53:20651 Asian
Population and Development Association (Tokyo, Japan).
Demographic and socio-economic indicators on population and
development. Population and Development Series, No. 6, Feb 1987.
64 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
This report presents a selection of
demographic and socioeconomic indicators for a wide range of countries.
The data are from U.N. and World Bank sources. The report has two
stated objectives: the first is to examine the relationship between
population and development; the second is to show the relative
demographic situation of Asian countries. Data are provided on
population size and growth; age distribution; urban population; summary
vital statistics; life expectancy; population per doctor, nurse, and
teacher; nutrition, health, and education expenditure; school
enrollment; literacy; GNP; labor force; industry; food production; and
development assistance
Publisher's address: Room No. 710 Nagatacho
TBR Building, 10-2 Nagatacho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100
Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20652 Barlow,
Robin. Correlations between population growth and economic
growth. Center for Research on Economic Development Discussion
Paper, No. 115, Mar 1986. 13 pp. University of Michigan, Center for
Research on Economic Development: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng. with
sum. in Fre.
The author discusses selected studies concerning the
relationships between economic growth and population growth in both
developing and developed countries. "This paper reviews the simple
cross-sectional correlations between population growth and per capita
income growth appearing in earlier studies, and uses both old and new
data sets to obtain some more correlations. It is concluded that for
periods during the last forty years, the correlations among low-income
countries tend to be zero, while those among high-income countries and
among all countries combined tend to be negative. The limitations of
simple correlation for inferring causal linkages between population
growth and per capita income growth are also
discussed."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20653 Asian
Population and Development Association (Tokyo, Japan).
Report on the basic survey of population and development in
Southeast Asian countries: India. Mar 1986. 115 pp. Tokyo, Japan.
In Eng.
The findings of a 1985 survey concerning population and
development problems in India are reported. The survey covered a
sample of 280 households in two regions. In the first two chapters, an
overview of population dynamics and health issues in India is
presented, and various aspects of urbanization are discussed. Tables
in the third chapter provide information on the survey sample,
including age distribution, place of birth, income and occupational
status, consumption of selected durable goods, educational status,
delivery of health services, family planning practice, family
characteristics and size, married women in the labor force, and
migration. A sample of the questionnaire used is
included
Publisher's address: Nagatacho TBR Building, Room 710,
10-2, Nagatacho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100,
Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20654 Bilsborrow,
Richard E. Population pressures and agricultural
development in developing countries: a conceptual framework and recent
evidence. World Development, Vol. 15, No. 2, Feb 1987. 183-203 pp.
Elmsford, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The purposes of this
paper are (a) to develop a more comprehensive conceptual approach for
investigating the responses to increases in rural population density in
developing countries; and (b) to present recent empirical evidence
illustrating these responses. The variety of responses is empirically
illustrated for broad regions in developing countries, including
increases in arable land, land intensification, out-migration, and
fertility decline, though the focus is on the economic changes.
Viewing the economic changes both across countries and over time
suggests wide scope for further increases in agricultural output, even
with existing technology. Nevertheless, prospects for raising living
standards in the developing countries are better with slower rates of
population growth."
This is a revised version of a paper originally
presented at the 1979 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of
America (see Population Index, Vol. 45, No. 3, Fall 1979, p.
374).
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
53:20655 Breman,
Jan. Of peasants, migrants and paupers: rural labour
circulation and capitalist production in West India. ISBN
0-19-561649-9. 1985. xxv, 472 pp. Oxford University Press: Delhi,
India. In Eng.
The process of agricultural change and modernization
in rural Gujarat, India, is analyzed, with a focus on the impact of
this process on the landless poor and migrants. The study is based on
fieldwork carried out between 1977 and 1982. It is shown that the
development of modern capitalist farming methods, involving the
dissolution of feudal agrarian relations, has had a negative impact on
the bonded laborers, who have lost traditional rights of employment and
other benefits without gaining access to the newly instituted minimum
wage. The competition between local landless poor and migrant laborers
for available jobs has aggravated the existing situtation. The
consequences of such a process for short-term migration and long-term
social change are analyzed.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:20656 Fong,
Chan-Onn. Population-development program implementation:
the Malaysian experience. Economic Development and Cultural
Change, Vol. 35, No. 3, Apr 1987. 539-60 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
The author considers the relationship between population and
development programs and the contribution of integrated programs in
Malaysia. "The program performance of two well-known Malaysian
population-development programs--the maternal and child-health (MCH/FP)
and the Federal Land Development Authority (Felda) programs--and the
single-purpose FP [family planning] program are analyzed and
compared....A brief background of the Malaysian population-development
programs is provided. The methodology utilized in the paper is then
discussed, followed by a presentation of the results." After assessing
a number of organizational, integrational, and community-support
variables for the three programs, the author concludes that "the
Malaysian population-development programs are more effective than their
single-purpose FP counterpart, and a large part of the improvement in
their effectiveness can be attributed to integration itself, which
enabled the generation of more community support for the
programs."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPIA).
53:20657 Irfan,
Mohammad. Poverty and household demographic behaviour in
Pakistan--insights from PLM survey 1979. Studies in Population,
Labour Force and Migration: Project Report, No. 11, Jun 1985. 57, [10]
pp. Pakistan Institute of Development Economics [PIDE]: Islamabad,
Pakistan. In Eng.
The author seeks to identify socioeconomic
correlates of poverty in rural areas of Pakistan and to assess the
relationship between fertility behavior and poverty. Three measures of
poverty are studied: calorie deficiency, child schooling, and infant
mortality. Data from the Population, Labour Force and Migration (PLM)
survey and other sources are used to assess the relationship between
the poverty so identified and households characteristics such as
household income, land ownership, tenurial status and education of the
head of the household which form the basis of the class structure used
in this paper. Whether the fertility behaviour of the poverty stricken
groups is distinct or not is also briefly discussed to understand the
interrelationship between demography and poverty."
It is found that
"socioeconomic groups suffering from higher level of calorie deficiency
also mark a poor performance in infant mortality and child schooling."
Concerning demographic behavior, "the findings of this paper suggest
that the size as well as the formation of household is a response and
represents a household survival strategy....That large family size may
constitute a source of strength rather than burden appears to be the
case in rural areas of Pakistan....The fertility behaviour of the
poverty stricken groups is not found significantly different than the
average. It [is] noted that except a selected top income group the
reproductive behaviour in Pakistan is fairly
homogeneous."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20658 Margulis,
Mario; Tuiran, Rodolfo. Development and population in the
northern frontier: the case of Reynosa. [Desarrollo y poblacion
en la frontera norte: el caso de Reynosa.] ISBN 968-12-0322-4. 1986.
323 pp. Colegio de Mexico, Centro de Estudios Demograficos y de
Desarrollo Urbano: Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa.
This study is
concerned with the development process in the Mexican border town of
Reynosa, with particular reference to the impact of its proximity to a
highly developed economy on the U.S. side of the border. The rapid
growth of population and the factors affecting it are considered,
including economic activity and the reproductive strategies of
households.
Location: New York Public Library.
53:20659 Mason,
Andrew; Suits, Daniel B.; Koo, Sung-Yeal; Ogawa, Naohiro; Phananiramai,
Mathana; Sigit, Hananto. Population growth and economic
development: lessons from selected Asian countries. Policy
Development Studies, No. 10, 1986. 84 pp. United Nations Fund for
Population Activities [UNFPA]: New York, New York. In Eng.
The
relationship between population and development is examined, with the
focus on selected Asian countries that have had particular success in
reducing fertility. The countries considered include the Republic of
Korea, Japan, Indonesia, and Thailand. The report summarizes findings
of a recent cooperative research project involving the East-West
Population Institute, Nihon University, and the United Nations Fund for
Population Activities (UNFPA). It concludes that "by reducing their
rates of childbearing, the four countries studied have been able to
achieve higher material standards of living. Fertility reduction is
shown to result in greater expenditures on education, leading to a more
productive labour force, higher rates of saving and investment, and
populations with greater numbers of people of working age." The extent
to which population policies have contributed to fertility declines is
also examined.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:20660 Poston,
Dudley L.; El-Badry, Samia M. Modernization and
childlessness among the governorates of the Arab Republic of Egypt,
1976. Journal of Biosocial Science, Vol. 19, No. 2, Apr 1987.
181-93 pp. Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"This paper examines the
degree to which childlessness is influenced by levels of modernization
among the governorates of the Arab Republic of Egypt. In 1976, the
higher the levels of modernization, the lower the rates of
childlessness among women aged 30 and over, and the higher the rates of
childlessness among women aged 20-30. The implications of these
results for fertility and development are discussed." The data used
are from the 1976 census.
Author's address: Population Research
Center, University of Texas, Austin, TX.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20661 Prabhakara,
N. R.; Usha, M. N. Population growth and unemployment in
India. ISBN 81-7024-041-7. 1986. ix, 102 pp. Ashish Publishing
House: New Delhi, India. In Eng.
This is a study of the problems of
unemployment and poverty in India. The majority of the data are from
the National Sample Survey and concern the state of Karnataka. The
results indicate that the situation regarding unemployment and
underemployment deteriorated over the decade
1961-1971.
Location: New York Public Library.
53:20662 Sindiga,
Isaac. Population and development in Maasailand,
Kenya. Pub. Order No. DA8701285. 1986. 332 pp. University
Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This study
investigates the magnitude and spatial variation of population pressure
in Maasailand [Kenya]. Another purpose is to assess government
response to population pressure. It is argued that population is a
critical component in regional development especially in the short
term." A historical analysis of the emergence of population pressure
is followed by an examination of current carrying capacities in the
various ecological zones
This work was prepared as a doctoral
dissertation at Syracuse University.
Source: Dissertation
Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 47(9).
53:20663 Singh, L.
R.; Dubey, K. N. Demographic development in a developing
economy: a case study of Uttar Pradesh. Population Geography,
Vol. 7, No. 1-2, Jun-Dec 1985. 27-39 pp. Chandigarh, India. In Eng.
"Patterns of and trends in demographic development in the Indian
state of Uttar Pradesh have been analysed in this paper. Indices of
urbanisation, literacy and occupational structure were used for this
purpose. Their aggregate index represented the level of demographic
development." The data are for 242 subdivisions of Uttar Pradesh for
the census years 1971 and 1981. Particular attention is given to
regional differentials in demographic indicators. The relationships
among economic development and the measurements of literacy,
urbanization, and occupational status are
explored.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20664 Treas,
Judith; Logue, Barbara. Economic development and the older
population. Population and Development Review, Vol. 12, No. 4, Dec
1986. 645-73, 821, 823 pp. New York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in
Fre; Spa.
"The implications of aging populations and of increasing
proportions aged 65 and older have only recently emerged as a concern
on the policy agenda in the less developed world. After sketching the
demographic context of aging in less developed regions, this article
presents a conceptual framework for relating the older population to
development policy. Four perspectives on the aged are identified as
implicit in development policies: (1) the aged as a low priority, (2)
the aged as an impediment, (3) the aged as a resource, and (4) the aged
as victims. These overlapping and at times competing perspectives are
evaluated in terms of the benefits and pitfalls they imply for
development strategies."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:20665 Verduzco,
Gustavo; Munoz, Humberto; Stern, Claudio; Bronfman, Mario.
Proceedings of the Latin American Conference on Population and
Development: held in Mexico City, November 8-10, 1983, Vol. 1.
[Memorias del Congreso Latinoamericano de Poblacion y Desarrollo:
celebrado en la Ciudad de Mexico del 8 al 10 de noviembre de 1983,
Volumen 1.] ISBN 968-12-0273-2. [1984]. [1,119] pp. Colegio de Mexico:
Mexico City, Mexico; Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico [UNAM]:
Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa.
These are the proceedings of a
conference on population and development in Latin America held in
Mexico City in November 1983. In addition to papers concerned with
general issues pertaining to the relationship between population and
development, sessions are included on mortality, the labor force, the
use of demographic information in development programs, changes in the
agricultural structure, the family, international migration, local
migration and spatial distribution, and the fertility
decline.
Location: U.N. Centro Latinoamericano de
Demografia, Santiago, Chile.
53:20666 Birg,
Herwig. A biography approach to theoretical
demography. IBS-Materialien, No. 23, ISBN 3-923340-12-5. 1986. iv,
117 pp. Universitat Bielefeld, Institut fur Bevolkerungsforschung und
Sozialpolitik: Bielefeld, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Eng.
This study of generative, or reproductive, behavior uses data from
the Federal Republic of Germany and begins with background on the
development of biographic theory, an approach used in the study of the
effects of economic change on the generative behavior of industrial and
postindustrial societies. Models are presented that are designed to
reveal "the connection between labour market dynamics, the evolution of
the family in society and generative behaviour." The author details
the concepts, hypotheses, and models pertaining to biographic theory.
A questionnaire that will survey 1,500 people of a particular group, or
biographic type and class, is also described.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20667
d'Entremont, Alban. Demographic
totalitarianism. [Totalitarismo demografico.] Nuestro Tiempo, Vol.
65, No. 385-386, Jul-Aug 1986. 125 pp. Pamplona, Spain. In Spa.
This is a collection of articles, mostly translated from the
original English, on the implications of current population trends in
developed countries. The emphasis is on the decline of fertility to
below replacement level and the factors that have led to this
situation.
Location: New York Public Library.
53:20668 Demery,
David; Ogawa, Naohiro. New lessons on population and
economic change from the Japanese Meiji experience. NUPRI Research
Paper Series, No. 39, Mar 1987. vi, 25 pp. Nihon University, Population
Research Institute: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
The authors examine
population growth and economic development in Meiji Japan, focusing in
particular on two earlier studies, one by Allen Kelley and Jeffrey G.
Williamson and one by Naohiro Ogawa and Daniel B. Suits. "In the first
half of this paper, a theoretical explanation for the differences in
the conclusions between these two models is given. In the second half,
a new 'hybrid' model is formulated, by incorporating important features
of both Kelley-Williamson and Ogawa-Suits models. In addition, a few
historical counterfactual simulations are conducted to highlight the
role of the 'model closure' adopted."
For the article by Ogawa and
Suits, published in 1982, see 49:30599.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20669 Entorf,
Horst; Hohorst, Gerd. Demographic-economic time series
variations--process development of a demographic-economic system?
Combined time series and principal components analyses of
demographic-economic system variables in Prussia from the Napoleonic
wars to World War I. [Demographisch-okonomische
Zeitreihenvariationen--Prozessentwicklung eines demookonomischen
Systems? Kombinierte Zeitreihen- und Hauptkomponentenanalysen
demookonomischer Systemvariablen von den Napoleonischen Kriegen bis zum
Ersten Weltkrieg in Preussen.] Zeitschrift fur
Bevolkerungswissenschaft, Vol. 12, No. 4, 1986. 473-89 pp. Wiesbaden,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger. with sum. in Eng; Fre.
"In
this study, the authors examine interdependences of demographic and
economic system variables. The demographic variables of births,
marriages, deaths, and excess of births, and economic indicators such
as prices of food and per capita income are used as [a] database. The
instruments of univariate [and] bivariate spectral analysis as well as
the principal components analysis are used to identify the
relationships." The geographic focus is on the German state of
Prussia. Dominating cycles of seven to eight years for economic
variables and about four years for demographic variables result. "The
factor loadings of the principal components suggest that there is no
separability of economic and demographic components....Along with a
significant natural lag of the birth date by comparison with the
marriage date, the results of the cross spectral analysis reveal that
births--if compared with the economic variables--are trailing behind.
Therefore, the cyclical total rhythm may be assumed to be initiated
economically."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:20670 Ermisch,
John; Joshi, Heather. Demographic change, economic growth
and social welfare. In: European Population Conference 1987.
Plenaries/Congres Europeen de Demographie 1987. Seances plenieres,
edited by the International Union for the Scientific Study of
Population and the European Association for Population Studies. 1987.
329-86 pp. Central Statistical Office: Helsinki, Finland. In Eng. with
sum. in Fre.
"In this paper we examine the economic rationale for
concern about the falling rate of growth of Europe's population. Does
slow, zero or negative population growth matter from the point of view
of its effect on the capacity of the economy to improve social
welfare?" It is concluded that "there may be long-term economic
effects of demographic change on a stationary Europe's capacity to
generate technical progress and to sustain economic growth. There
could also be problems in the twenty-first century about financing the
state pensions promised to some of the baby boom generation."
Alternatives to a deliberate pro-natalist policy solution are
discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20671 Fua,
Giorgio. The economic consequences of population
trends. [Conseguenze economiche dell'evoluzione demografica.]
Collana degli Societa Italiana degli Economisti, ISBN 88-15-01236-2.
1986. 204 pp. Il Mulino: Bologna, Italy. In Ita.
This is a
collection of studies by various authors on the economic consequences
of demographic trends. The studies were presented at a working session
organized at the 26th annual meeting of the Societa Italiana degli
Economisti. The geographic focus is on Italy, with consideration given
to the rest of Europe. Chapters are included on population and
economic stagnation, demographic factors in Italian economic theory,
current demographic trends in Italy, demographic trends and labor
supply, a new methodology to analyze employment prospects, the problems
of countries of immigration, population characteristics and consumer
demand, demographic trends and housing, the condition of the aged,
demographic trends and pensions, the aging of the population and health
services, and demographic trends and education.
Location:
New York Public Library.
53:20672 McNicoll,
Geoffrey. Economic growth with below-replacement
fertility. In: Below-replacement fertility in industrial
societies: causes, consequences, policies, edited by Kingsley Davis,
Mikhail S. Bernstam, and Rita Ricardo-Campbell. Population and
Development Review, Vol. 12, Suppl., 1987. 217-47 pp. Population
Council: New York, New York. In Eng.
"In this article I take
continuing below-replacement fertility as the premise and look to
identify and weigh economic outcomes that plausibly follow. My
interest is in the industrialized countries, principally the United
States....The broad themes I have used are those of distribution and
selectivity: distribution across time, across social strata and other
groupings, and across states; selectivity in recruitment to national
elites, to middle class well-being, to citizenship in the affluent,
low-fertility world. The social processes thus defined are modified by
new patterns of fertility both directly and through the responses of
government. The resulting economic effects of low fertility depend in
large measure on the combinations in which and the degree to which
those processes are changed." Changes in international economic
relationships are considered. Comments by Ester Boserup (pp. 238-43),
Thomas G. Moore (pp. 243-4), and Carmel U. Chiswick (pp. 244-7) are
included.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20673
Ricardo-Campbell, Rita. U.S. social security under
low fertility. In: Below-replacement fertility in industrial
societies: causes, consequences, policies, edited by Kingsley Davis,
Mikhail S. Bernstam, and Rita Ricardo-Campbell. Population and
Development Review, Vol. 12, Suppl., 1987. 296-317 pp. Population
Council: New York, New York. In Eng.
"Focusing on existing social
security programs in the United States, this article discusses ways to
minimize their negative societal impacts and to cope with emerging
below-replacement fertility. Inasmuch as the very survival of social
security systems depends on the levels of reproduction, this article
considers probable adjustments of social security under conditions of
below-replacement fertility." Family allowances, full and part-time
employment for women, and the need to positively reinforce the value of
childbearing and child rearing are also discussed. A comment by
Annelise Anderson (pp. 313-7) is included.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20674 Weaver,
Carolyn L. Social security in aging societies. In:
Below-replacement fertility in industrial societies: causes,
consequences, policies, edited by Kingsley Davis, Mikhail S. Bernstam,
and Rita Ricardo-Campbell. Population and Development Review, Vol. 12,
Suppl., 1987. 273-95 pp. Population Council: New York, New York. In
Eng.
The aging populations of selected industrialized countries are
compared, and the future of these countries' social security systems is
anticipated. Population projections to 2025 are presented, and the
significance of these figures for determining retirement policies is
noted. The author discusses dependency ratios, pay-as-you-go social
security systems, recent developments in these systems, and the
governments' differing responses to aging populations and aging social
security systems. A comment by Thomas G. Moore (p. 295) is
included.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20675 Kellman,
Mitchell. World hunger: a neo-Malthusian
perspective. ISBN 0-275-92247-2. LC 86-21221. 1987. xviii, 242 pp.
Praeger: New York, New York/London, England. In Eng.
The author
examines the relationship between global food production and population
growth. Data on food production from 1885 to the present are analyzed.
Particular attention is given to examples of successful innovations in
food-producing technologies that were adopted in response to population
pressures and hunger crises. The author first reviews the literature.
Five separate hypotheses concerning the relationship between population
growth and food supply are then considered and are tested by time and
region. The general conclusion is against Malthusian or doomsday
interpretations and in favor of adaptive or optimistic conclusions
concerning the world's ability to feed a growing
population.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20676 Population
Crisis Committee (Washington, D.C.). Food and population:
three country studies. Population, No. 18, Apr 1987. 8 pp.
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The relationship between food supply and
population growth is examined in three case studies concerning India,
Kenya, and Mexico. In each case it is shown that despite increases in
agricultural production, rapid population growth has led to an increase
in malnutrition.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:20677 United
Nations. Secretariat (New York, New York). Population,
resources, environment and development: highlights of the issues in
the context of the World Population Plan of Action. Population
Bulletin of the United Nations, No. 17, 1985. 1-16 pp. New York, New
York. In Eng.
The relationships among population, resources,
environment, and development are examined in light of the World
Population Plan of Action. "In the present paper those relationships
are examined as they relate to meeting the needs of growing populations
for nutrition, education, health, employment, old age security and a
just distribution of the benefits of development. Account is taken of
how attempts to meet those needs will impact on the conservation of the
resource base and the preservation of the quality of the environment.
In particular, the prospects for having adequate supplies of mineral
resources, especially those related to energy, and sufficient arable
land will be reviewed in the light of the impact of growing populations
and rising standards of living. Also considered will be the problem of
maintaining the quality of the atmosphere and the water
supply."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20678 Asian
Population and Development Association (Tokyo, Japan).
Labor force and development in Japan. Population and
Development Series, No. 5, Dec 1986. 105 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
This is a collection of six papers by various authors on aspects of
the development of the labor force in Japan since World War II,
together with a general introduction. Topics covered include the
relationship between the labor force and economic development,
demographic aging, technological innovation, regional distribution, and
projections of the labor force
Publisher's address: Room No. 710
Nagatacho TBR Building, 10-2 Nagatacho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100
Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20679 Balicki,
Andrzej. A probability model of the labor turnover process
and non-parametric methods of its estimation using cohort data.
[Probabilistyczny model procesu plynnosci kadr i nieparametryczne jego
szacowanie przy uzyciu danych kohortowych.] Studia Demograficzne, Vol.
2, No. 4/86, 1986. 71-83 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng;
Rus.
This is the continuation of a study involving the use of
cohort analysis to study labor force turnover in Poland. The focus
here is on estimating the probability of labor turnover using
non-parametric methods. Various estimates of these probabilistic
functions for selected industrial firms are presented.
For a related
study by the same author, also published in 1986, see 53:10702.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20680 Baron,
Malka. Changes in the age structure of Israel's population
and their effect on the labor market, 1965-82. Economic Review,
Bank of Israel, No. 58, Summer 1986. 1-28 pp. Jerusalem, Israel. In
Eng.
Changes in the age structure of the population of Israel
between 1965 and 1982 are analyzed. The author suggests that such
changes had a greater effect on the economy than did net immigration
and that they had an impact on the recession of 1966-1967, the boom of
1971-1973, and the slowdown of 1980-1982. The emphasis is on changes
in the age group 25-34.
Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
53:20681 Chow, Rita;
Krishnan, Parameswara; Lalu, Nirannanilat. Female working
life expectancy, Canada 1921-1971: results from an application of
model working life tables. Canadian Studies in Population, Vol.
13, No. 2, 1986. 181-92 pp. Edmonton, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"Estimates of working life expectancy for Canadian females have
been generated with the help of model working life tables for the
census years 1921 through 1971. It is seen that the expected working
life has increased over this time period. The analysis shows that the
major contributor to this increase is the increase in female labour
force participation."
Author's address: University of Alberta,
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:20682 Jones,
Gavin. Differentials in female labour force participation
rates in Indonesia: reflection of economic needs and opportunities,
culture or bad data? Majalah Demografi Indonesia/Indonesian
Journal of Demography, Vol. 13, No. 26, Dec 1986. ii-iii, 1-28 pp.
Jakarta, Indonesia. In Eng. with sum. in Ind.
The author analyzes
differences in labor force participation among groups of Indonesian
women. The focus is on differences by region and by educational
status. The results indicate that economic factors partially explain
these differentials, with higher levels of economic activity among the
uneducated and highly educated than among those with primary or junior
high school education. Cultural factors are also relevant, with
Javanese and Balinese having higher female participation rates than
other groups, such as the Sundanese and Buginese.
Author's address:
State Ministry of Population and Environment, Jakarta,
Indonesia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20683 Kotliar,
A. Labor resources and the current economic development of
the USSR. Problems of Economics, Vol. 29, No. 12, Apr 1987. 5-22
pp. Armonk, New York. In Eng.
Future trends in labor resources in
the USSR are analyzed. The author estimates that there will be a
potential labor surplus by the end of this century. The need to plan
for the large-scale displacement of labor in advance is noted.
This
is a translation of the Russian article in Ekonomicheskie Nauki
(Moscow, USSR), No. 12, 1985, pp. 3-12.
Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
53:20684 Matin, Khan
A. Working life tables, Bangladesh 1981. Janasamkhya,
Vol. 4, No. 1, Jun 1986. 65-79 pp. Kariavattom, India. In Eng.
"This paper presents the results on the construction of working
life tables for males and females in Bangladesh in 1981. The
population census of Bangladesh, 1981 forms the main source of data for
this study. The life table values developed under the United Nations
Family of Model Life Tables--South Asian pattern were used for the
development of the working life table." Findings concerning labor
force participation rates, the dependency burden, loss of working years
due to mortality, and differences in male and female participation in
the labor force in Bangladesh are compared with similar information for
other South Asian countries.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:20685 Montgomery,
Mark; Trussell, James. Models of marital status and
childbearing. Handbook of labor economics, Vol. I, edited by O.
Ashenfelter and R. Layard, 1986. 205-71 pp. Elsevier Science
Publishers: New York, New York/Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
The
authors review the microeconomic models of marital status and
childbearing that have implictions for female labor supply. The
geographic focus is on developed countries, primarily the United
States. "Section 2 contains a review for the United States of trends
in those demographic variables which are strongly associated with
female labor supply: age at first marriage, marital dissolution, age at
first birth, the number of children born over the life cycle, and the
age pattern of fertility." Section 3 is concerned with demographic
models and the empirical regularities in demographic behavior. The
microeconomic models that attempt to explain the facts described in
Sections 2 and 3 are then considered. "Section 4 explores models of
marital status, and in Section 5 the single-period models of lifetime
fertility decisions are reviewed. Section 6 is concerned with the
efforts of Wolpin (1984), Newman (1985), and Hotz and Miller (1985) to
extend the single-period fertility models to dynamic settings with
uncertainty."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20686 Robinson,
Patricia. Women's work interruptions: results from the
1984 Family History Survey. [Interruptions de travail chez les
femmes: resultats de l'Enquete sur la famille de 1984.] Pub. Order No.
99-962. ISBN 0-660-52895-9. Jan 1987. 36, 40 pp. Statistics Canada,
Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division: Ottawa, Canada. In Eng;
Fre.
"This report, one of a series of studies based on
retrospective [Canadian] data collected by the 1984 Family History
Survey, examines relationships between work interruptions and
family-related events, particularly the birth of children."
Differences between men and women concerning interruptions in labor
force participation are compared. The author notes changes in work
interruptions over time concerning not only births, but also
marriages.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20687 Rosenzweig,
Mark R. Labor markets in low-income countries:
distortions, mobility and migration. Economic Development Center
Bulletin, No. 87-5, Apr 1987. 70 pp. University of Minnesota,
Department of Economics, Economic Development Center: Minneapolis,
Minnesota. In Eng.
The author discusses "the operation of
low-income labor markets with reference to the models that have been
and continue to be influential in shaping the study of such markets.
These models are evaluated in terms of their ablity to shed light on
the realities of the allocaton, pricing and employment of labor in
low-income countries." The first section is concerned with employment
and wage determination in the rural, agricultural sector. The author
then considers rural labor contracts in incomplete, agricultural labor
markets. The third section deals with the efficient allocation of
labor across sectors and regions as well as barriers to mobility.
"Models of migration incorporating human capital investments,
information and capital constraints, uncertainty with respect to
employment, riskiness in annual incomes, temporary migration,
remittances, and heterogeneity in preferences and abilities among
workers are discussed. Section IV is concerned with urban labor
markets, and addresses issues concerning the duality of urban labor
markets and unemployment determination." In the final section, the
author suggests areas for future research, including life-cycle and
intergenerational labor market mobility.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20688 Saleh,
Kamal S. Recent changes in the labour force structure in
Jordan and its implications. In: Studies in African and Asian
demography: CDC annual seminar, 1986. CDC Research Monograph Series,
No. 16, 1987. 227-58 pp. Cairo Demographic Centre: Cairo, Egypt. In
Eng.
The author analyzes the industrial distribution, occupational
structure, and employment status of Jordan's labor force for the period
1961-1982. Data are from the 1961 and 1979 censuses and the 1982-1983
Manpower Sample Survey. "Interrelations between industry and
occupation and between each of them and employment status [are]
studied."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20689 Taeuber,
Cynthia M.; Valdisera, Victor. Women in the American
economy. Current Population Reports, Series P-23: Special
Studies, No. 146, Nov 1986. vi, 45 pp. U.S. Bureau of the Census:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This report reviews trends and
implications of the economic status of U.S. women both for society as a
whole and for the individuals concerned. Consideration is given to the
economic consequences of changes in social and demographic trends such
as living arrangements, fertility, and marriage. Differences by age,
race, and ethnic group are considered. The emphasis is on changes
occurring since the early 1970s.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:20690 Taylor,
Jeffrey R. Employment outlook for China to the year
2000. CIR Staff Paper, No. 16, Mar 1986. 43 pp. U.S. Bureau of the
Census, Center for International Research: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author examines China's employment outlook to the year 2000.
Attention is given to employment levels, 1985-2000; employment
participation rates, 1985-2000; and the ratio of nonworking to working
population, 1985-2000. The projection methodology used and detailed
medium projection results are contained in appendixes. It is projected
that China's total workforce will grow by 26 percent between 1985 and
2000 and that the greatest increase in employment will come in urban
areas. The overall ratio of workers to total population aged 15 and
above is expected to decline slightly, while the author anticipates
that the workers' burden in caring for the aged will begin to
rise.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20691 van der
Wijst, Ton. Green and grey industries? An international
comparison of developments in the age structure of the labor force by
industry. [Groene en grijze bedrijfstakken? Een internationale
vergelijking van de ontwikkeling in de leeftijdsstructuur van de
beroepsbevolking naar bedrijfstak.] Bevolking en Gezin, No. 2, Dec
1986. 85-111 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
"This
article reviews the changing age distribution of the labour force by
industry in twelve selected countries in Europe and North America. The
period considered regards the years 1970-1982." The results indicate
that although the median age of the labor force is decreasing, the
proportion of those under 25 declined. The young are poorly
represented in agriculture, mining, and public utilities and strongly
represented in trade, construction, and business services. The
proportion of those over 55 declined in all countries, even in
agriculture, in which this age group is strongly
represented.
Author's address: Netherlands Interuniversity
Demographic Institute, P.O. Box 11650, 2502 AR The Hague,
Netherlands.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20692 Walsh,
Brendan M. Unemployment: the demographic dimension.
Centre for Economic Research Policy Paper, No. 21, Sep 1986. [33] pp.
University College, Dublin, Department of Political Economy, Centre for
Economic Research: Dublin, Ireland. In Eng.
The author reviews the
arguments and evidence concerning ways in which demographic variables
affect the labor force and the economy. Particular attention is given
to demographic explanations for unemployment. The geographic focus is
on Ireland. Population growth and economic welfare, potential and
actual population growth in Ireland, the age structure of the labor
force, and the effects of changing labor force participation rates are
discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
