53:20032 Champion,
A. G. Population deconcentration in Britain 1971-84.
Department of Geography Seminar Paper, No. 49, Jan 1987. 61 pp.
University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Department of Geography: Newcastle
upon Tyne, England. In Eng.
"This paper uses the annual population
estimates to show that Census-based analyses of the urban-rural shift
in population distribution [in Britain] present a rather distorted
impression of the phasing of counterurbanisation trends. While the
average rates of rural gains and urban losses were higher for 1971-81
than for 1961-71, aggregations of the annual data for local authority
Districts to the official administrative units and to groupings of
similar areas reveal that the level of population deconcentration
peaked at the beginning of the 1970s and that most of that decade
featured the downwave of a longer cycle of decentralisation which had
its origins at least as early as the first half of the
1960s."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20033 Harris,
Ray. SIR-A imagery of Tunisia and its potential for
population estimation. International Journal of Remote Sensing,
Vol. 6, No. 7, 1985. 975-8 pp. London, England. In Eng.
The value
of Shuttle Imaging Radar images for the estimation of population is
considered using a 1981 example for Tunisia. The results are compared
with 1975 census data. The results show that the relationship of image
areas to population is reasonably strong in areas where settlements are
relatively small and have a uniform and low building
density.
Location: Columbia University Libraries, New York,
N.Y.
53:20034 Kellerman,
Aharon. Population dispersal: forecasting and reality in
the 4 million population plan for Israel. In: Geography Research
Forum, Vol. 8, edited by Eliahu Stern and Shaul Krakover. ISBN
0-88738-625-3. 1987. 53-72 pp. Transaction Books: New Brunswick, New
Jersey/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"The 4 million population plan for
Israel with a target year of 1981 is presented and analyzed in
comparison with reality. The plan, approved by government, called for
a modest continued population diffusion from the highly urbanized
coastal plain to outlying regions. Although the forecast for the total
population was almost accurate, the ratio between Jewish and Arab
populations was different from that predicted because the behavior of
parameters was different from that assumed. The geographical
distribution by district has only partially achieved the planned goal.
This is true also for metropolitan areas." The author also considers
the political economy context, government policy, the role of
in-migration, the Arab minority, the success of Israeli population
distribution policies, and earlier plans and
forecasts.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20035 Makki,
Mohammad S. Regional and urban population size weights in
Saudi Arabia, 1962-1974. GeoJournal, Vol. 13, No. 2, Sep 1986.
111-8 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
"The aim of this paper is
to study the development of population weights for regions and urban
centres in Saudi Arabia through the period 1962-1974. In order to
achieve this aim some non-parametric statistical rules have been used
such as rank-size rule and the four-city index. The results show
non-balanced distribution of population on both regional and urban
scales. The concentration of people in urban centres is more
pronounced than the concentration in regions. This is due to internal
and external movement of population towards large-sized urban
centres."
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington,
D.C.
53:20036 McGuire,
Martin C. Private production, collective consumption, and
regional population structure: the interactions between public and
private good provision as determinants of community composition.
Journal of Regional Science, Vol. 26, No. 4, Nov 1986. 677-705 pp.
Peace Dale, Rhode Island. In Eng.
"Theories of trade and migration
explain the distribution of individuals among regions based on private
good productivities. The theory of local public goods (LPG's) uses
collective good consumption economies to explain the size and
composition of communities. This essay combines the two theories, to
explore regional population heterogeneity and stability. Assuming that
individuals must consume and produce in the same jurisdiction, the
paper examines the nature of efficient allocations, the tensions
between the private and public incentives, the nature of the
equilibrium (if any) which migration among jurisdictions will generate,
and how such equilibrium will depend on tax rules for sharing the costs
of the LPG."
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
53:20037 Prabhakara,
N. R. Internal migration and population redistribution in
India: some reflections. 1986. xi, 117 pp. Concept Publishing:
New Delhi, India. In Eng.
The impact of internal migration on the
spatial distribution of the population of India by sex is analyzed
using data from the 1971 census. The primary focus of the study is on
population change in the state of Karnataka. Particular attention is
given to child migration and to rural-urban
migration.
Location: New York Public Library.
53:20038 Sallnow,
John. Belorussia: the demographic transition and the
settlement network in the 1980s. Soviet Geography, Vol. 28, No. 1,
Jan 1987. 25-33 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
Changes in the
pattern of settlement in the Belorussian SSR, one of the constituent
republics of the USSR, over the past 25 years is reviewed. The author
suggests that Belorussia during this period has gone through the
evolutionary process described in the demographic transition model.
"The model outlines the changes in birth and death rates and their
evolution over time in response to improved medical facilities,
resulting in an increase of population of a region or country. At the
same time the process of industrialization is accompanied by
urbanization, which Belorussia has experienced in the period since
1959." A review of contemporary Soviet thinking on rural and urban
settlement networks is included.
Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
53:20039 Singh,
Nina. The development process and urbanisation in a newly
organised state: a case study of Haryana. Population Geography,
Vol. 7, No. 1-2, Jun-Dec 1985. 49-59 pp. Chandigarh, India. In Eng.
"This paper examines the impact of emergence of Haryana [India] as
a new state in 1966 on its development and concomitant urbanisation
process. The analysis is based on data for individual towns for all
the post-Independence censuses of 1951 to 1981. It was found that
urban growth in the state was far more rapid during the post-1966
period than that during the pre-1966 phase. The spatial picture of
urban growth also changed somewhat."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:20040 Asian
Population and Development Association (Tokyo, Japan).
Urbanization and development in Japan. Population and
Development Series, No. 3, Mar 1986. 123 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
An analysis of the Japanese experience concerning urbanization is
presented. The report contains six papers by various authors, which
examine aspects of the relationship between urbanization and economic
development. Other topics covered include changes in spatial
distribution, migration trends, and issues of over- and
underpopulation. An introduction places the Japanese experience in the
context of global urbanization trends
Publisher's address: Room No.
710 Nagatacho TBR Building, 10-2 Nagatacho 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo,
100 Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20041 Banister,
Judith. Urban-rural population projections for China.
CIR Staff Paper, No. 15, Mar 1986. 48, [21] pp. U.S. Bureau of the
Census, Center for International Research: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
Urbanization trends in China through the year 2000 are projected,
and high, medium, and low projections are presented. Among the trends
discussed are the urban-rural share of total population change, an
actual decline in the size of the rural population, the magnitude of
the urban population increase, the age and sex selectivity of migrants
to urban areas, the age distribution of the urban population, and urban
economic conditions. Consideration is given to Chinese predictions and
policies concerning urban growth.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:20042 Buckwalter,
Donald W.; Rugg, Dean S. Delimiting the physical city:
disparities between various methods of calculating population
densities. Professional Geographer, Vol. 38, No. 3, Aug 1986.
258-63 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"The legal city and the
urbanized area fail to depict accurately the physical area of urban
development and therefore prevent an accurate calculation of population
densities. When underbounding occurs, densities tend to be
unrealistically high and with overbounding they are low. Delimitations
made by air photo interpretation demonstrate that the physical city,
measured on a 2 1/2 acre scale of generalization, provides a more
accurate basis for calculating population densities of urban areas than
either the legal city or urbanized area because the bounding problems
are eliminated." The geographic focus is on the United
States.
Location: Princeton University Library (SG).
53:20043 Champion,
Tony; Coombes, Mike; Openshaw, Stan. A new definition of
cities. Town and Country Planning, Nov 1983. 305-7 pp. London,
England. In Eng.
The authors introduce a new map of Britain, which
is based on the city region concept and designed specifically to
present data from the 1981 census. The primary purposes of this
article are "to describe the main problems and distortions which result
from using current administrative areas, outline the key features of
the new way of defining British cities, and demonstrate the value of
the new geographical framework with some basic statistics on city size
and population trends."
Second author's address: Centre for Urban
and Regional Development Studies, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne,
NE1 7RU England.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:20044 Chow,
I-Chang. Medium-term urban population forecasting in
Taiwan: specification of a minimal demoeconomic model. 1986.
University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This dissertation presents a case study of a two-regions
demoeconomic model of Taiwan....We combined Todaro's migration model,
modern unemployment theories, and a spatial labor market model into a
demoeconomic model of Taiwan." The model is concerned with the
determinants of rural-urban migration, urbanization and the spatial
labor market, natural increase versus migration as factors in
urbanization, and the concept of a natural unemployment rate.
"According to the results of this study, we concluded that the model we
proposed performs as well over the sample period as over a medium-term
forecasting period."
Copies of this dissertation are available
exclusively from the Micrographics Department, Doheny Library,
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
90089-0182.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International,
A: Humanities and Social Sciences 47(9).
53:20045 Eisenstadt,
S. N.; Shachar, A. Society, culture, and
urbanization. ISBN 0-8039-2478-X. LC 85-26249. 1987. 391 pp. Sage
Publications: Newbury Park, California/London, England. In Eng.
A
general theory of urbanization around the world is developed. The
study begins with a synthesis of current theories on urbanization and a
presentation of the authors' theory. A series of case studies
concerning urbanization during the course of history in various regions
of the world is then presented. The authors "use a macrosocietal
perspective employing a comparative focus to analyze nine civilizations
in the context of their political regimes, social processes, and
cultural orientations." The volume concludes with a unified theory of
urbanization based on these nine case studies.
Location:
New York Public Library.
53:20046 Gu,
Baochang. Patterns of city-size distribution among the
subregions of the People's Republic of China. Pub. Order No.
DA8700197. 1986. 254 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann
Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
"This dissertation was an attempt to
investigate the patterns of city-size distribution among the subregions
of China circa 1982. The major data source was [the] 1982 Chinese
Population Census. The units of analysis were the twenty-three Chinese
subregions....The findings demonstrate considerable variation in
patterns of city-size distribution among the subregions of China....The
empirical evidence of the study suggests that Chinese subregions do not
mostly show a rational pattern of city-size distribution as often
observed in the urban studies taken [in] the country as a
whole."
This work was prepared as a doctoral disseration at the
University of Texas at Austin.
Source: Dissertation
Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 47(9).
53:20047 Hausladen,
Gary. Recent trends in Siberian urban growth. Soviet
Geography, Vol. 28, No. 2, Feb 1987. 71-89 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland.
In Eng.
Future trends in urbanization in the USSR east of the Urals
are considered using official Soviet data from 1959 to 1985. "Absolute
and relative growth and growth rates are calculated for economic
regions, oblast-level administrative entities, and individual cities,
as well as for city-size categories. The nature of Siberian growth
suggests that in addition to serving as centers of resource
exploitation, Siberian cities also function as growth poles for more
integrated development. The analysis serves as the preliminary stage
for proposed future research on the extent of Siberian urban
development and the integration of Siberia into the Soviet
economy."
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
53:20048 Kopardekar,
H. D. Social aspects of urban development: a case study
of the pattern of urban development in the developing countries.
ISBN 0-86132-132-4. 1986. viii, 392 pp. Popular Prakashan: Bombay,
India. In Eng.
Urbanization trends in India are examined. The main
focus is on urbanization in the state of Maharashtra. The author
examines the relationship between urbanization and the development
process, as well as the impact of development policy on urban
growth.
Location: New York Public Library.
53:20049 Kubo,
Yuji. Urban concentration and rural growth: a two-sector
analysis. Journal of Regional Science, Vol. 26, No. 3, Aug 1986.
579-93 pp. Peace Dale, Rhode Island. In Eng.
"This paper examines
the mechanism and extent of urban concentration using a two-sector
growth model. The cause of urbanization is sought in the existence of
urban scale economies. Assuming that temporary production decisions
are concerned with optimal labor inputs and that profit incomes are
reinvested according to relative profitability, the model shows
persistent tendency for urban concentration and the transition of the
economy from unlimited to limited labor supply. A simple example
suggests that urban concentration is more likely than rural expansion
with urban contraction."
Author's address: Institute of
Socio-Economic Planning, University of Tsukuba,
Japan.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
53:20050 Liu,
Ts'ui-jung. Demographic aspects of urbanization in the
Lower Yangtze region in China, circa 1500-1900. Academia Economic
Papers, Vol. 14, No. 2, Sep 1986. 43-86 pp. Taipei, Taiwan. In Chi.
with sum. in Eng.
Urbanization trends in the Lower Yangtze region
of China from 1500 to 1900 are examined. Data are from a variety of
sources, including genealogies, local records, and other literature.
An attempt is made to analyze the demographic characteristics of the
urban population. "The demographic characteristics in respect to
marriage, fertility and mortality found from the genealogies do reveal
that there were dissimilarities between the rural and urban dwelling
populations. Moreover, findings related to migration tend to support
that rural to urban migration was an important factor that speeded up
urbanization in the Lower Yangtze Region."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20051 Lowder,
Stella. The geography of third world cities. ISBN
0-389-20671-7. LC 86-17366. 1986. xii, 292 pp. Barnes and Noble Books:
Totowa, New Jersey. In Eng.
A comparative analysis of third world
cities is presented, with the focus on the circulation and consumption
of goods and services within them. Consideration is first given to
indigenous and colonial urban legacies and to the city's role in the
global capitalist system. Chapters are included on administering
cities, housing markets, and supplying household needs. A chapter is
also devoted to models of third world cities.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20052 Mahadev, P.
D. Urban geography. Contributions to Indian
Geography, Vol. 7, 1986. x, 244 pp. Heritage Publishers: New Delhi,
India. In Eng.
This volume contains a selection of 17 papers,
including both previously published and unpublished papers, on aspects
of the urban geography of India. The papers are divided into three
sections. The first nine papers are concerned with urban structure,
the next two papers are on urban dynamics, and the final six papers are
on urban systems.
Publisher's address: 4-C, Ansari Road, New
Delhi-2, India.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:20053 Mathur,
Om. Urban growth in South Asia. Population Geography,
Vol. 7, No. 1-2, Jun-Dec 1985. 83-91 pp. Chandigarh, India. In Eng.
The author discusses urbanization in Southern Asia during the
period 1950-1980 using U.N. estimates. Urbanization in the region as a
whole is compared with trends in other developing regions, and
differences among the experiences of seven countries of Southern Asia
are examined. Tabular information is provided on urbanization levels
and urban population growth rates for Bangladesh, Bhutan, India,
Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20054 Mitchelson,
Ronald L.; Fisher, James S. Economic specialization and
the contemporary metropolitan growth process. In: Geography
Research Forum, Vol. 8, edited by Eliahu Stern and Shaul Krakover. ISBN
0-88738-625-3. 1987. 31-51 pp. Transaction Books: New Brunswick, New
Jersey/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"Contemporary United States
metropolitan growth patterns are such that while numerous MSAs
[Metropolitan Statistical Areas] are growing slowly or losing
population, others are growing rapidly. We contend that (1) despite
the myriad problems associated with many large cities, these
metropolitan growth patterns are not first and foremost a function of
city size, and (2) underlying the contemporary metropolitan population
experience is an economic structure consideration that is of major
importance. We further argue that this underlying structural influence
is indicative of the relation between national economic development
patterns and the settlement process." Data from the 1980 U.S. census
and from other published sources are used. The authors find that "the
growth cities tend to be those specialized in services and information
activities. Cities specialized in manufacturing, on the other hand,
are commonly slow-growth cities."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:20055 Nagi, Abdul
S. M. Urbanization trends and patterns in the Delta
Economic Region of Egypt (1960-1976). In: Studies in African and
Asian demography: CDC annual seminar, 1986. CDC Research Monograph
Series, No. 16, 1987. 183-206 pp. Cairo Demographic Centre: Cairo,
Egypt. In Eng.
The author uses census and vital statistics data for
the period 1960-1976 to assess the level, pace, and pattern of
urbanization in Egypt's Delta Economic Region and the relative
contributions to urban population growth of natural increase, net
migration, and net reclassification of areas from rural to urban.
Projections of the urban and rural populations to the year 2000 are
also presented.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:20056 Pannell,
Clifton W. China's changing cities: an urban view of the
past, present, and future. In: China: the 80s era, edited by
Norton Ginsburg and Bernard A. Lalor. Westview Special Studies on East
Asia, ISBN 0-86531-668-6. LC 84-50347. 1984. 192-221 pp. Westview
Press: Boulder, Colorado/London, England. In Eng.
The author
reviews urbanization trends in China. The emphasis is on both the
nature of the evolving Chinese urban system and the character of
individual cities. Attention is paid to the potential conflict between
China's desire to develop smaller cities and the realities of
modernization, which generally favors the growth of the largest
cities.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
53:20057 Peisert,
Christoph. Urbanization in China. Data on the
transformation of the urban system. [Urbanisierung in China.
Daten zum Wandel des Stadtesystems.] Geographische Zeitschrift, Vol.
74, No. 2, 1986. 74-93 pp. Stuttgart, Germany, Federal Republic of. In
Ger. with sum. in Eng.
Recent trends in urbanization in China are
analyzed. "This article presents new figures, as recently published in
China, discusses their significance and draws some conclusions about
the quality of modern urbanization in China. There are mainly three
basic factors responsible for the present situation: 1. The tremendous
increase in the rural population; 2. The influence of historical times
from which two different city systems evolved (the traditional one and
the colonial); 3. The planning strategies since 1949." The author
notes that although the overall level of urbanization is low, there are
considerable differences in regional urbanization levels. It is
suggested that there have been profound changes in the Chinese urban
system and urban spatial distribution patterns, which are not yet
reflected in the available statistics.
Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
53:20058 Petrov, N.
V. Settlement in large cities of the USSR: an analysis of
effectiveness (a review article). Soviet Geography, Vol. 28, No.
3, Mar 1987. 135-57 pp. Silver Spring, Maryland. In Eng.
"The issue
of the effectiveness of large cities as forms of settlement remains a
lively topic of debate in the USSR. Categorizing the issue into three
aspects--economic, ecological and social--this paper reviews the
arguments pro and con. Although the author makes a conscientious
effort to reflect all points of view, a tone favoring the development
of big cities appears evident in the discussion."
Author's address:
Institute of Geography, Moscow, USSR.
Location: Princeton
University Library (PR).
53:20059 Pirez,
Pedro. Population and the study of urban regions in Latin
America: a review of the conclusions of PISPAL. [La poblacion y
el estudio de lo urbano-regional en America Latina: revision de los
aportes del PISPAL.] ISBN 968-12-0351-8. 1986. 125 pp. Programa de
Investigaciones Sociales sobre Poblacion en America Latina [PISPAL]:
Mexico City, Mexico; Colegio de Mexico: Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa.
This is a summary report concerning 19 research projects dealing
with urban questions, which were conducted under the auspices of the
Program of Social Investigations Concerning Population in Latim America
(PISPAL). The first part of the report describes the projects, which
concern such topics as spatial distribution, migration, urbanization,
regional development, and the labor force. The author then develops an
overall framework, involving the concept of territorial configuration,
in which Latin American urban and spatial distribution problems can be
analyzed.
Location: New York Public Library.
53:20060 Poston,
Dudley L.; Gu, Baochang. The giant cities of China:
patterns of dominance and integration. Texas Population Research
Center Papers, Series 8: 1986, No. 8.024, 1986. 17, [7] pp. University
of Texas, Texas Population Research Center: Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"This paper examines the ecological structure of the urban system
of the 20 largest cities in China (those with populations of 2 million
or more inhabitants). We are particularly interested in the patterns
of dominance and control of these cities. The data are taken from the
'Statistical Yearbook of China 1984'...." A summary of the history of
urbanization in China is provided. Particular attention is paid to
socioeconomic changes and transformations of cities that have occurred
in recent years. Predictions concerning realignments in cities'
patterns of dominance and control are made, and comparisons are drawn
to the Vance-Sutker and Galle-Stern studies on U.S. urban
hierarchy.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20061 Poston,
Dudley L. The urban hierarchy of Dongbei. Texas
Population Research Center Papers, Series 8: 1986, No. 8.025, 1986.
16, [5] pp. University of Texas, Texas Population Research Center:
Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"This paper investigates the patterns of
dominance and integration among the cities of Dongbei, i.e.,
Northeastern China (Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang Provinces).
Within a human ecological perspective, the paper endeavors to examine
the territorial division of labor among the cities of Dongbei. An
overriding assumption is that the differentiation of functions among
these cities inevitably leads to a hierarchical structure within the
system. The paper is thus concerned with the patterns of dominance and
subdominance of the 35 cities of Dongbei. Using data from the '1985
City Yearbook of China,' eight measures of dominance and urban growth
underpinnings are developed for each of the 35 cities....We follow the
demographic and ecological methodology used by Vance and Sutker and by
Galle and Stern in their studies of metropolitan areas in the southern
region of the United States, and by Poston and Gu in their study of the
giant cities of China."
For the paper by Poston and Gu, also
published in 1986, see elsewhere in this issue.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20062 Richardson,
Harry W. The costs of urbanization: a four-country
comparison. Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 35, No.
3, Apr 1987. 561-80 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
The author
reports on attempts to measure the investment costs of urbanization in
Egypt, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Indonesia. The Egyptian and Pakistani
studies were national-scale studies carried out in 1980-1982 and
1982-1984, respectively; the Bangladesh and Indonesian projects were
smaller and were conducted by the author in mid-1984 and early 1985,
respectively. Investment resource pools and population growth
parameters to the year 2000 are projected, and urbanization costs for
approximately the same period are estimated, including direct
investment costs, housing and intra-urban infrastructure costs,
interurban infrastructure costs, and growth-management costs. The
projected urbanization costs among the four countries are then
compared
"When urban absorption costs are defined broadly to include
job-creation costs and interurban infrastructure as well as the more
obvious housing and urban service costs, it is shown that these costs
would eat up huge chunks of the aggregate investment-resource
pool....Recurrent elements are the needs to reduce infrastructure and
service standards, to stimulate domestic savings to augment the
resource pool, to shift to labor-intensive employment strategies to
economize on the capital costs of job creation, and to reduce urban
population pressures (e.g., fertility control programs and improving
off-farm rural labor absorption)."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPIA).
53:20063 Seki,
Kiyohide. Urbanization and habitability--Sapporo
case. NUPRI Research Paper Series, No. 32, Oct 1986. vi, 36 pp.
Nihon University, Population Research Institute: Tokyo, Japan. In Eng.
"Using the rapidly growing city of Sapporo in Hokkaido [Japan] as a
case study, this paper proposes a model of habitability measurement for
the city. The concept of habitability was defined as consisting of (1)
physical conditions such as clothing, food, housing, health, sanitary
and environmental conditions; (2) individual accessibility to public
facilities; (3) solidarity among citizens; and (4) social
mobility....The habitability model was derived from an analysis of the
7,608 survey responses in respect to the differences in
socio-ecological change in each social district within the city,
residents' evaluations regarding habitability in each district and
various municipal policies presented toward habitability improvement."
Variations in findings among the various sections of the city and
patterns of urbanization are discussed.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:20064 Shukla,
Vibhooti; Stark, Oded. Policy comparisons with an
agglomeration effects-augmented dual economy model. Migration and
Development Program Discussion Paper, No. 30, May 1987. 31 pp. Harvard
University, Center for Population Studies, Migration and Development
Program: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"In this paper we
incorporate urban agglomeration economies as a labor pull factor in an
analysis of dual labor markets in LDCs. In particular, the equilibrium
city-size approach to urban growth and the expected income approach to
rural-to-urban migration are synthesized, making it possible to
generalize results which hitherto were approach-specific. With the aid
of a simulation based upon a well-specified model, we exploit this
synthesis to rank subsidy policies. Our results highlight the
constructive role played by urbanization in economic development and
structural change."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:20065 Tolley,
George S.; Thomas, Vinod. The economics of urbanization
and urban policies in developing countries. A World Bank
Symposium, ISBN 0-8213-0786-X. LC 87-2181. 1987. xii, 184 pp. World
Bank: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
This book is concerned with policies
to control urbanization and manage urban growth effectively. It is the
result of a symposium held in 1983 at the University of Chicago. The
emphasis is on the experiences of both market and centrally planned
economies and the lessons they provide for developing countries. The
book, which consists of chapters by various authors, begins with an
overview of urban growth, including problems, policies, and evaluation.
Part 1 is concerned with understanding the dynamics of urbanization in
the developing world. Part 2 provides a framework for urbanization
policy analysis. Part 3 examines the relative merits of policies that
encourage concentration and decentralization. Part 4 focuses on urban
management problems, particularly the provision of services and the
maintenance of a tolerable environment.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:20066 United
Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs (New
York, New York). Population growth and policies in
mega-cities: Dhaka. Population Policy Paper, No. 8;
ST/ESA/SER.R/69, 1987. vii, 38 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
This
is one in a series concerning population policies and planning issues
in the mega-cities of the developing world. The focus is on the
formulation, implementation, and evaluation of policies designed to
improve the quality of life and standard of living of the inhabitants
of the world's largest cities. This study concerns Dhaka, capital of
Bangladesh. A chapter is included on population characteristics
including population growth, migration, and
projections.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20067 Williamson,
Jeffrey G. Migration and urbanization in the third
world. Harvard Institute of Economic Research Discussion Paper,
No. 1245, May 1986. 65 pp. Harvard University, Institute of Economic
Research: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
"This paper surveys the
literature on migration to and the operation of city labor markets in
the Third World." Sections are included on the urban transition,
disequilibrating labor market shocks and equilibrating migrant
responses, over-urbanization, how the urban labor markets work,
migration and city growth in general equilibrium, and avenues for
future research
Publisher's address: Littauer Center, Room 201,
Cambridge, MA 02138.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:20068 Cavaco,
Carminda. Depopulating and urbanizing rural areas in
Portugal. [Campagnes qui se vident et campagnes qui s'urbanisent
au Portugal.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1986. 8, 75-84 pp.
Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
Population
distribution, dynamics, and structures of the rural and agricultural
populations of Portugal from 1960 to 1981 are analyzed. Comparisons
among the areas are made on the basis of geographic differences,
economic differences, demographic structure, and social structure.
Migration, urbanization, and modernization are considered
Author's
address: Centro de Estudos Geograficos, Faculdade de Letras, Cidade
Universitaria, P-1699 Lisbon Codex, Portugal.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20069 Clout,
Hugh. Population changes in rural Britain: a review.
Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1986. 5-6, 19-32 pp. Villeneuve
d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
Recent population changes
affecting rural areas of England and Wales are reviewed.
"Long-established urban concentration and rural depopulation were
overtaken during the past twenty years by widespread increase of
population in areas that were still dominated by rural land uses.
Dispersion of suburbia (rurbanization), decentralization of job
opportunities, counterurbanization in remote areas, and retirement
migration each played a role in the complex trend of repopulation.
These processes gave rise to social, economic and cultural
dilemmas."
Author's address: Department of Geography, University
College, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H 0AP,
England.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20070 Huigen, P.
P. P.; Kempers-Warmerdam, A. H. H. M.; Volkers, C. R.
Demographic changes and service provision in rural areas in the
Netherlands. Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1986. 6-7,
55-62 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The
authors discuss demographic changes in the Netherlands and the effects
they are likely to have on the quality of services in rural areas. The
future of rural hospitals, schools, and the retail trade are examined
in view of decreased birth rates and selective migration. The authors
foresee the need for the government to act on the problems of the aging
rural population and accessibility of services
Author's address:
Geografisch Instituut, Universiteit Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 2, NL-3508
Utrecht, Netherlands.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:20071 Vachon,
Bernard. Population trends in rural regions of Quebec
facing low birth rates and counter-urbanization. [Le peuplement
des regions rurales du Quebec face aux phenomenes de denatalite et de
desurbanisation.] Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1986. 8, 85-93
pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
Population
trends in the rural regions of Quebec are examined in light of falling
birth rates and the effects of a recent trend toward
counter-urbanization. The author notes that former city dwellers who
move to rural areas generally do not work the land, and therefore,
agricultural activity in rural areas continues to decrease
Author's
address: Departement de Geographie, Universite de Quebec, Case Postale
8888, Succursale A, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8,
Canada.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:20072 Vidal,
Tomas; Recano, Joaquin. Rural demography in Spain
today. Espace, Populations, Societes, No. 3, 1986. 7, 63-73 pp.
Villeneuve d'Ascq, France. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
The authors
examine seven rural areas of Spain that are characterized by sparse
population and the dispersal of small municipalities. A review of the
demographic characteristics for recent decades is followed by a
discussion of data reliability. Age and sex structure are examined in
terms of natural increase and migration components. Fertility,
marriage rates, and mortality are considered separately
Author's
address: Departamento de Geografia, Facultad de Geografia e Historia,
Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
