54:20646 Boserup,
Ester. Population and technology in preindustrial
Europe. Population and Development Review, Vol. 13, No. 4, Dec
1987. 691-701, 764, 766 pp. New York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in
Fre; Spa.
"Most of the production in preindustrial European
villages and towns was organized in family enterprises. This
organization and the marriage system in these families resulted in a
fertility rate that was low enough and a rate of savings that was high
enough to secure the amount of investment necessary to accommodate the
increasing population. Concentration of specialized producers and the
intellectual elite in towns facilitated technology transfer from more
advanced regions and, later, the invention of new technologies.
Because of these developments, the large demographic setbacks were not,
as often assumed, subsistence crises due to population pressure on
land; rather, they were the result of internecine warfare and
epidemics, which were endemic in preindustrial
Europe."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20647 Carbajo
Isla, Maria F. The population of the city of Madrid: from
the end of the sixteenth to the middle of the nineteenth century.
[La poblacion de la villa de Madrid: desde finales del siglo XVI hasta
mediados del siglo XIX.] Economia y Demografia, ISBN 84-323-0612-6. Nov
1987. xiv, 402 pp. Siglo Veintiuno de Espana Editores: Madrid, Spain.
In Spa.
The author examines demographic trends in Madrid, Spain,
from the end of the sixteenth to the middle of the nineteenth century.
Data sources are first described; these include parish records,
censuses and surveys, and various documentary evidence on charities,
food provision, epidemics, and grain prices. The first section of the
book contains parish information on baptisms, marriages, deaths, and
migration. The second section, on the estimation of the population,
includes chapters on residents and church members from the end of the
sixteenth to the end of the seventeenth century; surveys and population
censuses in the eighteenth century; censuses and trends in the first
half of the nineteenth century; and characteristics of the demographic
evolution of Madrid. Tabular data on which the analysis is based are
provided in appendixes.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20648 Cordell,
Dennis D.; Gregory, Joel W.; Piche, Victor. African
historical demography: the search for a theoretical framework.
Collection de Tires a Part, No. 227, [1987]. [19] pp. Universite de
Montreal, Departement de Demographie: Montreal, Canada. In Eng.
This is an introduction to a collection of case studies concerning
African historical demography. The focus is on theoretical
interpretations that are distinct from demographic transition theory.
Attention is given to materialist analysis, including Marxist theory,
and to strategies for the production and reproduction of the labor
force in Africa.
This paper is reprinted from "African Population
and Capitalism: Historical Perspectives," Boulder, CO, Westview Press,
1987, pp. 14-32.
Correspondence: Departement de
Demographie, Universite de Montreal, CP 6128, Succursale A, Montreal,
Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:20649
Fauve-Chamoux, Antoinette. The single woman--an
urban phenomenon. [Kobieta samotna--zjawisko miejskie.] Przeszlosc
Demograficzna Polski, Vol. 17, 1987. 207-19 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
with sum. in Eng.
The author uses data from church registers and
from the census of 1802 to present a profile of single women in Rheims,
France. The study involved 3,880 people in 1,000 households. Half of
the adult females over age 20 were found to be married; the rest were
"unmarried women, widows and divorcees, as well as abandoned women,
either with or without children....For every four households, one was
headed by a woman and every second one by an unmarried woman."
Socioeconomic factors associated with the status of women are
discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20650 Gorna,
Krystyna. A demographic analysis of Lower Silesian church
records in the Rzasnik parish for the period 1794-1874. [Analiza
demograficzna metryk Dolnoslaskiej parafii Rzasnik z lat 1794-1874.]
Przeszlosc Demograficzna Polski, Vol. 17, 1987. 185-205 pp. Warsaw,
Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng.
"This article is the first
post-war attempt at a demographic analysis of Lower Silesian parish
upon the basis of church records. The source material was examined
using the method of reconstruction of families." Accounting for the
years 1794-1874, the records provide information on marriage age and
socioeconomic status, maternal age, illegitimate births, mortality, and
infant mortality. Demographic characteristics of this Protestant
community are compared with those of Catholic parishes of Upper
Silesia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20651 Gorny,
Marek. The significance of the status animarum of the
parish of Szaradowo in 1766. [Wartosc zrodlowa status animarum
parafii Szaradowo z 1766 r.] Przeszlosc Demograficzna Polski, Vol. 17,
1987. 165-84 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng.
The
status animarum, a document produced in Szaradowo, Poland, in 1766 and
containing demographic data, is evaluated. Family reconstitution based
on church registers for the years 1720-1800 is used to determine the
document's accuracy. Data on age, sex, religious composition,
nationality, and household characteristics are
presented.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20652 Husbands,
Chris. Regional change in a pre-industrial economy:
wealth and population in England in the sixteenth century and
seventeenth century. Journal of Historical Geography, Vol. 13, No.
4, Oct 1987. 345-59 pp. New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
The author develops a method to analyze long-term trends in
regional economic structure in England based on data from lay subsidy
returns for the years 1524-1525 and hearth taxes from the 1660s. Two
statistical indexes of redistribution are proposed. The author then
analyzes the redistribution of wealth and population over the sixteenth
and seventeenth centuries, with emphasis on urbanization and
proto-industrialization. Some theoretical explanations of such spatial
changes are presented.
Correspondence: C. Husbands, 17
Beatrice Road, Thorpe Hamlet, Norwich NR1 4BB, England.
Location: New York Public Library.
54:20653 Janczak,
Julian K. The statistics of the population of the Kingdom
of Poland, 1845-1866. [Statystyka ludnosci krolestwa Polskiego,
1845-1866.] Przeszlosc Demograficzna Polski, Vol. 17, 1987. 127-64 pp.
Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng.
"This article is the
third part of a more general work which is intended to provide material
for a basic revision and correction of official statistics in order to
obtain the real population data for the Kingdom of Poland. The author
presents the activity of the Statistical Department of the Government
Commission of the Interior and the source basis of the work, the
official statistics dating from the 1845-1866 period, ways of
collecting data, reasons for population changes and the quality of
statistics in the eyes of institutions especially established to gather
data, [and] results obtained in the course of a general exchange of
population records in 1865 and their publication as well as the
statistics of the natural mobility of the
population."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20654 Litchfield,
R. Burr. Single people in the nineteenth-century city: a
comparative perspective on occupations and living situations.
Continuity and Change, Vol. 3, No. 1, May 1988. 6, 8, 83-100 pp.
Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"This essay presents some results of an
investigation of the living situation and employment of single people
in the nineteenth-century city." The data are from city censuses taken
during the nineteenth century and concern Pisa, Italy (both town and
country); Amiens, France; Stockport, England; and Providence, Rhode
Island. The author concludes that "it was not until the twentieth
century, with rising incomes and the change in family relationships
that accompanied the fall of fertility, that single people began to
fain the independence of living arrangements which they enjoy
today."
Correspondence: R. B. Litchfield, Department of
History, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912. Location:
Princeton University Library (SF).
54:20655 Ogden, P.
E. Historical demography. In: Historical geography:
progress and prospect, edited by Michael Pacione. 1987. 217-49 pp.
Croom Helm: Wolfeboro, New Hampshire/London, England. In Eng.
A
general introduction to the discipline of historical demography is
presented in the form of a review of the relevant literature, with
emphasis on its relationship to historical geographic studies. Topics
covered include Malthus, fertility, and marriage; the demographic
transition; family and household; and migration. The author stresses
the development of sophisticated methodology, the broad relevance of
demographic factors to the study of many historical questions, and the
importance of geographical variations. The primary geographical focus
is on the United Kingdom, but examples from around the world are
included.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20656 Peck,
Thomas R. The demographic history of an English coal
mining parish: Houghton-le-Spring County Durham, 1660-1820. Pub.
Order No. DA8726709. 1987. 294 pp. University Microfilms International:
Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
Population growth between 1660 and
1820 in Houghton-le-Spring, a coal-mining parish in England, is
studied. Evidence is presented of an increase in marital fertility, a
decrease in age at marriage, and positive net migration into the area.
An increase in the mortality level and a decline in life expectancy
during this period, particularly among coal miners, are also observed.
Economic and historical explanations of factors influencing population
growth are outlined.
This work was prepared as a doctoral
dissertation at Ohio State University.
Source: Dissertation
Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 48(9).
54:20657 Saignes,
Thierry. New sources on the demographic history of the
Southern Andes (sixteenth to eighteenth centuries). [Nuevas
fuentes para la historia demografica del Sur Andino (siglo XVI a
XVIII).] Latin American Population History Newsletter, No. 13, Fall
1987. 16-21 pp. Minneapolis, Minnesota. In Spa.
The author
describes and evaluates some little-known sources of data on the
Southern Andes for the period from the sixteenth to the eighteenth
century.
Correspondence: T. Saignes, Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Hautes Etudes de Amerique Latines,
28 Rue Saint-Guillaume, 75007 Paris, France. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20658 Sulowski,
Zygmunt. An assessment of nineteenth-century demographic
statistics for the Lublin region. 1. The schematic descriptions of
the Roman Catholic diocese of Lublin in the years between 1823 and
1874. [Ocena XIX-wiecznych statystyk demograficznych
Lubelszczyzny. 1. Schematyzmy rzymskokatolickiej diecezji Lubelskiej z
lat 1823-1874.] Przeszlosc Demograficzna Polski, Vol. 17, 1987. 89-125
pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng.
"This report is
conceived as a contribution to the verification of demographic
statistics of the Polish territories in the course of the nineteenth
century." The author uses the example of the Roman Catholic diocese of
Lublin to demonstrate the availability and reliability of demographic
data for the years 1823-1874. The detection of misinformation and
subsequent corrections are discussed, and the improvement of record
keeping over time is noted.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20659 Bideau,
Alain. Orphans and adult mortality: the French case from
1740 to 1829. [Os orfaos e a mortalidade dos adultos: o exemplo
frances de 1740 a 1829.] Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao,
Vol. 3, No. 2, Jul-Dec 1986. 1-21 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In Por. with
sum. in Eng.
The author describes an indirect method of estimating
adult mortality that is based on data from marriage records and whether
parents were alive at the time of the child's marriage. The focus of
the present article is on adult mortality as estimated from data on
orphan brides and grooms in France between 1740 and 1829. The analysis
emphasizes the importance of data quality and the value of indirect
methods to estimate mortality.
Correspondence: A. Bideau,
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20660 Bouchard,
Gerard; Roy, Raymond; Casgrain, Bernard. The automatic
reconstitution of families: the SOREP system. [Reconstitution
automatique des familles: le systeme SOREP.] SOREP Dossier, No. 2,
ISBN 2-920803-01-8. 1985. xxiv, 521; iv, 224 pp. Centre Universitaire
de Recherches sur les Populations [SOREP]: Chicoutimi, Canada. In Fre.
The system of automatic family reconstitution using computers
developed by the SOREP team in Canada is described. The system of
matching names in historical parish records is characterized by the
extent of its automation, its unique system of matching similarities in
names, its method of dealing with problem matches, its critical
evaluation of data and matches, and a concern with performance in terms
of efficiency and accuracy. The report is in two volumes. The first
volume describes the present stage of research, introduces the data for
the population of Saguenay, and details the methodology. The second
volume consists of appendixes, mostly illustrating the product of the
system.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20661 Nault,
Francois; Desjardins, Bertrand. Recent advances in
computerized population registers. Historical Methods, Vol. 21,
No. 1, Winter 1988. 29-33 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper
focuses on the present methodology of computerized population registers
and on the possible next generation of such systems. For these
registers to survive their founders and serve multiple purposes, they
must be designed as evolving (as opposed to static) entities; the
central element of such an approach would be a dynamic updating
facility. In our view, this poses a major challenge to both
demographers and computer scientists." The paper is based on experience
with the reconstitution of the Quebec population from 1608-1760, which
was undertaken by the Research Program in Historical Demography at the
University of Montreal.
Correspondence: F. Nault,
Department of Demography, University of Montreal, CP 6128, Succursale
A, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20662 Steckel,
Richard H. Census matching and migration: a research
strategy. Historical Methods, Vol. 21, No. 2, Spring 1988. 52-60
pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The need for adequate historical
migration data in order to examine the economic, social, political, and
demographic development of the United States is discussed. The author
"explains an approach to the data problem that links families sampled
from manuscript schedules of the 1860 census with the 1850 census by
means of state-level indexes of household heads....The approach
proposed in this paper has the following advantages: widespread
coverage of the population; inclusion of socioeconomic information from
the manuscript schedules of the federal census; geographic resolution
of origin and destination at the county level; geographic coverage of
all regions; and measurement of gross as well as net flows."
Limitations of the proposed method are
outlined.
Correspondence: R. H. Steckel, Economics
Department, Ohio State University, 190 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH
43210. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
