53:30709
Balakrishnan, T. R. Status of women, development
and demographic change. Canadian Studies in Population, Vol. 14,
No. 1, 1987. 9-25 pp. Edmonton, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper examines the relationship of the status of women to
demographic indicators such as crude birth and death rates, infant
mortality rates and female life expectancy at birth, controlling for
economic development. Using available data from 89 countries in the
Third World, it is shown that an increase in the status of women will
have significant payoffs in terms of reducing fertility and mortality.
Simplified path models indicate that the status of women as measured by
female literacy rate has a greater effect on demographic variables than
economic development."
Author's address: University of Western
Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 3K7, Canada.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30710 de
Albuquerque, Klaus; Tauge, Mariget. Social implications of
population growth in Papua New Guinea, 1980-1995. IASER Discussion
Paper, No. 51, Jan 1987. v, 60 pp. Institute of Applied Social and
Economic Research [IASER]: Boroko, Papua New Guinea. In Eng.
"Our
specific intent in this paper is to evaluate the 'social' implications
for Papua New Guinea of the projected population growth and the changes
in composition and distribution. We have chosen to focus on the
fifteen-year period between 1980 and 1995, as longer-term projections
are of dubious reliability and usefulness, especially with respect to
projecting future values of social or economic variables. Five areas
have been singled out for attention: education, health, housing,
youth, and women. With respect to the latter, our sole interest is
female participation in wage employment, a demographic phenomenon of
increasing importance in developing countries." The need to integrate
demographic data into development planning is stressed.
Publisher's
address: P. O. Box 5854, Boroko, Papua New
Guinea.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30711 Hohn,
Charlotte. Women and development: notes on the
significance of tradition, culture, and religion. [Frauen und
Entwicklung: Anmerkungen zur Bedeutung von Tradition, Kultur und
Religion.] Zeitschrift fur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 13, No. 1,
1987. 69-80 pp. Wiesbaden, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger. with
sum. in Eng; Fre.
The author considers the theoretical relationship
among women's status, population change, and social and economic
development. Attention is given to influences exerted by culture,
tradition, and religion on the intermediate variables affecting
fertility. The example of China is used to show that "the liberation
of women can both promote socio-economic modernization and a fertility
decline."
Author's address: Bundesinstitut fur
Bevolkerungsforschung, Postfach 55 28, 6200 Wiesbaden 1, Federal
Republic of Germany.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:30712 Jutikkala,
Eino. Social differences in preindustrial demography: a
case study on a middle-sized town. Yearbook of Population Research
in Finland, Vol. 25, 1987. 40-5 pp. Helsinki, Finland. In Eng.
The
author investigates relationships between social class and demographic
factors using data from the parish registers of an upper-class Swedish
congregation and a lower-class Finnish congregation in Turku, Finland,
for the years 1826-1844. The two groups' fertility and mortality
experiences are compared. Slight differences in mortality by social
class, attributed to better nourishment and hygiene, are
noted.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30713 Momsen,
Janet H.; Townsend, Janet G. Geography of gender in the
third world. ISBN 0-09-170821-4. LC 86-14564. 1987. 424 pp.
Hutchinson: London, England; State University of New York Press:
Albany, New York. In Eng.
This collection of 20 papers by various
authors examines spatial patterns of gender in developing countries in
relation to agriculture, industry, nutrition, health services, and
migration. Topics covered include the sex ratio in South Asia; women's
role in health in Nepal; malnutrition in Bangladesh; and migration and
employment of women in Lesotho, Colombia, and
Thailand.
Location: New York Public Library.
53:30714 Mori,
George A. Religious affiliation in Canada. Canadian
Social Trends, Autumn 1987. 12-6 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
The
author discusses the religious affiliations of Canadians as reported in
the 1981 census and the 1985 General Social Survey. Historic trends,
the proportion of the population reporting no religious preference,
provincial variation, and regular religious observance are discussed.
It is found that "there has been a significant increase in the
percentage of the population affiliated with the Catholic Church, while
the proportion affiliated with the various Protestant denominations has
declined." A socio-demographic profile of religious groups is also
presented.
Author's address: Housing, Family, and Social Statistics
Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A OT6,
Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
53:30715 O'Hare,
William P. America's welfare population: who gets
what? Population Trends and Public Policy, No. 13, Sep 1987. 16
pp. Population Reference Bureau: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The
distribution of welfare assistance in the U.S. population is examined.
The evidence indicates that only 60 percent of those below the poverty
level receive welfare and that many welfare recipients earn incomes
above the poverty level. The characteristics of the population
receiving the four major types of welfare are analyzed by ethnic group,
age, marital status, sex, and geographic region. The major demographic
factors that will affect the future welfare population are reviewed,
including demographic aging, migration to the Sunbelt, and the growth
of single-parent and one-person households. The potential for welfare
reform is considered.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:30716 Raisch,
Michael. Changes in male role behavior: a study of
demographically relevant literature. [Veranderungen des
Rollenverhaltens des Mannes: eine Studie bevolkerungswissenschaftlich
relevanter Literatur.] Materialien zur Bevolkerungswissenschaft, No.
50, 1986. 185 pp. Bundesinstitut fur Bevolkerungsforschung: Wiesbaden,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
Literature concerning changes
in male roles in modern industrial societies is reviewed and analyzed.
The primary sources are social science publications from the past
decade published for English-, French-, and German-speaking audiences.
The author considers changes in male attitudes as well as sex roles,
sex-specific division of labor, social-psychological factors that
promote or hinder change in the male role, changes in the man's role
within couples, males' new attitudes toward marriage and family, and
the changing role of the father.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:30717 Vukovich,
Gyorgy. Social aspects of aging in Hungary. [Az
oregedes tarsadalmi vonatkozasai Magyarorszagon.] Demografia, Vol. 29,
No. 2-3, 1986. 145-68 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Hun. with sum. in Eng;
Rus.
"The study deals with the economic...role, the family
relations, the housing conditions and the health status of the aged [in
Hungary], as the main factors which determine the living conditions and
social place of the aged population." Suggestions for improving the
status of the elderly are outlined.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:30718 Piesowicz,
Kazimierz. Demographic effects of World War II.
[Demograficzne skutki II wojny swiatowej.] Studia Demograficzne, No.
1/87, 1987. 103-36 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The author examines various aspects of population change in Poland
between 1939 and 1950 in an effort to assess the demographic effects of
World War II. The data are from a variety of sources concerning losses
and displacements of population subgroups. Attention is given to
natural increase, mortality, and emigration among Poles, Jews, Germans,
and others resident in Poland. Geographic variations in age structure
resulting from demographic changes brought on by the war are also
discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30719 Polyakov,
L. E. The price of war: demographic aspects. [Tsena
voiny: demograficheskii aspekt.] 1985. 135 pp. Finansy i Statistika:
Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
An argument against war at both global and
local levels is presented. Chapters are included on the direct and
indirect impact of wars on populations, mortality from war, migration,
morbidity, and socioeconomic losses. The argument is expanded to
include armaments and the Cold War.
Location: U.S. Library
of Congress, Washington, D.C.
53:30720 Singh, S.
K. Some political implications of population growth.
Janasamkhya, Vol. 4, No. 2, Dec 1986. 137-45 pp. Kariavattom, India. In
Eng.
"This article appraises the views of earlier thinkers on the
political implications of population size and theorizes that many of
the present day political disturbances can be traced to changes in the
size, growth and redistribution of population." The geographic focus
is worldwide.
Author's address: National Institute of Rural
Development, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30721 Brazil.
Fundacao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatistica [IBGE] (Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil); UNICEF (New York, New York); Pan American Health
Organization [PAHO] (Washington, D.C.). A statistical
profile of children and mothers in Brazil: the health situation,
1981. [Perfil estatistico de criancas e maes no Brasil: situacao
de saude, 1981.] ISBN 85-240-0224-7. 1984. 264 pp. Rio de Janeiro,
Brazil. In Por.
This is the fourth in a series of reports
concerning aspects of maternal and child health in Brazil. This report
concentrates on the health situation in 1981 and includes papers by
various authors on population characteristics, the availability and use
of health services, maternal and child health services, maternal
nutrition, morbidity, and immunization.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:30722 Chapman,
Steven H.; LaPlante, Mitchell P.; Wilensky, Gail. Life
expectancy and health status of the aged. Social Security
Bulletin, Vol. 49, No. 10, Oct 1986. 24-48 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This article is concerned with the health of those affected by
changes to the U.S. Social Security Act enacted by Congress in 1983 and
also with the usefulness of life expectancy or mortality trends as
indicators of health status. The focus is on the aged
population.
Location: Princeton University Library (IR).
53:30723 Colditz,
Graham A.; Willett, Walter C.; Stampfer, Meir J.; Rosner, Bernard;
Speizer, Frank E.; Hennekens, Charles H. A prospective
study of age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, and coronary
heart disease in women. American Journal of Epidemiology, Vol.
126, No. 5, Nov 1987. 861-70 pp. Baltimore, Maryland. In Eng.
"To
investigate the risk of coronary heart disease in relation to age at
menarche, parity, and age at first birth, the authors evaluated
prospectively the experience of 119,963 U.S. women aged 30-55 years who
were free from coronary heart disease in 1976 and were followed through
1982. During 700,809 person-years of observation, 308 incident cases of
nonfatal myocardial infarction or fatal coronary heart disease
occurred." The results showed no significant association between
reproductive experiences and risk of coronary heart
disease.
Author's address: Channing Laboratory, 180 Longwood
Avenue, Boston, MA 02115.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SZ).
53:30724 Locoh,
Therese. The sex distribution of hospitalized children in
Lome (Togo). [La repartition par sexe des enfants hospitalises a
Lome (Togo).] Population, Vol. 42, No. 3, May-Jun 1987. 549-57 pp.
Paris, France. In Fre.
An analysis of hospital records for 1,700
children admitted to a hospital in Lome, Togo, in 1982 indicated that
only 39 percent of those treated were girls, whereas 61 percent were
boys. The author examines the extent to which such an imbalance
reflects excess morbidity among males or differences in the medical
care sought for boys and for girls.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:30725 Weller,
Robert H.; Eberstein, Isaac W.; Bailey, Mohamed. Pregnancy
wantedness and maternal behavior during pregnancy. Demography,
Vol. 24, No. 3, Aug 1987. 407-12 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This
study tests the hypothesis that women whose pregnancies are wanted
obtain earlier prenatal care and, partly as a consequence, are more
likely to quit smoking during pregnancy than are women with unwanted
pregnancies. Data consist of information on a representative national
sample of legitimate live births taken from the 1980 [U.S.] National
Natality Survey. Logit regression analysis confirms the existence of
the hypothesized relationships, both overall and after controlling for
a series of background characteristics. However, differences in
smoking and prenatal care implied by the relationships with pregnancy
wantedness (measured by an indicator of birth planning status) are
weaker than anticipated."
Author's address: Center for the Study of
Population, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL
32306-4063.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30726 Yunes,
Joao; Campos, Oswaldo; Carvalho, Vera S. S. Infant,
adolescent, and maternity care in Brazil. [Assistencia a infancia,
a adolescencia e a maternidade no Brasil.] Boletin de la Oficina
Sanitaria Panamericana, Vol. 103, No. 1, Jul 1987. 33-42 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Por. with sum. in Eng.
"The main purpose of
this paper is to present some indicators of the development of the
health situation in Brazil particularly in regard to mortality in
infants under one year of age, adolescents, and women of childbearing
age. The conclusions bring out the precariousness of the health
conditions of the Brazilian population and the quantitative and
qualitative deficiencies of the services available to them, inasmuch as
many deaths could be avoided by vaccination or preventive treatment,
early medical diagnosis and treatment, and environmental sanitation
measures."
Author's address: Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade
de Saude Publica, Departamento de Epidemiologia, e Secretaria da Saude,
Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:30727 Mulder,
Monique B. On cultural and reproductive success: Kipsigis
evidence. American Anthropologist, Vol. 89, No. 3, Sep 1987.
617-34 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"Studies testing the
evolutionary biological prediction that striving for cultural goals is
a proximate means of attaining high reproductive success are reviewed,
and some of their problems are examined....In this article, I first
examine some of the difficulties in determining the association between
cultural success and reproductive success. Attempting to counter these
problems, I present new data from the Kipsigis of Kenya that provide
substantive evidence for the correlation. In the Discussion section, I
examine to what extent this and other studies support the general
proposition that cultural patterns of behavior are the outcome of
evolutionary processes selecting for culturally, and hence
reproductively successful individuals."
Author's address: Evolution
and Human Behavior Program, Rackham Building, University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, MI 48109.
Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
53:30728 Pison,
Gilles. Twins in Africa South of the Sahara: incidence,
social status, and mortality. [Les jumeaux en Afrique au sud du
Sahara: frequence, statut social et mortalite.] INED Dossiers et
Recherches, No. 11, Sep 1987. 47 pp. Institut National d'Etudes
Demographiques [INED]: Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
Twinning rates in sub-Saharan Africa are analyzed using data from a
variety of sources. The results show that twinning rates are
significantly higher than in other regions of the world. Furthermore,
considerable differences by region in Africa are noted. The
relationship between these regional differences and the social status
of twins is investigated. Differences in mortality for twins within
Africa are also observed. It is suggested that twinning rates are
higher and that the mortality of twins during infancy is lower in
regions populated by ethnic groups that favor
twins.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30729 Rao, V. V.;
Murty, J. S. Mortality load disclosed by inbreeding in
different castes of Andhra Pradesh. Human Biology, Vol. 58, No. 5,
Oct 1986. 699-708 pp. Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
"The role of
socio-cultural differences on the effects of inbreeding on mortality
was examined in 1,126 families of representative populations of two
scheduled castes (Madiga and Mala), two forward castes (Reddy and
Vysya) and Maheshwaris, a noninbred urban community." The data were
collected in field surveys undertaken between 1980 and 1982 in and
around Hyderabad City, India. "It is suggested that negative
regressions in the low caste groups might have been due to low genetic
mortality resulting from a lower frequency of deleterious genes and
higher homozygosity of genes adapted to the environment under the high
levels of inbreeding in these groups."
Author's address: Department
of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007,
India.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30730 Reddy, B.
Mohan; Chopra, Virendra P.; Malhotra, Kailash C.
Opportunity for natural selection with special reference to
population structural measures among the Vadde. Annals of Human
Biology, Vol. 14, No. 3, May-Jun 1987. 249-61 pp. London, England. In
Eng. with sum. in Fre; Ger.
"Crow's indices of opportunity for
natural selection have been studied among the Vadde, a fishing
community of Kolleru Lake, Andhra Pradesh, India. The sample comes
from 15 of the 60 fishing villages. The indices were computed both at
the level of village and population units. A village sample of Palle,
another fishing group in the area, has also been analysed for the
purpose of comparison. An attempt has been made to explain variation
in selection indices among the villages using population structural
measures. A wide variation is found in both the fertility and
mortality indices between the villages. The values were compatible
with those found for other fishing groups studied previously, and in
the middle of the range observed for the Indian populations (about 100)
studied so far. Population structural measures are found to explain a
significant amount of variation in [the index of mortality and the
index of total selection] but not in the fertility index."
Author's
address: Institut fur Humanbiologie, University of Hamburg, Hamburg,
Germany, Federal Republic of.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:30731 Rogers, A.
R.; Jorde, L. B. The effect of non-random migration on
genetic differences between populations. Annals of Human Genetics,
Vol. 51, No. 2, May 1987. 169-76 pp. New York, New York/Cambridge,
England. In Eng.
"Models of genetic population structure generally
assume that emigrants from each local group are drawn at random from
the set of individuals born there. We show that small violations of
this assumption can have disproportionately large effects on genetic
population structure....The effect of migration on group differences
can be studied by comparing the distribution of genotypes among
birthplaces with that among adult residences. We shall introduce a
statistical method for this purpose and use it to analyze data from the
Aland Islands, Finland."
Author's address: Department of
Anthropology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
15260.
Location: Princeton University Library (SW).
53:30732 Soliani,
L.; Anelli, A.; Anghinetti, W.; Siri, E. Surname and name
analyses of the demographic, biological, and cultural variations of the
community and the population. [Analisi con cognomi e nomi delle
variazioni demografiche biologiche e culturali di comunita e
popolazioni.] Genus, Vol. 42, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1986. 55-88 pp. Rome,
Italy. In Ita. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
The use of surnames and given
names to identify and study subpopulations is explored using data from
Italian marriage records from 29 parishes in Alta Val Parma from the
nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and more recent data from the
Lipari Islands.
Author's address: Facolta di Economia e Commercio,
Universita di Bari, Bari, Italy.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
