54:40582 Ales,
Milan. Comparison of demographic indicators of
Czechoslovakia and Austria. Demosta, Vol. 21, No. 1, 1988. 32-6
pp. Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Eng.
The results of a comparison of
official demographic indicators for Czechoslovakia and Austria are
presented. The main differences concern the fact that the Czechoslovak
population is younger and has higher fertility.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40583 Balaci, M.;
Ghenciu, G.; Arcan, V. M. Demographic aging in
Romania. Romanian Journal of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Vol. 9,
No. 2, 1988. 173-84 pp. Bucharest, Romania. In Eng.
Trends in
demographic aging in Romania during the period 1930-1986 are discussed.
Consideration is given to age and sex distribution, causes and
characteristics of demographic aging, and projections and implications
of the increase in the population over 60 years of age. Data are from
official sources.
Correspondence: M. Balaci, National
Institute of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Bucharest, Romania.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40584 Banister,
Judith. Implications of the aging of China's
population. CIR Staff Paper, No. 44, Aug 1988. 27, [14] pp. U.S.
Bureau of the Census, Center for International Research: Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
"This report traces changes in China's mortality,
fertility, and age structure up to the present, and discusses the
future aging of China's population that is very likely to follow from
these past trends. In addition, the author shows that if the one-child
fertility policy is very successful, a strikingly large proportion of
the population of China will be elderly by the middle of the next
century." The author describes how the Chinese leadership has become
aware of the implications of current antinatalist policies and the
policy options currently available to them. She concludes that "China's
government and people have time to plan for the aging of the population
and to learn from the successes and failures of other
countries."
Correspondence: Center for International
Research, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40585 Bartiaux,
Francoise. With whom do the elderly live and migrate? A
comparison between the United States, Australia and Italy.
Departement de Demographie Working Paper, No. 142, ISBN 2-87085-158-8.
Jun 1988. 18 pp. Universite Catholique de Louvain, Departement de
Demographie: Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; CIACO Editeur:
Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper
summarizes a number of results obtained regarding family aspects of
elderly migration in three different countries: the United States,
Australia and Italy. The paper begins with methodological
considerations and then summarizes the major findings. Particular
attention is given to the questions: with whom and to whom did the
elderly migrate and how is this migration related to their living
arrangements."
Correspondence: Universite Catholique de
Louvain, Departement de Demographie, 1 Place Montesquieu, Boite 17,
B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:40586 Fratczak,
Ewa; Guraj-Kaczmarek, Kazimiera; Zarzycka, Zofia; Bartczak, Stanislaw;
Czajkowski, Andrzej; Suchecka, Jadwiga. Selected aspects
and consequences of the process of demographic aging in Poland.
[Wybrane uwarunkowania i konsekwencje procesu starzenia sie ludnosci
Polski.] Monografie i Opracowania, No. 223, 1987. 232 pp. Szkola Glowna
Planowania i Statystyki, Instytut Statystyki i Demografii: Warsaw,
Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
Aspects of demographic aging
in Poland are examined. Part 1 describes the prospects for demographic
aging up to 2020. Part 2 discusses the methodology for the causal
analysis of the population aging process, and the relative impact of
changes in fertility and mortality on this process. Part 3 examines the
income of the elderly based on household budgets. The influence of age
on the differentiation of cost of living indexes is considered in Part
4. Part 5 attempts to estimate the impact of aging on health services
costs.
Correspondence: Instytut Statystyki i Demografii,
Szkola Glowna Planowania i Statystyki, Al. Niepodleglosci 162, Warsaw,
Poland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40587 Holzmann,
Robert. Ageing and social-security costs. European
Journal of Population/Revue Europeenne de Demographie, Vol. 3, No. 3-4,
Jul 1988. 411-37 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"In this paper we take the view that the strong emphasis given in
recent years to the demographic component in pension and health outlays
[in OECD countries] is justified but at the same time exaggerated. The
paper first shows that the demographic impact on past growth in
expenditures...was small and that it was everywhere far outstripped by
other factors. Moreover, linking projections of demographic trends up
to 2050 with three scenarios for growth rates in real benefits and real
earnings, shows that the effects of future ageing can be substantially
eased (or exacerbated) by other factors that are, in principle,
accessible to policy control. Consideration of several possible
strategies suggests that a combination of several is necessary to ease
the burden."
Correspondence: R. Holzmann, International
Monetary Fund, Fiscal Affairs Department, 700 19th Street NW,
Washington, D.C. 20431. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:40588 Lee, Ronald
D.; Arthur, W. Brian; Rodgers, Gerry. Economics of
changing age distributions in developed countries. ISBN
0-19-829503-0. LC 86-25098. 1988. ix, 221 pp. Clarendon Press: Oxford,
England. In Eng.
Most of this book's nine chapters, which are by
various authors, were originally prepared for a seminar on the economic
consequences of changing population composition in developed countries,
organized by an IUSSP committee and held in Laxenburg, Austria, in
December 1983. The focus of the book is on the impact that age
distribution irregularities have had on the United Kingdom, Israel,
Japan, and the United States, where unusually large generations
experience educational disadvantages, reduced wages, and increased
levels of unemployment. Also considered are the effects of fluctuations
in demographic aging on providing for the elderly, questions of
intergenerational equity, and the long-term implications of demographic
aging on the lifetime welfare of the populations of developed
countries. Other topics covered include the impact of changing
household living arrangements on the demand for housing and of changing
age distribution on consumption demand.
Location: New York
Public Library.
54:40589
Matthiessen, Poul C. The demographic perspective
and the pension issue. [De demografiske perspektiver i
pensionsdebatten.] Nationalokonomisk Tidsskrift, Vol. 126, No. 2, 1988.
124-31 pp. Copenhagen, Denmark. In Dan. with sum. in Eng.
"Based on
the official Danish population forecast, the article provides
information on the development of the Danish population by age from
1985 to 2025. It is demonstrated how the number of people in an
age-group is the final outcome of fertility and mortality (and
migration) trends in the past. In the remainder of this century the
dependency ratio will decrease due to a steady decline in the number of
children and young people. The number of elderly people will--by and
large--remain the same. In the next century a strong aging will take
place and the dependency ratio will increase very
substantially."
Correspondence: P. C. Matthiessen,
Statistisk Institut, Kobenhavns Universitet, Studiestraede 6, 1455
Copenhagen K, Denmark. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:40590 Nair,
Sadasivan P. Effect of declining fertility on population
aging in India: an application of Coale's analytical model.
Genus, Vol. 43, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1987. 175-82 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre; Ita.
"In this paper, an attempt is made to gauge
the effect of constantly declining fertility on population aging in
India through the application of an analytical model proposed by Ansley
Coale (1972), which employs stable population theory. We have assumed
a linearly constant decline of fertility in India to obtain NRR=1 by
the year 2001." The projected age distribution for the year 2001 shows
an increase since 1971 in proportions of males and females age 65 and
over, as well as an increase in the median age of both sexes. The
magnitude of these changes and their implications are
discussed.
Correspondence: S. P. Nair, Director, Population
Research Center, Dharwad, India. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:40591
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development [OECD]
(Paris, France). Ageing populations. The social policy
implications. Demographic Change and Public Policy, ISBN
92-64-13113-2. 1988. 90 pp. Paris, France. In Eng.
This is the
first in a planned series of volumes published by the Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) concerning the economic
and social consequences of demographic aging in OECD member countries.
"This detailed statistical analysis of demographic trends in the 24
OECD countries examines the implications for public expenditure on
education, health care, pensions and other social areas, and discusses
the policy choices facing governments." Data are from official
sources.
Correspondence: OECD, 2 Rue Andre-Pascal, 75775
Paris Cedex 16, France. Location: Princeton University
Library.
54:40592 Priest,
Gordon E. Living arrangements of Canada's "older elderly"
population. Canadian Social Trends, No. 10, Autumn 1988. 26-30 pp.
Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
The author examines the "major change
[that] has occurred in the living arrangements of Canada's 'older
elderly' population (aged 75 and over) since 1971. A higher proportion
of these people are living alone or in institutions, while the
percentage living with others, primarily family, has declined."
Consideration is also given to expenditures on housing costs and to the
sex distribution of the aged population.
Correspondence: G.
E. Priest, Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division, Statistics
Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
54:40593 Serow,
William J.; Sly, David F. Trends in the characteristics of
the oldest-old: 1940-2020. Journal of Aging Studies, Vol. 2, No.
2, Summer 1988. 145-56 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In
Eng.
"This article analyzes observed and projected changes in the
economic, social, and demographic characteristics of that segment of
the American population which is now growing at the fastest rate,
namely those persons aged 85 and over, the so-called oldest-old. In
addition to the rapid increase in numbers, this population will also be
quite different in the future in terms of variables such as marital
status, educational attainment, and probable levels of income.
Compared with both current and previous cohorts, the oldest-old of the
future will have greater levels of education and, in all probability,
greater access to pension income. This will be particularly the case
among the female segment of the oldest-old, who will continue to
comprise the majority of this population."
Correspondence:
W. J. Serow, Center for the Study of Population, Florida State
University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4063. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:40594 Sharma, M.
L.; Dak, T. M. Aging in India: challenge for the
society. ISBN 81-202-0187-6. LC 87-903445. 1987. xvi, 250 pp.
Ajanta Publications: Delhi, India. In Eng.
This book is the product
of a seminar on demographic aging in India, held on April 22-24, 1986,
in India. It contains 23 papers by various authors under three main
headings: aging in a changing society, socio-psychological
perspectives of aging, and health and medical aspects of aging. The
emphasis is on the demographic changes leading to a rapid increase in
the elderly population and the consequent impact on Indian society.
Particular attention is paid to the breakdown of traditional kinship
and family organizations, which leave the elderly helpless, isolated,
and economically dependent.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:40595 Soldo, Beth
J.; Agree, Emily M. America's elderly. Population
Bulletin, Vol. 43, No. 3, Sep 1988. 53 pp. Population Reference Bureau:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
Demographic aging in the United States and
its consequences are examined. The characteristics of the elderly
population are first described, and changes in mortality and morbidity
of the elderly are reviewed. Chapters are also included on the quality
of life of the elderly and government assistance provided for them. The
authors note that the process of demographic aging is accelerating, and
that one in four Americans will be 65 years or older by the year 2030,
compared to the current proportion of one in eight. The increase in the
numbers of the extreme aged is also noted. The authors address issues
concerning both the increased demand for federal funding to support the
elderly and those involving intergenerational
equity.
Correspondence: Population Reference Bureau, 777
14th Street NW, Suite 800, Washington, D.C. 20005. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40596 Townsend,
Nicholas; Hammel, E. A. Age estimation from the number of
teeth erupted. Program in Population Research Working Paper, No.
25, Feb 1988. 46 pp. University of California, Institute of
International Studies, Program in Population Research: Berkeley,
California. In Eng.
The authors evaluate the method of determining
a child's age through dental examination. "We argue that the state of
children's dentition provides a measure of their age that is
independent of informants' reports and of social and cultural
influences on estimates made by interviewers or other third parties.
We support this contention with summaries of previous research results,
that indicate that dental aging of children is relatively
straightforward to perform, produces unbiased results, and is more
accurate than alternative methods." Data are from official sources for
selected countries and geographical areas.
Correspondence:
Program in Population Research, Institute of International Studies,
University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40597 United
Nations. Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
[ESCAP] (Bangkok, Thailand). Population aging: review of
emerging issues. Report, proposed study design and selected background
papers from the Meeting on Emerging Issues of the Aging of Population,
22-26 September 1986, Bangkok. Asian Population Studies Series,
No. 80, Pub. Order No. ST/ESCAP/496. 1987. 95 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In
Eng.
This report concerns a meeting on demographic aging in Asia
and Oceania held in Bangkok in 1986. A review is first presented of
current issues related to demographic aging in the region and in
selected countries. The report includes a selection of papers prepared
for the meeting on the situation in Asia, Malaysia, the Republic of
Korea, Sri Lanka, and Japan, as well as the role of families and formal
and informal support systems.
Correspondence: ESCAP
Population Division, United Nations Building, Rajdamnern Avenue,
Bangkok 10200, Thailand. Location: U.N. Economic and Social
Commission for Asia and the Pacific Library, Bangkok, Thailand.
54:40598 Baker, Paul
T. Human population biology: a developing paradigm for
biological anthropology. International Social Science Journal,
Vol. 40, No. 1, May 1988. 255-63 pp. Paris, France. In Eng.
"This
article will concentrate on the reasons for change in the study of
living populations or what is often called human biology....It
appears...that the topic is developing into a transdisciplinary science
best called human population biology. The paradigm provided by this
transdisciplinary science is one that biological anthropologists have
not only helped to create but are also likely to follow in the next
decade. I therefore propose to explore first, why the study of
biological anthropology developed in this direction; second, how the
paradigm developed; and third, what the widening acceptance of this
approach implies for future research and educational needs. These
topics will be examined by focusing on the historical development of
theory, scientific methods, and training in biological
anthropology."
Correspondence: P. T. Baker, 47-50 Lulani
Street, Kaneohe, HI 96744. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:40599 Frisch,
Rose E. Body fat, menarche, fitness and fertility.
Human Reproduction, Vol. 2, No. 6, Aug 1987. 521-33 pp. Oxford,
England. In Eng.
The relationships among body fat, menarche,
fitness, and fertility are reviewed. Specifically, the author suggests
that these relationships are causal and that the high percentage of
body fat in the mature human female may directly influence
reproduction. "Evidence is presented that undernutrition and hard
physical work can affect the natural fertility of populations, by the
delay of menarche, a longer period of adolescent subfecundity, a longer
birth interval, and an earlier age of menopause." The effect of
fitness, low fat levels, and long-term reproductive health among women
is also considered. The data are primarily from published
sources.
Correspondence: R. E. Frisch, Harvard Center for
Population Studies, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.
54:40600 Adelman,
Irma; Sunding, David. Economic policy and income
distribution in China. Journal of Comparative Economics, Vol. 11,
No. 3, Sep 1987. 444-61 pp. San Diego, California. In Eng.
"Using
the Kakwani interpolation method to reconstruct rural and urban size
distributions, the authors present Lorenz curve estimates for Chinese
income distribution by period, 1952-1986. The level of inequality is
one of the lowest in the world. The change in inequality over time
conforms to the experience of other less-developed countries. Although
rural inequality increased after 1978, national inequality fell, due to
a reduction in the rural-urban income gap."
Correspondence:
I. Adelman, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
54:40601 Chiswick,
Barry R. Differences in education and earnings across
racial and ethnic groups: tastes, discrimination, and investments in
child quality. Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 103, No. 3,
Aug 1988. 571-97 pp. Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"Viewing the
United States as comprising many racial and ethnic groups, it is shown
that group differences in earnings, schooling, and rates of return from
schooling are striking and that the groups with higher levels of
schooling also have higher rates of return. These data are shown to be
consistent with a child quality investment model, but they are not
consistent with the hypotheses that the primary determinants of
schooling level are discrimination, minority group status, differences
in time preference (discount rates), or 'tastes' for schooling. Group
differences in fertility and female labor supply are examined as
partial determinants of investment in child quality. Policy
implications are discussed."
This paper was originally presented at
the 1987 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see
Population Index, Vol. 53, No. 3, Fall 1987, p.
443).
Correspondence: B. Chiswick, University of Illinois,
5801 S. Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPIA).
54:40602 Costa,
Leticia B. The question of occupation in vital
statistics. [A questao da ocupacao no registro civil.] Revista
Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao, Vol. 2, No. 2, Jul-Dec 1985. 59-69
pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In Por. with sum. in Eng.
"The author
discusses the results of an analysis of the information on occupation,
collected during the last few decades in connection with vital events
in the State of Sao Paulo (Brazil). The stages of collection,
clearing, coding and processing are considered, and the resulting
tables are investigated. The evidence suggests that no historical
series is available, as far as occupation is concerned." Suggestions
are made for improving data collection in this
area.
Correspondence: L. B. Costa, Grupo Especial de
Analise Demografica da Fundacao SEADE, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40603 Desrosiers,
Helene; Colin, Christine. Demographic picture of
pregnancies among the disadvantaged. [Portrait demographique des
grossesses en milieu defavorise.] Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie,
Vol. 17, No. 1, Spring 1988. 91-111 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with
sum. in Eng; Spa.
"Special tabulations, based in particular on the
data obtained from the Canadian fertility survey of 1984, have made
possible an analysis of the extent of poverty among Canadian pregnant
women, and of the demographic profile of low income pregnant women.
Results are presented according to three dimensions: educational
level, marital status and fertility."
Correspondence: H.
Desrosiers, INRS-Urbanisation, Universite du Quebec, 3465 Rue Durocher,
Montreal, Quebec H2X 2C6, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:40604 Ermisch,
John. Fortunes of birth: the impact of generation size on
the relative earnings of young men. Scottish Journal of Political
Economy, Vol. 35, No. 3, Aug 1988. 266-82 pp. Harlow, England. In Eng.
"This paper estimates the impact of generation size [in the United
Kingdom] on a young person's earnings relative to those of older
workers. While it proves difficult to identify precisely the factors
producing an upward trend in young men's relative earnings, there is
strong evidence that young men from larger generations earn less.
Thus, variation in the relative number of new labour force entrants has
produced fluctuations in young men's relative earnings around an upward
trend." Data are from official sources.
Correspondence: J.
Ermisch, National Institute of Economic and Social Research, 2 Dean
Trench Street, Smith Square, London SW2P 3HE, England.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
54:40605 Hirsl,
Miroslav. Influence of employment changes on incomes and
expenditures of Czechoslovak households. [Vliv zmen v
zamestnanosti na prijmy a vydani domacnosti.] Demografie, Vol. 30, No.
2, 1988. 119-26 pp. Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Cze. with sum. in Eng;
Rus.
The author notes that employment of both spouses is almost
universal in Czechoslovakia and that one income alone is insufficient
to provide for the basic needs of a household. However, current
economic reforms and changes in production will reduce the demand for
labor and lead to a decline in the rate of employment. The
consequences for economic and social policy are
considered.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40606 Keil,
Thomas J.; Usui, Wayne M. The family wage system in
Pennsylvania's anthracite region: 1850-1900. Social Forces, Vol.
67, No. 1, Sep 1988. 185-207 pp. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
"Using data from the U.S. Census manuscript collections from 1850,
1860, 1870, 1880, and 1900, this study examines the prevalence of the
family wage economy among different categories of occupations and
across ethnic groups. Two aspects of family wage economies are
examined: the use of child labor and the use of the labor of young
adults and/or adolescents. We find that there are marked differences in
the levels of use of both types of labor across occupational and ethnic
categories and over time. In general, our data show that it was those
workers who were most economically distressed who turned to the family
wage system as a way of adapting to the emerging industrial
economy."
Correspondence: T. J. Keil, Department of
Sociology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40607 Ketkar,
Kusum W.; Ketkar, Suhas L. Population dynamics and
consumer demand. Applied Economics, Vol. 19, No. 11, Nov 1987.
1,483-95 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The authors analyze the
effects on consumption in the United States of 11 demographic
variables, including "regional location and the urban/rural base of the
household, its age, size, race, sex and marital characteristics, and
the education and the employment status of the household head and the
spouse." Data are from the 1972-1973 Consumer Expenditure Survey. The
expenditure functions are first specified, followed by descriptions of
the data sources and the empirical estimates of expenditure functions
for various items of consumption spending.
Correspondence:
K. W. Ketkar, Department of Economics, Seton Hall University, South
Orange, NJ 07079. Location: Princeton University Library
(FST).
54:40608 Lindsay,
Colin; Donald, Shelley. Income of Canada's seniors.
Canadian Social Trends, No. 10, Autumn 1988. 20-5 pp. Ottawa, Canada.
In Eng.
The economic status of Canada's elderly population is
examined. Consideration is given to real income of the elderly by sex
and age group, public pensions and old age security benefits, and
sources of private income by sex. Data are from official and other
published sources.
Correspondence: C. Lindsay, Canadian
Social Trends, 11th Floor, Jean Talon Building, Ottawa, Ontario K1A
0T6, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
54:40609 Nam,
Charles B.; Terrie, E. Walter. 1980-based Nam-Powers
occupational status scores. Center for the Study of Population
Working Paper, No. 88-48, 1988. 6, [15] pp. Florida State University,
College of Social Sciences, Center for the Study of Population:
Tallahassee, Florida. In Eng.
"Among the several indexes of
occupational status found in the research literature, the Nam-Powers
index has been available for several decades. It was first developed
in the late 1950's and [was] based on 1950 [U.S.] Census data.
Subsequent revisions were made based on the 1960 and 1970 censuses.
This paper presents the scores for occupations based on the 1980
Census. It describes the procedures used in calculating the scores and
how these have changed with each revision. Moreover, it informs users
how to employ the scores in their own
studies."
Correspondence: Center for the Study of
Population, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4063.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40610 O'Hare,
William P. The rise of poverty in rural America.
Population Trends and Public Policy, No. 15, Jul 1988. 16 pp.
Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
In this
report, the author documents the growing levels of economic distress
being experienced by the rural population of the United States. The
factors associated with this trend are analyzed, including population
loss and rural unemployment following the deterioration of the rural
economy. Comparisons are made with trends in urban areas. The author
notes that by 1986, "one out of every four children in rural America
was living in poverty, unemployment in rural areas was 26 percent
higher than in urban areas, and the escalating population movement out
of small towns and the surrounding hinterlands which make up rural
America was being led by the better educated." The need for the federal
government to take a larger role in developing economic policies to
halt the decline in rural areas is
stressed.
Correspondence: Population Reference Bureau, 777
14th Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20005. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:40611 Sathar,
Zeba A.; Kazi, Shahnaz. Variations in demographic
behaviour by levels of living in Pakistan. Genus, Vol. 43, No.
3-4, Jul-Dec 1987. 113-36 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng. with sum. in Fre;
Ita.
The relationships among various demographic factors and
standard of living in Pakistan are examined using data for 10,000
households collected in the 1979 Population, Labour Force and Migration
Survey. Attention is given to the association between standard of
living and household size, average number of children under age 15,
school attendance rates and labor force participation rates of young
males, infant mortality, and migration
patterns.
Correspondence: Z. A. Sathar, Senior Research
Demographer, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, Islamabad,
Pakistan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40612 Wilson,
Julie B. Women and poverty: a demographic overview.
Women and Health, Vol. 12, No. 3-4, 1987. 21-40 pp. New York, New York.
In Eng.
"In the current debate about causes and cures for poverty
[in the United States], much attention is given to women. Women are
more likely than men to be poor, and once impoverished, to remain poor
for longer periods of time than do men. In addition, a much greater
responsibility for raising the next generation of adults belongs to
poor women than to poor men. No individual policy response will
alleviate poverty among women. Rather, a multi-faceted policy response
that recognizes the wide diversity of their situations is necessary.
This paper describes the diversity among poor women and suggests a
series of appropriate policies."
Correspondence: J. B.
Wilson, Office of Program Planning Analysis and Development, New York
State Department of Social Services, 40 North Pearl Street, Albany, NY
12243. Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda,
MD.
54:40613 Bruno,
Rosalind R. School enrollment--social and economic
characteristics of students: October 1986. Current Population
Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 429, Aug 1988.
v, 103 pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report presents detailed tabulations of data on [U.S.] school
enrollment in October 1986 and summary time series of data collected
since the inception of the survey. The data are from the October
school enrollment supplement to the Current Population Survey
(CPS)."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40614 Gill, Mehar
S. Religious composition of Punjab's urban population,
1981. Population Geography, Vol. 8, No. 1-2, Jun-Dec 1986. 38-49
pp. Chandigarh, India. In Eng.
The author analyzes the religious
composition of the urban population in Punjab, India, for the period
1971-1981. Aspects considered include the relationship between
religious composition and size-class of urban centers, changes in the
size of urban religious populations, and the different spatial patterns
of various religious communities.
Correspondence: M. S.
Gill, Department of Geography, Punjabi University, Patiala 147 002,
Punjab, India. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40615 Harcsa,
Istvan. Migration, mobility, and income: based on a study
of social mobility and income undertaken in 1983. [Vandorlas,
mobilitas, keresetalakulas: az 1983 evi tarsadalmi mobilitas es
jovedelmi vizsgalat alapjan.] Tarsadalom Statisztikai Kozlemenyek, ISBN
963-340-812-1. LC 87-409641. 1987. 86 pp. Kozponti Statisztikai
Hivatal: Budapest, Hungary. In Hun.
The author studies the
relationship between migration and social mobility, the social statuses
these concern, and the financial aspects of such changes. Special
attention is given to rural-urban movements and to the role of
in-migrants.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
54:40616 Kominski,
Robert. Educational attainment in the United States:
March 1987 and 1986. Current Population Reports, Series P-20:
Population Characteristics, No. 428, Aug 1988. iv, 88 pp. U.S. Bureau
of the Census: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report contains data
from the Current Population Surveys (CPS) conducted by the [U.S.]
Bureau of the Census in March 1986 and 1987....The detailed tables
present data on years of school completed by persons 15 years old and
over by age, sex, race, Hispanic origin, type of residence, region of
residence, occupation, marital status, and education of spouse. Also,
summary data are presented for the 15 largest States and metropolitan
areas."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40617 Sharma, O.
P.; Retherford, Robert D. Recent literacy trends in
India. Occasional Paper, No. 1, 1987. v, 107 pp. Office of the
Registrar General: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
The authors analyze
recent literacy trends in India and its states and union territories,
using data from the 1961, 1971, and 1981 censuses. "The section on
states and union territories includes an examination of sex
differentials and urban-rural differentials in literacy rates. Age
differentials in literacy rates are also examined. Then follows an
analysis of the quality of literacy in terms of its changing
composition by educational attainment. Next the developmental
correlates of literacy are considered in an analysis of how female
literacy and several development indices covary across 14 major states.
The final section presents some rough projections of literacy rates
for states and union territories...."
Correspondence: O. P.
Sharma, Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner,
Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, 2/A Mansingh Road, New
Delhi 110 011, India. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:40618 Singh,
Mehar. Christianity in India: a temporal-spatial
view. Population Geography, Vol. 8, No. 1-2, Jun-Dec 1986. 82-98
pp. Chandigarh, India. In Eng.
The author "attempts to analyse the
spatial diffusion of Christianity in India from the earliest times to
the present." Consideration is given to the history of Christianity,
its diffusion throughout the country, the response of different social
groups to Christianity, and the impact of British colonial rule on the
growth of the religion. It is concluded that the "distribution of
Christians in the country is highly uneven and is associated with the
vast historic, socio-economic and political diversity of various parts
of the country." Data are from official and other published
sources.
Correspondence: M. Singh, Department of Geography,
Panjab University, Chandigarh 160 014, India. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40619 White,
Michael J. American neighborhoods and residential
differentiation. The Population of the United States in the 1980s:
A Census Monograph Series, ISBN 0-87154-922-0. LC 86-42951. 1987. xx,
327 pp. Russell Sage Foundation: New York, New York. In Eng.
This
study, undertaken for the National Committee for Research on the 1980
Census, is one of a series presenting analyses of the results of the
1980 U.S. census. This volume is concerned with neighborhoods and
patterns of residential differentiation. It examines data for
neighborhoods of 21 metropolitan areas representing the spectrum of
settlement in the United States as a whole, and compares these data
with those taken from earlier censuses. The author traces patterns
over time and shows "how racial segregation has declined modestly while
socioeconomic segregation remains constant, and how population
diffusion gradually affects neighborhood composition. His assessment
of our urban settlement system also illuminates the social forces that
shape contemporary city life and the troubling policy issues that
plague it."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40620 Zeroulou,
Zaihia. Migrants' childrens' academic achievement: the
contributions of a mobilization approach. [La reussite scolaire
des enfants d'immigres: l'apport d'une approche en termes de
mobilisation.] Revue Francaise de Sociologie, Vol. 29, No. 3, Jul-Sep
1988. 447-70, 556 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The
academic success of migrants' children in France is explored, with an
emphasis on the family characteristics that may determine such an
outcome. "How can the surprising academic achievement of a minority of
migrants' children who gain admission to university be explained?
According to our hypothesis, such an explanation should be found in the
families' migration trajectories. Taking them into account allows one
to correct the well-known deficient indicator of social origin:
father's occupation when in France. Families' strategies and
mobilization toward an educational project, part and parcel of their
migration project, can thus be explained. This hypothesis has been
tested through the interviewing of two [predominantly Algerian] groups
of migrants' children of the Lille region, one having experienced
school failure, the second having gained admittance to
university."
Correspondence: Z. Zeroulou, Ominor-Labores,
CNRS, 1 Rue Norbert Segard, Lille 59000, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
54:40621
Acosta-Belen, Edna; Sjostrom, Barbara R. The
Hispanic experience in the United States: contemporary issues and
perspectives. ISBN 0-275-92740-1. LC 87-37690. 1988. xi, 261 pp.
Praeger: New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
This is a
collection of papers presented at a conference on the Hispanic
community in the United States, held in Albany, New York, in 1985. The
book "deals with the history and development of the diverse Hispanic
communities, and the cultural, social, and economic implications of
Hispanic immigration and population growth. Hispanic contributions to
a redefinition of ethnicity in the United States and group efforts to
maintain a distinctive cultural identity are also a major focus, as are
problems such as racism and discrimination. A final objective of this
book is to gather the most recent data on U.S. Hispanics and provide
readers not only with current information on demographic and
socioeconomic indicators, but also to interpret this information and
analyze its implications for the present and future of the
community."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40622 Broman,
Clifford L.; Neighbors, Harold W.; Jackson, James S.
Racial group identification among black adults. Social Forces,
Vol. 67, No. 1, Sep 1988. 146-58 pp. Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In
Eng.
"The relation between sociodemographic factors and racial
group identification [in the United States] is explored in this
paper....The findings of this research indicate that racial group
identification is strongest among older blacks and the least-educated
blacks who live in urban areas. Additionally, significant interactions
between education and region are found; highly educated blacks living
outside the West have strong levels of racial group identification.
Income and sex are not found to be related to racial group
identification."
Correspondence: C. L. Broman, Department
of Sociology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1111.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40623 Carvalho,
Carlos A. da C. A demographic and socioeconomic profile of
Portuguese residents in France. [Perfil demografico e
socio-economico dos Portugueses residentes em Franca.] Revista do
Centro de Estudos Demograficos, No. 28, 1986. 37-68 pp. Lisbon,
Portugal. In Por.
Demographic characteristics of those of
Portuguese nationality living in France are analyzed. Data are from a
variety of official French and Portuguese sources. Consideration is
also given to the entire foreign resident population of
France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40624 Chauveau,
Jean-Pierre. The Baule share. Total population and ethnic
domination: a historical perspective. [La part baule. Effectif
de population et domination ethnique: une perspective historique.]
Cahiers d'Etudes Africaines, Vol. 27, Pt. 1-2, No. 105-106, 1987.
123-65, 226-7 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The use
of demographic data to examine the importance of ethnic data in African
demographic history is considered using data on the Baule in the Ivory
Coast. The importance of developing a new criterion for studying the
development of ethnic groups apart from the traditional tribal approach
is stressed.
Correspondence: J.-P. Chauveau, Departement
Conditions d'un Developpement Independant, Office de la Recherche
Scientifique et Technique Outre-Mer, Paris, France. Location:
New York Public Library.
54:40625 Galster,
George. Residential segregation in American cities: a
contrary review. Population Research and Policy Review, Vol. 7,
No. 2, 1988. 93-121 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
W. A. V.
Clark "has reviewed evidence on the causes of racial residential
segregation in [U.S.] cities and has concluded that economic factors,
job locations, preferences, and information bear the predominant
explanatory weight; private acts of housing discrimination carry little
weight. This article argues that Clark's conclusions are erroneous
because they are based on a selective and incorrect interpretation of
the evidence available to him and because more recent studies provide
strong evidence to the contrary." A reply by Clark is included (pp.
113-21).
For the article by Clark, published in 1986, see 53:10075.
Correspondence: G. Galster, Department of Economics,
College of Wooster, Wooster, OH 44691. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:40626 Hammel, E.
A. A glimpse into the demography of the Ainu. Program
in Population Research Working Paper, No. 23, Mar 1987. 48 pp.
University of California, Institute of International Studies, Program
in Population Research: Berkeley, California. In Eng.
The author
examines the history of the demography and ecology of the Ainu of
northern Japan, using official census data from the nineteenth century.
Consideration is given to household structure, family characteristics,
social relations, and the effects of regional ecology and political and
economic pressures on the population's social organization and eventual
decline.
Correspondence: Program in Population Research,
Institute of International Studies, University of California, Berkeley,
CA 94720. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40627 Ibounig,
Peter. The Carinthian Slovenes in light of the 1981
census. [Die Karntner Slowenen im Spiegel der Volkszahlung 1981.]
Karnten-Dokumentation, Vol. 2, 1986. 122 pp. Amt der Karntner
Landesregurung: Klagenfurt, Austria. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre;
Slo; Ita.
The size and distribution of the Slovene population
living in the province of Carinthia, Austria, are analyzed using data
from the 1981 census. The focus is on the impact of legislation
designed to protect the economic and educational welfare of ethnic
minorities. A continuing decline in the size of the Slovene-speaking
population throughout the 1970s is noted.
Location: New
York Public Library.
54:40628 Laponce,
Jean A. Advice to the Prince who would want to ensure the
survival of the French language in North America. [Conseil au
prince qui voudrait assurer la survie du francais en Amerique du Nord.]
Cahiers Quebecois de Demographie, Vol. 17, No. 1, Spring 1988. 35-48
pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"After a brief
analysis of natality, linguistic mobility, endogamy and interprovincial
migration, the author takes into account the impact of the main
demographic trends in the world on the future of the French language in
North America. He concludes that, in order to ensure this future, one
should look to the Swiss example, that is, one should promote the
concentration of the minority population, give to this population the
right to control its territorial borders, and take as main objective
the protection of the language rather than the survival of the ethnic
group."
Correspondence: J. A. Laponce, Department of
Political Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British
Columbia V6T 1W5, Canada. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:40629 Lieberson,
Stanley; Waters, Mary C. From many strands: ethnic and
racial groups in contemporary America. The Population of the
United States in the 1980s: A Census Monograph Series, ISBN
0-87154-543-8. LC 88-9651. 1988. xiv, 289 pp. Russell Sage Foundation:
New York, New York. In Eng.
This study, undertaken for the National
Committee for Research on the 1980 Census, is one in a series providing
analyses of the results of the 1980 U.S. census. The present volume
examines the data on ethnicity, which in 1980 were collected for all
respondents for the first time. The authors examine not only the 16
principal European ethnic groups but also the major non-European groups
such as blacks, Asians, Native Americans, and Hispanics. Comparisons
are made across a range of dimensions, including regional and spatial
distribution, cultural background, economic attainment, intermarriage,
and education. Consideration is given to levels of assimilation and
maintenance of ethnic diversity. The growth of the population
reporting no ethnic background and the significance of this trend are
also discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:40630
Martiniello, Marco. Toward the formation of new
ethnic groups in Western Europe? [Vers la formation de nouveaux
groupes ethniques en Europe Occidentale?] Studi Emigrazione/Etudes
Migrations, Vol. 25, No. 90, Jun 1988. 202-12 pp. Rome, Italy. In Fre.
with sum. in Eng.
The possibility is explored of immigrant groups
in Europe developing an ethnic identity and the accompanying political
influence, similar to those of ethnic groups in the United States. The
author concludes that while such a development is at this time highly
improbable, it may occur in the future.
Correspondence: M.
Martiniello, European University Institute, Via dei Roccettini 5, 50016
San Domenico di Fiesole, Florence, Italy. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:40631
Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (New York, New
York). Hispanic Americans: an emerging group.
Statistical Bulletin, Vol. 69, No. 4, Oct-Dec 1988. 2-12 pp. New York,
New York. In Eng.
The author discusses the growth of the Hispanic
population in the United States based on the Bureau of the Census's
current statistics and projections. In the first part of the article,
growth patterns, Hispanic ethnic groups, and geographic distributions
of Hispanics are described. In the second part, a profile of
demographic characteristics is provided, with a focus on age
distribution, educational status, and
occupations.
Correspondence: Metropolitan Life Insurance
Company, One Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40632 Shaw,
Chris. Components of growth in the ethnic minority
population. Population Trends, No. 52, Summer 1988. 26-30 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
"According to the most recent results from
the Labour Force Survey..., the ethnic minority population is estimated
to have been 2.43 million (4.5 per cent of the total population of
Great Britain) averaged over the period 1984-6. Comparisons with
earlier years suggested that the population was currently increasing by
between 80 and 90 thousand a year. The present article provides
estimates of the components of population growth for broad subgroups of
the ethnic minority population using relevant data from birth and death
registrations, the international Passenger Survey and the Labour Force
Survey. It...concludes that two thirds of the current population
increase is due to natural growth and one third to net
migration."
Correspondence: C. Shaw, Population Statistics
Division, OPCS, St. Catherines House, 10 Kingsway, London WC2B 6JP,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40633 Sokolova,
Gabriela. The development of nationalities in
Czechoslovakia. [Soudobe tendence vyvoje narodnosti v CSSR.] 1987.
216 pp. Academia Praha: Prague, Czechoslovakia; Ceskoslovenska Akademie
Ved: Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Cze. with sum. in Ger; Rus.
The
development of the various national groups making up the population of
Czechoslovakia is examined using data from official sources. The
emphasis is on political and social developments since
1948.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40634 Termote,
Marc; Gauvreau, Danielle. The demo-linguistic situation in
Quebec. [La situation demolinguistique du Quebec.] Dossiers du
Conseil de la Langue Francaise, No. 30, ISBN 2-551-08254-4. 1988. xxi,
292 pp. Conseil de la Langue Francaise: Quebec City, Canada. In Fre.
Recent trends in the demography of the French language in the
province of Quebec, Canada, are reviewed. Trends in mother tongue and
language fluency are first analyzed for the period 1976-1981. Regional
differences during the longer time period 1951-1981 are then
considered. Other topics discussed include the natural increase of
various language groups, linguistic mobility, and
migration.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:40635 United
States. Bureau of the Census (Washington, D.C.). The
Hispanic population in the United States: March 1988 (advance
report). Current Population Reports, Series P-20: Population
Characteristics, No. 431, Aug 1988. iii, 19 pp. Washington, D.C. In
Eng.
"This report presents advance data on selected demographic,
social, and economic characteristics of the Hispanic population of the
United States." Data are from the March 1988 supplement to the Current
Population Survey.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
