54:20001 Espenshade,
Thomas J.; Stolnitz, George J. Technological prospects and
population trends. AAAS Selected Symposium, No. 103, ISBN
0-8133-7470-7. LC 87-50897. 1987. xxiii, 211 pp. Westview Press:
Boulder, Colorado; American Association for the Advancement of Science:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This book contains eight papers from a
symposium entitled Technological Prospects and Population Trends, which
was held at the 150th National Annual Meeting of the American
Association for the Advancement of Science in New York City, May 1984.
Authors of the papers examine the relationship between demographic
factors and technological change in such areas as agriculture,
education, industry, contraception, life expectancy, and health care
and biomedical advances affecting mortality and
fertility.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20002 Fornos,
Werner. Gaining people, losing ground: a blueprint for
stabilizing world population. ISBN 0-9619165-1-6. LC 87-62205.
1987. viii, 121 pp. Population Institute: Washington, D.C.; Science
Press: Ephrata, Pennsylvania. In Eng.
This is a general
introduction to the problems posed by the rapid growth of the world's
population and what can be done to reduce the rate of population
growth. The characteristics and consequences of current population
growth are first described, and factors affecting fertility are
identified. The author then presents brief case studies of 20
countries. Finally, current trends in international assistance for
population activities are considered. Appendixes include data on the
costs of providing adequate family planning services to developing
countries.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20003 Kasun,
Jacqueline. The war against population: the economics and
ideology of world population control. ISBN 0-89870-191-0. LC
87-83505. 1988. 225 pp. Ignatius Press: San Francisco, California. In
Eng.
The author critically examines the assumptions that the
world's population is growing too quickly and that rapid population
growth has an adverse effect on social and economic development. She
consequently rejects the need for population control and for the
network of organizations and funding that has evolved in order to
assist countries around the world in reducing their rate of population
growth. Attention is paid to the role of U.S. foreign aid in
population activities, the nature of the sex education movement, and
adolescent pregnancy, with the primary focus on the United States. The
author concludes that government should not get involved in social
planning of this kind and should not attempt to influence the
reproductive decisions of individuals.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20004 Pol, Louis
G. Business demography: a guide and reference for
business planners and marketers. Vol. xvi, 289, ISBN
0-89930-218-1. LC 87-2494. 1987. Quorum Books: New York, New
York/London, England. In Eng.
This introduction to demography,
designed for business planners and marketers, shows how the principles
of demography may be profitably applied in any type of corporate or
institutional setting. The book begins with a review of demographic
trends in the United States over the past 40 years, with emphasis on
related business opportunities and problems. Consideration is then
given to data sources and methods of data selection and use. Trends in
fertility, mortality, and migration and their impact on the business
environment are examined. The author then discusses population
composition, geographic concepts, spatial distribution, and population
estimates and projections. The final section contains five chapters:
"population policy, two chapters on data and methods in an applied
setting, international business issues, and an overview. This is the
applied section of the book, and the majority of demography/business
environment relationships are discussed here." The geographical focus
is on the United States.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20005 Kreager,
Philip. New light on Graunt. Population Studies, Vol.
42, No. 1, Mar 1988. 129-40 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"How did
Graunt arrive at the fundamental idea of underlying quantitative
regularities in vital events? This paper examines the Natural and
Political Observations (1662) in the context of contemporary concepts
of method to which Graunt himself referred. The first section outlines
the logic of his text as a whole. The second considers the concept of
population he employed, and the arithmetical devices he used to check
the internal consistency of the bills of mortality. It is shown that
the Observations follows step by step the method of natural history
outlined by Francis Bacon; and that Graunt's anticipation of
statistical techniques can be explained as an application of
bookkeeping arithmetic within Bacon's methodology. The third and
fourth sections of the paper then note the religious and mercantile
models of society within which Graunt applied his
method."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20006 Piskunov,
V. P. The inadequacy of the "narrow understanding" of
population reproduction for disclosing its self-reproducing
mechanisms. [O neadekvatnosti "uzkogo ponimaniya" vosproizvodstva
naseleniya resheniyu zadachi raskrytiya mekhanizma ego
samovosproizvedeniya.] Demograficheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 11, 1987.
13-33 pp. Kiev, USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The author points
out limitations within demographic analysis of a narrow definition of
the concept of population reproduction. The concept of measuring not
only quantitative but also qualitative aspects of population
reproduction is considered.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20007 Preston,
Samuel H. The social sciences and the population
problem. Sociological Forum, Vol. 2, No. 4, Fall 1987. 619-44 pp.
Ithaca, New York. In Eng.
"Four essentially independent conceptions
of the population problem are visible in current discussions. One is
derived from macroeconomics, one from microeconomics, one from the
health sciences, and one from ethical concerns about the just relation
between man and nature. After describing these conceptions, this paper
addresses the population problem principally using the economic
definitions. It cites five reasons why discussions of the economic
hazards posed by population growth have become markedly less alarmist
in the past decade. Failures of highly quantified input-output models
to account for human progress are emphasized. The paper presents
examples of how technical demography has shed light on the dimensions
of and solutions to the population problem and concludes with a brief
discussion of contemporary population problems in the
U.S."
Correspondence: S. H. Preston, Population Studies
Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20008 Biswas,
Suddhendu; Ebraheem, Nather A. Applicability of the
Malthusian law of population growth: a note on India's
experience. Demography India, Vol. 16, No. 1, Jan-Jun 1987. 119-35
pp. New Delhi, India. In Eng.
The applicability of Malthusian
theory to accelerating population growth rates in India is considered.
The authors examine whether "accelerating growth rates in the context
of moderately changing fertility rates can give rise to a geometric
pattern of growth rate at least for a few decades." Data are from the
1971 and 1981 censuses of India and from U.N.
estimates.
Correspondence: S. Biswas, Department of
Mathematical Statistics, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007, India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20009 Dooley,
Peter C. Malthus on long swings: the general case.
Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne d'Economique, Vol. 21,
No. 1, Feb 1988. 200-7 pp. Toronto, Canada. In Eng.
This is a
critique of A. M. C. Waterman's interpretation of Malthus's theory of
long swings of population expansion and contraction. A reply by
Waterman is included (pp. 206-7).
For the study by Waterman,
published in 1987, see elsewhere in this issue.
Correspondence: P. C. Dooley, University of Saskatchewan,
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, S7N 0W0, Canada. Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
54:20010 Gruzin, V.
S. The development of individuals in employment as a means
of improving population reproduction. [Razvitie individov v trude
kak pokazatel' sovershenstvovaniya vosproizvodstva naseleniya.]
Demograficheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 11, 1987. 48-58 pp. Kiev, USSR. In
Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The interrelationships among individual
development, population reproduction, and labor force change are
considered.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20011 Inaba,
Hisashi. A semigroup approach to the strong ergodic
theorem of the multistate stable population process. Mathematical
Population Studies, Vol. 1, No. 1, 1988. 49-77, 123 pp. New York, New
York/London, England. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"In this paper we
first formulate the dynamics of multistate stable population processes
as a partial differential equation. Next, we rewrite this equation as
an abstract differential equation in a Banach space, and solve it by
using the theory of strongly continuous semigroups of bounded linear
operators. Subsequently, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of
this semigroup to show the strong ergodic theorem which states that
there exists a stable distribution independent of the initial
distribution. Finally, we introduce the dual problem in order to obtain
a logical definition for the reproductive value and we discuss its
applications."
Correspondence: H. Inaba, Institute of
Population Problems, 2-2 1-Chome, Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100,
Japan. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20012 Inaba,
Hisashi. Mathematical foundations of multidimensional
stable population theory I: classical theory. Jinko Mondai
Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, No. 184, Pub. Order No. 52-77.
Oct 1987. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
The author
describes the mathematical foundations of multidimensional stable
populations of the type considered by Lotka and Von
Foerster.
Correspondence: H. Inaba, Institute of Population
Problems, Ministry of Health and Welfare, 1-2-2 Kasumigaseki,
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100, Japan. Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
54:20013 Kopchak, S.
I.; Kornelyuk, V. P. Some discussions on the systematic
study of population growth as a subject of demography. [Nekotorye
diskussionnye voprosy sistemnogo izucheniya vosproizvodstva naseleniya
kak predmeta demografii.] Demograficheskie Issledovaniya, Vol. 11,
1987. 33-48 pp. Kiev, USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The study of
population growth as part of a biological and social system is
examined. Investigations of the topic in Marxist-Leninist writings are
described.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20014 Waterman,
A. M. C. On the Malthusian theory of long swings.
Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue Canadienne d'Economique, Vol. 20,
No. 2, May 1987. 257-70 pp. Toronto, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"In the Essay on Population economic growth consists of alternating
surges of population (during which real wages fall and the rate of
profit rises) and capital (during which the reverse occurs). A series
of temporary equilibria exists at which wages are maximal, the rate of
profit minimal, and fully employed work-force in technically determined
relation to fixed capital stock. Between these equilibria occur
episodes of excess labour, below-maximum wages, above minimum
profit-rate and capital accumulation. Malthus's 'ratios' presuppose a
logarithmic production function that implies first, that the
full-employment real wage will fall to subsistence; secondly, that the
full-employment 'wages fund' is constant."
Correspondence:
A. M. C. Waterman, St. John's College, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2M5,
Canada. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20015 Woods,
Robert. Malthus, Marx and population crises. In: A
world in crisis? Geographical perspectives, edited by R. J. Johnston
and P. J. Taylor. ISBN 0-631-13466-2. LC 85-13440. 1986. 127-49 pp.
Basil Blackwell: New York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"In
this chapter I shall first review the current state of the world
demographic system using [a] neo-Malthusian perspective. Secondly, the
notion of a crisis of numbers will be questioned in the context of
other potential causes of population-related crises and the long-term
recurrence of similar events. Thirdly, the chapter will examine the
Malthusian principle at greater length by contrasting it with the
notion of surplus population advanced in Marxian political
economy."
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
54:20016 Cliquet, R.
L. On the increasing mutual importance of bio-anthropology
and demography in modern culture. [Over het toenemend wederzijds
belang van bio-antropologie en demografie in de moderne cultuur.]
Bevolking en Gezin, No. 2, Dec 1987. 107-29 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In
Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The author comments on both the historical
and current relationship between the fields of biology and demography.
"It is argued that especially in modern culture with its increasing
intervention in the basic demographic mechanisms, more attention should
be paid to the demographic-biological interrelations. Modern culture
has, by changing mortality, nuptiality, fertility and migration trends,
not only quantitative but also qualitative effects on the population
structure and composition. Some of those effects might, in the short or
long term, favourably or unfavourably influence mankind's biological
future. This perspective can only incite us to tighten the bonds
between biology and demography."
Correspondence: R. L.
Cliquet, Department of Anthropology and Social Biology,
Rijksuniversiteit te Gent, St.-Pietersnieuwstraat 25, B-9000 Ghent,
Belgium. Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20017 Ivanov, V.
N.; Maslova, O. M. The application of sociological methods
in the study of population in the USSR. [Primenenie
sotsiologicheskikh metodov pri izuchenii narodonaseleniya v SSSR.] In:
Demograficheskoe razvitie v SSSR, edited by L. L. Rybakovskii.
Demografiya: Problemy i Perspektivy, 1985. 109-25 pp. Mysl': Moscow,
USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The authors assess the application
of sociological methods in the study of population in the
USSR.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
54:20018 Merrick,
Thomas W.; Tordella, Stephen J. Demographics: people and
markets. Population Bulletin, Vol. 43, No. 1, Feb 1988. 49 pp.
Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The use of
demographic data for business purposes in the United States is
discussed, with a focus on sources and methods of demographics. "This
guide explains market, product, and site analyses, discusses data
sources and resources, and includes case studies involving the General
Motors Corporation, Bell Atlantic, the Country Mart in Omaha, Nebraska,
and Market Statistics, Inc. Post-war population trends have had an
enormous impact on consumer and labor markets....As the baby-boom
generation moves through the life cycle, they have affected school
systems, housing, and the job market: other age-sensitive goods and
services are now affected by the aging of the population....Another
shift is that households have been growing more rapidly than the
population, with individuals living alone and childless couples
contributing much of the growth. Geographic patterns of regional
distribution have also altered, with the South and West accounting for
most of U.S. population increase. Advances in computerized access to
data describing these changes and increased consciousness of their
economic significance have spurred the application of demographic
knowledge by managers and the growth of the demographics information
industry."
Correspondence: Population Reference Bureau, 777
14th Street NW, Suite 800, Washington, D.C. 20005. Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
54:20019 Ghosh, B.
N. Fundamentals of population geography. ISBN
81-207-0184-4. 1985. xii, 252 pp. Sterling Publishers Private: New
Delhi, India. In Eng.
This is intended as a basic textbook on
population geography. The approach is interdisciplinary, combining
demography, sociology, and economics as well as geography. The
geographical focus is worldwide, but an appendix is included on the
population of India. The main emphasis of the book is on the spatial
analysis of population dynamics, the sources and evaluation of data,
and socioeconomic implications of data analysis.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
