H. Migration

H.1. General Migration

54:30433 Gabriel, Stuart A.; Levy, Daniel. Expectations, information, and migration: the case of the West Bank and Gaza. Applied Economics, Vol. 20, No. 1, 1988. 1-13 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"This study evaluates the determinants of Palestinian migration from the West Bank and Gaza. Data are employed for the post-1967 period of Israeli rule to specify and test competing models as well as the strucure of expectations in the migration decision. Results of the analysis support a simple static expectation formulation, as is consistent with much of the short-term, low mobility cost migration between the West Bank and Jordan. Findings further point to the importance of various Israeli-Palestinian economic and political economic interactions in the determination of this controversial movement of population, including those associated with employment opportunity for Palestinian labour in Israel, elements of Israeli West Bank settlement policy and changes in local standard of living. Various policy implications of the research are indicated."
Correspondence: S. A. Gabriel, Division of Research and Statistics, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington, D.C. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30434 Giguere, Alain. The capitalist development of regions and labor force mobility in Quebec, from 1966 to 1976. [Le developpement capitaliste des regions et la mobilite de la force de travail au Quebec, de 1966 a 1976.] Sociologie et Societes, Vol. 19, No. 1, Apr 1987. 117-31 pp. Montreal, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
"In this paper the author presents a study of the spatial mobility of the Quebec population between 1966 and 1976, in the light of regional capitalist development. Based on an empirical operationalization of the concepts of mobility and development, the author demonstrates that Quebec presents a very irregular distribution of its poles of development over its territory, and that the mobility of the work force is in the image of this distribution. A few regions within the Montreal metropolitan area have attained a relatively evolved state of capitalist development and consequently are able to attract within their limits a large majority of migrants moving inside of or toward Quebec. In contrast, it can be observed that the majority of the regions in Quebec may be qualified as 'underdeveloped', and that their net mobility figures are negative."
Correspondence: A. Giguere, Centre de Recherche sur l'Opinion Publique, 1801 Ave McGill College, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2N4, Canada. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

54:30435 Hugo, Graeme. Using census data to study elderly migration: problems and possibilities. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,370-94 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article elucidates some of the problems using census data to identify movers among the elderly population [in developed countries], in analyzing the characteristics of movers and the causes of migration. Some suggestions and recommendations are made regarding how to deal with these problems in existing data sets and how they can be obviated in the future by making relatively small changes in census practices and conventions." Data are from official and other published sources for selected developed countries.
Correspondence: G. Hugo, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30436 Mazurkiewicz, Ludwik. Theoretical foundations of spatial interaction models. [Teoretyczne podstawy modeli przestrzennego oddzialywania.] Prace Habilitacyjne, ISBN 83-04-02492-6. LC 87-116537. 1986. 137 pp. Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Geografii i Przestrzennego Zagospodarowania: Wroclaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng.
This study is concerned with theoretical aspects of the movement of individuals among various parts of a given territory. The author distinguishes between two types of migration, the one-time move between two distinct areas and the multiple move involving a sequence of trips linking different areas. The author presents a methodological reconstruction of contemporary approaches to spatial interaction models and attempts to construct an alternative approach to models of this type.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

54:30437 Meyer, Judith W. County characteristics and elderly net migration rates. A three-decade regional analysis. Research on Aging, Vol. 9, No. 3, Sep 1987. 441-56 pp. Beverly Hills, California. In Eng.
"A model comprising county characteristics measuring amenities, urbanization, service characteristics, and sociodemographic characteristics explains substantial proportions of the variation in net migration rates for the young and old elderly for three different decades in New England. Over time (1940-1980), both the net migration rate patterns of the two age groups and the county characteristics that make significant contributions to explanation of the two groups' rates become more similar. The model is least successful for the 1950-1960 decade, suggesting support for the turnaround thesis. However, at the regional scale of analysis, both amenity and urbanization characteristics associated with high rates of net migration do not substantiate a turnaround in migration behavior."
Correspondence: J. W. Meyer, Department of Geography, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

54:30438 Population Association of America [PAA]. Committee on Population Statistics. Subcommittee on Migration Statistics (Alexandria, Virginia). Migration statistics in the United States. Rev ed. Jun 1988. iii, 60 pp. University of North Carolina, Carolina Population Center: Chapel Hill, North Carolina. In Eng.
This is the report of a subcommittee appointed by the PAA Committee on Population Statistics to "(1) provide an inventory of current sources of migration data in the United States; (2) discuss their uses and limitations for the analysis of geographic mobility; and (3) make recommendations for improvement in gathering, tabulating, and disseminating U.S. migration data." The report is divided into four substantive sections, concerning individual-level analysis of reasons for moving; short-distance moves, including residential and intrametropolitan mobility; internal migration; and international migration. Separate recommendations are discussed for each of the four categories.
Correspondence: Population Reference Bureau, 777 14th Street NW, Suite 800, Washington, D.C. 20005. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30439 Rogers, Andrei. Age patterns of elderly migration: an international comparison. Demography, Vol. 25, No. 3, Aug 1988. 355-70 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"Age-specific rates of migration exhibit remarkably persistent regularities in age profile. These regularities seem to hold all over the world and across time. This article identifies some of the principal antecedents of such regularities, focusing especially on the age patterns of migration exhibited by the elderly. It examines the differentials introduced by gender, distance, and marital status."
Correspondence: A. Rogers, Population Program, Institute of Behavioral Science, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0484. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30440 Root, Brenda D. A family migration model: development and empirical application in the Philippines. Pub. Order No. DA8728072. 1987. 203 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"A family model of migration is developed and empirically tested, using longitudinal data for respondents living in the Ilocos Norte Province of the Philippines. Based on the framework of a family migration system, model dimensions include linkage to the migration system, family household structure, socio-economic resources, family pressure to migrate, family/kin ties to place of origin, and prior mobility experience of family members....It is concluded that the framework used and the model developed, with its distinction between types of family migrating behavior, helps explain how migration becomes an institutionalized reality of family life in many developing countries. The family model is applied to subsets of family households to examine relevant measurement, data collection and decision-making issues in migration research. The findings show that family informant measures are most adequate when the model is applied to general types of family migration. If the family relational structure of the potential migrant is specified, such as the husband or wife migrating, then family relational specific measures are recommended."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at Pennsylvania State University.
Correspondence: University Microfilms International, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 48(10).

54:30441 Rossi, Fiorenzo; Clerici, Renata. Spatial mobility data from the population census: a comparison with other sources. [La mobilita territoriale rilevata dal censimento della popolazione: confronto con altre fonti.] Studi Emigrazione/Etudes Migrations, Vol. 25, No. 89, Mar 1988. 98-126 pp. Rome, Italy. In Ita. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
The value of the census as a source of data on migration in Italy is examined. Comparisons are made with migration data from other sources, including the population register. The focus is on the period 1976-1981, with particular reference to the Veneto region.
Correspondence: F. Rossi, Universita degli Studi, Via 8 Febbraio 9, 35100 Padua, Italy. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30442 Roy, Nirod C. On determinants of migration in West Bengal. IIPS Newsletter, Vol. 28, No. 4, Oct 1987. 5-18 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
"In this paper an attempt is made to treat the causative process generating migratory flows into West Bengal [India]. Some popular hypotheses have been tested and their inadequacies in [the] case of migration into West Bengal, have been shown. Then, a variable incorporating the expected longrun socio-economic condition of West Bengal vis-a-vis the states/countries belonging to the migration universe of West Bengal [is] constructed and this expectational variable appears to have more explanatory power than the observed income differential. Barring the political factor which played the central role in case of immigration from Bangladesh, the determinants can be ranked in order of importance as linguistic distance, expected socio-economic condition and physical distance."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30443 Skeldon, Ronald. Migration and the population census in Asia and the Pacific: issues, questions and debate. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,074-100 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
The author examines "the main issues to be resolved when designing questions and strategies to collect migration-related data....The strengths and weaknesses of the various approaches are assessed in the light of the data collected by countries in the Asia-Pacific region during the 1980 round of censuses. In the context of the developing countries of the region it is argued here that higher quality and more useful migration data can be captured through questions on last place of previous residence and duration of residence in de facto-based censuses." The necessity of resolving these issues before the 1990 round of censuses is stressed.
Correspondence: R. Skeldon, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30444 United States. Bureau of the Census (Washington, D.C.). Geographical mobility: March 1985 to March 1986. Current Population Reports, Series P-20: Population Characteristics, No. 425, Jun 1988. iv, 110 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This report presents data on the geographical mobility of the U.S. population using data from the March 1986 Current Population Survey. The data include mobility by sex, race, Hispanic origin, type of residence, and age; metropolitan mobility of families and households; mobility between rural and urban areas; and interregional mobility.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30445 Yorimitsu, Masatoshi. A review on the determinants of migration. Hitotsubashi Journal of Social Studies, Vol. 17, No. 1, Apr 1985. 17-27 pp. Kunitachi, Japan. In Eng.
"The objective of this paper is to review the literature on the determinants of migration with special attention to the development of analytical frameworks." Consideration is given to both macroeconomic and microeconomic analyses, and particularly to the use of models in the study of migration. The geographical scope is worldwide.
Correspondence: M. Yorimitsu, Professor of Population Problems, Hitotsubashi Academy, 2-1 Naka, Kunitachi, Tokyo 186, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

54:30446 Zaba, Basia. The indirect estimation of migration: a critical review. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,395-45 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This paper seeks to summarize the methodology used in indirect estimation techniques for measuring migration, and to examine some recent theoretical developments. In particular, an assessment is presented of possible biases in the estimates of migration obtained by indirect methods....Two approaches were [examined]: one, based on obtaining information from mothers on the place of residence of their children...the other, which requires all respondents to furnish information about the place of residence of their brothers and sisters....An example of a simple questionnaire incorporating both inquiries is shown in the Appendix." Census data for selected Latin American and Caribbean countries are used.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30447 Zhang, Wei-Bin. Population oscillations in a nonlinear migration model. Geographical Analysis, Vol. 20, No. 2, Apr 1988. 156-75 pp. Columbus, Ohio. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to prove the existence of Hopf bifurcations in Sheppard's generalized dynamic migration model. Hopf bifurcations appear as a result of structure changes in the system. First, we deal with the general case of H cities. Then, the case of two cities is dealt with."
Correspondence: W.-B. Zhang, University of Umea, S-901 87, Umea, Sweden. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).

H.2. International Migration

54:30448 Abella, Manolo I. Asian labour mobility: new dimensions and implications for development. Pakistan Development Review, Vol. 26, No. 3, Autumn 1987. 363-81 pp. Islamabad, Pakistan. In Eng.
The author "argues that the rise of organized labour migration has introduced a new structural feature in the international labour market....This new factor....contributes to making labour supply highly elastic during upswings in demand for expatriate labour....[and] makes for inelasticity during periods of weakening demand because of its 'stockpiling effect' on labour supply." The impacts on migrants' wages and on the labor forces of labor-exporting countries are considered. The focus is on Asian labor migration to the Middle East. Separate comments by M. Irfan and Nadeem A. Burney are included (pp. 378-81).
Correspondence: M. I. Abella, International Labour Organization, Bangkok, Thailand. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30449 Arretx, Carmen. Research on international migration and census data co-operation in Latin America. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,101-3 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
This is a brief overview of the efforts of CELADE to improve the data base available for estimating international migration through a program called IMILA (International Migration in Latin America). In operation for more than 10 years, the program "has been successful in eliciting the in-depth tabulation and exploitation of census information in the majority of Latin American countries and in the two main receivers in the Americas, Canada and the United States."
Correspondence: C. Arretx, CELADE, Avenida Dag Hammarskjold, Casilla 91, Santiago, Chile. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30450 Bean, Frank D.; de la Garza, Rodolfo O. Illegal aliens and census counts. Society, Vol. 25, No. 3, Mar-Apr 1988. 48-53 pp. New Brunswick, New Jersey. In Eng.
The question of whether or not illegal aliens should be included in the 1990 U.S. census counts is explored. The demographic, economic, and social considerations concerned are first explored in the context of the 1980 census. The relevant legal history for the past 100 years is then reviewed. The authors conclude that "for both practical and legal reasons...efforts should not be undertaken to exclude illegal aliens from 1990 census counts."
Correspondence: F. D. Bean, Population Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

54:30451 Berninghaus, Siegfried; Seifert-Vogt, Hans G. International migration under incomplete information. Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Volkswirtschaft und Statistik/Revue Suisse d'Economie Politique et de Statistique, Vol. 123, No. 2, Jun 1987. 199-218 pp. Bern, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Ger.
"We present a model for deriving optimal sequential migration decisions under incomplete information. As a main characteristic of the model, the decision maker can rationally learn about pecuniary and non-pecuniary net return on migration in different countries by migrating into these countries. Furthermore it is shown that the optimal migration policy can be characterized by a 'simple' procedure, called 'Gittins-index policy'. In the context of our sequential migration model we find more satisfying explanations for some relevant empirical observations (e.g. remigration) than...would be possible within the traditional deterministic approach."
Correspondence: S. Berninghaus, University of Konstanz, D7750 Konstanz, Postfach 5560, Federal Republic of Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30452 Bretz, M.; Esposito, I.; Fleischer, H. The precision of statistics of international migrations--a study of flows between Italy and the Federal Republic of Germany. Statistical Journal of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Vol. 5, No. 1, Dec 1987. 1-12 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
The authors compare the quality of data concerning migration between Italy and the Federal Republic of Germany. Data are from the population registers of both countries. The analysis finds that German sources show migration levels between the two countries to be twice as high as do the Italian sources. Reasons for these discrepancies are discussed.
Correspondence: M. Bretz, Subdivision for Current Population Statistics, Federal Statistical Office, Postfach 5528, 6200 Wiesbaden, Federal Republic of Germany. Location: Princeton University Library (UN).

54:30453 Carino, Benjamin V. The Philippine national recording systems on international migration. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,265-9 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
The author reviews migration data sources and government collection agencies in the Philippines. He finds that "despite the importance of international migration for national policy, efforts to correct the serious data limitations in the area of migration statistics have been limited and uncoordinated. In fact, most estimates of emigration levels from the Philippines still rely heavily on the data gathered by receiving countries."
Correspondence: B. V. Carino, School of Urban and Regional Planning, University of the Philippines, Diliman, Quezon City, Philippines. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30454 Center for Migration Studies (Staten Island, New York); International Union for the Scientific Study of Population [IUSSP] (Liege, Belgium). Measuring international migration: theory and practice. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. xii, [619] pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This volume is the result of the collaboration between the International Migration Review and two of the scientific committees of the International Union for the Scientific Study of Population (IUSSP). The Committee on International Migration and the Committee on Data Collection and Processing in LDC's jointly organized a Workshop entitled 'International Migration Statistics: Their Problems and Use' that took place in Ottawa, Canada from 11 to 13 November 1987. Preliminary versions of about half of the articles contained in this volume were presented at that Workshop. A full report of the discussions that took place at the Workshop is also included." Topics covered include the nature and meaning of international migration data, efforts to improve the international migration data base, evaluation of various national statistical systems, and methodological approaches. The geographical scope is worldwide.
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population Index.
Correspondence: Center for Migration Studies, 209 Flagg Place, Staten Island, NY 10304-1199. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30455 Chiswick, Barry R.; Miller, Paul W. Earnings in Canada: the roles of immigrant generation, French ethnicity, and language. Research in Population Economics, Vol. 6, 1988. 183-228 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"The effects of immigrant status, French ethnicity, and language fluency in Canada has received relatively little attention in the economics literature. Moreover, the coverage of the few studies available is highly selective, and the results often conflict. This paper seeks to correct these deficiencies by using data from the 1971 and 1981 Censuses of Canada to analyze the labor market adjustment of immigrants and French Canadians, as well as the role of language in the Canadian labor market. The analysis is conducted in a manner which will facilitate comparison with previous studies of immigrants and their children in Canada and in other countries. In addition, by comparing 1971 and 1981 Census data, the paper highlights the similarity and changes in patterns over the decade."
Correspondence: B. R. Chiswick, Department of Economics, University of Illinois, P.O. Box 4348, Chicago, IL 60187. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30456 Cohen, Yinon. Education, occupation, and income: Israeli and European immigrants in the United States. Sociology and Social Research, Vol. 72, No. 3, Apr 1988. 173-6 pp. Los Angeles, California. In Eng.
Data from the 1980 U.S. census are used to present a comparative analysis of the success of immigrants from Europe and Israel. The results indicate that although Israeli immigrants are more highly educated, have better jobs, and earn higher incomes than immigrants from Europe, these socioeconomic advantages have declined significantly for the most recent cohorts. Furthermore, "Israelis are more likely than their European counterparts to be at either end of the income distribution. Thus, while many Israelis are enjoying high incomes, even more suffer from poverty."
Correspondence: Y. Cohen, Tel Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

54:30457 Coleman, David A. U.K. statistics on immigration: development and limitations. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,138-69 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article discusses the data on international migration to the United Kingdom, their limitations and their origins....[The author] describes the form of these statistics and evaluates their adequacy, in the context of the pattern of 20th century immigration and successive attempts to control it." Separate consideration is given to the history and legislation of migration control, including the effects of Jewish and Irish immigration of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries on migration policy; immigration control of Commonwealth citizens; attitudes toward immigration control; and the occurrence of return migration. The primary data sources discussed are the International Passenger Survey (IPS) and Home Office Statistics. The author concludes that neither source provides adequate data on migration patterns or migrant characteristics.
Correspondence: D. A. Coleman, University of Oxford, University Offices, Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30458 Elschenbroich, Donata. A nation of immigrants: ethnic consciousness and integration policy in the United States. [Eine Nation von Einwanderern. Ethnisches Bewusstsein und Integrationspolitik in den U.S.A.] ISBN 3-593-33670-7. 1986. 253 pp. Campus: New York, New York/Frankfurt am Main, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The author examines the history of immigration to the United States, with a focus on integration policies designed to equalize the status of disadvantaged racial and ethnic minorities. The author also considers differences in the integration process from one generation to another. The trends, presented chronologically, include the Americanization of minorities during World War II, integration after the war, the ethnic revival of the 1970s, and civil rights and affirmative action since the 1970s. A comparison is made between American and West German integration processes.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30459 Fawcett, James T.; Arnold, Fred. The role of surveys in the study of international migration: an appraisal. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,523-40 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article identifies and discusses eight advantages of surveys that are related to research design and seven advantages that are related to research content. Deficiencies and disadvantages of surveys are also reviewed. Suggestions are made for improving surveys of international migration through better samples and attention to different points in a migration system." The geographical scope is worldwide.
Correspondence: J. T. Fawcett, East-West Population Institute, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30460 Fleischer, Henning. Aliens in federal districts, 1987. [Auslander im Bundesgebiet 1987.] Wirtschaft und Statistik, No. 5, May 1988. 323-7 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The author examines the situation of immigrants in the Federal Republic of Germany. Data are primarily for 1987 and are compared with data for selected earlier years. Consideration is given to migrants seeking asylum by country of origin, total foreign population and growth trends by country of origin, foreigners' trends in fertility and mortality, regional differences in foreign population distribution, and residence permits. Data are from official sources.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30461 Galor, Oded; Stark, Oded. Migrants' savings, the probability of return migration and migrants' performance. Migration and Development Program Discussion Paper, No. 39, Jun 1988. 1-14 pp. Harvard University, Center for Population Studies, Migration and Development Program: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper highlights a difference between migrants and the native-born viz., a positive probability of return migration. An overlapping-generations model is used to show that this probability results in migrants' saving more than comparable native-born. This differential helps explain why migrants often outperform the native-born in the receiving economy." The geographic scope is worldwide.
Correspondence: Migration and Development Program, Center for Population Studies, Harvard University, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, MA 02138. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30462 Garcia y Griego, Manuel. International migration statistics in Mexico. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,245-57 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
International migration statistics for Mexico and sources of these data are evaluated. It is noted that "during the past decade Mexico has experienced both large-scale emigration, directed mostly to the United States, and the mass immigration of Central American refugees. The implementation of the United States Immigration and Control Act of 1986 and the possible escalation of armed conflicts in Central America may result in expanded inflows either of returning citizens or of new refugee waves. To develop appropriate policy responses, Mexico would need reliable information on international migration flows." Tabular data are included comparing U.S. and Mexican data on international migration between the two countries, and for arrival and departures of aliens, nationals, and foreigners for selected years.
Correspondence: M. Garcia y Griego, El Colegio de Mexico, Camino Al Ajusco 20, Mexico City, 10740 Mexico. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30463 Glebe, Gunther; O'Loughlin, John. Foreign minorities in continental European cities. Erdkundliches Wissen, No. 84, ISBN 3-515-04594-5. 1987. 296 pp. Franz Steiner Verlag Wiesbaden: Stuttgart, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Eng.
This book is a collection of studies by various authors on aspects of immigrant settlement in European cities. The papers included were presented in draft form at a symposium held at the Geographisches Institut of Dusseldorf University in March 1985. The focus of the book is on the geographical aspects of urban migrant communities. It consists of an introductory section followed by three substantive sections devoted to West Germany, France, and other European countries.
Selected items will be cited in this or subsequent issues of Population Index.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30464 Golini, Antonio. Size and growth of the immigrant population. [Ammontare e crescita delle popolazioni immigrate.] Serie Documenti e Ristampe, No. 2, Dec 1984. 50 pp. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Ricerche sulla Popolazione: Rome, Italy. In Ita.
In the first part of this report, the author discusses the principal trends in European migration since World War II. He then analyzes the equilibrium between countries needing more labor and those whose populations need employment. Finally, he discusses possible future migratory flows. In the second part, he deals with the origin, structure, growth, and problems of the alien populations resident in various European countries. A statistical appendix, in English, gives data on migration among European countries, excluding Eastern Europe, for the period 1960-1980.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30465 Heer, David M.; Passel, Jeffrey S. Comparison of two methods for estimating the number of undocumented Mexican adults in Los Angeles County. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,446-73 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article compares two different methods for estimating the number of undocumented Mexican adults in Los Angeles County....The first method, called the survey-based method, uses a combination of 1980 [U.S.] census data and the results of a survey conducted in Los Angeles County in 1980 and 1981....The second method, called the residual method....involves comparison of census figures for aliens counted with estimates of legally-resident aliens developed principally with data from the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS). For this study, estimates by age, sex, and period of entry were produced for persons born in Mexico and living in Los Angeles County."
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1985 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 51, No. 3, Fall 1985, p. 425).
Correspondence: D. M. Heer, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30466 Hill, Kenneth. New approaches to the estimation of migration flows from census and administrative data sources. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,279-303 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
In this article, "two methods for estimating migration flows from census data are proposed and illustrated by applications to recent U.S. data. The first method is a simplification of existing intercensal projection methods, and will be affected by changes in census coverage. The second method incorporates independent information on the age pattern of intercensal migration and estimates consistent adjustment factors for census coverage and the scale of the migration schedule." Data are from the U.S. censuses of 1970 and 1980 and are for foreign-born males, with the second method using additional data from the Immigration and Naturalization Service on age distribution of permanent immigrants.
Correspondence: K. Hill, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30467 Jaspers Faijer, Dirk. Notes on the estimation on international migration. [Algunas notas sobre la estimacion de la migracion internacional.] Notas de Poblacion, Vol. 15, No. 43, Apr 1987. 25-46 pp. Santiago, Chile. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"The paper presents some ways to estimate international migration based on the information obtained following the recommendations of the IUSSP Working Group on Methodology for the Study of International Migration." The methods considered include traditional methods based on census data, which are illustrated using data for Paraguay; the method developed by Jorge Somoza using census or survey data concerning place of residence of surviving children and their mothers, which is illustrated using data from the second Honduras National Demographic Survey of 1983; and a method using vital statistics data concerning the place of birth of mothers whose children's births are registered.
Correspondence: D. Jaspers Faijer, CELADE, Casilla 91, Santiago, Chile. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30468 Jasso, Guillermina; Rosenzweig, Mark R. How well do U.S. immigrants do? Vintage effects, emigration selectivity, and occupational mobility. Research in Population Economics, Vol. 6, 1988. 229-53 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"In this paper we investigate how (1) the existence of foreign-born groups who are heterogeneous in legal status, (2) the differential effects of the two types of U.S. experience--experience before and after the achievement of permanent resident status--on occupational attainment, and (3) the selectivity associated with remigration by the foreign born influence the estimates of the occupational mobility of 'immigrants' based on information in Census-type surveys. We analyze and compare data from two microdata files--a unique longitudinal data set based on a probability sample of the fiscal year 1971 cohort of new permanent resident aliens, and a probability sample of the foreign born who were enumerated in the 1980 Census and who report entering the United States between 1960 and 1980. We find that estimates obtained from the Census significantly understate the returns to the U.S. experience of immigrants with respect to occupational attainment, and in particular understate the occupational mobility of Hispanics and Asians relative to the rest of the foreign-born population."
Correspondence: G. Jasso, Department of Sociology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30469 Jasso, Guillermina; Rosenzweig, Mark R. Using national recording systems for the measurement and analysis of immigration to the United States. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,212-44 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article considers the kinds of data required to increase scientific knowledge about U.S. immigration and, in light of those requirements, assesses the principal currently available data sets (the U.S. decennial Censuses and the administrative records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service) and makes recommendations for improving the data environment." A brief review of U.S. immigration law is also presented.
Correspondence: G. Jasso, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30470 Katz, Eliakim; Stark, Oded. Why do migrants fare as they do? Migration and Development Program Discussion Paper, No. 38, Apr 1988. 1-17 pp. Harvard University, Center for Population Studies, Migration and Development Program: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper offers a new explanation for the often observed higher mean income-higher income variance of migrants vis-a-vis the native-born. The explanation is based on the relative lack of information about migrants in the receiving country rather than on the attributes of migrants." The authors propose a model to support their argument that "when migrants arrive in a new country (the U.S. in our case) they will tend to be initially viewed by potential employers as homogenous in terms of their ability." Data are from official and other published sources.
Correspondence: Migration and Development Program, Center for Population Studies, Harvard University, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, MA 02138. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30471 Kelly, John J. Improving the comparability of international migration statistics: contributions by the Conference of European Statisticians from 1971 to date. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,017-37 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
This is a summary of "the three main types of inter-related activities which the Conference of European Statisticians has worked on over the course of the past fifteen years on improving the measurement and international comparability of international migration flows. The work has encompassed collaborating with the United Nations Statistical Commission on the preparation and implementation of the revised international recommendations on statistics of international migration, organizing a regular exchange of data on immigration and emigration flows among ECE [Economic Commission for Europe] countries and selected countries in other regions, and conducting bilateral studies on international migration within the framework of the Conference's program of work in this field of statistics." ECE countries are identified as 32 countries throughout Europe including the USSR, plus the United States and Canada.
Correspondence: J. J. Kelly, U.N. Economic Commission for Europe, Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30472 Keyder, Caglar; Aksu-Koc, Ayhan. External labour migration from Turkey and its impact: an evaluation of the literature. IDRC Manuscript Report, No. 185e, Apr 1988. 166 pp. International Development Research Centre [IDRC]: Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
"The following is a review of the literature on Turkish labour migration abroad, focussing especially on the impact of this migration on Turkish economy and society." Topics covered include return migration, remittances, investments of migrants and returning migrants, the effect of migration on social structures, and the impact of migration on families and households.
Correspondence: IDRC, P.O. Box 8500, Ottawa, Ontario K1G 3H9, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30473 Kraly, Ellen P.; Gnanasekaran, K. S. Efforts to improve international migration statistics: a historical perspective. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 967-95 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article surveys the history of official initiatives to standardize international migration statistics by reviewing the recommendations of the [International Statistical Institute, the] International Labor Organization and the United Nations and reports a recently proposed agenda for moving toward comparability among national statistical systems." The geographical scope is worldwide.
Correspondence: E. P. Kraly, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30474 Larson, Eric M.; Sullivan, Teresa A. "Conventional numbers" in immigration research: the case of the missing Dominicans. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,474-97 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
The authors evaluate the accuracy of recent data on international migration from the Dominican Republic. In particular, they question the estimate that some 500,000 Dominicans live in the United States and abroad. The authors present "enumeration data from both U.S. and Dominican censuses that seem to converge on a much smaller number....Even if these smaller numbers are taken to be the current immigrants from a large, empirically-estimated pool of migrants, the total number of Dominicans abroad appears to be lower than 500,000."
Correspondence: E. M. Larson, Program Evaluation and Methodology Division, U.S. General Accounting Office, 441 G Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20548. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30475 Lebon, Andre. 1986-1987: the situation concerning immigration and the presence of foreigners in France. [1986-1987: le point sur l'immigration et la presence etrangere en France.] Documents Affaires Sociales, ISBN 2-11-002011-3. Apr 1988. 91 pp. Ministere des Affaires Sociales et de l'Emploi, Direction de la Population et des Migrations: Paris, France; Documentation Francaise: Paris, France. In Fre.
This is one in a series of annual reports concerning immigration in France; it was prepared under the framework of the Permanent System of Observation of Migration (SOPEMI) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). The present volume contains chapters on international migration trends in France, the resident foreign population and the French population abroad, the acquisition of French nationality and demographic characteristics, economic characteristics, and migration policy measures.
For a previous report concerning the years 1983 and 1984, published in 1985, see 52:10500.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30476 Liao, Liqiong; Wen, Yingqian. The international migration trend of the Chaoshan region shown by characteristics of current migrants from the Chenghai county. Population Research, Vol. 4, No. 3, Jul 1987. 28-34 pp. Beijing, China. In Eng.
International migration from Chenghai county in the People's Republic of China is analyzed using official data concerning 1,305 migrants during the period 1981-1985. The historical significance of the region's seaports as exit points for migrants is noted. Data from selected years are then compared for migrant characteristics including sex and age distribution, educational attainment, marital status, and motivations for migrating. It is concluded that current migration is a continuation of past migration trends from the area.
This is a translation of the Chinese article in Renkou Yanjiu (Beijing, China), No. 6, 1986.
Correspondence: L. Liao, Population Research Institute, Zhongshan University, Guanzhou, China. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30477 Luther, Norman Y.; Gaminiratne, K. H. W.; de Silva, Soma; Retherford, Robert D. Consistent correction of international migration data for Sri Lanka, 1971-81. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,335-69 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
The authors use "a new methodology...to estimate net international emigration by age and sex from Sri Lanka between 1971 and 1981. The procedure starts with a set of preliminary estimates of census populations in 1971 and 1981 and intercensal births, deaths, and migrants. These preliminary estimates are corrected in such a way as to be consistent with a set of intercensal demographic balancing equations. The methodology, which is formulated in terms of finite-dimensional vector spaces and which involves an optimizing criterion, includes a weighting procedure by which the brunt of the corrections can be made to fall on the least reliable quantities, in this case migrants. The procedure also yields corrected estimates of population, births, deaths, and derived life tables."
Correspondence: N. Y. Luther, Population Institute Center, 1777 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96848. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30478 Mackie, J. A. C. Asian immigration to Australia: past trends and future prospects. Australian Outlook, Vol. 41, No. 2, Aug 1987. 104-9 pp. Canberra, Australia. In Eng.
Recent trends in immigration trends to Australia from Asia are analyzed, and future prospects are considered. Concerns about the ethnic composition of the population due to different levels of Asian immigration are emphasized, as are the policy options available to affect immigration levels.
Correspondence: J. A. C. Mackie, Professor of Political and Social Change, Research School of Pacific Studies, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

54:30479 Makinwa-Adebusoye, Paulina. The nature and scope of international migration data in Nigeria. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,258-64 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
This is a brief review of Nigeria's data sources and laws regulating migration. Demographic data sources discussed are censuses, arrival and departure statistics, work and resident permits, and sample surveys. The author finds that "demographic data sources in Nigeria are generally weak and those producing information on population movements across international boundaries are no exception. However...a complex system of data collection on arrivals and departures already exists and yields data on a regular basis. Despite its current limitations, such a system has the potential of yielding useful information, although political will is needed to effect the necessary changes."
Correspondence: P. Makinwa-Adebusoye, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Ekenwan Road, Benin City, Nigeria. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30480 Massey, Douglas S.; Alarcon, Rafael; Durand, Jorge; Gonzalez, Humberto. Return to Aztlan: the social process of international migration from western Mexico. Studies in Demography, No. 1, ISBN 0-520-06079-2. LC 87-5913. 1987. x, 335 pp. University of California Press: Berkeley, California/London, England. In Eng.
This interdisciplinary study examines the dynamic social process that has led to massive international migration from Mexico to the United States. The authors combine historical, anthropological, and survey data to construct a picture of the social dynamics of this migration, focusing on four communities in western Mexico. The study design and the communities are first described. "Chapter 4 examines the historical origins of U.S. migration within each of the four communities....Chapter 6 shows how migrants' social networks develop and grow over time and how they gradually support migration on a continuously widening scale. Chapter 7 analyzes the role that U.S. migration plays in the household economy, studying how it is manipulated as part of a larger strategy of survival. Chapter 8 considers the impact of U.S. migration on the socioeconomic organization of Mexican communities. Chapter 9 shifts attention north of the border to analyze the process of U.S. settlement in some detail. Finally, chapter 10 summarizes the insights of the prior chapters by estimating four statistical models that measure how different factors determine key events in the migrant career."
Location: University of Chicago, Population Research Center, Chicago, IL.

54:30481 Massey, Douglas S. The ethnosurvey in theory and practice. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,498-522 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article describes a research approach designed to overcome the limitations of [U.S.] federal immigration statistics and to illuminate the social processes underlying aggregate patterns of migration....The ethnosurvey is a research design...[with] five specific design features: multimethod data collection, representative multisite sampling, multilevel data compilation, life history collection, and parallel sampling. These design features are described, justified, and tied to the broader methodological literature in social science. The ethnosurvey design is illustrated by its recent application to study Mexican migration to the United States, and empirical evidence is presented to show how it corrects the limitations of federal data on immigration."
Correspondence: D. S. Massey, Population Research Center, University of Chicago, 5801 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30482 Massey, Douglas S. The settlement process among Mexican migrants to the United States. American Sociological Review, Vol. 51, No. 5, Oct 1986. 670-84 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This report examines the process of integration and settlement among Mexican migrants to the United States using data specially collected from four Mexican sending communities. These data indicate that as migrants accumulate experience in the United States, social and economic ties are formed which progressively increase the likelihood of U.S. settlement. Over time, migrants bring family members abroad, make new friends, establish institutional connections, and obtain more stable, better paying jobs. As a result, less money is remitted home to Mexico, and more is spent in the United States. These trends give rise to a steady, cumulative increase in the probability of U.S. settlement."
Correspondence: D. S. Massey, Population Studies Center, 3718 Locust Walk, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6298. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30483 Miller, Kerby A. Emigrants and exiles: Ireland and the Irish exodus to North America. ISBN 0-19-503594-1. LC 85-4919. 1985. xii, 684 pp. Oxford University Press: New York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
This book is concerned with patterns of Irish emigration, primarily to the United States, from 1607 to 1921. The focus is on the attitudes of Irish emigrants toward their migration, the factors determining those attitudes, and how those attitudes shaped their experiences of emigration and life in North America. Consideration is given to differences between migrants who arrived in North America before the Great Famine and those who emigrated as a result of it. A bibliography of manuscript sources is included.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

54:30484 Monferrini, Mario. Italian emigration to Switzerland and Germany in the period 1960-1975: the position of the political parties. [L'emigrazione italiana in Svizzera e Germania nel 1960-1975: la posizione dei partiti politici.] I Fatti della Storia, No. 23, ISBN 88-7573-106-3. 1987. 202 pp. Bonacci Editore: Rome, Italy. In Ita.
Italian emigration to Switzerland and the Federal Republic of Germany during the period 1960-1975 is analyzed. The author first reviews emigration trends since 1860. A quantitative analysis of emigration from 1960 to 1975 follows, with emphasis on the political factors affecting this migration and its impact on the economies and labor forces of the receiving countries. A chapter on problems faced by emigrants is included.
Location: New York Public Library.

54:30485 Noiriel, Gerard. The French melting pot: a history of immigration, nineteenth and twentieth centuries. [Le creuset francais: histoire de l'immigration, XIXe-XX siecles.] L'Univers Historique, ISBN 2-02-010104-1. 1988. 438 pp. Editions du Seuil: Paris, France. In Fre.
This is a general study on immigration in France during the modern era. The author notes that outside of the third world, no country has experienced as large and constant a flow of immigrants throughout the twentieth century as France. The aim of the book is to present a background for the contemporary debate concerning immigration.
Location: New York Public Library.

54:30486 Passel, Jeffrey S.; Woodrow, Karen A. Change in the undocumented alien population in the United States, 1979-1983. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,304-34 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article presents estimates of the number of undocumented aliens included in the April 1983 Current Population Survey (CPS) derived by subtracting an estimate of the legally resident foreign born population from the survey estimate of all foreign born residents....Also presented are similar estimates for the November 1979 CPS....Estimates are presented by period of entry for Mexico and other groups of countries. Comparison of the April 1983 estimate with the census-based estimate and the November 1979 survey-based estimate provide an indication of growth in the undocumented alien population for 1980-83."
Correspondence: J. S. Passel, Population Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. 20233. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30487 Pryor, Edward T.; Long, John F. The Canada-United States joint immigration study: issues in data comparability. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,038-66 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"The Canada-United States immigration project is an attempt to assess carefully the flows, trends, and characteristics of immigrants between the two countries. The primary focus for data is the census information derived from the 1980 U.S. and 1981 Canadian censuses. Comparable data were a primary preoccupation of the project. This article reports on the highlights of the various comparability issues experienced and the means used to address these."
Correspondence: E. T. Pryor, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OT6, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30488 Richmond, Anthony H. Caribbean immigrants in Britain and Canada: socio-demographic aspects. Revue Europeenne des Migrations Internationales, Vol. 3, No. 3, 1987. 129-50 pp. Poitiers, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
This is an overview of demographic characteristics of migrants from the Caribbean to Great Britain and Canada, based on official data. "In 1981 there were approximately 295,000 Caribbean born persons living in Britain and 211,000 in Canada. In addition there was a 'second generation' of about 250,000 in Britain and 50,000 in Canada. Immigration from the Caribbean reached its peak in Britain in 1961 and in 1974 for Canada. The latter country was more selective in terms of education and includes a francophone group from Haiti. There is substantial residential segregation in the inner cities of London and Birmingham, but a greater degree of dispersion within Montreal and Toronto. There are growing problems of unemployment among Black youths, in both countries."
Correspondence: A. H. Richmond, York University, 4700 Keele Street, North York, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30489 Salt, John. The SOPEMI experience: genesis, aims and achievements. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,067-73 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
This is an overview of "the 'Systeme d'Observation Permanente sur les Migrations' (better known as SOPEMI) [which] was established in 1973 to provide the European member states of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) with a mechanism for the timely sharing of information on international migration." The background and work of SOPEMI are discussed, with an emphasis on the development of the organization's statistics and the generation of its annual report. The author concludes that "one of the greatest contributions of SOPEMI has been its ability to signal changes in the patterns and processes of international migration in Western Europe and North America as they have happened."
Correspondence: J. Salt, University College, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30490 Samuel, T. J. Family class immigrants to Canada. 1981-84. Part 1: labour force activity aspects. International Migration/Migrations Internationales/Migraciones Internacionales, Vol. 26, No. 2, Jun 1988. 171-86 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"In this paper the labour force aspects of the adaptation of family class immigrants [in Canada] is looked at. A clear indication of the economic adaptation is the immigrant's labour force participation rate and the incidence and duration of unemployment...." Data are from a survey of 1,400 family class immigrants who entered Canada during the period April 1981-March 1984. The author finds that "family class immigrants do have [a] higher unemployment rate than the other categories of immigrants....However, being family class, the unemployed among them are not supported by the public treasury since the sponsoring relative provides the necessary economic support. They [also] have higher than the labour force participation rate they intended to have on entering Canada...."
Correspondence: T. J. Samuel, Employment and Immigration Canada, Place du Portage, 140 Promenade du Portage, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0J9, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30491 Samuel, T. J.; White, P. M.; Perreault, J. National recording systems and the measurement of international migration in Canada: an assessment. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,170-211 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article describes and provides a critical assessment of the adequacy of Canada's statistical sources on immigration and emigration for both scientific study and policy needs. The article discusses the relationship between immigrant data collection systems and immigration policy and the importance of political considerations in the establishment of immigrant data collection systems. Special attention is given to the statistical sources that apply to the various categories of migrants." An appendix of data source materials is provided.
Correspondence: T. J. Samuel, Employment and Immigration Canada, Place du Portage, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OJP, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30492 Schatzer, P. Changing patterns of migration in the Adriatic region. International Migration/Migrations Internationales/Migraciones Internacionales, Vol. 26, No. 2, Jun 1988. 215-9 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng.
International migration in the Adriatic countries of Albania, Greece, Italy, San Marino, and Yugoslavia is briefly examined using data from official and other published sources. The main types of migratory movements identified by the author within the region are "1) economically motivated migration (legal and clandestine); 2) immigration of refugees for resettlement; 3) immigration with the scope of final resettlement in a third country (transit movements); [and] 4) return migration by former emigrants."
Correspondence: P. Schatzer, Intergovernmental Committee for Migration, Rome, Italy. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30493 Simmons, Alan B. The United Nations recommendations and data efforts: international migration statistics. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 996-1,016 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article provides a critical review of the United Nations' efforts to improve international migration statistics. The review addresses the challenges faced by the U.N. effort, the direction in which this effort is going, gaps in the current approach, and priorities for future action." The geographical scope is worldwide.
Correspondence: A. B. Simmons, Center for Research on Latin America and the Caribbean, York University, 4700 Keele Street, North York, Ontario N3J 1P3, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30494 Stahl, C. W. Manpower export and economic development: evidence from the Philippines. International Migration/Migrations Internationales/Migraciones Internacionales, Vol. 26, No. 2, Jun 1988. 147-69 pp. Geneva, Switzerland. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"Since the mid 1970s, a number of Asian countries, including the Philippines, have encouraged labour emigration. By 1986, it is estimated that the number of Filipino workers abroad exceeded 800,000, amounting to just under 8 per cent of the non-agricultural labour force. In the same year, it is estimated that these workers remitted approximately U.S. 1.8 billion [dollars] of foreign exchange back to the Philippines, an amount equal to over 30 per cent of merchandise exports, making remittances the top ranking export industry in terms of foreign exchange earnings. The rationale for a policy of labour export derives from its perceived developmental benefits to the emigration country....Drawing upon evidence from the Philippines, it is the purpose of this paper to investigate the extent to which these perceived developmental benefits are realized."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30495 Stahl, Charles. Population perspectives on the causes of international migration. Population Bulletin of ESCWA, No. 30, Jun 1987. 25-50 pp. Baghdad, Iraq. In Eng.
"To explain international migration from an economic viewpoint, the study examines those economic forces which act upon individuals, industries and countries creating, on the one hand, a situation of an unlimited supply of labour in the countries of emigration and on the other hand, a constant demand for a foreign work-force in countries of immigration. Those economic forces [that] influence the selection of the individuals who will emigrate are also examined. When discussing the supply of and demand for labour the paper looks at the actual and perceived financial and social losses and gains to both the countries of immigration and emigration."
Correspondence: C. Stahl, Department of Economics, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30496 Stark, Oded. Migrants and markets. Migration and Development Program Discussion Paper, No. 37, Feb 1988. 1-8 pp. Harvard University, Center for Population Studies, Migration and Development Program: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"The main theme of the current paper is that special features characterize the interaction...between migrants and the markets they join and that market characteristics largely account for the labour market performance of individual migrants." The example used is migration to the United States, with data from the 1970 and 1980 censuses.
Correspondence: Migration and Development Program, Center for Population Studies, Harvard University, 9 Bow Street, Cambridge, MA 02138. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30497 Sukhatme, S. P.; Mahadevan, I. Brain drain and the IIT graduate. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 23, No. 25, Jun 18, 1988. 1,285-93 pp. Bombay, India. In Eng.
"This paper presents the results of a study of the magnitude and nature of 'brain drain' [among] graduates of the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay. The study aimed at, first, quantifying the extent of brain drain for a specific set of alumni...and, second, understanding the motivations and aspirations of those graduates who proceed abroad and those who stay on in India and the reasons for staying on abroad or returning to India." Tabular data are from sample surveys of 1,262 alumni who graduated during the period 1973-1977.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30498 Torrealba, Ricardo. International migration data: their problems and usefulness in Venezuela. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 1,270-6 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
The author examines migration statistics and data sources in Venezuela. Among the data sources reviewed are the national population and housing census, household surveys, migration surveys, and arrival and departure statistics. The government agencies responsible for such data collection and some aspects of Venezuelan labor and migration law are briefly assessed.
Correspondence: R. Torrealba, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Cientificas, Apdo 1827, Caracas 1010A, Venezuela. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30499 van Amersfoort, Hans; Surie, Boudewijn. Reluctant hosts: immigration into Dutch society 1970-1985. Ethnic and Racial Studies, Vol. 10, No. 2, Apr 1987. 169-85 pp. New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
Trends in immigration to the Netherlands in the period 1970-1985 are analyzed. The authors conclude that the Dutch government was completely unprepared for the influx of immigration that occurred during this time. Consideration is given to the ideological and political impact of this migration, particularly in light of the absence of relevant and accurate statistical data.
Correspondence: H. van Amersfoort, University of Amsterdam, Spui 21, 1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. Location: New York Public Library.

54:30500 Waldorf, B. S.; Esparza, A. Labor migration to Western Europe: a commentary on O'Loughlin, 1986. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 20, No. 8, Aug 1988. 1,121-7 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The authors challenge the conclusion stated in a recent article by J. O'Loughlin that economic factors only marginally influence migration from the European periphery to the industrial centers of Western and Northern Europe. A reply by O'Loughlin is included (pp. 1,125-7).
For the article by O'Loughlin, published in 1986, see 52:20517.
Correspondence: B. S. Waldorf, Department of Geography, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).

54:30501 Zlotnik, Hania. The concept of international migration as reflected in data collection systems. International Migration Review, Vol. 21, No. 4, Winter 1987. 925-46 pp. Staten Island, New York. In Eng.
"This article will analyze how basic concepts are used to characterize migration. In doing so, reference will be made not only to the definitions underlying actual statistical systems, but also to the internationally accepted 'model' definitions....An in-depth analysis of the nature of [these] definitions may reveal their potential limitations and thus allow an assessment of whether the achievement of homogeneity in statistical concepts should be the principal goal. Five basic concepts are considered...legal nationality, residence, place of birth, time and purpose of stay." The author finds that migration policies and laws have a great influence on the definitions of migrants for statistical purposes. The geographical scope is worldwide.
Correspondence: H. Zlotnik, Population Division, United Nations, New York, NY 10017. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30502 Zuccotti, Juan C. Contemporary Argentinian emigration (since 1950). [La emigracion argentina contemporanea (a partir de 1950).] ISBN 950-21-0882-5. 1987. xvi, 355 pp. Editorial Plus Ultra: Buenos Aires, Argentina. In Spa.
Current economic and social conditions in Argentina are analyzed in relation to the emigration of Argentinians. Various aspects of the Argentinian emigrant population are also discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

H.3. Internal Migration

54:30503 Carvajal, Manuel J.; Upadhiaya, Anita. Propensity to migrate differentials by poverty status: an empirical test for Costa Rica. Journal of Economic Development, Vol. 11, No. 2, Dec 1986. 123-46 pp. Richmond, Virginia. In Eng.
The relationship between migration and economic factors is analyzed using Costa Rica as an example, with data from official and other published sources. "This study [examines] the empirical relevance of a migration behavior model from an economic perspective....The model is based on the premise that interregional redistribution of people is a long-term utility maximization process which may involve heterogeneous utility functions, unequal perception of migration-related costs and benefits, and various constraint types and levels for different groups of people....The principal findings show that, in general, migrants are attracted by counties with higher earnings, more female labor force participation, lower levels of educational attainment, younger median age, more equitable income distribution, and greater availability of public services....Probably the single most important finding is that in both urban and rural areas the in-migration rates of the poor are systematically less income and education elastic than those of the nonpoor."
Correspondence: M. J. Carvajal, Associate Professor of Economics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306. Location: University of California at Davis.

54:30504 Eaglstein, A. Solomon; Berman, Yitzhak. Correlates of intra-urban migration in Israel. Social Indicators Research, Vol. 20, No. 1, Feb 1988. 103-11 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"In order to determine correlates of Israeli intra-urban residential mobility, data from the 1983 general census of the population were gathered from the 61 Israeli towns with at least 5,000 inhabitants the majority of which are Jews. Inhibiting and intensifying factors of mobility were identified. It was found that juvenile crime, percent of Asian/African inhabitants, percent female unemployment and mean family size were positively and significantly related to intra-urban mobility. On the other hand, quality of living, median education, mean gross income, uncrowded households and mean age were negatively and significantly related to residential mobility."
Correspondence: A. S. Eaglstein, Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, 10 Yad Haruzim Street, Box 1260, IL-91000 Jerusalem, Israel. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

54:30505 El-Attar, Mohamed. Internal migration and development: data sources and measurement. International Journal of Contemporary Sociology, Vol. 24, No. 1-2, Jan-Apr 1987. 112-25 pp. Ghaziabad, India. In Eng.
This paper is concerned with internal migration and its consequences in developing countries. The author first presents some definitions and reviews sources of data and their reliability. Aspects of data comparability are considered, and the techniques of measuring internal migration are summarized. These methods are illustrated using Egyptian data for 1960 and Iraqi data for 1947-1957.
Correspondence: M. El-Attar, Mississippi State University, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, P.O. Box C, Mississippi State, MS 39762. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30506 Fukui, Hayao. Don Daeng village in northeast Thailand: population (2). An estimate of migration by mortality and fertility rates. Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 25, No. 3, Dec 1987. 176-94 pp. Kyoto, Japan. In Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
"The population dynamics of Don Daeng, a rice-growing village in Northeast Thailand, was studied as part of an integrated village study program in 1981-1984. The mortality and fertility rates since the 1930s were determined from data obtained by interviewing 232 ever-married women who gave birth to 876 children, while those for the preceding periods were estimated from the village population in three separate years and by extrapolation of the trend since the 1930s, which was adjusted for the results of the national censuses....[Results indicate that] immigration dominated until the early 1940s, when paddy acreage could no longer be expanded, and since then emigration has taken place."
Correspondence: H. Fukui, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Shimoadachi-cho 46, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30507 Gabriel, Stuart A.; Justman, Moshe; Levy, Amnon. Place-to-place migration in Israel: estimates of a logistic model. Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol. 17, No. 4, Nov 1987. 595-606 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"A multinomial logit model focusing on economic and other locational factors is formulated and applied to data on place-to-place migration in Israel. Results indicate the effects of expected industrial wage differentials, in accordance with the hypothesis of Harris and Todaro (1970), and of disparities in the structure of industrial employment, suggesting that perceived risk as well as expected return enter into the decision to migrate, as Stark and Levhari (1982) have argued. Other effects include those associated with regional differentials in amenities and agglomeration associated with urbanization, population mobility by age group, center-periphery migration trends, border security hazards, and the like. Implications of the analysis for the Israeli policy of population dispersion are discussed."
Correspondence: S. A. Gabriel, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington, D.C. 20551. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30508 Gordon, I. Interdistrict migration in Great Britain 1980-81: a multistream model with a commuting option. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 20, No. 7, Jul 1988. 907-24 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"In this paper an existing three-stream model of migration is adopted and extended to provide a first representation of district-district flows within Great Britain in 1980-81. The extended model incorporates an option for prospective migrants to choose commuting rather than a residential move after finding a new workplace, and employs a logistic function of distance in the regional or environmental stream where migrational opportunities tend not to be independent. Results are presented for the distribution of flows between local, regional, and national streams and for the geographical pattern of pushes and pulls in each."
Correspondence: I. Gordon, Urban and Regional Studies Unit, University of Kent, Cornwallis Building, Canterbury, Kent CT2 7NF, England. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).

54:30509 Heinritz, Gunter; El Manguri, Hassan. Emigration and remigration in Southern Darfur. Applied Geography and Development, Vol. 29, 1987. 7-26 pp. Tubingen, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Eng.
Migration patterns in the Southern Durfur region of the Sudan are discussed. Data are primarily from interviews conducted by the authors in March 1984 and January 1985 in a total of five towns and villages. Attention is paid to the migration history of surveyed households, especially those having contact with absent migrants and remigrants. The economic effects of out-migration and remigration are also considered.
Correspondence: G. Heinritz, Geographisches Institut der Technischen Universitat, Arcisstrasse 21, 8000 Munich-2, Federal Republic of Germany. Location: University of Florida Libraries.

54:30510 Justman, Moshe; Levy, Amnon; Gabriel, Stuart. Determinants of internal migration in Israel: expected returns and risks. Applied Economics, Vol. 20, No. 5, May 1988. 679-90 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"A multinomial logit model of place-to-place migration focusing on economic, geographic and demographic factors is applied to empirical data on inter-regional migration in Israel in 1980. It explains 75% of the (cross-sectional) variance in the data. The results presented in this paper depart from previous empirical work due to its industrialized context and its focus on risk aversion as a determinant of the migration decision. The results support the Harris-Todaro (1970) hypothesis, and indicate that regional similarities in the structure of industrial employment promote migration."
Correspondence: M. Justman, Department of Economics, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84 105, P.O.B. 653, Israel. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30511 Kamiar, Mohammad; Beegle, J. Allan. Patterns and processes of internal migration in less developed countries: a selected research bibliography. Public Administration Series: Bibliography, No. P1928, ISBN 0-89028-848-8. LC 87-135131. May 1986. 57 pp. Vance Bibliographies: Monticello, Illinois. In Eng.
This is a list of major studies on internal migration in developing countries published up to 1985. The bibliography, which is unannotated, consists of 563 references to books, book chapters, and journal articles. Subject and geographical indexes are included.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

54:30512 Marshall, Harvey; O'Flaherty, Kathleen. Suburbanization in the seventies: the "push-pull" hypothesis revisited. Journal of Urban Affairs, Vol. 9, No. 3, 1987. 249-62 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"This article compares the effects of 'push' and 'pull' factors on decisions of white and black households without children to move from central cities to the suburbs....In this article the units are individual households and the variables characteristics of these households or the metropolitan area where they live. The data suggest that black and white decisions are affected by the same variables in the same way, and that blacks and whites are equally likely to move to the suburbs."
Correspondence: H. Marshall, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Winthrop E. Stone Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).

54:30513 Mathur, Vijay K.; Stein, Sheldon H.; Kumar, Rishi. A dynamic model of regional population growth and decline. Journal of Regional Science, Vol. 28, No. 3, Aug 1988. 379-95 pp. Peace Dale, Rhode Island. In Eng.
"This paper presents a two-sector dynamic model of regional population change. The model contains a migration equation, an earnings equation, and an amenity equation for each region. In the context of this model, migration is seen as a disequilibrium process through which the regional populations move towards equilibrium positions. Migration occurs when one region is perceived to be superior to the other on the basis of its earnings and amenity levels. Equilibrium is achieved when population movements between the regions eliminate any differences in their relative attractiveness. A comparative-static analysis of the model is presented to analyze the effects of policy changes and exogenous shocks on the distribution of population among the regions." The geographical focus is on the United States.
Correspondence: V. K. Mathur, Department of Economics, Cleveland State University, Euclid Avenue at 24th Street, Cleveland, OH 44115. Location: Princeton University Library (UES).

54:30514 McHugh, Kevin E. Black migration reversal in the United States. Geographical Review, Vol. 77, No. 2, Apr 1987. 171-82 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
"During the 1970s the [U.S.] South shifted to net black in-migration. The trend continues in the 1980s. This reversal at the regional scale reflects social and economic forces that have increased opportunities for blacks. This shift is a reversal of highly channelized migratory streams linking specific southern and northern states. Southward flows reflect behavioral processes in black migration. The reversal demonstrates that structural and behavioral viewpoints on migration are complementary."
Correspondence: K. E. McHugh, Department of Geography, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

54:30515 Menon, Ramdas. Migration patterns and migrant adjustment in peninsular Malaysia. 1987. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"An analysis of migration patterns and migrant adjustment in peninsular Malaysia is presented, based on [recent] data from the Malaysian Family Life Survey. The analysis revealed that urban/rural residence, ethnicity, motivations underlying migration, and manner of securing employment are important determinants of the duration of the job search and of post-migration income. It was further noted that transferees form a distinct stream of migration. They differ from other migrants in age, education, employment, and post-migration income. In discussing the significance of these findings, attention is drawn to the impact of government policies on types of migration streams, and to the size of the public (or formal) sector as a determinant of work-related migration, or transfers."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at McGill University.
Correspondence: University Microfilms International, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 48(10).

54:30516 Sautory, Olivier. Nearly half the population moved from one commune to another at least once over the past 20 years. [Pres de la moitie de la population a change au moins une fois de commune en 20 ans.] Economie et Statistique, No. 209, Apr 1988. 39-47, 58, 60 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
Trends in internal migration in France over the past 20 years are analyzed using data fom the permanent demographic sample maintained by INSEE. The results indicate that those who move once are likely to do so again. Consideration is given to regional differences and to differences in migration tendencies by profession.
Correspondence: O. Sautory, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques, 18 Boulevard Adolphe Pinard, 75675 Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30517 Schroten, Herman. Internal migration in Guatemala during the period 1976-1981. [La migracion interna en Guatemala durante el periodo 1976-1981.] Notas de Poblacion, Vol. 15, No. 43, Apr 1987. 47-75 pp. Santiago, Chile. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
Trends in internal migration by region and department in Guatemala during the period 1976-1981 are analyzed. The results indicate that migrants are more frequently female and nonindigenous. Consideration is given to age at migration. It is found that the principal migration movements are to the more developed departments of Guatemala, Escuintla, and El Peten.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30518 Schultz, T. Paul. Heterogeneous preferences and migration: self-selection, regional prices and programs, and the behavior of migrants in Colombia. Research in Population Economics, Vol. 6, 1988. 163-81 pp. Greenwich, Connecticut/London, England. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to review some data on the behavior of nonmigrants and of migrants by their origin and destination in order to assess whether regional differences in wages, prices, and access to public health and education programs might explain distinctive patterns of life-cycle behavior in Colombia consistent with the hypothesized role of population heterogeneity and migration....Section II illustrates the nature of selectivity bias that migration introduces for studies of household economic and demographic demands and the conditions under which this bias may be quantitatively important. Illustrative data from the Colombian 1973 Census sample are briefly described in Section III, and evidence is presented on wage and program variation by region. A series of tabulations of the Census data are reported in Section IV that confirm the hypothesized migrant selection process affecting behavior in Colombia. The concluding section discusses the implications of this process for understanding how migration affects household behavior and how estimates of household demand equations should incorporate migration."
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1983 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 49, No. 3, Fall 1983, p. 376).
Correspondence: T. P. Schultz, Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30519 Serrano Martinez, Jose M. Internal migration patterns in Spain between 1973 and 1982: a critical point or a changing trend? [Los saldos migratorios interiores en Espana entre 1973 y 1982: situacion coyuntural o cambio de tendencia?] Informacion Comercial Espanola, No. 647, Jul 1987. 71-91 pp. Madrid, Spain. In Spa.
Internal migration patterns in Spain from 1973 to 1982 are reviewed using data from official sources. Significant changes in migration flows are documented and attributed to the economic crisis that has been developing in Spain over this period. Among the changes noted are a slowing of rural-urban migration; during the period 1978-1982, an increase in return migration to previously depopulated areas; and an overall decline in migration. The author concludes that these changes will contribute to a more regionally balanced economic development in the future.
Correspondence: J. M. Serrano Martinez, Profesor Titular de Analisis Geografico Regional, Universidad de Murcia, Santo Cristol, Murcia, Spain. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

54:30520 Tervamaki, Erkki. Migration in Finland, a multi-level system of regions. Fennia, Vol. 165, No. 1, 1987. 1-88 pp. Helsinki, Finland. In Eng.
A systems approach is applied to the study of migration trends in Finland for the period 1971-1981, with particular attention to the period 1971-1978. The results indicate the existence of six permanent migration regions linked by a multilevel system. "The organization of this system varies from one part of the country to another, the most common modes being hierarchical tree flow networks belonging to a nodal system and polar and dendritic networks associated with a highly polarized system. The nodal system mode is seen to be increasing in currency."
Correspondence: E. Tervamaki, Department of Geography, University of Helsinki, Hallituskatu 11, SF-00100 Helsinki, Finland. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

54:30521 Thailand. National Statistical Office (Bangkok, Thailand). Survey of migration into Chiang Mai province, 1986. Report of the Survey of Migration, No. 11, Pub. Order No. E-SuR-Mign-No. 1-87. [1987]. 40, 51 pp. Bangkok, Thailand. In Eng; Tha.
These are the results of the 1986 survey of migration into the Chiang Mai province of Thailand. A statement of survey objectives and procedures is followed by a chapter describing the survey week and enumeration period, household characteristics, reasons for migration, occupation, educational status, and intention to out-migrate in the future. Chapters on sample design and estimation procedures as well as an extensive appendix of statistical tables are included.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30522 Thomas, Colin. Moscow's mobile millions. Geography, Vol. 73, Pt. 3, No. 320, Jun 1988. 216-25 pp. Sheffield, England. In Eng.
Recent trends concerning the mobility of the population of the Soviet capital of Moscow and its surrounding regions are reviewed. Consideration is given to planning policies since the 1917 Revolution and their impact on the city's population growth, residential mobility, daily circulation, and periodic movements. The author notes that "an outward dispersion of housing on a massive scale, necessitated by renewal of the central area and continued pressure from immigration, has extended the scale of daily internal circulation for work, shopping and cultural purposes by various transport modes. Moscow's daytime population is also augmented by commuters from beyond the city limits, while the surrounding rural areas themselves experience an influx of city dwellers at weekends and in summer to use the hinterland's leisure facilities."
Correspondence: C. Thomas, Department of Geography, University of Ulster, Coleraine, County Londonderry BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

54:30523 Tsubouchi, Yoshihiro. On the mobile character of the Malay village population: a feature of the post-settlement population of Galok, Kelantan. Southeast Asian Studies, Vol. 25, No. 3, Dec 1987. 164-75 pp. Kyoto, Japan. In Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
The author examines migration trends in Malay villages. "This report deals with the case of Galok, a settlement opened in the last decade of nineteenth century about 40 kilometers up the Kelantan River, based on field data collected in 1970/71 and 1984." The low rate of population growth due to migration is analyzed, with a focus on the impact of rural-urban migration and changes in household composition.
Correspondence: Y. Tsubouchi, Center for Southeast Asian Studies, Kyoto University, Shimoadachi-cho 46, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30524 Watanabe, Machiko. Economic development and internal migration in Thailand. IDCJ Working Paper Series, No. 36, Mar 1987. 35 pp. International Development Center of Japan: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"The purpose of this paper is to describe the characteristics of internal migration patterns in Thailand and their changes in relation to the economic structural changes caused by the past development. The changes in the 1970s are especially focused on." Data are from 1960, 1970, and 1980 censuses. The author finds that during the 1970s internal migration, especially intra-regional movement, declined; Bangkok became a more important migrant destination; upland agricultural areas, which received many migrants in the 1960s, declined in their absorption capacities; and the number of migrants from rice farming areas decreased.
Correspondence: International Development Center of Japan, Shuwa Daini Toranomon Building, 1-21-19, Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105, Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30525 White, Michael J.; Mueser, Peter R. Implications of boundary choice for the measurement of residential mobility. Demography, Vol. 25, No. 3, Aug 1988. 443-59 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"Analyses of residential mobility are usually conditioned on a system of geography in which territory is divided into discrete units. Types of movement are defined in terms of these units, the most important distinction being that between local mobility and migration. Here we examine explicitly the implications of the choice of the migration-defining boundary in the U.S. over the 1940-1980 period. We demonstrate how boundary choice influences the extent and character of selectivity of the mobile population by using demographic and social characteristics. It appears that over time the state line may be replacing the county line in distinguishing kinds of migrants. Further, our results point to a growing fraction of footloose migrants, not tied to local territory, identified by their migration history rather than demographic characteristics."
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1987 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 53, No. 3, Fall 1987, p. 395).
Correspondence: M. J. White, Population Studies Center, Urban Institute, 2100 M Street NW, Washington, D.C. 20037. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30526 Wilson, Franklin D. Aspects of migration in an advanced industrial society. American Sociological Review, Vol. 53, No. 1, Feb 1988. 113-26 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper tests the hypothesis that 1935-80 U.S. migration patterns both within and between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas and regions and migrant/nonmigrant educational differences reflect regional changes in socioeconomic development and settlement patterns. Gross migration flows support the mobility transition hypothesis and the idea that developmental changes in metropolitanization structure the context of migration. Since the Great Depression, socioeconomic transformations of the periphery have reduced differences in migration patterns between the periphery and core regions. While migrants still have more education than nonmigrants, their differences vary systematically by regional socioeconomic development."
This is a revised version of a paper presented at the 1987 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 53, No. 3, Fall 1987, p. 432).
Correspondence: F. D. Wilson, Center for Demography and Ecology, Social Science Building, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706. Location: Princeton University Library (PR).

H.4. Settlement and Resettlement

54:30527 Barth, Joachim. Population problems in the Far East of the USSR. [Bevolkerungsprobleme im Fernen Osten der Sowjetunion.] Berliner Geographische Studien, No. 20, 1986. 187-205 pp. Berlin, German Democratic Republic. In Ger. with sum. in Eng.
The demographic problems faced by the USSR in its Far Eastern regions are analyzed. The author notes that this sparsely populated region borders other Asian regions with denser populations and significantly higher rates of population increase. The efforts of Russian and Soviet authorities to increase population growth in the Soviet Far East, primarily through encouraging internal migration and the provision of special benefits and incentives for the region's population, are described.
Location: State University of New York at Binghamton, NY.

54:30528 Dmitriev, A. V.; Lola, A. M.; Mezhevich, M. N. Where the Soviet people live: socialist issues of managing settlement. [Gde zhivet sovetskii chelovek: sotsial'nye problemy upravleniya rasseleniem.] 1988. 218 pp. Mysl': Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
Socialist issues involved in managing settlement and development in the USSR are explored. Sections are included on socialist theories of settlement, social development and settlement under conditions of socialism, and methodological and organizational approaches to managing settlement.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

54:30529 Henriques, Maria H. F. de T. The demographic dynamics of a frontier area: Rondonia. [A dinamica demografica de uma area de fronteira: Rondonia.] Revista Brasileira de Geografia, Vol. 47, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1985. 317-56 pp. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In Por. with sum. in Eng.
This is the second in a three-part study evaluating the impact of Brazil's directed colonization policy in the frontier region of Rondonia. The focus of this article is on the policy's demographic impact. The author notes that the population of Rondonia increased by 450 percent from 1970 to 1980. The potential for natural increase is high, since the total fertility rate was 5.6 for urban areas and 6.8 for rural areas, and fertility in the region is higher than in other parts of the country. Commentary on the future of the region's population growth is included.
Correspondence: M. H. F. de T. Henriques, Fundacao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica, Av. Franklin Roosevelt 166, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

54:30530 Lappo, G. M. Dynamics of settlements in the USSR. [Dinamika rasseleniya v SSSR.] Voprosy Geografii, No. 129, LC 87-119462. 1986. 213 pp. Mysl': Moscow, USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
This is a collection of 19 papers by various authors on the dynamics of settlement in the USSR. The first section, on settlements, conditions, and factors of development, includes a paper on changes in the spatial distribution of the population between 1971 and 1981. The other two sections are concerned with the development of urban settlements and agglomerations and with rural settlements.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

54:30531 Weller, Robert H.; Serow, William J.; Bailey, Mohamed. Palestinian refugee statistics, digit preference and the Turner hypothesis. Population Bulletin of ESCWA, No. 31, Dec 1987. 5-23 pp. Baghdad, Iraq. In Eng.
"Registration data for Palestinian refugees compiled by UNRWA are examined for age heaping and digit preference in an effort to assess their general quality. The Myers' blended index is used and the Turner hypothesis of age heaping is tested. A relatively small amount of age heaping and digit preference in UNRWA data are observed, especially when compared with data from censuses conducted in countries in the Middle East. It has been found that the amount of digit preference has decreased through time and that it is less for males than for females. There are also variations by country. The conclusion is reached that the UNRWA data are useful but should be used with caution."
Correspondence: R. H. Weller, Center for the Study of Population, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

H.5. Temporary Migration

54:30532 Filina, V. N. Pendulum population migration and the formation of settlement systems. [Mayatnikovaya migratsiya naseleniya i formirovanie sistem rasseleniya.] Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR: Seriya Geograficheskaya, No. 4, Jul-Aug 1986. 37-46 pp. Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
Systems of circular migration existing in the USSR are described. The role that such migration plays in linking settlement systems is noted, and the influence of city size on migration is discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).

54:30533 Medrano, Lydia E. Migration and household characteristics: return migrants to Puerto Rico. Pub. Order No. DA8724933. 1987. 138 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This study evaluates the impact of migration and return migration on households in Puerto Rico. Interviews carried out in the city of Mayaguez generated data on the socioeconomic characteristics of return migrant heads of household and the domestic units to which they belong. The sample included return migrants with children enrolled in school in Puerto Rico and a comparable sample of nonmigrant households....Results show that economic reasons motivated the migration of Puerto Ricans to New York....Approximately one third of return migrant households were headed by a female. Almost half of them reported that change in marital status motivated their return to Puerto Rico....Return migrants have slightly lower annual family incomes compared to nonmigrants....Additional findings show returnees accumlated few resources during the migration period."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at the University of Florida.
Correspondence: University Microfilms International, 300 N. Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48106. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 48(8).

H.6. Rural-Urban Migration

54:30534 Bilsborrow, Richard; Fuller, Richard. Selectivity of rural migrants from the Sierra of Ecuador. [La selectividad de los emigrantes rurales de la sierra ecuatoriana.] Notas de Poblacion, Vol. 15, No. 44, Aug 1987. 77-103 pp. Santiago, Chile. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
"This paper examines characteristics of recent rural-urban out-migrants leaving households in the Sierra of Ecuador. A large, household survey focussing specifically on migration is utilized, allowing detailed crosstabulations by sex and origin-destination combination and providing information about migrants generally not found in more generic surveys or censuses. Differences are noted between migrants and non-migrants in basic demographic characteristics, reasons for migrating, and economic activities prior to and subsequent to moving. Differences in the characteristics of migrants moving between various types of place of origin and place of destination are also noted."
Correspondence: R. Bilsborrow, Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27514. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30535 Chan, Kam Wing. An analysis of net rural-urban migration in post-1949 China. Department of Geography Discussion Paper, No. 34, Jun 1987. iii, 44 pp. University of Toronto, Department of Geography: Toronto, Canada. In Eng.
"The objective of this study is to construct a series of annual net rural-urban migration estimates for post-1949 China, and to examine the temporal patterns of rural-urban migration and urbanization. The paper begins with a review of the problems in two recent estimations of China's net rural-urban migration. By tackling the existing problems, and making other necessary adjustments, a set of reasonably accurate migration estimates and an interpretative account of the trends and special features of rural-urban migration in post-1949 China are presented. It is shown that the rate of rural-urban migration exhibits enormous fluctuations due to heavy government intervention. Rural-urban migration has also played a far more important role in urban growth than was previously portrayed in the literature. The periods of high net migration also generally coincide with periods of better economic performance. Finally, the current trend of rural-urban migration is examined."
Correspondence: Department of Geography, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A1, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30536 Coombes, M. G.; Dalla Longa, R. Counterurbanisation in Britain and Italy: a comparative critique of the concept, causation and evidence. Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies Discussion Paper, No. 84, Sep 1987. 72 pp. University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies: Newcastle upon Tyne, England. In Eng.
"A brief review of the early counterurbanisation literature, primarily Transatlantic, suggests that the concept is poorly specified. A core definition is proposed by counterposing the notions of 'spillover' and 'clean break'--this is then refined through a structured critique of alternative hypotheses of the causes of counterurbanisation. Even the most robust causal mechanisms identified (shifts in the production sector and the role of the state) suffer from attempts to generalise them across time and space. The empirical analysis illustrates the limitations of 'universal' models when confronted with the different urban and industrial history and trends within and between Italy and Britain."
Correspondence: Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NEI 7RU, England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30537 Frey, William H. Migration and depopulation of the metropolis: regional restructuring or rural renaissance? American Sociological Review, Vol. 52, No. 2, Apr 1987. 240-57 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author examines post-1970 population redistribution shifts in the United States and their effects on metropolitan areas, using data from official and other published sources. "Migration processes that underlie these shifts...are evaluated in light of two theoretical perspectives....The regional restructuring perspective attributes recent losses to selective disinvestment in old manufacturing areas but anticipates gains to command and control center locations for expanded multilocational production organizations. The deconcentration perspective anticipates a pervasive diffusion of population associated with increasing locational flexibility of employers and residents. Redistribution shifts are evaluated by comparing the projected redistribution tendencies of the 1965-70 and 1975-80 migration streams for regions, metropolitan areas, and thirty-five individual metropolises. These comparisons support the deconcentration perspective."
Correspondence: W. H. Frey, Department of Sociology, 3012 L. S. and A. Building, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30538 Gupta, Manash R. Harris-Todaro migration-mechanism and the optimum development of the urban sector. Indian Economic Review, Vol. 22, No. 2, Jul-Dec 1987. 179-94 pp. Delhi, India. In Eng.
"A time-minimization problem of attaining a full-employment state is solved in a dual economy model where the rural-urban migration mechanism is of [the] Harris-Todaro type. The optimum solution may appear as a policy of urban development at the most rapid rate."
Correspondence: M. R. Gupta, Department of Economics, University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, India. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30539 Kontuly, Thomas; Vogelsang, Roland. Explanations for the intensification of counterurbanization in the Federal Republic of Germany. Professional Geographer, Vol. 40, No. 1, 1988. 42-54 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
Trends in counterurbanization, defined as the spatial deconcentration of regional population, are explored for the Federal Republic of Germany. "A counterurbanization pattern filtered-down from older to younger age-groups of the population, and appears related to an increasing preference for small-sized regions with natural amenities. For foreigners, a counterurbanization direction of movement can be explained by changes in immigration laws. While counterurbanization may be slowing down during the 1980s in certain developed countries, such as the United States, in the Federal Republic the phenomenon intensifies throughout the 1970-84 time period. Based on broad national demographic changes in combination with age-specific patterns of movement, this strong counterurbanization trend should continue well into the future."
Correspondence: T. Kontuly, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112. Location: Princeton University Library (SG).

54:30540 Schubert, Renate. Internal migration in developing countries: rationality of rural-urban migration. [Interne Migration in Entwicklungslandern: zur Rationalitat von Land-Stadt-Wanderungen.] Zeitschrift fur Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften, Vol. 107, No. 2, 1987. 207-23 pp. Berlin, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger. with sum. in Eng.
"In many developing countries there is a positive and nondecreasing rural-urban net migration. As a rule, making migration decisions jointly is advantageous for individual potential migrants and their families. Rationality of migration decisions depends on the specific character of the constituents of the basic decision model. In most cases, individual or family rationality of migration does not coincide with collective rationality. Trying to bring the two together requires trying to improve the coordinative function of main economic variables and trying to improve the decision makers' information."
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).

54:30541 Selier, Frits. Family and rural-urban migration in Pakistan: the case of Karachi. Urban Research Working Paper, No. 12, ISBN 90-6875-010-0. 1986. vi, 56 pp. Vrije Universiteit: Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
The characteristics of migration and migrants in Karachi, Pakistan, are studied using data from a 1984 survey of 286 migrants in squatter settlements in Karachi. Separate consideration is given to findings from the Christian and Moslem settlements. A conceptual model of circular migration is developed. The family as an important factor in migration is discussed, and motivations for and consequences of migration to urban areas are examined.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).

54:30542 Shefer, Daniel. The effect of agricultural price-support policies on interregional and rural-to-urban migration in Korea: 1976-1980. Regional Science and Urban Economics, Vol. 17, No. 3, Aug 1987. 333-44 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
The impact of rice price-support policies, designed to increase farmers' income and reduce rural-urban migration in the Republic of Korea, is examined for the period 1976-1980 using a polytomous logistic model. "Our findings revealed that the elasticity of migration with respect to rice yield per origin farm household is positive and is significantly different from zero. The elasticities of migration with respect to rate of urbanization, particularly urban concentration-agglomeration, and population size of the destination are also positive and are significantly different from zero....Our findings questioned the wisdom of employing rice price price-support programs as a viable policy for reducing interregional and rural-to-urban migration in Korea."
Correspondence: D. Shefer, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).