le
mariage en Chine.] ISBN 2-7246-0542-X. 1987. 187 pp. Presses de la
Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques: Paris, France. In Fre.
Marriage in contemporary China is analyzed using data from Chinese
sources, primarily the press. The authors show that marriage in China
is an institution which reflects individual aspirations, the rules of
society, and the objectives of those in power. The impact of
bureaucracy and political cadres on marriage and the family is noted.
The high level of continuity in the characteristics of marriage from
pre-revolutionary times is then discussed, and the continuing influence
of traditional cultural factors as well as new economic factors
described.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10438 Festy,
Patrick. Divorces in France and World War II. [Les
divorces en France et la Seconde Guerre Mondiale.] Population, Vol. 43,
No. 4-5, Jul-Oct 1988. 815-28 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in
Eng; Spa.
The impact of World War II on divorce trends in France is
reviewed. The author notes that "the yearly number of divorces rose
much more sharply after the second world war than they had fallen
during the war. This is due to the disturbances the war had caused in
the lives of couples, but it also turns out that marriages contracted
in 1939 and 1940 were particularly liable to break down. Low birth
rates typify these pre-war and post-war cohorts, particularly marriages
contracted at the beginning of the war."
Correspondence: P.
Festy, INED, 27 Rue du Commandeur, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10439 Kane,
Thomas T.; Stephen, Elizabeth H. Patterns of intermarriage
of guestworker populations in the Federal Republic of Germany:
1960-1985. Zeitschrift fur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 14, No.
2, 1988. 187-204 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre; Ger.
"This study takes advantage of a unique body
of exceptionally good quality data to examine the patterns and trends
in intermarriage between foreign guestworker populations residing in
the Federal Republic of Germany...and native Germans between 1960 and
1985. Rates and prevalence of intermarriage of native Germans and the
five largest foreign guestworker populations living in Germany...are
estimated for 1960 to 1985 using published and unpublished data. Also,
the propensity of foreign men and women residing in Germany to
intermarry with native Germans is examined in relation to changes in
the demographic structure...of the foreign groups over time. Lastly,
the relationship between intermarriage and other measures of
assimilation is examined for each of the five foreign
groups."
Correspondence: T. T. Kane, National Academy of
Sciences, 2101 Constitution Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20418.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10440 Kaneko,
Takeharu; Mita, Fusami. Marriage tables for Japanese
couples: 1975-1985. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population
Problems, No. 187, Jul 1988. 57-66 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
Marriage tables are presented for Japan for the years 1975, 1980,
and 1985.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10441 Larson,
Ann. Marriage in late nineteenth-century Melbourne.
Journal of the Australian Population Association, Vol. 5, No. 1, May
1988. 15-45 pp. Carlton South, Australia. In Eng.
"This article
uses Melbourne [Australia] marriage certificates from 1866 to 1896 to
compare urban and rural marriage trends and study the individual
determinants of the timing of first marriage; on the whole, urban
brides and grooms were likely to be younger than rural ones. Economic
conditions, as measured by occupation, played a more important role in
men's timing of marriage than in women's. The fact that prenuptial
pregnancy led couples to marry several years before their peers
suggests that family commitments and other personal, unmeasured,
factors affected marriage age."
Correspondence: A. Larson,
Department of Demography, Research School of Social Sciences,
Australian National University, GPO Box 4, Canberra ACT 2601,
Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10442 Lee,
Tung-Ming. A study on the stability of first marriages for
married women of childbearing age in the Taiwan area--an exploration of
the age of first marriage, dimensions of premarital pregnancy and the
method of marital decision making. Journal of Population Studies,
No. 11, Jun 1988. 33-54 pp. Taipei, Taiwan. In Chi. with sum. in Eng.
The stability of first marriages among women of childbearing age in
Taiwan is examined. The data are from a survey of induced abortion
among over 12,000 Taiwanese married women. Consideration is given to
age at first marriage, premarital pregnancy, and marital decision
making. The relationship of these factors to marriage duration and
remarriage is analyzed.
Correspondence: T.-M. Lee, Taiwan
Provincial Institute of Family Planning, Taiwan. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10443 Leridon,
Henri. An analysis of matrimonial histories in the survey
on family status. [Analyse des biographies matrimoniales dans
l'enquete sur les situations familiales.] INED Dossiers et Recherches,
No. 19, Nov 1988. 64 pp. Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques
[INED]: Paris, France. In Fre.
Initial events in the family life
cycle in France are analyzed using data compiled in 1986 from a
national sample of 4,091 men and women aged 21-44. The events
considered include first union, marriage, birth of first child,
separation, and divorce. In the first part, the author shows that
although age at first union has not changed significantly over the last
20 years, the proportion of first unions started outside marriage has
increased substantially and that these changes have an impact on
separation and divorce rates. He then discusses the relationships
between these changes in marital history and fertility, including
fertility outside marriage and fertility by type of union. An English
summary is separate from the main body of the
text.
Correspondence: INED, 27 Rue du Commandeur, 75675
Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:10444 London,
Kathryn A. Children of divorce. Vital and Health
Statistics, Series 21: Data from the National Vital Statistics System,
No. 46, Pub. Order No. DHHS (PHS) 89-1924. ISBN 0-8406-0400-9. LC
88-31316. Jan 1989. iv, 25 pp. U.S. National Center for Health
Statistics [NCHS]: Hyattsville, Maryland. In Eng.
"This report
analyzes trends for the period 1950-84 in the number and proportion of
children whose parents divorced [in the United States]. Characteristics
of divorcing couples with and without children are examined, including
number of previous marriages, age at divorce, age at marriage, race,
education, and whether it was the husband or the wife who petitioned
for the divorce. Geographic variations are also
discussed."
Correspondence: NCHS, Federal Center Building,
Room 1-57, 3700 East-West Highway, Hyattsville, MD 20782.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10445 Martin,
Teresa C.; Bumpass, Larry L. Recent trends in marital
disruption. Demography, Vol. 26, No. 1, Feb 1989. 37-51 pp.
Alexandria, Virginia. In Eng.
"The post-1980 decline in the crude
[U.S.] divorce rate must be interpreted in the context of the long-term
trend and in terms of what we know about composition effects on crude
measures--particularly given shifts in age at marriage and the age
composition effects of the baby boom. Data from the June 1985 Current
Population Survey permit more detailed, exposure-specific measurements
as well as the use of separation as the event terminating marriage.
Estimates from these data suggest a decline followed by a recovery.
Taking into account well-known levels of underreporting, we find that
recent rates imply that about two-thirds of all first marriages are
likely to end in separation or divorce. We examine the persistence of
major differences in marital stability and evaluate the comparative
stability of first and second marriages."
Correspondence:
T. C. Martin, Center for Demography and Ecology, 1180 Observatory
Drive, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10446 McCrate,
Elaine. Trade, merger and employment: economic theory on
marriage. Review of Radical Political Economics, Vol. 19, No. 1,
Spring 1987. 73-89 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"In this paper I
explore two neoclassical theories on marriage which extend the
conventional analyses of trade and merger. An alternative perspective
on marriage is proposed, which extends a Marxian analysis of employment
relations. I develop each of the three theories' implications
concerning the nature of power relations between men and women in the
family. Finally, I argue that the employment approach produces the most
compelling account of the peculiarities of the marriage contract, and
of the contemporary unprecedented decline in the proportion of United
States women who are married."
Correspondence: E. McCrate,
Department of Economics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
55:10447 McQuillan,
Kevin. Protoindustry and marriage: some evidence from
Alsace. Population Studies Centre Discussion Paper, No. 88-8, Aug
1988. 20, [8] pp. University of Western Ontario, Population Studies
Centre: London, Canada. In Eng.
"The present paper seeks to clarify
the argument regarding the effects of protoindustry [on marriage
patterns] and to test the model using data from agricultural,
protoindustrial and industrial communities in [nineteenth-century]
Alsace [France]. The analysis points to a lower age at marriage among
male factory workers and their brides but uncovers no evidence of a
pattern of early marriage among protoindustrial
workers."
Correspondence: Population Studies Centre,
University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10448 Montgomery,
Mark R.; Cheung, Paul P. L.; Sulak, Donna B. Rates of
courtship and first marriage in Thailand. Population Studies, Vol.
42, No. 3, Nov 1988. 375-88 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The rate
at which marriage opportunities occur is an important determinant of
age at first marriage. In this paper the authors consider
individual-level data on courtships in Thailand, and develop a
statistical model of the courtship rate, using data drawn from the
Thailand Asian Marriage Survey of 1978-9. A proportional-hazards model
of women's age at first marriage is also estimated. The first-marriage
hazard function can be partitioned into the courtship rate and the
probability that a given courtship will lead to marriage. The authors
show how the rate of courtship contributes to an understanding of the
age-pattern in the first-marriage hazard
function."
Correspondence: M. R. Montgomery, Office of
Population Research, Princeton University, 21 Prospect Avenue,
Princeton, NJ 08544-2091. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10449 Ndubuisi,
Samuel C. Nuptiality patterns in Jamaica: an
increment-decrement life table analysis. Pub. Order No. DA8806520.
1986. 204 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan.
In Eng.
The author examines the history of nuptiality, its
patterns, dynamics, and stability in Jamaica using data from the World
Fertility Survey and increment-decrement life table analysis. "Union
formation starts early and is fairly universal and popular in Jamaica.
Contrary to many published reports, union life is stable and long
lasting. A ten year old girl should expect to spend almost all her
remaining life in one marital union. Most initial unions are of the
visiting kind and most legal unions or marriages take place late in
life. Marriages in Jamaica may be demographically insignificant since
they do not signify the beginning of union life or of
childbearing."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at
Howard University.
Correspondence: University Microfilms
International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 49(2).
55:10450 Riche,
Martha F. The postmarital society. American
Demographics, Vol. 10, No. 11, Nov 1988. 22-6, 60 pp. Ithaca, New York.
In Eng.
Current and prospective marriage patterns in the United
States are reviewed, with particular reference to the implication of
these trends for consumer businesses. The focus is on the growing
number of individuals who are spending more of their adult lives
unmarried and the long-term implications of these trends for those
providing goods and services.
Correspondence: M. F. Riche,
The Numbers News, P.O. Box 68, Ithaca, NY 14851. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10451 Singh, V.
K.; Mishra, R. N.; Singh, K. K.; Swivedi, S. N. On the
pattern of age at marriage in rural India: a mathematical
approach. Rural Demography, Vol. 13, No. 1-2, 1986. 47-54 pp.
Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Eng.
A mathematical model to estimate age at
first marriage is presented and adapted to data from a 1978 survey of
married couples living in 19 villages in Varanasi Tehsil,
India.
Correspondence: V. K. Singh, Centre of Population
Studies, Barnaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221 005, UP, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10452 Tripathy,
P. K. Determinants of age at marriage for females in
Orissa: a path analysis. Rural Demography, Vol. 13, No. 1-2,
1986. 21-30 pp. Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Eng.
The authors analyze the
socioeconomic and demographic determinants affecting female marriage
age in Orissa, India. Factors studied include percentage of urban
population, sex ratio, female literacy, percentage of scheduled castes
and scheduled tribes, and percentage of non-agricultural workers. Data
are from official and other published
sources.
Correspondence: P. K. Tripathy, Department of
Statistics, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology,
Bhubaneswar 751 003, District Puri, Orissa, India. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10453 Verma, K.
L.; Mohapatra, S. C.; Mohapatra, P.; Mishra, Gitanjali; Goyal, C.
P. Some prospects of perception of fertility and
marriage. Man in India, Vol. 68, No. 2-3, Jun-Sep 1988. 243-51 pp.
Ranchi, India. In Eng.
Attitudes toward marriage among fertile and
infertile women in India are compared using data on 400 urban and rural
women in Varanasi. The universality of marriage among women is
noted.
Correspondence: K. L. Verma, Rural Health and
Training Centre, Chiraigaon, Varanasi, India. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
55:10454 White,
Douglas R.; Burton, Michael L. Causes of polygyny:
ecology, economy, kinship, and warfare. American Anthropologist,
Vol. 90, No. 4, Dec 1988. 871-87 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"We
discuss and test competing explanations for polygyny based on household
economics, male-centered kin groups, warfare, and environmental
characteristics. Data consist of codes for 142 societies from the
Standard Cross-Cultural Sample, including new codes for polygyny and
environmental characteristics. An explanatory model is tested for the
worldwide sample using regression analysis, and then replicated with
regional samples. We obtain convergent results with two different
measures of polygyny, cultural rules for men's marriages and the
percentage of women married polygymously. We conclude that the best
predictors of polygyny are fraternal interest groups, warfare for
capture of women, absence of constraints on expansion into new lands,
and environmental quality and homegeneity."
Correspondence:
D. R. White, School of Social Sciences, University of California,
Irvine, CA 92717. Location: Princeton University Library
(PR).
55:10455 Wilson,
Barbara F. Remarriages and subsequent divorces: United
States. Vital and Health Statistics, Series 21: Data from the
National Vital Statistics System, No. 45, Pub. Order No. DHHS (PHS)
89-1923. ISBN 0-8406-0399-1. LC 88-600249. Jan 1989. iv, 34 pp. U.S.
National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS]: Hyattsville, Maryland. In
Eng.
"The trend in remarriages and subsequent divorces during the
1970-83 period [in the United States] is presented. Data drawn from
records of remarriage provide information on geographic variation and
month of marriage. Demographic characteristics of the spouses such as
age, race, previous marital status, interval since last marriage ended,
and educational attainment are described. Information drawn from
records of redivorce provide information on ages of spouses, number of
children involved, and duration of the
remarriage."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10456 Wineberg,
Howard. Duration between marriage and first birth and
marital instability. Social Biology, Vol. 35, No. 1-2,
Spring-Summer 1988. 91-102 pp. Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"This
paper considers whether marital instability varies by the duration
between marriage and first birth among ever-married white and black
American women." Data are from the June 1985 Current Population
Survey. Possible reasons for the racial differences identified are
discussed.
Correspondence: H. Wineberg, Center for
Population Research and Census, School of Urban and Public Affairs,
Portland, OR. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10457 Wong,
Odalia H. A survival analysis of first marriage
postponement. 1987. University Microfilms International: Ann
Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This dissertation analyzes the
determinants of the age at first marriage of young [U.S.] women. The
empirical analysis is performed on a sample of white women born between
the late 1940s and the mid-1950s which is taken from the National
Longitudinal Survey of Young Women's [Labor] Market Experiences....The
relationships between the age at first marriage and the women's
personal characteristics such as educational attainment, school
enrollment, employment, income, and future plan at age 35...are
examined. In addition, the relationships between the age at first
marriage and the women's family background characteristics such as
parental education level, father's occupational level, mother's
employment and living arrangement at age 14 are also examined. Our
analysis shows that late marriers are generally more highly educated,
employed, have higher income, and plan to work later in life." The
results indicate that young women are not foregoing marriage. "Rather,
it is an indication that young women are postponing marriage until
education is completed, employment is secured and savings
accumulated."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at
the University of Chicago.
Correspondence: University
Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 48(11).
55:10458 Wu,
Lawrence L. Age dependencies in rates of first
marriage. CDE Working Paper, No. 88-35, Jun 1988. 54 pp.
University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology: Madison,
Wisconsin. In Eng.
Using data on women from the June 1980 U.S.
Current Population Survey, the author finds "that first marriage rates
exhibit simple and highly regular patterns of age dependence.
Individual-level attributes alter, but do not fundamentally change,
these observed regularities. [It is also shown that] the effects of
individual-level attributes also vary in highly regular ways with age.
Situational, historical, and cultural factors influence distinct
aspects of the rate. Thus, regular patterns of age dependence appear
characteristic of both first marriage rates and the social mechanisms
governing the rate."
Correspondence: Center for Demography
and Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison,
WI 53706-1393. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10459 Anderson,
Michael. Households, families and individuals: some
preliminary results from the national sample from the 1851 census of
Great Britain. Continuity and Change, Vol. 3, No. 3, Dec 1988.
421-38 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Ger.
"This
paper uses data from the national sample from the 1851 census of Great
Britain to describe a number of aspects of household and family
structure, and of the residence patterns of individuals within families
and households. Where appropriate, the data are compared with findings
from the Cambridge Group's collection of pre-industrial English
listings and with material from modern published censuses. Among the
many subjects surveyed are the kinship composition of households,
patterns of servant keeping and lodging, the frequency and membership
patterns of two- and single-parent family groups, and the residential
behaviour of the aged and of children."
Correspondence: M.
Anderson, Department of Economic and Social History, University of
Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, Scotland. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10460 Andorka,
Rudolf. The number of children in developed
societies. [Gyermekszam a fejlett orszagokban.] ISBN
963-281-758-3. LC 87-208289. 1987. 372 pp. Gondolat: Budapest, Hungary.
In Hun.
Socioeconomic factors affecting fertility and family size
in developed countries are examined using the example of Hungary.
Separate consideration is given to preindustrialization, the period of
the baby boom, and the mid-1960s.
Location: U.S. Library of
Congress, Washington, D.C.
55:10461 Beaujot,
Roderic. Rationales for childbearing in Tunisia.
Population Studies Centre Discussion Paper, No. 87-15, Nov 1987. 34,
[13] pp. University of Western Ontario, Population Studies Centre:
London, Canada. In Eng.
The author examines rationales for
childbearing in Tunisia. Respondents in a survey of 532 persons carried
out in 1983 were questioned concerning reasons for having children,
family size preferences, age at marriage, and contraceptive use.
Findings have implications on how rationales develop in a culture and
affect behavior including attitudes toward family
planning.
Correspondence: Population Studies Centre,
University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5C2, Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10462 Bernhardt,
Eva M. Changing family ties, women's position and low
fertility. Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, No. 46, ISBN
91-7820-033-4. Sep 1988. 32, 6 pp. University of Stockholm, Section of
Demography: Stockholm, Sweden. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper
is to try to clarify the issue of how changing family ties and changes
in women's position in society is related to below-replacement
fertility." The geographical focus is on Western Europe and
English-speaking developed countries, with a primary emphasis on
Sweden. The author first examines gender roles in the family context,
and then proceeds to examine women's roles outside the family,
specifically female labor force participation and its effect on gender
equality and fertility. She concludes that the solution to raising
fertility to replacement levels may lie in increasing gender equality
and male involvement in the family, rather than in reinforcing
traditional female roles emphasizing
motherhood.
Correspondence: Stockholm University, Section
of Demography, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10463 Boiko, V.
V. The small family: socio-psychological aspects.
[Malodetnaya sem'ya: sotsial'no-psikhologicheskii aspekt.] 2nd ed.
ISBN 5-244-00041-1. 1988. 238 pp. Mysl': Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
This
study is concerned with the social and psychological problems
associated with the increasing prevalence of small families in urban
areas of the Soviet Union. Data are from official sources and
psychosocial surveys carried out in Leningrad in 1973-1974, 1977, and
1981. Topics covered include the desire for children, ideal family
size, and motives for limiting fertility. Consideration is given to
the implications of low fertility for both the family and
society.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
55:10464 Cherlin,
Andrew J. The weakening link between marriage and the care
of children. Family Planning Perspectives, Vol. 20, No. 6, Nov-Dec
1988. 302-6 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The author examines
reasons for the weakened link between marriage and child care in the
United States. "We focus in this article on the changes that have
taken place in three areas of family formation: out-of-wedlock
childbearing, marriage and divorce, and living arrangements." The
social consequences of these changes are considered, and possible
public policies to address the situation are assessed. Comparisons are
made with child-care strategies in Japan and
Sweden.
Correspondence: A. J. Cherlin, Department of
Sociology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10465 Crispell,
Diane. Three's a crowd. American Demographics, Vol.
11, No. 1, Jan 1989. 34-8 pp. Ithaca, New York. In Eng.
Characteristics of the 6 million U.S. families with three or more
children are described. The emphasis is on the spending patterns of
such families.
Correspondence: D. Crispell, American
Demographics, 108 North Cayuga Street, Ithaca, NY 14850.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10466 Ermisch,
John. Changing demographic patterns and the housing market
with special reference to Great Britain. In: Economics of changing
age distributions in developed countries, edited by Ronald D. Lee, W.
Brian Arthur, and Gerry Rodgers. International Studies in Demography,
1988. 155-82 pp. Clarendon Press: Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The
first part of this chapter considers the factors influencing the number
of households formed out of the population [in Great Britain]. With
this as a background, a measure of the change in the number of
households purely attributable to age-sex distribution changes is
derived. The second part...uses this measure in an econometric
analysis of the effect of changes in the age-sex distribution of the
population on house prices and public and private sector investment in
housing....The third part of the chapter investigates the effect of
demographic changes on the composition of housing demand....In general
it can be said that British housing markets are subject to considerable
demographic pressure during the 1980s, but during the 1990s the
demographic impetus to household growth and aggregate housing
investment gradually fades away."
Correspondence: J.
Ermisch, Policy Studies Institute, 100 Park Village East, London NW1
3SR, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10467 Faessen, W.
B. M. Alone or with other persons at an address.
[Alleen of met anderen op een adres.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking,
Vol. 36, No. 11, Nov 1988. 13-20 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut.
with sum. in Eng.
One-person households and their characteristics
are examined for the Netherlands using data on the addresses of
individuals from the partial enumeration of January 1, 1987. The data
concern persons living alone and those in consensual
unions.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10468 Fapohunda,
Eleanor R. Household structure and economic-demographic
decision-making in southern Nigeria. Pub. Order No. DA8801530.
1987. 327 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan.
In Eng.
"This study argues that the New Home Economics Model can
not adequately explain either Southern Nigerian family financial
practices or fertility behavior for it considers the domestic
decision-making unit to be a nuclear household with common preferences
and pooled resources. Instead, the thesis theoretically extends the
Transactions Framework which recognizes the importance of family
structure on domestic decision-making....Using a data set of 226 Lagos
households, the study establishes that....spousal reproductive goals
may not be homogeneous and that the reproductive decision-making unit
need not be the household. Moreover, it demonstrates that the
characteristics of implicit family contracts influence reproductive
goals or actual fertility behavior by altering perceived price and
income effects."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation
at New York University.
Correspondence: University
Microfilms International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 48(11).
55:10469 Foteeva,
Ekaterina. Living conditions of the family, relationships
between married couples, and the birth rate in the USSR. [Usloviya
na zhivot na semeistvoto, vzaimootnosheniya mezhdu sapruzite i
razhdaemost v SSSR.] Naselenie, Vol. 6, No. 1, 1988. 79-93 pp. Sofia,
Bulgaria. In Bul. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The relationships between
various aspects of the family and reproduction in the USSR are explored
using data from various Soviet sources. Attention is paid to the impact
of living conditions on fertility, as well as to the effects of
personality and the roles played by both spouses within the family.
The author concludes that large families are associated with mothers
who are more involved in the family than in outside activities, mothers
who are able to combine family roles with their other activities, and
families in which both spouses participate in family-oriented
tasks.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10470 Glick, Paul
C. Fifty years of family demography: a record of social
change. Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 50, No. 4, Nov
1988. 861-73 pp. Saint Paul, Minnesota. In Eng.
"Written in honor
of the 50th anniversary of the Journal of Marriage and the Family, this
essay tells how family demography developed in the United States and
then summarizes findings from selected research projects on the subject
since 1940. Early studies examined the family life cycle, historical
family trends, religious and racial intermarriage, socioeconomic status
and family stability, and the marriage squeeze. Later analyses dealt
with international trends in marriage, health of the married and
unmarried, cohabitation outside marriage, one-parent families, and
living alone. Still more recent investigations included gender
preferences in children, marital stability and sex of children,
no-fault divorce, divorce among children of divorce, projections of
marital status, remarriage, marital homogamy, stepfamilies, and some
consequences of recent changes in American family
demographics."
Correspondence: P. C. Glick, Department of
Sociology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10471 Grindstaff,
Carl F. The future of Canadian fertility: reproductive
expectations among university students. Population Studies Centre
Discussion Paper, No. 87-3, Jan 1987. 16, [6] pp. University of Western
Ontario, Population Studies Centre: London, Canada; University of
Western Ontario, Centre for Canadian Population Studies: London,
Canada. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to examine child
expectation data for a sample of [650] university students in
Canada...in 1985, and to analyze factors and determinants associated
with differential expectations. The sample expected to have 2.57
children with an approximate range of between 2 and 3 children expected
in sub groups differentiated by religion, life goals, religiosity,
abortion attitudes, age, sex, siblings and parental educational level.
The discussion centres around the level of future fertility in Canada
and the trends in variables associated with possible fertility
differentials."
Correspondence: Population Studies Centre,
Department of Sociology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario
N6A 5C2, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10472 Guo,
Zhigang. Several problems about the study of family
households. Population Research, Vol. 5, No. 1, Mar 1988. 29-33,
13 pp. Beijing, China. In Eng.
In China there are trends toward
households consisting of only the nuclear family and toward reduced
family size. The author discusses the development of these trends and
their impact on the economy, population characteristics, number of
households, and internal migration for the period 1953-1987. Data are
from official Chinese sources.
This is a translation of the Chinese
article in Renkou Yanjiu (Beijing, China), No. 2, 1987.
Correspondence: Z. Guo, Institute of Population Research,
People's University of China, 39 Haidian Road, Beijing, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10473 Hirosima,
Kiyosi. A model of parent/child coresidence, taking into
account postnuptial competition. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of
Population Problems, No. 186, Apr 1988. 14-34 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
with sum. in Eng.
An analysis of coresidence patterns among parents
and their children is presented. The author develops a two-sex model
to show that what he defines as coresidability "is affected not only by
the competition among children's siblings concerning the coresidence
with their parents, but also by the competition between the siblings of
the children and the siblings of children's spouses concerning the
coresidence with parents and by the competition between the parents and
the parents of children's spouses concerning the coresidence with their
children."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10474 Hirosima,
Kiyosi; Yamamoto, Chizuko. Analysis and prospect of the
number of households in Japan. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of
Population Problems, No. 179, Jul 1986. 60-70 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
Recent estimates of the number of households in Japan are analyzed
and some official projections considered up to the year 2050.
Consideration is given to changes in household characteristics and size
over time.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10475 Hoem,
Britta. Early phases of family formation in contemporary
Sweden. Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, No. 47, ISBN
91-7820-034-2. Aug 1988. 33, 6 pp. University of Stockholm, Section of
Demography: Stockholm, Sweden. In Eng.
The author examines recent
demographic trends in Sweden, in which "the country has led the way in
the decrease in marriage rates and the increase in nonmarital
cohabitation..., almost half of all children and two in three of first
children are now born outside marriage, and female labor force
participation of mothers with preschool children is at a record
high...." Data are primarily taken from the 1981 Swedish Fertility
Survey and a mail survey of 600 young people conducted in
1985.
Correspondence: Stockholm University, Section of
Demography, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10476 Hohn,
Charlotte. From the extended family to the nuclear family?
Changes in family forms during the demographic transition. [Von
der Grossfamilie zur Kernfamilie? Zum Wandel der Familienformen
wahrend des demographischen Ubergangs.] Zeitschrift fur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1988. 237-50 pp. Wiesbaden,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"After
briefly discussing the question whether the demographic transition is a
theory, a concept, or a historical description, the paper...presents
theory approaches dealing with the change of family forms. [It
addresses]...the debate about the nuclearization hypothesis implying
that--during the process of modernization--the family system changes
from a predominance of the extended family in agrarian societies to a
dominance of the conjugal or nuclear family in industrialized,
urbanized societies....The paper finally points to the open end of the
theories of demographic transition and change of family forms. Just as
there will not be zero population growth at the end of demographic
transition but population decline, nuclearization will lead to a
diversification of family forms."
Correspondence: C. Hohn,
Bundesinstitut fur Bevolkerungsforschung, Postfach 55 28, 6200
Wiesbaden 1, Federal Republic of Germany. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10477 Kanjanapan,
Wilawan. Family interventions, life cycle, and
reproductive behavior of married couples in Thailand. Journal of
Population Studies, No. 11, Jun 1988. 79-102 pp. Taipei, Taiwan. In
Eng. with sum. in Chi.
"The present study attempts to identify
factors leading to the practice of family planning [in Thailand] and
the results this had on the size, structure, and functions of the
family." The author argues that a model using the family as the
reference unit for demographic analysis has advantages over
conventional measures, which are restricted to residential units of
individuals. An empirical test of the model using data from a 1982
survey in Thailand is presented.
Correspondence: W.
Kanjanapan, Institute of American Culture, Academia Sinica, Taipei,
Taiwan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10478 Keilman,
Nico; Klijzing, Erik. Living arrangements and opting for
children--future trends. [Leefvormen en kinderkeuze--toekomstige
ontwikkelingen.] Bevolking en Gezin, No. 1, Sep 1988. 19-34 pp.
Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
"This article
discusses the increasing pluriformity in living arrangements in the
Netherlands. The diversity of household types and living arrangements
will grow. At the same time individuals will live in a greater variety
of household types during their life course." The authors predict an
increase in consensual cohabitation and a weakened link between
marriage and childbearing.
Correspondence: N. Keilman,
Postbus 11650, 2502 AR The Hague, Netherlands. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10479 Kiefl,
Walter. The investigation of family formation processes.
Reflections on the productivity of standardized and nonstandardized
research. [Die Untersuchung von Familienbildungsprozessen.
Uberlegungen zur Ergiebigkeit standardisierter und unstandardisierter
Befragungen.] Materialien zur Bevolkerungswissenschaft: Sonderheft,
No. 16, 1988. 83 pp. Bundesinstitut fur Bevolkerungsforschung:
Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The author
critically examines current methodological assumptions used in the
social sciences, with a focus on the study of the family formation
process. Problems are found in the preference for numerical over
qualitative data, the pursuit of objectivity, and reliance on the
criteria of the natural sciences. An alternative approach based on
small-scale, in-depth interviews is suggested. The geographical focus
is worldwide, with data for the Federal Republic of Germany used as an
example.
Correspondence: BIB, Gustav-Stresemann-Ring 6,
6200 Wiesbaden 1, Postfach 5528, Federal Republic of Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10480 Malawi.
National Statistical Office (Zomba, Malawi). Malawi Family
Formation Survey, 1984. [1986]. ix, 95 pp. Zomba, Malawi. In Eng.
These are the results of a 1984 World Bank survey in Malawi
intended to provide data for a child-spacing program. The survey
methodology and sample population are first described. Subsequent
sections present the data collected on levels of fertility and
mortality, attitude toward family size, desire for more children,
factors related to the use of child-spacing methods, birth intervals,
breast-feeding and nutritional status of children, utilization of
maternal and child health services, and the availabitity of community
and household facilities.
Correspondence: National
Statistical Office, P.O. Box 333, Zomba, Malawi. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10481 Motta, Jose
F. The slave family and the introduction of the coffee
crop in Bananal, 1801-1829. [A familia escrava e a penetracao do
cafe em Bananal, 1801-1829.] Revista Brasileira de Estudos de
Populacao, Vol. 5, No. 1, Jan-Jun 1988. 71-101 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil.
In Por. with sum. in Eng.
"This work studies the importance of
family [relationships] among slaves in Bananal (Sao Paulo, Brazil) in
the early nineteenth century. Additionally, it examines the effects on
the slave family of the introduction and growth of [the] coffee
plantation occurring in that region....[It is concluded] that the slave
family in Bananal had a cyclical evolution, according to the genesis
and development of [the] coffee plantation. Manuscript censuses,
especially for the years 1801, 1817 and 1829, are the primary sources
on which the analysis is based."
Correspondence: J. F.
Motta, Instituto de Pesquisas Economicas da Universidade de Sao Paulo,
CP 7141, Cidade Universitaria Armando de Salles Oliveira, 05508 Sao
Paulo, SP, Brazil. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:10482 Oh,
Young-Hie. Impact analysis of husband-wife communication
about number of children. Journal of Population and Health
Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1, Jul 1988. 58-72 pp. Seoul, Korea, Republic of.
In Kor. with sum. in Eng.
Data drawn from the 1985 Korean National
Fertility and Family Health Survey are used to examine the relationship
between the extent of husband-wife communication and family planning
practices. The author finds that husband-wife communication,
especially before the first live birth, has a significant impact on
fertility.
Correspondence: Y.-H. Oh, Korea Institute for
Population and Health, San 42-14, Bulwang-dong, Eunpyung-ku, Seoul
122-040, Republic of Korea. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10483 Ojeda De la
Pena, Norma. Family life cycle and social classes in
Mexico. Pub. Order No. DA8806390. 1987. 314 pp. University
Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"The
research focuses on the timing and sequencing of family formation and
family expansion among the social classes in [Mexico using a
life-course perspective]. A conceptualization of this kind permits us
to include formation and legalization of consensual unions, premarital
fertility, divorce and separation which are sociodemographic events
ignored by conventional analysis of the family life cycle....[Findings
indicate that] every social class exhibits a peculiar time pattern in
both the formation and expansion stages of the life cycle of the
conjugal family....[and] that legalization of established consensual
unions is a step in the process of family formation for some couples
belonging to the various social classes. Also, premarital fertility is
an early step of famliy expansion of first conjugal families in the
different social classes."
This work was prepared as a doctoral
dissertation at the University of Texas at
Austin.
Correspondence: University Microfilms
International, 300 North Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities
and Social Sciences 49(2).
55:10484 Peron,
Yves; Lapierre-Adamcyk, Evelyne; Morissette, Denis. The
impact of new demographic behavior on family life: the Canadian
example. [Les repercussions des nouveaux comportements
demographiques sur la vie familiale: la situation canadienne.]
Collection de Tires a Part, No. 242, [1987]. [10] pp. Universite de
Montreal, Departement de Demographie: Montreal, Canada. In Fre.
The
impact of recent demographic changes on the family in Canada is
examined. Trends considered include the declines in fertility and the
popularity of marriage, and the increase in divorce.
This paper is
reprinted from Revue Internationale d'Action
Communautaire/International Review of Community Development, Vol. 18,
No. 58, Autumn 1987, pp. 57-66.
Correspondence: Departement
de Demographie, Universite de Montreal, Case Postale 6128, Succursale
A, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10485 Qiu,
Liping. A model study on changes and development of urban
family structure in China. Population Research, Vol. 5, No. 2, Jun
1988. 18-27 pp. Beijing, China. In Eng.
Trends in urban family
structure in China from the 1920s to 2040 are analyzed using a
mathematical model. Data are from a family survey conducted in
1982-1983 in five major cities.
Correspondence: L. Qiu,
Department of Sociology, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10486 Santi,
Lawrence. The demographic bases of recent change in the
structure of American households. CDE Working Paper, No. 88-2,
[1988]. 17, [10] pp. University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and
Ecology: Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"This paper examines recent
changes in the structure of [U.S.] households within the context of
broad population changes. Decreases in married-couple households and
increases in single-parent households are due almost entirely to
changing patterns of marriage, divorce, fertility and child custody;
headship rates for families have remained relatively stable. Increases
in single-person and other non-family households are due to increases
in the size of the unmarried, childless population and to the aging of
this population. Increasing propensities to live alone or with
non-relatives were observed between 1970 and 1980, but these behavioral
changes have abated during the early 1980s." Data are from the March
Current Population Surveys for the years 1970, 1975, 1980, and
1985.
Correspondence: Center for Demography and Ecology,
University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI
53706-1393. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10487 Schulz,
Reiner. Strategies for an improved compatibility of
household duties and economic activity. [Strategien fur eine
bessere Vereinbarkeit von Familien- und Erwerbsarbeit.] Zeitschrift fur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 14, No. 3, 1988. 251-74 pp. Wiesbaden,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
The
author examines the integration of household activities and
occupational responsibilities. Consideration is given to possible
changes in company operating time, flexible working hours, and the
availability of social welfare institutions to accommodate the needs of
working family members. Recommendations are provided based on examples
from several European countries.
Correspondence: R. Schulz,
Bundesinstitut fur Bevolkerungsforschung, Postfach 55 28, 6200
Wiesbaden 1, Federal Republic of Germany. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
55:10488 Suzuki,
Tohru. Measuring household complexity. Jinko Mondai
Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, No. 187, Jul 1988. 52-6 pp.
Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
Some issues concerning the measurement of
household complexity are discussed in general
terms.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10489 Thomson,
Elizabeth; Sanchez, Laura. Gender and the value of
children. CDE Working Paper, No. 88-29, Apr 1988. 13, [6] pp.
University of Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology: Madison,
Wisconsin. In Eng.
The authors "examine the effects of gender roles
on the economic and social benefits/costs of children to wives and to
husbands, as well as on couples' family size desires....Data [are] from
the International Value of Children Surveys, conducted during the
mid-1970's, for South Korea, Indonesia, the Philippines, Taiwan..., and
Turkey."
Correspondence: Center for Demography and Ecology,
University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI
53706-1393. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10490 Unalan,
Turgay. Nuclear families in Turkey. [Turkiye'de
cekirdek aileler.] Nufusbilim Dergisi/Turkish Journal of Population
Studies, Vol. 10, 1988. 51-62 pp. Ankara, Turkey. In Tur. with sum. in
Eng.
"This study examines the household or family types in Turkey
in 1983, especially nuclear families. Nuclear families constitute
61.6% of all households in Turkey, and [the] majority of them are in
the West and the Central regions. The highest percent of nuclear
families was found in the Mediterranean region, and the lowest in the
Black Sea region....It is concluded that nuclear families have
significant regional and residential differentiations and households
with the same formations in a developed and a less developed region
should have different social, economic, and cultural
characteristics."
Correspondence: T. Unalan, Institute of
Population Studies, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10491
Wojtkiewicz, Roger A. Household composition change
and economic welfare inequality: 1960 to 1980. CDE Working Paper,
No. 88-18, [1988]. 26, [12] pp. University of Wisconsin, Center for
Demography and Ecology: Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
This paper is
concerned with the relationship between household composition change
and economic welfare inequality between blacks and whites in the United
States during the 1970s and 1980s. Demographic factors studied are
marriage patterns including divorce rates, marriage age, remarriage,
and fertility patterns. Data are from the 1960, 1970, and 1980 U.S.
censuses.
This paper was presented at the 1988 Annual Meeting of the
Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 54, No.
3, Fall 1988, pp. 445-6).
Correspondence: Center for
Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory
Drive, Madison, WI 53706-1393. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
55:10492
Wojtkiewicz, Roger A.; McLanahan, Sara S.; Garfinkel,
Irwin. The growth of families headed by women: 1950 to
1980. CDE Working Paper, No. 88-31, [1988]. 32 pp. University of
Wisconsin, Center for Demography and Ecology: Madison, Wisconsin. In
Eng.
The authors use U.S. census data to analyze the impact of
several "major demographic components on the growth in female-headed
families from 1950 to 1980." Factors considered include "decrease in
fertility, increase in divorce, increased propensity for women with
children to establish independent households, decrease in remarriage,
and increase in nonmarital births." Differences in trends in the growth
of female-headed families between blacks and whites are
considered.
Correspondence: Center for Demography and
Ecology, University of Wisconsin, 1180 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI
53706-1393. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10493 Woortmann,
Ellen F. Keim and kinship: reflections on a cultural
concept of German-Brazilian settlers. [Keim e parentesco:
reflexos sobre uma categoria cultural de colonos teuto-brasileiros.]
Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao, Vol. 5, No. 1, Jan-Jun
1988. 21-35 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In Por. with sum. in Eng.
"In
this study the author analyses the cultural [concept] Keim, which can
be translated as 'germinative principle'. The [concept] classifies
people, through families, defining them as marriageable or
non-marriageable, according to [their] being carriers of a good or a
bad Keim. In the conceptions of the study group--peasants of German
origin in Rio Grande do Sul [Brazil]--Keim corresponds to the 'sap' of
the genealogical tree through which the families are organized in stem
households. The category is fundamental for the understanding of
marriage exchanges, that is, the possibilities of alliances as well as
the endogamy of the group. By the opposing principles, strong and weak
Keim, the peasants explain their present decadence as well as the
general decline in the number of children."
Correspondence:
E. F. Woortmann, Universidade de Brasilia, Agencia Postal 15, 70910
Brasilia, DF, Brazil. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:10494 Yamamoto,
Chizuko. The definition of private household: household
statistics of Japan. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population
Problems, No. 185, Jan 1988. 55-9 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
The
definitions of a household used in the official statistics of Japan are
described. Consideration is given to differences in the definitions of
private households used by the various statistical agencies
concerned.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
55:10495 Yotopoulos,
Pan A.; Kuroda, Yoshimi. A subjective equilibrium approach
to the value of children in the agricultural household. Pakistan
Development Review, Vol. 27, No. 3, Autumn 1988. 229-76 pp. Islamabad,
Pakistan. In Eng.
"[A] model of the subjective equilibrium of the
household [in the Philippines] is extended to include both production
and consumption behaviour and to account for the household's
demographic structure (age-sex composition, education, etc.). Child
labour is considered an endogenous variable on the production side. In
this manner the contributions (benefits) of child labour to the
agricultural household are directly measured. Moreover, we derive by
the duality theorem the profit and factor demand functions. We then
estimate explicitly the child labour demand function together with the
other variable factors of production, including the adult labour demand
function and the output supply function."
Correspondence:
P. A. Yotopoulos, Food Research Institute, Stanford University,
Stanford, CA 94305. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
55:10496 Zurayk,
Huda; Shorter, Frederic. The social composition of
households in Arab cities and settlements: Cairo, Beirut, Amman.
Population Council Regional Papers: West Asia and North Africa, Aug
1988. 88 pp. Population Council: Giza, Egypt. In Eng.
Using
information from censuses and surveys, the authors consider the
"households of two Arab cities, Cairo and Beirut, with additional
comparative references to the households of Palestinians living in five
small 'squatter' areas of Amman....The...paper is mainly empirical in
its contribution, offering a systematic description of the social
composition of households. It also suggests some of the reason why the
household compositions are as we find them. They are, to a great
extent, unique products of the Arab family culture...." Specific
topics covered include demographic factors affecting household size and
composition, socioeconomic factors, women's status, and marriage
patterns.
Correspondence: Population Council, P.O. Box 115,
Dokki, Giza, Egypt. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
