53:30056 Craig,
John. Population potential and some related measures.
Area, Vol. 19, No. 2, Jun 1987. 141-6 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"It is argued that population potential is best expressed as an
average distance; and that two other closely related measures should
usually also be calculated especially when potential is being used as
an indicator of average density. These procedures would help in the
interpretation of potential calculations for a single country--and
would enable more meaningful comparisons between countries to be
contemplated." The work is based on official data for the United
Kingdom.
Author's address: Office of Population Censuses and
Surveys, St. Catherine's House, 10 Kingsway, London WC2B 6JP,
England.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
53:30057 Fielding,
Anthony. Counterurbanisation in Western Europe. In:
West European population change, edited by Allan Findlay and Paul
White. 1986. 35-49 pp. Croom Helm: Dover, New Hampshire/London,
England. In Eng.
This paper updates the empirical results of a
previous paper by the same author. It examines the extent to which the
model of the transition from urbanization to counter-urbanization
developed in that paper using French census data is supported by 1982
census data, the extent to which generalizations concerning
counter-urbanization in Europe should be changed in light of data from
the 1980-1982 census round, and the need to reassess the picture of
population distribution in Western Europe since 1980 using data from
population registers.
Author's address: School of Social Sciences,
University of Sussex, Brighton, England.
For the earlier article by
Fielding, published in 1982, see 49:20594.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30058 Khorev, B.
S. Population distribution in the USSR: regional aspects
of population dynamics and policies. [Razmeshchenie naseleniya v
SSSR: regional'nyi aspekt dinamiki i politiki narodonaseleniya.] 1986.
221 pp. Mysl': Moscow, USSR. In Rus.
Regional differences within
the USSR concerning migration, population density, and the development
of settlements are analyzed. Data are from the censuses of 1970 and
1979 and from special surveys. Consideration is given to the links
between observed demographic differences and the socioeconomic
development of the regions concerned. The study concludes with
emphasis on the need for optimization of the spatial distribution of
population as part of an active population
policy.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30059 Kolodny,
Emile. Recent data on the distribution of the Greek
Cypriot population: the census of 1982. [Donnees recentes sur la
repartition de la population chypriote grecque--le recensement de
1982.] Mediterranee, Vol. 58, No. 3, 1986. 19-29 pp. Aix-en-Provence,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The results of the 1982 census of
Cyprus, covering the Greek Cypriot-controlled part of the island, are
presented. The author notes that of the total population of 512,000,
39 percent are refugees from the Turkish-controlled part of Cyprus.
The extent of urbanization in Cyprus is
described.
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.
53:30060 Ledent, J.;
Rogers, A. Spatial dynamics of populations with changing
birth, death, and migration rates: a generalization of multiregional
stable population theory. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 19, No.
6, Jun 1987. 819-28 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"The paper begins
with the use of a vector notation to describe the age-region
distribution of any multiregional population and develops generalized
multiregional Lotka equations that converge, over time, to the
corresponding equations for a stable multiregional population. But the
vector notation does not lead to a method for estimating relevant
demographic parameters. To overcome this difficulty, a more powerful
notation is introduced: one that substitutes matrices for vectors.
This extension is carried out by defining a second subscript that
designates the place of residence at some previous fixed moment in
time. Such an extension, however, creates alternative generalizations
that depend directly on the characteristics of the available data."
The authors discuss generalizations of the theory given either two sets
of lifetime migration data or a single set of period migration
data.
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at
the 1986 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see
Population Index, Vol. 52, No. 3, Fall 1986, p.
422).
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
53:30061 Schwartz,
Lee R. Regional population redistribution and national
homelands in the USSR. Pub. Order No. DA8703082. 1986. 286 pp.
University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This thesis applies measures of population redistribution in an
attempt to determine the relationship between ethnicity, modernization,
and regional settlement patterns in the USSR. The scale of analysis
used is the tertiary level, comprising the autonomous republics (ASSRs)
and autonomous oblasts (AOs)....This study uses indices of population
redistribution along with surrogate measures of modernization in a
territorial pattern designed so as to reveal local trends in settlement
patterns within the context of broader union-wide tendencies." It is
found that "the patterns of ethnic redistribution at the local level
appear significantly different from those based on aggregate
measures."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at
Columbia University.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts
International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 47(10).
53:30062 Sit, Victor
F. S. The population geography of Hong Kong,
1949-1981. Indonesian Journal of Geography, Vol. 13, No. 45, Jun
1983. 1-23 pp. Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In Eng.
"This paper attempts
a comprehensive account of the changes in population of Hong Kong in
1949-81. It has given detailed treatment to the two major factors:
migration and natural growth, that underly such changes. The spatial
process of population is also examined against the government's
post-war urban development policies."
Author's address: Department
of Geography, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong
Kong.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30063 Ales,
Milan. Demographic situation of Prague. Demosta, Vol.
20, No. 1, 1987. 33-6 pp. Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Eng.
The
author discusses population trends in Prague, Czechoslovakia, providing
information concerning the growth of the urban area and its population
since 1869. Attention is then given to fertility, mortality,
migration, and natural increase from 1980 to 1985. Figures are also
presented on the distribution of the population within Prague for 1961,
1970, 1980, and 1985.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:30064 Atzema, O.
A. L. C.; Bargeman, C. A. Demographic aspects of
urbanization in the Netherlands; changes and stability in the period
1970-1985. [Demografische aspecten van verstedelijking in
Nederland; veranderingen en stabiliteit in de periode 1970-1985.]
Bevolking en Gezin, No. 1, Aug 1987. 65-93 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In
Dut. with sum. in Eng.
"The process of demographic urbanization in
the Netherlands during the period 1970-1985 has been characterized by
decreasing deconcentration of population on both the national level and
regional level. Within the peri-urban areas and extra-urban areas,
there is concentration of population. The regional differences in
population growth have decreased over the years as a result of the
levelling off of net-internal migration. The [movement out of] the
cities has declined and more and more non-urban regions show an
out-migration surplus. The changes in net-migration do not mean,
however, that the spatial structure of migration has changed strongly.
The probability that a household will move has declined, but the
probability [of] where...it will move has largely remained the same.
The only change that has occurred in recent years is the increasing
[concentration of] migrants within the city regions. The result is
that the extra urban areas are becoming more and more isolated in the
(national) migration system."
Author's address: Postbus 9044, 6500
KD Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:30065 Becker,
Charles M.; Mills, Edwin S.; Williamson, Jeffrey G.
Modeling Indian migration and city growth, 1960-2000. Economic
Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 35, No. 1, Oct 1986. 1-33 pp.
Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
"This paper uses a multisectoral model
of the Indian economy to isolate the sources of Indian economic growth
and urbanization since 1960. The model is in the computable general
equilibrium tradition. It stresses spatial issues so that it can
provide predictions on rural/urban labor demands, which, when combined
with unequal labor supplies, generate migration flows." The model is
used to replicate India's urban growth experience during the 1960s and
1970s and to project further growth to 2000. Factors affecting
urbanization considered include "the scarcity of arable land,
agricultural productivity advance, public investment in agriculture,
population pressure, and productivity performance in
manufacturing."
Author's address: Vanderbilt University, Nashville,
TN 37240.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
53:30066 Bobkov, I.
V. Development trends among Moscow Oblast cities and some
issues in the regulation of the growth of Moscow. Soviet
Geography, Vol. 28, No. 4, Apr 1987. 244-55 pp. Silver Spring,
Maryland. In Eng.
Reasons for the continuing growth of central
Moscow in comparison with little growth in subsidiary cities in the
surrounding Moscow Oblast are examined. The author attributes this
uneven growth to the concentration of shopping facilities in central
Moscow. It is noted that past attempts to slow the growth of central
Moscow have failed and that the only strategy likely to succeed in the
future would involve developing the infrastructure of the surrounding
subcenters.
This is a translation of the Russian article in
Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR: Seriya Geograficheskaya (Moscow, USSR),
No. 5, 1986, pp. 52-61.
Location: Princeton University
Library (PR).
53:30067 Bogue,
Donald J.; Hartmann, David J. The ecology of race and
class in metropolitan America: 1980. ISBN 0-89836-020-X. 1987.
vi, 352 pp. University of Chicago, Community and Family Study Center:
Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
Socioeconomic and racial/ethnic
residential patterns within U.S. standard metropolitan statistical
areas (SMSAs) as of the 1980 census are analyzed. The unit of analysis
is the census tract, and data are from the 1980 census. Empirical
tests of standard theories of spatial location are performed for 128
variables, which are linked to socioeconomic status or racial/ethnic
classification. The authors develop a new set of generalizations
concerning the determinants of class and racial/ethnic ecological
patterning in U.S. metropolitan areas.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:30068 Ettlinger,
N.; Archer, J. C. City-size distributions and the world
urban system in the twentieth century. Environment and Planning A,
Vol. 19, No. 9, Sep 1987. 1,161-74 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"In
this paper we trace and interpret changes in the geographical pattern
and city-size distribution of the world's largest cities in the
twentieth century. Since 1900 the geographical distribution of these
cities has become increasingly dispersed; their city-size distribution
by rank was nearly linear in 1900 and 1940, and convex in 1980. We
interpret the convex distribution which emerged following World War 2
as reflecting an economically integrated but politically and
demographically partitioned global urban system. Our interpretation of
changes in size distribution of cities emphasizes demographic
considerations, largely neglected in previous investigations, including
migration and relative rates of population change."
Author's
address: Department of Geography, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE
68588-0135.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
53:30069 Fiala,
Robert; Kamens, David. Urban growth and the world polity
in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: a research agenda.
Studies in Comparative International Development, Vol. 21, No. 1,
Spring 1986. 23-35 pp. New Brunswick, New Jersey. In Eng.
The
impact of political factors on urbanization is considered. The scope
of the study is worldwide. The authors outline how political power,
particularly the rise of the nation-state, can influence the growth and
characteristics of urban systems. Comparisons are made between the
nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
53:30070 Geshev,
Gesho. Some aspects of demographic development in the
district of Sofia City. [Nyakoi aspekti na demografskoto razvitie
na okrag Sofiya-grad.] Naselenie, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1987. 50-66 pp. Sofia,
Bulgaria. In Bul. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The demographic
development of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria, is analyzed. The author
notes that the rapid growth of the city has disrupted the country's
urbanization plans as a whole and that the mountains surrounding the
city preclude the development of a satellite system of smaller urban
centers. A plan to divert production, education, and administration
functions to regional capitals to encourage their growth at Sofia's
expense is described.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:30071 Kesteloot,
Christian. Concentration of foreigners and urban policy in
Brussels. [Concentration d'etrangers et politique urbaine a
Bruxelles.] Revue Europeenne des Migrations Internationales, Vol. 2,
No. 3, Dec 1986. 151-68 pp. Poitiers, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng;
Dut.
The distribution of the foreign population of Brussels,
Belgium, is analyzed by nationality for the period 1970-1981. The
author notes that despite the increase in the number of foreigners
during this period, their concentration in specific areas did not
increase. The ethnic and socioeconomic factors affecting the
residential location of foreigners are discussed. Urban policy
concerning the foreign population is reviewed.
Author's address:
Institut voor Sociale en Economische Geografie, Katholieke Universiteit
te Leuven, de Croylaan 42-B, 3030 Heverlee,
Belgium.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30072 Michev,
Nikolai. Town formation and demographic development of the
towns along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast. [Gradoobrazuvane i
demografsko razvitie na gradovete po Balgarskoto chernomorsko
kraibrezhie.] Naselenie, Vol. 5, No. 1, 1987. 40-9 pp. Sofia, Bulgaria.
In Bul. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
Urban development trends along the
Black Sea Coast of Bulgaria are reviewed. Both historical trends and
developments since World War II are described.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30073 Miyao,
T. Long-run urban growth with agglomeration
economies. Environment and Planning A, Vol. 19, No. 8, Aug 1987.
1,083-92 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"It is widely recognized that
agglomeration economies are a crucially important factor in explaining
the existence and growth of urban areas, and therefore should be
explicitly taken into consideration in long-run urban growth analysis.
Once such economies are introduced, however, the urban economy tends to
diverge from a steady state equilibrium and may 'explode' without
limit. A possible way to solve this dilemma is shown. First, a simple
urban growth model with production and factor migration functions in
the presence of agglomeration economies is set up....Then, land is
introduced to show that the availability of the third factor of
production will make it more likely to achieve a steady growth
equilibrium in the presence of agglomeration economies. Last, the
model is generalized to include many factors of
production."
Author's address: Institute of Socio-Economic
Planning, University of Tsukuba, Sakura, Ibaraki 305,
Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
53:30074 Portes,
Alejandro; Johns, Michael. Class structure and spatial
polarization: an assessment of recent urban trends in Latin
America. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie/Journal
of Economic and Social Geography, Vol. 77, No. 5, 1986. 378-88 pp.
Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"In this paper, we review those
major trends characteristic of peripheral urbanization as they are
reflected in the recent Latin American experience. Such trends
include: urban primacy and the relative absence of secondary city
systems, the character and dynamics of the informal sector, housing
deficiencies and state housing policy, and the recent rise of popular
organizations oriented toward self-sufficiency or militant
demand-making. These trends are important because they represent the
form in which continuity and change of peripheral class structures are
reflected in space, both at the national and local levels....[The
authors conclude that] the political economy of Latin American cities
is one where the resolution to the plight of underdevelopment promised
by accelerated capitalist industrialization has not materialized.
Instead, the process has produced a more complex and more contradictory
social fabric."
Author's address: Department of Sociology, Johns
Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30075 Rakowski,
Witold. Areas of urbanization in Poland. [Obszary
urbanizowania w Polsce.] Biuletyn IGS, Vol. 27, No. 3-4, 1984. 67-86,
207, 216 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
Current
urbanization trends in Poland are analyzed. "In the first part of the
article the author presents the changes in the settlement network in
1945-1980 together with the process of concentration of population. In
the second part he describes the influence exerted by the big and
average towns."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:30076 Scharping,
Thomas. Urbanization in China since 1949. China
Quarterly, No. 109, Mar 1987. 101-9 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The author comments on the different conclusions reached by various
scholars concerning urbanization trends in China since 1949. In
particular, he comments on a recent article by Kam Wing Chan and
Xueqiang Xu and a book by R. J. R. Kirkby. A reply by Kam Wing Chan
(pp. 104-9) is included.
For the study by Chan and Xu, published in
1985, see 52:30076; for the study by Kirkby, also published in 1985,
see 52:10079.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
53:30077 Shrestha,
H. B. Projections of urbanization in Nepal: the
replacement dynamics approach. Economic Journal of Nepal, Vol. 8,
No. 3, Jul-Sep 1985. 33-5 pp. Kathmandu, Nepal. In Eng.
The author
uses a replacement dynamics model to decide the urbanization process as
a phenomenon in which the rural population is being replaced by the
urban population. The model is then used to project urbanization in
Nepal for the years 1952-1981 using 1952-1954 census
data.
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
53:30078 Suh, S.
H. On the size distribution of cities: an economic
interpretation of the Pareto coefficient. Environment and Planning
A, Vol. 19, No. 6, Jan 1987. 749-62 pp. London, England. In Eng.
"Both the hierarchy and the stochastic models of size distribution
of cities are analyzed in order to explain the Pareto coefficient by
economic variables. In hierarchy models, it is found that the rate of
variation in the productivity of cities and that in the probability of
emergence of cities can explain the Pareto coefficient. In stochastic
models, the productivity of cities is found to explain the Pareto
coefficient. New city-size distribution functions, in which the Pareto
coefficient is decomposed by economic variables, are
estimated."
Author's address: Department of Economics, Yonsei
University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Location: Princeton
University Library (UES).
53:30079 United
Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs (New
York, New York). The prospects of world urbanization,
revised as of 1984-85. Population Studies, No. 101;
ST/ESA/SER.A/101, Pub. Order No. E.87.XIII.3. ISBN 92-1-151163-1. 1987.
ix, 268 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
This report is the most
recent biennial update of U.N. data on trends in urban and rural
population growth worldwide. "It includes estimates and projections of
the aggregate urban and rural populations for all countries and areas
of the world, of the [99] individual urban agglomerations that had
population of 2 million or more in 1985, and of the capital cities of
those countries having a total population of 2 million or more in 1985.
For urban and rural populations, the estimates and projections cover a
75-year span from 1950 to 2025, while for urban agglomerations, the
coverage is a 50-year span, from 1950 to 2000." The final chapter
"describes the methodology and assumptions used in the estimations and
projections. Detailed tables for different urbanization indicators for
all countries in the world are given in the annex
tables."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:30080 Veron,
Jacques. Urbanization in India (1901-1981).
[L'urbanisation indienne (1901-1981).] Population, Vol. 42, No. 3,
May-Jun 1987. 485-502 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
A review of urbanization trends in India over the course of the
twentieth century is presented. The author notes that although the
rate of urbanization has only increased from 11 to 23 percent, the
number of urban dwellers has grown from 26 million in 1901 to 126
million in 1981. Differences in the level of urbanization by state are
considered. The growing importance of cities with over 100,000
population is discussed.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:30081
Wakabayashi, Keiko. Regional development planning
and migration: the Fourth Comprehensive National Development
Plan. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of Population Problems, No. 182,
Apr 1987. 18-35 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn. with sum. in Eng.
The
author discusses urbanization, rural-urban migration, and urban
planning in Japan. The focus is on the Fourth Comprehensive National
Development Plan, issued in 1986; some references to urbanization and
economic growth since the 1940s are included. The growing size and
increasing economic importance of the Tokyo Metropolitan Region are
noted.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
No citations in this issue.
