54:20778 Burch,
Thomas K. Age-sex roles and demographic change: an
overview. Canadian Studies in Population, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1987.
129-46 pp. Edmonton, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper
presents a framework for consideration of the mutual interrelationships
of demographic change and change in sex-roles. Possible or plausible
generalizations are set forth regarding implications for age-sex roles
of recent trends in fertility, union formation/dissolution, migration,
and household formation. Possible or plausible generalizations are set
forth regarding implications for demographic change of changes in age
and sex patterns of education and labour force participation, and of a
general increase in the homogeneity of age-sex roles." Official data
for Canada are used to support the hypotheses
presented.
Correspondence: T. K. Burch, Centre for Canadian
Population Studies, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A
3K7, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20779 Doescher,
Tabitha A.; Turner, John A. Social Security benefits and
the baby-boom generation. American Economic Review, Vol. 78, No.
2, May 1988. 76-80 pp. Nashville, Tennessee. In Eng.
The future of
the U.S. Social Security system is examined, with consideration given
to the impact of political forces. The Social Security
Administration's projections of future benefit levels are first
reviewed. The authors then present a theoretical model that postulates
"first, as the number of retirees increases relative to the number of
workers, the retirees acquire additional political power which can be
used to raise individual benefits. However, at the same time, the cost
of increasing individual benefits is greater, and this may lead to a
lowering of individual benefits." The results suggest that "the
benefits received by the baby-boom generation will be significantly
lower than those projected by the Social Security
Administration."
Correspondence: T. A. Doescher, Office of
Business and Economic Research, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater,
OK 74078. Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
54:20780 Dominican
Republic. Consejo Nacional de Poblacion y Familia [CONAPOFA] (Santo
Domingo, Dominican Republic). Population and society
(national seminar, 1983): summary. [Poblacion y sociedad
(seminario nacional, 1983): resumen.] [1985?]. 48 pp. Santo Domingo,
Dominican Republic. In Spa.
This is a summary of papers presented
at a seminar on population and society, held in the Dominican Republic
in October-November 1983. The aim of the seminar was to attain a
better understanding of the interrelations among population variables
and socioeconomic factors and their impact on development. Chapters
are included on the relationships among population and family
structure, food and agricultural production, changes in life
expectancy, labor force, the social status of women, ecology, basic
services, housing, health, and education. The production and use of
demographic data is briefly discussed, and population policies and
social development are considered.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20781 Ecuador.
Consejo Nacional de Desarrollo [CONADE] (Quito, Ecuador); United
Nations Fund for Population Activities [UNFPA] (New York, New
York). Population and social change: a socio-demographic
analysis of Ecuador, 1950-1982. [Poblacion y cambios sociales:
diagnostico sociodemografico del Ecuador: 1950-1982.] Biblioteca de
Ciencias Sociales, Vol. 13, 1987. 367, [8] pp. Quito, Ecuador. In Spa.
Population trends in Ecuador from 1950 to 1982 are analyzed using
census data. The focus is on the relationships among population
growth, structure, distribution, and social development. Consideration
is given to the impact of such factors as educational status,
residence, housing conditions, social services, levels of savings, and
socioeconomic status on differentials in mortality and fertility.
Internal migration trends, urbanization, and changes in spatial
distribution as well as the implications of these developments are
examined. Future population trends are discussed, together with their
anticipated impact on employment, health, education, and social
security.
Correspondence: Corporacion Editora Nacional,
Veintemilla y 12 de Octubre, Edif. Quito 12 El Giron W O. 51, P.O. Box
4147, Quito, Ecuador. Location: New York Public Library.
54:20782 Khasiani,
Shanyisa A. The role of the family in meeting the social
and economic needs of the aging population in Kenya. Genus, Vol.
43, No. 1-2, Jan-Jun 1987. 103-20 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng. with sum. in
Fre; Ita.
The author examines the extent to which modernization has
affected the ability of the family to meet the social and economic
needs of the aging population in Kenya. The results indicate that the
elderly, most of whom live alone, are still respected, although their
economic well-being has deteriorated as the extended family has given
way to the nuclear family. The need for government assistance to the
elderly is noted.
Correspondence: S. A. Khasiani,
Population Studies and Research Institute, University of Nairobi,
Nairobi, Kenya. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20783
Koesoebjono, Santo. Socio-demographic accounts:
framework to measure the dynamics of population. 1987. 23 pp.
Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek: Voorburg, Netherlands. In Eng.
"Socio-demographic accounts (SDA) are developed as a framework in
which statistical information on the societal and social situation of
the population, and changes therein, can be presented as a coherent
whole. These accounts present the relation between size and structure
of and trends in different population categories, permitting...an
insight into the dynamics of the population and living arrangements.
The development is based on a 'life-course model'. This paper
discusses the SDA on the societal life course of the population i.e. a
statistical description of positions individuals occupy in the course
of their life with respect to social activities." The geographical
focus is on the Netherlands.
Correspondence: Centraal
Bureau voor de Statistiek, Prinses Beatrixlaan 428, Postbus 959, 2270
AZ Voorburg, Netherlands. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20784 Leibowitz,
Arleen; Waite, Linda J.; Witsberger, Christina. Child care
for preschoolers: differences by child's age. Demography, Vol.
25, No. 2, May 1988. 205-20 pp. Alexandria, Virginia. In Eng.
"Because of the high rates of employment of mothers, a large and
increasing number of preschool children receive regular care from
someone else. This article develops and tests hypotheses about the
choice of child care arrangements for younger and older preschool
children, using data from the [U.S.] National Longitudinal Survey of
Young Women. We argue that appropriate care depends on the age of the
child. It includes care by the mother or a paid provider in the
child's home for children aged 0-2 and mother care and nursery school
or center care for those 3-5. We estimate models of the mother's
employment and choice of child care separately for younger and older
preschoolers. Our results show that need for care, presence of
substitutes for the mother, financial resources, and preferences all
affect both full-time care by the mother and the type of child care
chosen by working women, although they affect these two decisions in
different ways."
Correspondence: A. Leibowitz, Rand
Corporation, 1700 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90406.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20785 Lesthaeghe,
R.; Surkyn, J. Exchange, production and reproduction:
women in sub-Saharan demographic regimes. IPD Working Paper, No.
1988-1, 1988. 39, [12] pp. Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Interuniversity
Programme in Demography: Brussels, Belgium. In Eng.
Patterns of
social organization and exchange involving women, production, and
reproduction in sub-Saharan Africa are examined. The authors attempt
"to assess the impact of societal configurations of traits in social
organization (i.e. the translation of ethnicity) upon the postpartum
taboo and characteristics of the nuptiality regimes in sub-Saharan
Africa." Attention is given to the productive value of women, lineage
organization, Islamic and Christian penetrations, and female literacy.
NUPFILE-3, a database linking ethnographic and demographic information,
is used, and multivariate regression and Boolean analyses are
described. It is found that "polygyny and the long postpartum taboo
are strongly patterned by the traditional modes of production, lineage
organization and the Christian or Islamic penetrations, and much less
by aspects of recent socio-economic change (e.g. female literacy). By
contrast, ages at marriage show the opposite
effects."
Correspondence: IPD Vrije Universiteit Brussel,
Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20786 Morin,
Richard. The impact of demographic changes on housing
demand. [L'impact des changements demographiques sur la demande de
logements.] Canadian Studies in Population, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1987.
243-60 pp. Edmonton, Canada. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The effect
of demographic changes on housing demand in Canada is examined, with
particular attention to demographic aging, the growing number of small
households, and the diversification of household types. It is noted
that "older people, young adults and one parent families are increasing
in importance and are facing particular housing problems with respect
to affordability, residential autonomy and access to
services."
Correspondence: R. Morin, Departement d'Etudes
Urbaines, Universite du Quebec, CP 8888, Succursale A, Montreal, Quebec
H3C 3P8, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20787 Pool,
Ian. Population and social trends: implications for New
Zealand housing. National Housing Commission Research Paper, No.
86/3, ISBN 0-477-03815-8. LC 87-146194. Nov 1986. x, 154, xxi pp.
National Housing Commission: Wellington, New Zealand. In Eng.
Changes in population and social patterns in New Zealand and their
implications for housing policy are analyzed using 1981 census data.
The author argues that changes in composition rather than size should
be the main concern of those responsible for housing policy.
Consideration is given to regional needs.
Location: U.S.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
54:20788
Rybakovskii, L. L. The significance of demographic
processes in the social development of the USSR. [Znachenie
demograficheskikh protsessov v obshchestvennom razvitii SSSR.] In:
Demograficheskoe razvitie v SSSR, edited by L. L. Rybakovskii.
Demografiya: Problemy i Perspektivy, 1985. 5-16 pp. Mysl': Moscow,
USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The author discusses the
significance of demographic factors in the social development of the
USSR. The current demographic situation is outlined, and changes in
reproductive behavior and vital rates are analyzed. The evolution of
demographic research is considered.
Location: U.S. Library
of Congress, Washington, D.C.
54:20789 South,
Scott J.; Trent, Katherine. Sex ratios and women's roles:
a cross-national analysis. American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 93,
No. 5, Mar 1988. 1,096-115 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"Data for
a sample of 117 countries are analyzed to test several hypotheses
derived from the Guttentag-Secord theory relating societal-level sex
ratios to women's status and roles. The theory implies that high sex
ratios, which indicate a relative undersupply of women, will be
positively associated with the proportion of women who marry and the
fertility rate and negatively associated with women's average age at
marriage, rates of divorce and illegitimacy, and female rates of
literacy, labor-force participation, and suicide. Although the
bivariate correlations between the sex ratio at ages 15-49 and these
dimensions of women's roles provide little support for the theory, most
of the expected relationships emerge when the level of socioeconomic
development, as measured by a multi-item index, is statistically
controlled. Additional analyses indicate that the effect of the sex
ratio on women's roles is more pronounced in developed than in
developing countries."
Correspondence: S. J. South,
Department of Sociology, State University of New York, Albany, NY
12222. Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
54:20790 Fukuda,
Takeo. Population and survival. Populi, Vol. 14, No.
3, 1987. 11-4 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
This is a general
overview of three factors that the author views as threats to world
peace--the East-West political conflict, the global economic situation,
and the problem of population and economic development. In addition,
the increasing depletion of the world's natural resources by a rapidly
growing population is noted. The need for coordination among
government and religious leaders in formulating effective population
policy is stressed.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:20791 Levy,
Michel L. Election and population. [Election et
population.] Population et Societes, No. 222, Mar 1988. 4 pp. Institut
National d'Etudes Demographiques [INED]: Paris, France. In Fre.
mod
8179iew of recent demographic developments in France is provided using
official data, the most recent of which are for 1987. A drop in the
number of deaths and little change in the numbers of marriages and
births between 1986 and 1987 are noted. Particular attention is given
to changes in the electorate since 1978 in view of the 1988
presidential elections.
Correspondence: INED, 27 Rue du
Commandeur, 75675 Paris, Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20792 Mumford,
Stephen D. The pope and the new apocalypse: the holy war
against family planning. ISBN 0-937307-00-9. LC 86-70854. 1986.
viii, 82 pp. Center for Research on Population and Security: Research
Triangle Park, North Carolina. In Eng.
The author cirtically
examines the positions of both the U.S. government and the Catholic
church concerning population growth, birth control, and women's rights,
with a focus on the growing public opposition to such positions. He
develops the hypothesis that the seriousness of the global population
crisis requires solutions that involve voluntary legal abortion as well
as contraception. He asserts that the attack on the legality of
abortion in the United States and elsewhere is directed primarily by
the Catholic church and that this attack on abortion involves an
implied attack on both the right to family planning and issues of
individual freedom and national security in the United
States.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
54:20793 Ogden,
Philip. Immigration, cities and the geography of the
National Front in France. In: Foreign minorities in continental
European cities, edited by Gunther Glebe and John O'Loughlin.
Erdkundliches Wissen, No. 84, 1987. 163-83 pp. Franz Steiner:
Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Eng.
"The purpose of
this chapter is, first, to outline recent trends in immigration to
France and to pinpoint the role of the cities; and secondly, in the
light of policy changes under Presidents Giscard d'Estaing and
Mitterrand, to illustrate the strength of the urban immigrant issue by
reference to the rise of the National Front and, in particular, its
pattern of votes at the European Parliamentary elections in
1984."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20794 Peng,
Xizhe. Demographic consequences of the Great Leap Forward
in China's provinces. Population and Development Review, Vol. 13,
No. 4, Dec 1987. 639-70, 763-4, 766 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"This article examines the demographic
consequences of China's Great Leap Forward--the massive and ultimately
unsuccessful drive during 1958-62 to leap ahead in production by
mobilizing society and reorganizing the peasantry into large-scale
communes. Severe excess mortality and massive fertility shortfalls are
documented, but with wide variations among provinces and between rural
and urban areas. The demographic crisis was caused, in the first
instance, by nationwide food shortages. However, these are
attributable to declines in grain production, entitlement failure, and
changes in consumption patterns, all of which are ultimately traceable
to political and economic policies connected with the Great
Leap."
Correspondence: X. Peng, London School of Economics
and Political Science, Houghton Street, Aldwych, London WC2A 2AE,
England. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20795 Brouard,
Nicolas. AIDS: incubation period, growth rate, net
reproduction rate. [SIDA: duree d'incubation, taux de croissance,
taux de reproduction nette.] Population, Vol. 42, No. 6, Nov-Dec 1987.
797-818 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
An
attempt is made to apply demographic analysis to the study of the AIDS
epidemic. Specifically, an epidemiological model based on the
classical concept of population replacement developed by Lotka is
applied to the subpopulation represented by HIV-positive individuals.
"Three parameters are involved in the theory: the virus's incubation
period, its rate of growth and the average number of cases infected by
a seropositive carrier. The first two can be and are calculated by an
in-depth study, and the third can be deduced from them. Under certain
assumptions relating to stability, particularly as regards the current
growth rate, [an] HIV-positive carrier will infect 0.7 healthy
individuals per year. The model suggested also focuses on new
HIV-positive carriers who are approximately two times more numerous
than the number of individuals infected n years earlier and who,
generally unaware of the fact that they are carriers, continue to
transmit the virus unknowingly. Any public health campaign must take
this fact into account."
Correspondence: N. Brouard,
Institut National d'Etudes Demographiques, 27 Rue du Commandeur, 75675
Paris Cedex 14, France. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:20796 Bui, Dang
Ha Doan. The future of health and health care systems in
the industrialized societies. ISBN 0-275-92491-2. LC 87-7292.
1988. x, 294 pp. Praeger: New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
This is a collection of papers by different authors on the future
of health and health care systems in developed countries. The approach
is interdisciplinary, and the contributors are from fields including
demography, public administration, management, and health sciences. A
section on the impact of demographic aging contains papers on the
situation in Norway, the Federal Republic of Germany, and New
Zealand.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20797 Gregory,
Joel W.; Piche, Victor. Population, health, and
development: conceptual framework, key variables, and methodological
possibilities. [Population, sante et developpement: cadre
conceptuel, variables cles et possibilites methodologiques.] Collection
de Tires a Part, No. 225, [1986]. [46] pp. Universite de Montreal,
Departement de Demographie: Montreal, Canada. In Fre.
Relationships
between health and population developments are studied, with particular
attention to causal relationships among population, health, and
development in the Sahelian region of Western Africa. Three analytical
frameworks for examining health in relation to mortality and morbidity
are outlined, and significant variables are identified. The authors
present a synthetic model that takes into account the interaction of a
unified demographic system, involving fertility, mortality, and
migration, with health factors. Related research conducted by the
Institut du Sahel is reviewed, and the contributions of micro-level
case studies are emphasized.
This paper is reprinted from "Les actes
du seminaire methodologique sur les interrelations population, sante et
developpement," Ottawa, Canada, 1986, pp.
33-78.
Correspondence: Departement de Demographie,
Universite de Montreal, CP 6128, Succursale A, Montreal, Quebec H3C
3J7, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20798 Pharoah, P.
O. D.; Alberman, E. D. Annual statistical review.
Archives of Disease in Childhood, Vol. 62, No. 7, Jul 1987. 745-51 pp.
London, England. In Eng.
This is the first in a planned annual
series of reviews concerning national statistics on children in the
United Kingdom. Topics to be covered include demographic trends,
mortality, morbidity, behavior, and use of health and social services.
"This first review introduces some of these data, their source, and
recent trends."
Correspondence: P. O. D. Pharoah,
Department of Community Health, University of Liverpool, P.O. Box 147,
Liverpool L69 3BX, England. Location: New York Academy of
Medicine.
54:20799 Ranuh, I.
G. N. Gde. Pattern of child morbidity and mortality in
Indonesia. Journal of the Singapore Paediatric Society, Vol. 29,
Suppl. 1, 1987. 13-23 pp. Singapore. In Eng.
Recent trends in child
morbidity and mortality in Indonesia are reviewed. The focus is on
efforts to develop a national program to provide adequate basic health
services.
Correspondence: I. G. N. G. Ranuh, Indonesian
Paediatric Association, Medical School, Airlangga University, Surabaya,
East Java, Indonesia. Location: U.S. National Library of
Medicine, Bethesda, MD.
54:20800 Remennik,
L. I. Reproductive behavior and cancer in women.
[Reproduktivnoe povedenie i onkologicheskie zabolevaniya u zhenshchin.]
In: Detnost' sem'i: vchera, segodnya, zavtra, edited by L. L.
Rybakovskii. Demografiya: Problemy i Perspektivy, 1986. 157-70, 201
pp. Mysl': Moscow, USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
"The author
states some causal associations between fertility decline and
prevalence of cancer in women. It is shown how [a] small number of
children [ever] born, postponement of childbearing to later ages and
other characteristics of modern reproductive behavior become cancer
risk factors. [The author also considers] how historic fluctuations of
marriage and childbearing patterns of...Soviet women affect current and
future cancer incidence trends in the USSR."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20801 Sawyer,
Donald R.; Sawyer, Diana R. T. O. Malaria on the Amazon
frontier: economic and social aspects of transmission and
control. CEDEPLAR Relatorio de Pesquisa, Mar 1987. 84, [27] pp.
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Centro de Desenvolvimento e
Planejamento Regional [CEDEPLAR]: Belo Horizonte, Brazil. In Eng. with
sum. in Por.
This report provides preliminary results from a 1985
survey concerning malaria transmission and control in the Machadinho
settlement in Ariquemes, Rondonia, Brazil. The survey covered 1,777
individuals in 358 households. The results show a high prevalence of
malaria but low mortality. The implications for programs of malaria
prevention and control are stressed.
Correspondence:
CEDEPLAR, Rua Curitiba 832, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20802 Tsui, Amy
O.; DeClerque, Julia; Mangani, Nlandu. Maternal and
sociodemographic correlates of child morbidity in Bas Zaire: the
effects of maternal reporting. Social Science and Medicine, Vol.
26, No. 7, 1988. 701-13 pp. Elmsford, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Cross-sectional survey data, collected in Bas Zaire [in 1983 and
1984] from the mothers of 1,200 urban and 1,670 rural children born in
the last 5 years, are used to assess variations in diarrheal, malarial,
helminthic, and other child morbidities by selected household, maternal
and child factors. In a multivariate analysis, we focus on maternal
age and birth order as determinants of recent illnesses to observe any
parallels in their effects on child mortality. These relationships are
found after adjusting for bias from differential maternal perceptions
of illnesses."
Correspondence: A. O. Tsui, Carolina
Population Center, University of North Carolina, University Square
300A, Chapel Hill, NC 27514-3997. Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
54:20803 Allen,
Gordon; Redekop, Calvin W. Old Colony Mennonites in
Mexico: migration and inbreeding. Social Biology, Vol. 34, No.
3-4, Fall-Winter 1987. 166-79 pp. Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"This
report presents migration and surname data from a human isolate and
attempts to explain the inbreeding inferred from surnames in terms of
numerical history and recent migration patterns." The data, from
church records and a 1967 survey, concern Old Colony Mennonites who
migrated to Mexico in the 1920s.
Correspondence: G. Allen,
National Institute of Mental Health, U.S. Public Health Service,
Washington, D.C. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20804 Betzig,
Laura; Mulder, Monique B.; Turke, Paul. Human reproductive
behaviour: a Darwinian perspective. Cambridge Studies in
Biological Anthropology, ISBN 0-521-32738-5. LC 87-6629. 1987. vii, 363
pp. Cambridge University Press: New York, New York/Cambridge, England.
In Eng.
Human mating and parenting behaviors are examined from a
Darwinian perspective in this collection of 20 papers by
anthropologists, biologists, and psychologists. The emphasis is on
studies using quantitative data. The first part includes 9 studies on
mating and marriage patterns in different societies. The second part
has 10 studies on parenting and reproduction and the factors affecting
them. There is no specific geographic or time period focus. A
detailed subject index to the entire volume is
included.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20805 Betzig,
Laura L. Despotism and differential reproduction: a
Darwinian view of history. ISBN 0-202-01171-2. LC 85-20010. 1986.
xi, 171 pp. Aldine: New York, New York. In Eng.
The author
critically examines the Darwinian hypothesis that power is exploited by
despots in order to favor and increase their reproduction of offspring.
Ethnographic and historical data for a sample of over 100 societies
around the world are used to explore when and how men and women have
abused their power to resolve conflicts in their own interest. The
author then reviews methods by which successful men have increased
their reproductive advantage, including harems, polygyny, and
claustration.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
54:20806 Imaizumi,
Yoko. Parental consanguinity in two generations in
Japan. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 20, No. 2, Apr 1988.
235-43 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"A survey of consanguineous
marriages in Japan in couples and their parents was conducted in 1983
through questionnaires. The total number of couples studied was 9,225;
they were chosen from six widely different areas of the country. The
kinship coefficient between parents did not decrease with the year of
birth. Thus, the recent decline in the frequency of consanguineous
marriages in Japan seems to be largely a post-World War II phenomenon.
The kinship decreases with marital distance in the parental generation,
and socioeconomic class (level of education and occupation) effects are
small by comparison with those of the present generation. The rate of
consanguinity is significantly higher in the older generation for
almost all areas. The kinship between spouses is less than a half of
that in parents for the whole of Japan. Geographical variation in the
rate of consanguinity is more remarkable in spouses than parental
couples."
Correspondence: Y. Imaizumi, Institute of
Population Problems, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 1-2-2
Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20807
Kaupen-Haas, Heidrun. The grip on the population:
the actuality and continuity of Nazi population policy. [Der Griff
nach der Bevolkerung: Aktualitat und Kontinuitat nazistischer
Bevolkerungspolitik.] Schriften der Hamburger Stiftung fur
Sozialgeschichte des 20. Jahrhunderts, Vol. 1, ISBN 3-89190-952-7.
1986. 179 pp. Franz Greno: Nordlingen, Germany, Federal Republic of;
Delphi Politik: Nordlingen, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
This is a collection of articles on the relationship between
eugenics and racial policy in Nazi Germany on the one hand and
modern-day genetic and reproductive technology on the other. Topics
considered include classical genetics and its effects on population
biology in the Third Reich; fertility regulation and human economy:
the conferences on sexual reform, 1921-1930; the mission of the
evangelical church and its population policy program; population
planners as specialists in population and racial policy; Hans Wilhelm
Jurgens, a representative of West German population research; and human
betterment, forced sterilization, and test-tube babies. It is argued
that genetics and reproductive technology are not new sciences and that
they laid the foundation for population policy not only in Nazi Germany
but at an international level.
Location: New York Public
Library.
54:20808 Masaki,
Motofumi; Koizumi, Akira. Demographic characteristics and
their genetic implications in a small island. Journal of Biosocial
Science, Vol. 20, No. 2, Apr 1988. 225-34 pp. Cambridge, England. In
Eng.
"The family registration records from a village population in
a small island of Japan are used to assess the effect of demographic
differentiation within a population on genetic measures. When the
couples studied are classified by birth cohorts and origins, wives of
the couples where one spouse came from elsewhere were older at marriage
and had a shorter duration of marriage or registration than wives where
both spouses were natives of the village. The mean number of offspring
is statistically smaller in the former except for the latest cohort,
due mainly to out-migration during the reproductive ages which also
resulted in low rates of marriage among the offspring within the
village. This leads to a small effective population size and an
increased likelihood of genetic drift in the overall population." The
data are for the period from 1890 through the
1970s.
Correspondence: M. Masaki, Department of Public
Health, University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20809 Moore, Mary
J. Inbreeding and reproductive parameters among Mennonites
in Kansas. Social Biology, Vol. 34, No. 3-4, Fall-Winter 1987.
180-6 pp. Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"The relationship between
inbreeding and certain reproductive parameters was studied by analyzing
the reproductive history questionnaires collected from 194 women who
attended a research clinic in the Mennonite community of Goessel,
Kansas [in 1980 using data from local Mennonite sources]....Five
reproductive parameters, age of menarche, age of menopause, length of
reproductive span, number of children, and fetal wastage, were compared
in inbred and noninbred women. There is no consistent evidence that
absence of inbreeding or degree of inbreeding...significantly affects
these reproductive parameters in this sample of Mennonite
women."
Correspondence: M. J. Moore, Department of
Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20810 Relethford,
John H. Heterogeneity of long-distance migration in
studies of genetic structure. Annals of Human Biology, Vol. 15,
No. 1, Jan-Feb 1988. 55-63 pp. London, England. In Eng. with sum. in
Fre; Ger.
"The purpose of this paper is to use historical
demographic data to assess variation in rates of long-distance
migration, variation in the origin of long-distance migrants, and
expected genetic effects of heterogeneity of long-distance migrants."
The data are from marriage records of four towns in Massachusetts for
the period 1800-1849. "Surname analysis shows that in spite of the
violation of the assumption of long-distance migrant homogeneity, there
is little effect on the degree and pattern of within-group and
among-group variation....This lack of effect seems related to genetic
homogeneity of the long distance migrants."
Correspondence:
J. H. Relethford, Department of Anthropology, State University of New
York College of Oneonta, Oneonta, NY 13820-1370. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20811 Tavare,
Simon. The birth process with immigration, and the
genealogical structure of large populations. Journal of
Mathematical Biology, Vol. 25, No. 2, 1987. 161-8 pp. Heidelberg,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Eng.
"This paper studies a version
of the birth and immigration process in which families are followed in
the order of their appearance. This age structure is related to a
number of results from population genetics, in particular the
genealogical structure of the infinitely-many neutral alleles model.
The asymptotic behavior of this genealogy is an easy consequence of the
structure of the age-ordered family size
process."
Correspondence: S. Tavare, Mathematics
Department, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112.
Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, MD.
