53:10717 Anderson,
Barbara A. The life course of Soviet women born
1905-1960. Population Studies Center Research Report, No. 86-91,
Feb 1986. 26 pp. University of Michigan, Population Studies Center: Ann
Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
Recent trends in the life course of Soviet
women are analyzed using data from the Soviet Interview Project, which
involved interviews with 2,792 emigrants from the USSR who arrived in
the United States between 1979 and 1982. The life course approach
involves such events as the completion of education, the beginning of
paid employment, age at marriage, and the beginning of childbearing.
The focus of the study is on differences among women born between
1905-1910 and in five-year intervals up to 1956-1960. Comparisons are
made with the United States concerning the income of women relative to
that of men; the results show that the gap between female and male
incomes is not so wide in the USSR.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10718 Beaujot,
Roderic P.; McQuillan, Kevin. The social effects of
demographic change: Canada 1851-1981. Journal of Canadian
Studies/Revue d'Etudes Canadiennes, Vol. 21, No. 1, Spring 1986. 57-69
pp. Peterborough, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"The
wide-ranging effects of the post-war baby boom on Canadian society have
served to focus attention on the significance of demographic change.
However, most of this attention has centred on relatively short-term
fluctuations in demographic patterns while ignoring equally important
long-term trends. In this paper we describe the transformation which
has occurred in Canadian population patterns since the mid-nineteenth
century and briefly consider some of the most important social and
economic consequences of these trends. Some of the implications of a
continuation of present trends for the future of Canadian society are
also discussed."
Location: Princeton University Library
(PR).
53:10719 Dooghe,
G. Public opinion in Flanders concerning family policy
measures. [Publieke opinie in Vlaanderen t.a.v. gezinspolitieke
maatregelen.] Bevolking en Gezin, No. 1, Jul 1985. 71-82 pp. Brussels,
Belgium. In Dut.
The results of a survey on social change
undertaken in 1980 among 1,765 people from the Dutch-speaking part of
Belgium are reported. The focus was on the aspects of social change
that seem most pressing to the individuals concerned. Aspects
considered include the role of women at home and at work and women's
preferences concerning the family.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10720 Gibson,
Anne; Fast, Timothy. The women's atlas of the United
States. ISBN 0-8160-1170-2. LC 86-675059. 1986. 248 pp. Facts on
File: New York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
A series of 145
maps illustrating various aspects of women's lives in the United States
is presented. A section of demographic maps is included, providing
data on sex ratios, ethnic groups, age distribution, and rural and
urban residence. Education, employment, the family, health, crime, and
politics are also covered in separate sections. The section on health
includes maps on abortion and contraception.
Location: New
York Public Library.
53:10721 Nelissen,
J.; Vossen, A. Demographic trends and the social security
system. [Demografische ontwikkelingen en het sociale
zekerheidssysteem.] COSZ Publikaties, No. 9, ISBN 90-363-9521-6. Jun
1985. 270 pp. Ministerie van Sociale Zaken en Werkgelegenheid,
Commissie Onderzoek Sociale Zekerheid: The Hague, Netherlands. In Dut.
Developments affecting the social security system in the
Netherlands since 1945 are described. The focus is on how demographic
trends have affected the cost of meeting the obligations of the system.
The authors make recommendations concerning future research that
involve the development of a model of households.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10722 Choucri,
Nazli. Demographics and conflict. Bulletin of the
Atomic Scientists, Vol. 42, No. 4, Apr 1986. 24-5 pp. Chicago,
Illinois. In Eng.
The link between demographic factors and human
conflict is examined. The main emphasis is on the effect of population
growth on conflict. Consideration is given to both Malthusian and
Marxist approaches to the analysis of such
problems.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
53:10723 Leroy,
Marcel. Human population as a factor in strategic policy
and action. In: Global resources and international conflict:
environmental factors in strategic policy and action, edited by Arthur
H. Westing. 1986. 159-82 pp. Oxford University Press: New York, New
York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This chapter examines population as
a factor in strategic policy and action. Discussed first are the
unproven assertions that have been made about the relationships between
demographic factors and international relations. This is followed by
an examination of the effect of demographic change on the international
behaviour of states and of the strains, whether actual or perceived,
that population growth brings to bear on the availability of natural
resources."
A model is developed which links demographic factors
with international politics, based on the relationship between
population and natural resources. Also examined are "the demographic
consequences of war, as compared to the effects of nonmilitary
population catastrophes, and the likely role in the future of
population in world politics. Finally, the impact of refugees and
undocumented migrants is discussed, and some conclusions and
recommendations are made."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:10724 Anderson,
John E.; Morris, Leo; Abdel-Aziz, Abdallah. Jordan
fertility and family health survey, 1983: report of principal
findings. LC 86-178238. [1984?]. 120, 3, 19 pp. Department of
Statistics: Amman, Jordan; U.S. Centers for Disease Control [CDC]:
Atlanta, Georgia. In Eng.
The principal results of the 1983 Jordan
Fertility and Family Health Survey are presented. "This report
consists of eight sections and detailed tables. Section 1 presents the
background and objectives of the survey and institutional framework.
Section 2 describes the survey design and methodology. Section 3
presents the social and demographic characteristics of the survey
population. Section 4 deals with the use of maternal and child health
services, immunization status and morbidity, while section 5 is about
infant and child mortality. Section 6 describes breastfeeding and
section 7 discusses fertility levels and trends. Finally,
child-spacing and family planning is described in section
8."
Location: U.S. Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
53:10725 Chutikul,
Sirilaksana. Malnourished children: an economic approach
to the causes and consequences in rural Thailand. Papers of the
East-West Population Institute, No. 102, ISBN 0-86638-085-X. LC
86-32874. Dec 1986. vii, 64 pp. East-West Center, Population Institute:
Honolulu, Hawaii. In Eng.
"This study undertakes an economic
analysis of the causes and consequences of malnutrition among young
children in a rural setting. Parents are viewed as productive agents
who make interrelated decisions regarding their family size, labor
force participation, expenditures, and intrahousehold distribution of
resources in the face of constraints imposed by their resource
limitations and a given 'production technology.'"
The author
analyzes "data on preschool and school-age children obtained from a
village-level survey in Northeastern Thailand and finds a familiar
pattern of low income, high fertility, low nutrient intake and poor
nutritional status and health. One finding, however--that mother's
work in the formal labor market is detrimental to child nutrition--is
unexpected and has important implications for policies designed to
augment income through formal-sector job creation. The analysis also
reveals that malnutrition and high fertility have adverse effects on
the mental ability of the school-age children in the
sample."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10726 Meegama, S.
A.; Gaminiratne, K. H. W. Perinatal and neonatal
mortality: some aspects of maternal and child health in Sri
Lanka. Oct 1986. 32 pp. Department of Census and Statistics:
Colombo, Sri Lanka; UNICEF: Colombo, Sri Lanka. In Eng.
This paper
is the first in a series to be published by the Sri Lanka office of
UNICEF in conjunction with its project to establish a system for
monitoring the health status of children and women in the country.
Following a discussion of the overall research project, attention is
given to a longitudinal study that followed 3,375 pregnant women
through childbearing in 1985 and 1986. Pregnancy outcomes, prenatal
care, care during delivery, perinatal and neonatal mortality, and
breast-feeding practices are considered. The emphasis is on the
utilization of maternal health services.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10727 Miller,
Barbara D. Health, fertility, and society in India:
microstudies and macrostudies--a review article. Journal of Asian
Studies, Vol. 45, No. 5, Nov 1986. 1,027-36 pp. Ann Arbor, Michigan. In
Eng.
"Several studies of health and population dynamics in India
are reviewed. The perspectives of the various authors include
anthropology, public health, demography, and economics. The review
focuses on how the studies contribute to the understanding of two areas
of inquiry: the major social factors leading to continued ill health
and high rates of population growth in India, and the major social
factors constraining the use of available health and population
programs."
The author concludes "that, without simultaneous
attention to social and gender inequality in relation to population and
health, neither full understanding of their dynamics nor workable
policies will eventuate."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:10728 Molnar,
Laszlo. Alternatives in the development of medical
sociology. [Az orvosi szociologia fejlodesenek alternativai.]
Demografia, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1986. 29-40 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Hun.
with sum. in Eng; Rus.
"The article offers a survey of the
development of medical sociology, from the medicine- and
illness-centric attitude to the sociology- and health-centric
attitude." Focusing on the relevance for Hungary, the author discusses
aspects of the sociology of health, which he views as a part of medical
sociology. "The social components of the diseases of multicausal
origin form the point of departure for the studies in the field of the
sociology of health. [The] author attaches a special importance to the
study of the community- and stratification background of the risk
factors of behaviour." The need for further research in the field
investigating socioeconomic factors influencing mortality is
emphasized.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10729 Peceguini,
Maria C.; Cabello, Pedro H. Some demographic aspects of a
rural northeast Brazilian population. [Alguns aspectos
demograficos de uma populacao rural do Nordeste brasileiro.] Ciencia e
Cultura, Vol. 38, No. 5, May 1986. 776-82 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In
Por. with sum. in Eng.
"A sample of 1,806 families from the
Brazilian Northeastern region was analysed in order to study the effect
of several socio-economical parameters upon the reproductive structure
of this population." The data are from a hospital in Sao Paulo
district and were collected in 1969-1970. The results show the low
health status of the population as a whole, which in turn, has an
influence on mortality. In particular, postnatal mortality rates are
shown to increase from the south to the north of the region, in
association with different levels of socioeconomic
development.
Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine,
Bethesda, Md.
53:10730 Sai, Fred
T. Family planning and maternal health care: a common
goal. World Health Forum, Vol. 7, No. 4, 1986. 315-38 pp. Geneva,
Switzerland. In Eng.
The author develops the theme that the
reduction of maternal mortality and the development of effective family
planning programs are mutually supporting objectives. "For family
planning programmes to be as effective as possible in relation to
maternal health they should exist within a context of other development
programmes aimed at improving the quality of life for women. Family
planning and maternal health care reinforce one another in the fight to
reduce maternal mortality, and should go hand in hand." The geographic
focus is worldwide.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:10731 Young, Mary
E.; Prost, Andre. Child health in China. World Bank
Staff Working Papers, No. 767, ISBN 0-8213-0676-1. LC 85-26638. 1985.
111 pp. World Bank: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
Recent data from
Chinese sources concerning child morbidity and mortality are reviewed.
The authors observe that the infant mortality rate is among the
developing world's lowest. The impact of immunization efforts is
noted. Consideration is given to the impact of the one-child policy,
particularly on the maternal and child health care
network.
Location: World Bank, Joint Bank-Fund Library,
Washington, D.C.
53:10732 Zulkifli,
Siti N.; Yusof, Khairuddin. Population 70 million: a
consideration of health aspects. Medical Journal of Malaysia, Vol.
40, No. 2, Jun 1985. 62-79 pp. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. In Eng.
The
implications for the nation's health of the planned increase of
Malaysia's population to 70 million by the year 2010 are examined.
Comparisons with other countries are made to show that low mortality
and high life expectancy are associated with low fertility and low
population growth rates, high literacy rates, and high levels of GNP.
The possible negative impacts of rapid population growth on social and
regional inequalities and urbanization problems are
noted.
Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine,
Bethesda, Md.
53:10733
Christiansen, Freddy B.; Feldman, Marcus W.
Population genetics. ISBN 0-86542-307-5. LC 85-15811. 1986.
ix, 196 pp. Blackwell Scientific Publications: Palo Alto,
California/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This book intends to provide a
basic introduction to population genetics and to convey the spirit of
interplay between observation and theory-aided interpretation that has
characterized its history. It can be used either as a text for a short
course in population genetics or as a supplementary text for a course
in general genetics or population biology." The presentation is
oriented toward human population genetics.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SW).
53:10734 Hed, Helen
M. E. Selection opportunities in seven Swedish 19th
century populations. Human Biology, Vol. 58, No. 6, Dec 1986.
919-31 pp. Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
"A cohort study of Crow's
index of opportunity for selection (I) has been performed on material
from seven sub groups of the Swedish population during the first half
of the 19th century. In all seven cohorts the index component due to
variance in fertility...is larger than the index component due to
prereproductive mortality....On the basis of I, the population can be
divided into three groups: with low, medium and high
I."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10735 Leonard,
Jacques. The origins and consequences of eugenics in
France. [Les origines et les consequences de l'eugenique en
France.] Annales de Demographie Historique, 1985. 203-14 pp. Paris,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
"Before Darwinism was introduced
in France, the idea of medical and legal intervention in marriage and
reproduction was already present. Galtonian eugenics was very popular
in restricted circles. French eugenicists, original in their
neo-Lamarckism, were divided into several more or less realistic
schools of thought. Some were neo-Malthusian, others populationist.
The French Eugenics Society was founded in December 1912 and the
Eugenics Review was published from 1913 to 1926. The public opinion
campaigns they led proved insufficient for obtaining an eugenic
legislation from the Third Republic, but their efforts were rewarded by
a Vichy Law (16-12-1942) which was maintained by the post-War
government."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10736
Mascie-Taylor, C. G. N.; Lasker, G. W.; Boyce, A. J.
Repetition of the same surnames in different marriages as an
indication of the structure of the population of Sanday Island, Orkney
Islands. Human Biology, Vol. 59, No. 1, Feb 1987. 97-102 pp.
Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
"RP (Repeated Pairs), a measure of
actual or total frequency of repetitions of surnames in different
married couples, and RPr, an estimate of the random or expected
component of RP, have been calculated for marriages registered on the
Island of Sanday [Scotland] in 1855-1965 inclusive. RP is higher for
residents (at time of marriage) within a single parish than for the
residents of the island of Sanday as a whole and higher when both are
residents than when one or both partners are non-residents of the
island. The values of RP tend to be higher than of RPr (the random
component) in a majority of tests. Differences and variations within
this study are small compared with the range in RP seen for other
populations (e.g. between an isolate on a Caribbean island and an urban
area in England). At least in relative terms an element of the genetic
structure is apparently evident through this measure of lineage
preferences in marriages."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:10737 Relethford,
John H. Density-dependent migration and human population
structure in historical Massachusetts. American Journal of
Physical Anthropology, Vol. 69, No. 3, Mar 1986. 377-88 pp. New York,
New York. In Eng.
The extent to which migration and genetic
variation is affected by population size is examined using data on
historical populations in Massachusetts. The data are from 4,859
marriage records for the period 1741 to 1849. The results indicate
that migration is more frequent among the smallest and the largest
populations and less frequent among medium-sized populations. Reasons
for this finding are given, and their genetic significance is
assessed.
Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine,
Bethesda, Md.
53:10738 Sokal, R.
R.; Winkler, E.-M. Spatial variation among Kenyan tribes
and subtribes. Human Biology, Vol. 59, No. 1, Feb 1987. 147-64 pp.
Detroit, Michigan. In Eng.
"Fifteen Kenyan tribes, Nilotic as well
as Bantu speakers, were measured for 24 anthropometric variables. For
one tribe, the Abaluyia, 8 subtribes were studied as well. Spatial
autocorrelation analysis was applied to the geographic variation
patterns of the variables. There are at least two or three significant
and different spatial patterns in these data. The combination of
different patterns and differing correlograms indicates considerable
migration from different sources and in different directions, since it
is improbable that selection has imposed patterns on these relatively
recently arrived populations. Application of the multiple Mantel
statistics showed that phenetic differentiation is affected
approximately equally by geographic and linguistic factors but that
these forces affected the anthropometric variables
differentially."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
