54:20047 Cambrezy,
Luc. Environment and population density: resorting to
history. [Environnement et densites de population: le recours a
l'histoire.] Cahiers d'Etudes Africaines, Vol. 26, No. 1-2; 101-102,
1986. 63-73, 287 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The
relationship between environment and population density is explored
using the examples of Rwanda and Burundi. The need to take locational
data as well as historical precedent into account is
noted.
Correspondence: L. Cambrezy, ORSTOM, Montpellier,
France. Location: New York Public Library.
54:20048 Champion,
A. G. Recent changes in the pace of population
deconcentration in Britain. Geoforum, Vol. 18, No. 4, 1987.
379-401 pp. Elmsford, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper
uses the official annual population estimates to examine changes in the
scale of urban-rural shift in the distribution of the British
population since the 1960s. These reveal that the level of population
deconcentration at regional and more local scales stood at its highest
at the beginning of the 1970s and that since the mid 1970s the rate of
population loss experienced by London and several other large cities
has diminished markedly. An analysis of the components of population
change reveals that trends in net migration have been primarily
responsible, though generally reinforced by trends in natural change
rates. It is concluded that...most of [the 1970s] featured the
downwave of a longer cycle of decentralisation which had its origins at
least as early as the first half of the
1960s."
Correspondence: A. G. Champion, Department of
Geography, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1
7RU, England. Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.
54:20049 Glukhanova,
G. L. Features of urban and rural population dynamics in
the Ukrainian SSR. [Osobennosti Dinamiki gorodskogo i sel'skogo
naseleniya Ukrainskoi SSR.] Demograficheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 11,
1987. 126-30 pp. Kiev, USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
Quantitative
changes in the urban and rural populations of the Ukrainian SSR are
analyzed, with a focus on the increased population in towns of various
sizes during the period 1959-1984.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20050 Porosenkov,
Yu. V. Changes in population distribution in the USSR,
1970-1981. [Osnovnye izmeneniya v razmeshchenii naseleniya SSSR za
1970-1981 gg.] Voprosy Geografii, Vol. 129, 1986. 40-52 pp. Moscow,
USSR. In Rus.
Regional differences in population distribution in
the USSR and their consequences are reviewed. The author notes that
the European part of the USSR has a diminishing natural resource base
and more than two-thirds of the country's population, but still has
problems finding a large enough labor force. The eastern region is
rich in natural resources but short of population. The southern region
has a rapidly growing population, but one that is reluctant to migrate
to other regions, and the limited natural resources of the region are
causing problems in developing suitable employment opportunities to
meet the demand.
Location: Columbia University Library, New
York, NY.
54:20051 Vnukov, A.
A. Population dynamics in the Ukrainian SSR
(1959-1984). [Dinamika chislennosti naseleniya Ukrainskoi SSR
(1959-1984 gg.).] Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR: Seriya
Geograficheskaya, No. 4, Jul-Aug 1987. 53-61 pp. Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
Changes in the spatial distribution of the population of the
Ukraine between 1959 and 1984 are analyzed. Attention is given to
changes in the rural and urban population composition over time as well
as to regional variations in population dynamics.
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
54:20052 Ying,
Killian Ping-Hung. District population change in Hong
Kong, 1961-1981: some policy implications. Urban Geography, Vol.
8, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1987. 31-54 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"Hong Kong's urban renewal schemes, public housing projects, and
new towns development are evidence of an implicit population policy
which aims at deconcentrating urban population to solve the problems of
overcrowding and uneven population distribution. This paper uses the
techniques of the Lorenz curve, the Gini coefficient, and a linear
model relating population change to population density at the census
district level in Hong Kong to analyze the trend in population
concentration. The analyses show that these population programs are
effective for spreading population from the old core to the new
periphery and greatly affect small local area population change in Hong
Kong."
Correspondence: K. P.-H. Ying, Department of
Geography and Geology, Center of Urban Studies and Urban Planning,
University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong. Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
54:20053
Zaionchkovskaya, Zh. A. The demographic situation
and settlement. [Demograficheskaya situatsiya i rasselenie.]
Voprosy Geografii, Vol. 129, 1986. 52-62 pp. Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
The impact of different rates of population growth on settlement
patterns in the various republics of the USSR is examined. The focus
is on regions with very low rates of population growth. The
consequences of such low levels of growth include a decline in urban
growth as the reservoirs of rural-urban migration are depleted and a
failure to achieve satisfactory levels of socioeconomic development.
Some areas situated far from urban centers are currently experiencing
decreases in population.
Location: Columbia University
Library, New York, NY.
54:20054 Arriaga,
Eduardo. Population and development policies aimed at
distribution. Populi, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1987. 23-7 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
The author provides an overview of population and
development policies in developing countries aimed at influencing
population distribution. Particular attention is given to urban
population growth rates, rural-urban migration, and living conditions
in urban squatter settlements. According to the author, "the
urbanization process results in cities in the millions with huge
disparities in income, in employment/unemployment, in occupations, in
housing quality, and in opportunities for improving standards of
living." The need to formulate policies to address this situation is
emphasized.
Correspondence: E. Arriaga, Special Assistant
for International Demographic Methods, U.S. Bureau of the Census,
Washington, D.C. 20203. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20055 Bremaeker,
Francois E. J. de. Urban centers: 1950 to 1980. [Os
centros urbanos: 1950 a 1980.] Revista Brasileira de Estatistica, Vol.
47, No. 187, Jul-Sep 1986. 279-303 pp. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In Por.
Demographic trends in urban centers in Brazil with populations over
20,000 are analyzed using data from censuses from 1950 to 1980.
Comparisons are made with trends for the country as a
whole.
Correspondence: F. E. J. de Bremaeker, Centro de
Estudos e Pesquisas Urbanos, Instituto Brasileiro de Administracao
Municipal, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
54:20056 Camarano,
Ana A. Migration and the structure of production: the
example of the metropolitan regions of the northeast. [Migracao e
estrutura produtiva: o caso das regioes metropolitanas nordestinas.]
Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao, Vol. 3, No. 2, Jul-Dec
1986. 23-46 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In Por. with sum. in Eng.
This
is a comparative analysis of the factors affecting the growth of the
three major metropolitan centers of northeastern Brazil, namely,
Fortaleza, Recife, and Salvador. The focus is on the relationship
between migration and economic growth. It is suggested that Recife has
been losing population as a result of its slower economic growth.
"While Salvador has been exhibiting a greater expansion in the
industrial sector, the Metropolitan Area of Fortaleza showed the
highest net migration rates. The outcome directs the attention to the
fact that the link between migration dynamics and economics is not so
straightforward as might be expected. For good understanding of the
phenomenon other factors must be considered besides the traditional
expulsion and attraction factors."
Correspondence: A. A.
Camarano, Fundacao SEADE, Av. Casper Libero, 464 3o Andar s/31, 01033
Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:20057 Chandler,
Tertius. Four thousand years of urban growth: an
historical census. ISBN 0-88946-207-0. LC 86-31122. 1987. xiii,
656 pp. St. David's University Press: Lewiston, New York. In Eng.
The author attempts to provide data on the population size of
cities from earliest times up to 1975. The book is in three sections,
which present continental tables and maps, data sheets for ancient
cities, and tables and maps of the world's largest
cities.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20058 Csatari,
Balint; Toth, Jozsef. Regional differences in
urbanization. [Az urbanizalodas teruleti kulonbsegei.]
Statisztikai Szemle, Vol. 66, No. 3, Mar 1988. 244-58 pp. Budapest,
Hungary. In Hun. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
"Relying on population data
of Hungary's town network, the authors review temporal and regional
differences in urbanization. They trace back the data of 109
towns...[from] 1985 to the first official census of population, then
they analyse by means of rank correlation the lags appearing in the
concentration rate of urban population....The authors think that
urbanization of small towns might be the key element in the spatial and
structural extension of urbanization. In the authors' opinion the
lasting regional differences of urbanization determine also the centres
of gravity of future development."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20059 Danta,
Darrick R. Identifying urban turnaround in Hungary.
Urban Geography, Vol. 8, No. 1, Jan-Feb 1987. 1-13 pp. Silver Spring,
Maryland. In Eng.
"Changing levels of population concentration in
the Hungarian urban system for the period 1870-1980 are investigated to
test for the occurrence of urban turnaround: the switch in overall
growth dynamics from agglomeration to deglomeration. The analysis,
which uses a rank-size model 'expanded' into quadratics of time to
account for nonlinear 'drift' in the parameter estimates, indicates
that the Hungarian urban system experienced predominantly agglomerative
trends until the mid-1970s; afterwards, deglomerative trends
dominated."
Correspondence: D. R. Danta, Department of
Geography, California State University, Northridge, CA 91330.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
54:20060 Demko,
George J. The Soviet settlement system--current issues and
future prospects. Soviet Geography, Vol. 28, No. 10, Dec 1987.
707-17 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"A survey of current
urban issues and trends in the Soviet Union sets the stage for an
analysis of the problems of the urban system of the USSR and discussion
of recent efforts at planning and policy development for a national
settlement system. The General Scheme of Settlement, issued in 1975
and revised in 1982 to guide the development of such a national system,
is examined as is the ensuing debate between two opposing schools of
thought as to the best approach for restructuring the urban
system."
Correspondence: G. J. Demko, Office of the
Geographer, U.S. Department of State, Washington, D.C.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
54:20061 Desai, P.
B. The explosive growth of Asia's cities. Populi,
Vol. 14, No. 3, 1987. 15-21 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
Rapid
urban growth in Asia and policies to regulate it are discussed. Three
types of policies currently under consideration by Asian governments
are outlined: those designed to control metropolitan growth, those
aimed at developing secondary and intermediate cities, and those
concerned with rural and small-town development. The implementation of
these policies is assessed, and recommendations are
provided.
Correspondence: P. B. Desai, Institute of
Economic Growth, Delhi, University, New Delhi, 110 007, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20062 Dogan,
Mattei; Kasarda, John D. The metropolis era. ISBN
0-8039-2602-2. LC 87-23247. 1988. 394; 322 pp. Sage Publications:
Newbury Park, California/London, England. In Eng.
This two-volume
work is the product of a conference on the world's large cities, held
in Barcelona, Spain, February 25-March 1, 1985. The main objective of
the conference was to examine how huge urban conglomerates and
metropolitan areas can confront and resolve the malfunctions that stem
from their growth. The two volumes contain 28 studies by various
authors from an interdisciplinary background. The first volume,
subtitled A World of Giant Cities, contains 13 chapters that are mainly
comparative in concept and that describe the major urban areas of the
world. The second volume, subtitled Mega-Cities, presents case studies
of four cities in developed countries and six in developing countries.
The contributors define a new kind of city, "the region-dominating
city. They analyze worldwide metropolitan trends and projections, and
explore topics such as urban hierarchy and economic
restructuring."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
54:20063 Eberhardt,
Piotr. The demographic development of Poland's
agglomerations over the past 100 years. Geographica Polonica, No.
50, 1984. 41-53 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Eng.
Trends in urbanization
in Poland from 1868 to 1975 are examined using data from the official
sources of the various national authorities that controlled Polish
territory during this period. Changes in the rank order of the 16
major urban areas over time are described.
Correspondence:
P. Eberhardt, Institute of Geography and Spatial Organization, Polish
Academy of Sciences, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland. Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
54:20064 Hastaoglou,
Vithleem; Hadjimichalis, Costis; Kalogirou, Nicos; Papamichos,
Nicos. Urbanisation, crisis and urban policy in
Greece. Antipode, Vol. 19, No. 2, Sep 1987. 154-77 pp. Oxford,
England. In Eng.
Urbanization trends in Greece since the 1950s are
reviewed, with particular reference to the problems that arose in the
1970s. The authors examine the two major attempts at state
intervention in urban planning during this period. They conclude with
an overview of possible policy interventions that could resolve some of
the problems related to urbanization.
Correspondence: V.
Hastaoglou, Department of Architecture, University of Thessalonike,
Division of Urban and Regional Planning, Thessalonike, Greece.
Location: New York Public Library.
54:20065 Kim,
Kyung-Hwan; Mills, Edwin S. Korean development and
urbanization: prospects and problems. World Development, Vol. 16,
No. 1, Jan 1988. 157-67 pp. Elmsford, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper is about [the Republic of] Korea's urban problems and
prospects. It starts with a brief review of Korea's urbanization
during its period of rapid growth and makes some comparisons with other
countries. Then, likely trends of urban growth during the remainder of
the century are identified. The bulk of the paper analyzes several
closely related urban problems that Koreans must solve during the years
ahead." Issues considered include housing, land supply, and
transportation.
Correspondence: K.-H. Kim, Syracuse
University, Syracuse, NY 13210. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
54:20066 Lappo, G.
M. Cities and their ways in the future. [Goroda na
puti v budushchee.] 1987. 237 pp. Mysl': Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
The
author examines the evolution and characteristics of cities and urban
areas and discusses possible future development trends. Sections are
included on network and settlement systems; geographical and
socioeconomic features; the definition, nature, and basic
characteristics of urban agglomerations; strategies and goals of
improving settlements; and regional characteristics of settlements.
The primary geographical focus is on the USSR.
Location:
Princeton University Library.
54:20067 Matwijiw,
Peter; Bamford, Errol. Atlas of the aged in Australia,
1981: maps and tables from the 1981 census showing the distribution in
major Australian cities of aged persons according to birthplace.
ISBN 0-949890-37-5. 1986. 115 pp. Australian Institute of Multicultural
Affairs: Melbourne, Australia. In Eng.
"The Atlas examines the
geographic distribution of ethnic aged people in Australia's five
largest cities." Data are primarily from the 1981 census and are
presented in both tables and maps.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20068 Morrill,
Richard L. Intra metropolitan demographic structure: a
Seattle example. Annals of Regional Science, Vol. 22, No. 1, Mar
1988. 1-16 pp. Bellingham, Washington. In Eng.
"Internal urban
variation in demographic character (births, deaths, fertility, natural
increase, net migration) is analyzed in relation to age of persons, age
of housing, ownership, distance from the CBD [central business
district], race, household type and size. A descriptive analysis of
maps of these characteristics is followed by simple statistical tests
of relations among the variables, in particular distance from the city
center. Predictable and strong patterns of spatial structure are
consonant with expectations from economic, social, geographic and
political urban theory." Data concern King County, Washington, for the
period 1980-1985, (the city of Seattle) and are from local sources,
including the Puget Sound Council of
Governments.
Correspondence: R. L. Morrill, Department of
Geography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
54:20069 Ness, Gayl
D. Medium-sized cities in Asia: new areas of concern in
population and development planning. Populi, Vol. 14, No. 4, 1987.
46-52 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
This is a summary of the
proceedings of the August 1987 Asian Conference on Population and
Development in Medium-sized Cities, sponsored by UNFPA, the city of
Kobe, Japan, and Nihon University's Population Research Institute.
Problems specific to medium-sized cities are outlined, and the
particular role these cities might play in local and regional
development is emphasized. The geographical focus is on developing
countries.
Correspondence: G. D. Ness, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20070 Okpala, Don
C. I. Received concepts and theories in African
urbanisation studies and urban management strategies: a critique.
Urban Studies, Vol. 24, No. 2, Apr 1987. 137-50 pp. Harlow, England. In
Eng.
"Concepts and theories employed in today's African urban
studies have often been transfers from Western urbanisation studies
which have embodied transfers of cultural values....The uncritical
transfer and application of such concepts has led to prescriptions and
recommendations for urban management policies and programmes that have
proved largely ineffective, and involved much misdirection and
misapplication of limited resources. The consequence has been the
continued exacerbation and compounding of urban problems. It is argued
that effective policy responses can only be derived from a more
realistic evaluation of African urban problems, based not only on
Western European analytical perspectives, but also on the analysis of
economic, historical socio-cultural factors indigenous to Africa
itself."
Correspondence: D. C. I. Okpala, U.N. Centre for
Human Settlements (HABITAT), P.O. Box 60040, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
54:20071 Polyan, P.
M. Nodal elements of regional support frameworks for
settlement. Soviet Geography, Vol. 28, No. 10, Dec 1987. 718-28
pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"The author extends his
earlier work on the concept of a support framework for settlement
(i.e., interconnected linear and nodal elements supporting the
activities and needs of population within the settlement system),
developed initially for the Caucasus region, to the entire country. A
five-level hierarchy of urban nodes, ranging from highly developed
agglomerations to small and medium-sized cities, is proposed which is
used to analyze the level of urban support provided in the major
economic regions of the USSR."
This is a translation of the Russian
article in Izvestiya Vsesoyuznogo Geograficheskogo Obshchestva (Moscow,
USSR), No. 4, 1987, pp. 356-64.
Correspondence: P. M.
Polyan, Institute of Geography, Staromonetny per. 29, Moscow, USSR.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
54:20072 Rietveld,
Piet. Urban development patterns in Indonesia.
Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, Vol. 24, No. 1, Apr 1988.
73-95 pp. Canberra, Australia. In Eng.
The author examines recent
urban development in Indonesia. "Analysis of urban developments in
Indonesia has been hampered in the past by weak data. Recently, the
National Urban Development Strategy (NUDS) project has generated a set
of improved data. This paper aims at elaborating and supplementing the
NUDS study. After a discussion of definitional problems, an analysis
is carried out of urban growth rates at the provincial level. Private
investment is shown to be a principal determinant of urban growth
rates. Other significant determinants are rural immigration and the
present level of urbanisation. Private investment is shown to be
strongly biased towards provinces with large urban areas. In addition,
polarisation is studied at the level of individual cities. It is found
that a period of rapidly increasing polarisation has come to an end
during the last decade."
Correspondence: P. Rietveld,
Department of Economics, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105, PB
7161, 1007 MC Amsterdam, Netherlands. Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
54:20073 Singh,
Vashistha N. Spatial urban pattern and growth of
urbanisation. 1986. xix, 284 pp. Inter-India Publications: New
Delhi, India. In Eng.
The author analyzes urban spatial patterns
and trends in urbanization in India. "In the present study the author
has given particular attention to determining the different levels of
growth foci in [Northern Bihar]. This study is based not only on the
Census classification of towns but also on the nature of services
available in different towns....The growth potentiality of the towns
has been analysed on the basis of the past trend of urban growth during
the whole Census period. The total urban growth was as high as 215.67
per cent for the whole region during the period 1951-81." Tabular data
for selected years are included on temperature and rainfall, harvest
statistics, communications, population growth, population density, and
rural-urban ratio.
Correspondence: Inter-India
Publications, D-17 Raja Garden Extension, New Delhi 110 015, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
54:20074 Speare,
Alden; Liu, Paul K. C.; Tsay, Ching-lung. Urbanization and
development: the rural-urban transition in Taiwan. Brown
University Studies in Population and Development, No. 7, ISBN
0-8133-7328-X. LC 87-29532. 1988. xxii, 217 pp. Westview Press:
Boulder, Colorado/London, England. In Eng.
The rapid urbanization
and industrialization of Taiwan that occurred between 1950 and 1985 is
examined. "The authors detail the processes through which change was
effected, paying particular attention to the role of intermediate
cities, to rural industrialization, and to the development of extensive
commuting as alternatives to massive urbanization. Analyzing detailed
population data from 1950 to 1985, they also examine survey data on the
determinants of this migration and the success of migrants in urban
settings."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20075 Tarrius,
Alain. Entering the city: Maghribian migrations and the
reshaping of urban networks in Tunis and Marseilles. [L'entree
dans la ville: migrations maghrebines et recompositions des tissus
urbains a Tunis et a Marseille.] Revue Europeenne des Migrations
Internationales, Vol. 3, No. 1-2, 1987. 131-48 pp. Poitiers, France. In
Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
The development of French urban areas
populated predominantly by North African immigrants is explored.
"Starting from...research on the development of the outer periphery,
the author analyses the emergence of a big Maghrebian city within
Marseilles. He shows both the reproduction of residential patterns
found in Tunis and the production of original social relationships,
which characterize the dynamics of exchange between Maghrebian
people."
Correspondence: A. Tarrius, Directeur de Recerche
INRETS, Chemin de la Croix-Blanche, 13300 Salon-de-Provence, France.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20076
Wojciechowska-Ratajczak, Bogumila. Demographic
changes in Poland's rural areas. [Przemiany demograficzne na wsi w
Polsce ludowej.] Wies Wspolczesna, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1985. 62-70 pp.
Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
Demographic changes that have occurred in
rural areas of Poland since World War II are analyzed, with particular
reference to their relationship to agricultural development. The
author notes that the rural population declined by 9.1 percent between
1946 and 1983 and that the percentage of the labor force employed in
agriculture declined from 52.2 percent to 30.2
percent.
Location: Cornell University Library, Ithaca, NY.
