53:10444 Atoh,
Makoto; Itoh, Tatsuya; Kojima, Hiroshi. An analysis of the
relationship between nuptiality and fertility in Japan, 1961-2000,
through macro-simulation. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of
Population Problems, No. 179, Jul 1986. 16-34 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
with sum. in Eng.
The relationship between nuptiality and fertility
in Japan since 1961 is examined using a macro-simulation model
originally developed by Tatsuya Itoh. The model utilizes both survey
and vital statistics data and calculates marriage duration from vital
events. Life table methods for projecting marriage trends and the
Coale-McNeil nuptiality model for projecting first marriages are also
employed. The model is used to project nuptiality trends up to the
year 2000, and to date, has proved particularly successful in the
analysis of trends in divorce.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10445 Balian de
Tagtachian, Beatriz; de Imaz, Jose L.; Marcenaro Boutell, Roberto;
Passanante, Maria I. Divorce in figures (a sociological
interpretation). [El divorcio en cifras (una interpretacion
sociologica).] 1985. 124 pp. Editorial de la Universidad Catolica
Argentina [EDUCA]: Buenos Aires, Argentina. In Spa.
Divorce in
Argentina is analyzed using the results of an investigation carried out
between 1983 and 1985. Trends in divorce around the world are first
reviewed. Patterns of marriage and consensual union in Argentina over
the past 20 years are then examined. The authors reconstruct all
marriages and divorces occurring in Buenos Aires and its suburbs
between 1968 and 1984 and use data on selected marriages to examine the
sociological variables associated with divorce. Changing attitudes
toward divorce and the number of children affected by divorce are also
considered.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10446 Bennett,
Neil G.; Blanc, Ann K.; Bloom, David E. Commitment and the
modern union: assessing the link between premarital cohabitation and
subsequent marital stability. Center for Population Studies
Discussion Paper, No. 86-7, Oct 1986. 39 pp. Harvard University, Center
for Population Studies: Cambridge, Massachusetts. In Eng.
The
authors "focus on the relationship between premarital cohabitation and
subsequent marital stability, and analyze data from the 1981 Women in
Sweden survey using a hazards model approach." They find that women who
cohabit before marriage experience approximately 80 percent higher
marital dissolution rates than those who do not.
It is shown that
"women who live with their future husbands for over three years prior
to marriage have over 50 percent higher dissolution rates than women
who cohabit for shorter durations. Last, cohabitors and noncohabitors
whose marriages have remained intact for eight years appear to have
dissolution rates after that time that are identical. In sum, we
provide evidence that strongly suggests that the higher marital
dissolution rates of cohabitors reflects their weaker commitment to the
institution of marriage."
This is a revised version of a paper
originally presented at the 1986 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 52, No. 3, Fall
1986, p. 412).
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:10447 Bhargava,
P. K.; Saxena, P. C. Female work participation and age at
marriage in an urban setting. In: Dynamics of population and
family welfare, 1985, edited by K. Srinivasan and S. Mukerji. Dec 1985.
264-77 pp. Himalaya Publishing House: Bombay, India. In Eng.
The
authors investigate the relationship between female labor force
participation and age at marriage using data from a sample survey of
1,200 women (600 working and 600 non-working) in Bombay, India. The
variables examined are husband's education, wife's education, wife's
childhood place of residence, and wife's employment status before and
after marriage.
"The analysis reveals that the educational level of
the female is the main predictor variable in determining the variation
in the age at marriage, irrespective of whether the women were employed
or not, where they came from, rural-urban background in childhood, the
education of the husband, and other factors....The next factor was
their work participation before marriage. This analysis clearly
emphasises the significant role of female education and their
participation in the labour force before marriage in raising their age
at marriage."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10448 Booth,
Alan; Johnson, David R.; White, Lynn K.; Edwards, John N.
Divorce and marital instability over the life course. Journal
of Family Issues, Vol. 7, No. 4, Dec 1986. 421-42 pp. Beverly Hills,
California. In Eng.
"This study uses a [U.S.] national sample of
married persons under age 55, interviewed in 1980 and again in 1983, to
estimate why divorce and marital instability vary by age and duration
of marriage. Results indicate that the accumulation of assets
substantially reduces the propensity to divorce. We also find that
several important correlates of divorce and instability (age at
marriage, health, social integration, and income) interact with age and
duration. In general, these factors seem to operate almost exclusively
among young people and young marriages."
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
53:10449 Casterline,
John B.; Williams, Lindy; McDonald, Peter. The age
difference between spouses: variations among developing countries.
Population Studies, Vol. 40, No. 3, Nov 1986. 353-74 pp. London,
England. In Eng.
"Sub-national and cross-national variations in the
age difference between spouses are investigated with data from the
World Fertility Survey relating to 29 developing countries.
Substantial variation within and between countries is evident.
Analysis suggests that the relative age of prospective spouses is a
factor taken into account in the marriage market. Observed variation
in the age difference, within and between countries, cannot be
explained as the simple by-product of the random matching of
independently determined distributions of men's and women's ages at
marriage."
The authors note that certain age differences are avoided
and others are chosen more frequently. "Preferred age differences
appear to differ in the societies studied, however, and this variation
can be directly interpreted in terms of two sets of factors: kinship
structure and women's roles. The analysis also suggests that
demographic determinants of the age difference, in particular age
constraints on the pool of possible matches, are of less importance in
explaining societal variations than are social structural
factors."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10450 Charbit,
Yves. Nuptiality and demographic transition in the
Caribbean: the case of Guyana. [Nuptialite et transition
demographique dans la Caraibe: le cas de Guyana.] In: Les changements
ou les transitions demographiques dans le monde contemporain en
developpement. Journees demographiques de l'ORSTOM 1985 Paris--23, 24
et 25 septembre 1985. ISBN 2-7099-0814-X. 1986. 25-49 pp. Institut
Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en
Cooperation: Paris, France. In Fre.
The author first elaborates a
model of nuptiality and uses it to assess nuptiality and fertility
among the population of Indian origin in Guyana. Comparisons are made
between the Indian- and African-origin populations in Guyana with
respect to proportions married, age at first marriage or consensual
union, contraceptive use, age-specific fertility rates, and mean length
of time in union. The results show the important role of nuptiality in
the fertility decline of the 1960s and 1970s.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10451 Festy,
Patrick. To live together without marriage: the relevant
data. [Vivre en couple sans mariage: les chiffres pour le dire.]
Futuribles, No. 99, May 1986. 55-74 pp. Paris, France. In Fre.
An
analysis of the extent of consensual unions in France is presented in
light of the experience of the Scandinavian countries. The author
notes that consensual unions do not necessarily proceed to marriage and
that the growing popularity of consensual unions has important
implications for nuptiality and fertility.
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
53:10452 Finkova,
Zuzana. The divorce rate in the Slovak Socialist Republic
and the Czech Socialist Republic in the years 1950 to 1980.
[Rozvodovost v SSR a CSR v rokoch 1950 az 1980.] Demografie, Vol. 28,
No. 4, 1986. 299-312 pp. Prague, Czechoslovakia. In Slo. with sum. in
Eng; Rus.
This is a comparative analysis of divorce trends in the
Czech and Slovak parts of Czechoslovakia between 1950 and 1980. The
author notes that divorce is less common in the Slovak than in the
Czech areas. Comparisons are also made with other European
countries.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10453 Grimm,
H. Early marriages in the twelfth to nineteenth
centuries. [Uber fruhe Eheschliessungen im 12. bis 19.
Jahrhundert.] Arztliche Jugendkunde, Vol. 77, No. 2, Apr 1986. 121-32
pp. Leipzig, German Democratic Republic. In Ger.
An analysis of
trends in marriage among those under 18 years of age in Germany from
the eleventh to the nineteenth centuries is presented. The data
concern 90 marriages, are from a variety of historical sources, and are
primarily concerned with those of higher socioeconomic status.
Consideration is given to age at first birth and to infant
mortality.
Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine,
Bethesda, Md.
53:10454 Islam, M.
Nurul. Estimation of mean age at first marriage: use of a
simple mathematical model. Rural Demography, Vol. 11, No. 1-2,
1984. 39-59 pp. Dacca, Bangladesh. In Eng.
"The present paper is an
attempt to introduce a simple mathematical model to describe the age
pattern of proportion never married women. The underlying model was
found to give fairly close fit to an observed set of data of some 17
WFS [World Fertility Survey] countries. A mathematical formulation was
then suggested in terms of the parameters in the model to estimate the
mean age at first marriage. The mean ages obtained under the approach
agreed quite closely with those obtained by Hajnal's method. The
agreement between the estimates of ever married proportions obtained by
the suggested model and...Coale's nuptiality model appeared also to be
satisfactory."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:10455 Khoo,
Siew-Ean. Living together as married: a profile of de
facto couples in Australia. Journal of Marriage and the Family,
Vol. 49, No. 1, Feb 1987. 185-91 pp. Saint Paul, Minnesota. In Eng.
"In 1982, a national survey in Australia showed that 5% of all
couples living together were unmarried. This article examines
demographic, social, and economic characteristics of unmarried
cohabiting partners among persons 18 to 34 years of age at the time of
the survey. Never-married partners and ever-married partners differed
from each other in their level of education and economic situation and
appeared to have different reasons for being in de facto relationships.
Cohabitors also differed from persons in the same age group who were
legally married. For many cohabitors, living together appeared to be a
temporary arrangement until they felt financially secure enough to
marry."
Author's address: National Centre for Development Studies,
Australian National University, P.O. Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601,
Australia.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10456
Kuciarska-Ciesielska, Marlena. Factors influencing
the number and frequency of marriages in Poland in 1985. [Czynniki
ksztaltujace liczbe i czestosc malzenstw zawartych w 1985 r.]
Wiadomosci Statystyczne, Vol. 31, No. 7, Jul 1986. 6-8 pp. Warsaw,
Poland. In Pol.
This is a preliminary review of the results of the
annual sample survey for 1985 concerning newlyweds in Poland. The
decline in marriage that has occurred, particularly between the ages of
20 and 24, is attributed to changes in the age structure of the
population and the deficit of young women in rural areas. Increases in
the age at marriage for both sexes are noted.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10457 Lauer,
Robert H.; Lauer, Jeanette C. Factors in long-term
marriages. Journal of Family Issues, Vol. 7, No. 4, Dec 1986.
382-90 pp. Beverly Hills, California. In Eng.
"The present study
involves a nonrandom sample of 351 [U.S.] couples who have been married
15 years or more. Differences were found in the reported reasons for
staying together between happy, unhappy, and mixed (one partner happy
and one unhappy) marriages. For happy couples, the most frequently
mentioned reasons for staying together was the perceived nature of the
relationship, then the belief in marriage as a long-term commitment.
Among the mixed and unhappy marriages, the most frequently named reason
was the belief that marriage is a long-term commitment. Nineteen
percent of those in mixed marriages and 47% in unhappy marriages said
the children kept the marriage together."
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
53:10458 Mensch,
Barbara. Age differences between spouses in first
marriages. Social Biology, Vol. 33, No. 3-4, Fall-Winter 1986.
229-40 pp. Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"Vital statistics data
indicate that the age difference between spouses in first marriages has
narrowed for those born between 1931 and 1951 and married by age 25.
It appears that the largest declines have occurred at the older ages of
marriage, although there have been reductions at all ages. The
possibility that the narrowing of the age gap can be attributed to the
recent 'marriage squeeze' is examined using data from the 1976 [U.S.]
National Survey of Family Growth. Insofar as it is adequately
measured, the squeeze is found to be insignificant. It seems that age
at marriage of the wife is inversely related to a couple's age
difference. That this might simply be due to the age distribution of
available men is considered and rejected. It is speculated that the
relation between age difference and age at marriage is a consequence of
changing preferences, not of the supposed shortage of suitable single
men."
This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at
the 1981 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see
Population Index, Vol. 47, No. 3, Fall 1981, p.
449).
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10459 Murphy,
Mike; Dyson, Tim. On marriage trends and the fertility
transition in developing countries. In: Dynamics of population and
family welfare, 1985, edited by K. Srinivasan and S. Mukerji. Dec 1985.
147-86 pp. Himalaya Publishing House: Bombay, India. In Eng.
The
authors provide "empirical evidence from independent data sources of
the decline in the age at marriage of females that has occurred during
the period from 1940 to 1970 in [22] countries of Latin America, Africa
and Asia in the early stages of modernisation. The data from [the]
World Fertility Survey, the U.N. Demographic Year Book and Marriage
Registration data, wherever available, have been used to study the
trends in age at marriage."
The analysis indicates that "there was a
real and distinct decline in the age at marriage in all these
developing countries before the rising trend in age at marriage was
established....The two phenomena of decline in age at marriage and rise
in fertility in the early stages of modernization may be concomitantly
taking place because of a number of factors associated with
modernization, rather than the former causing the
latter."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10460 Norton,
Arthur J.; Moorman, Jeanne E. Current trends in marriage
and divorce among American women. Journal of Marriage and the
Family, Vol. 49, No. 1, Feb 1987. 3-14 pp. Saint Paul, Minnesota. In
Eng.
"This study examines recent trends and future prospects
regarding marriage and divorce patterns among women in the United
States. Results indicate that first marriages are taking place later,
more adult women will never marry at all, divorce has likely peaked,
remarriage after divorce is becoming less frequent, and among current
adult cohorts of women, those representing the first ten years of the
baby boom are expected to have the highest incidence of divorce." Data
are primarily from the June 1985 Current Population Survey
This is
a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1986 Annual
Meeting of the Population Association of America (see Population Index,
Vol. 52, No. 3, Fall 1986, pp. 411-2)
Author's address: Population
Division, U.S. Bureau of the Census, Washington, DC
20233.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10461 Ojeda de la
Pena, Norma. Separation and divorce in Mexico: a
demographic perspective. [Separacion y divorcio en Mexico: una
perspectiva demografica.] Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos, Vol. 1, No.
2, May-Aug 1986. 227-65, 325-6 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with
sum. in Eng.
Data from the 1976 Mexican Fertility Survey are
analyzed to determine the extent of legitimization of children born out
of wedlock. The socioeconomic characteristics of women in consensual
and legal unions are compared. The frequency and timing of
legalization of consensual unions is analyzed, and the number of
consensual unions and the frequency of legalization in rural and urban
areas are compared. The role of pregnancy in forcing legalization and
the stability of legal unions with and without prior cohabitation are
studied.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10462 Omideyi,
Adekunbi K. Trends in nuptiality patterns of women in
Nigeria. Genus, Vol. 42, No. 1-2, Jan-Jun 1986. 113-23 pp. Rome,
Italy. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Ita.
In the past few decades,
changes in the timing and patterns of nuptiality among Nigerian women
have remained unnoticed due to lack of relevant data. This study has
demonstrated, using national data for two periods, that definite
changes are underway with regards to the timing of marriage and the
proportions marrying. The findings reveal a tendency towards delayed
marriages, evidence of a move towards increased celibacy and longer
expectation of single life at marriageable ages."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10463 Pebley,
Anne R.; Goldman, Noreen. Legalization of consensual
unions in Mexico. [Legalizacion de uniones consensuales en
Mexico.] Estudios Demograficos y Urbanos, Vol. 1, No. 2, May-Aug 1986.
267-90, 325 pp. Mexico City, Mexico. In Spa. with sum. in Eng.
Data
examined in this study are from the 1976 Mexican Fertility Survey. The
authors review previous findings and compare information from this
survey with data from the 1969 PECFAL Survey. They then examine the
types of consensual union and factors such as women's age, educational
status, occupation, premarital fertility, and rural or urban residence.
The focus of the study is on the extent to which consensual unions
eventually become legal marriages. The authors also investigate the
increasing probability of termination of marriage through divorce or
separation, especially in urban areas.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10464 Pebley,
Anne R.; Goldman, Noreen. Legalization of consensual
unions in Mexico. Social Biology, Vol. 33, No. 3-4, Fall-Winter
1986. 199-213 pp. Madison, Wisconsin. In Eng.
"There is ample
evidence that there are important behavioral differences in Latin
America between couples living in consensual unions and those who are
legally married. In this paper, we examine the frequency of and
variations in legalization of consensual unions in Mexico, using data
from the 1976-77 Encuesta Mexicana de Fecundidad. Our results indicate
that the frequency of legalization of consensual unions appears to have
risen among recent cohorts. Women in first unions, those who start a
union at older ages, and those who are more highly educated are also
more likely to marry their partners. Our results also indicate that
pregnancy does not appear to be a major factor precipitating
legalization, and that whether a couple lived together before marriage
has no effect on the stability of the marriage."
An earlier version
of this paper, published in Spanish in 1986, is cited elsewhere in this
issue.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10465 Prakasam,
C. P.; Murthy, P. K. Nuptiality and fertility trends in
Sri Lanka. In: Dynamics of population and family welfare, 1985,
edited by K. Srinivasan and S. Mukerji. Dec 1985. 214-41 pp. Himalaya
Publishing House: Bombay, India. In Eng.
"The authors have
attempted to study the trends in nuptiality and fertility patterns in
Sri Lanka during the period from 1946 to 1981 for different districts."
Indexes of overall fertility, marriage, and marital fertility,
developed by Coale, are computed separately for women aged 15-30 and
30-49.
"The authors have analysed the data in different districts of
Sri Lanka, and have shown that, on the whole, in Sri Lanka, the decline
in fertility has been largely attributed to changes in age at marriage
rather than to changes in marital fertility, though in recent years the
marital fertility of older women has been showing a steadily declining
trend."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10466 Rank, Mark
R. The formation and dissolution of marriages in the
welfare population. Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 49,
No. 1, Feb 1987. 15-20 pp. Saint Paul, Minnesota. In Eng.
"This
research note focuses on two questions: (a) What is the incidence of
marriage and separation/divorce in the welfare population [in the
United States]? and (b) What factors are associated with these changes
in family composition? Event history analyses indicate that
approximately 13% of female heads of households (with or expecting
children) over a three-year period will eventually marry, while 21% of
married couples during the same period will dissolve their marriages.
Race emerged in this study as a significant factor affecting the
probability of marriage, while having a young child in the household
and wife's employment status were correlated with marital dissolution.
In neither case were changes in welfare benefits, the number of public
assistance programs received, or length of time on welfare significant
predictors of changes in family composition."
Author's address:
Department of Sociology, Box 1113, Washington University, St. Louis, MO
63130.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10467 Sander,
William. On the economics of marital instability in the
United Kingdom. Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 33,
No. 4, Nov 1986. 370-81 pp. Harlow, England. In Eng.
The impact of
economic changes on family stability in the United Kingdom is explored,
with particular reference to the effects of changes in women's earning
ability and male unemployment. Data are from official sources,
including the 1981 census, and concern the year 1981. The author
concludes that "increases in divorce in the U.K. can be attributed, in
part, to increases in the earning ability of women and high
unemployment among men and, perhaps, increases in education levels.
Apart from these variables, differences in marriage and divorce rates
within the U.K. can be explained, perhaps, by religion, ethnicity, and
divorce law."
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
53:10468 Sinha, R.
K. Some correlates of recent marriages in eastern
Rajasthan. In: Dynamics of population and family welfare, 1985,
edited by K. Srinivasan and S. Mukerji. Dec 1985. 242-63 pp. Himalaya
Publishing House: Bombay, India. In Eng.
The author examines
factors influencing marriage patterns, particularly age at marriage, in
Rajasthan, India. Data are from a 1980-1981 baseline survey on health
and family welfare conducted in areas designated to receive UNFPA
assistance.
"A study on different marriage cohorts reveals a steady
increase in age at marriage during the period from 1940 to 1980. A
micro level analysis, using multiple classification analysis and
hierarchical analysis of the units, confirms the finding of the macro
level analysis, namely, that the social indicators of caste, religion
and rural-urban resident status seem to play a more important role in
the age at marriage than economic indicators. The ability of the
variables to explain the variance in age at marriage becomes larger as
the level of aggregation increases."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10469 Stevens,
Gillian; Schoen, Robert. Linguistic intermarriage in the
United States. Working Papers in Population Studies, No. PWP8701,
Feb 11, 1987. 23, [9] pp. University of Illinois, Department of
Sociology: Urbana, Illinois. In Eng.
"This paper examines
linguistic and educational marriage patterns for native-born Americans
in six language groups while controlling for the population's age, sex,
educational, and linguistic composition. The results first show that
linguistic homogamy is more pronounced for men and women of lower
educational statuses and that education is more salient than language
in marriage choices for French, German, Italian and Polish language
Americans. Further analysis shows that the common pattern of
educational hypergamy in which women marry men with higher educational
statuses than themselves is more pronounced in cross-language marriages
involving English language women than in those involving English
language men, suggesting an exchange between men's economic and women's
non-economic characteristics."
This is a revised version of a paper
originally presented at the 1986 Annual Meeting of the Population
Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 52, No. 3, Fall
1986, pp. 453-4).
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:10470 Teachman,
Jay D. First and second marital dissolution: a
decomposition exercise for whites and blacks. Sociological
Quarterly, Vol. 27, No. 4, Winter 1986. 571-90 pp. Greenwich,
Connecticut. In Eng.
"Observed distributions of marital
dissolutions occurring over time (and thus the divorce rate or other
measures of marital dissolution) are dependent on two basic factors:
(1) the relative distribution across a population of characteristics
influencing the probability of marital dissolution, and (2) the
relative degree to which each of these characteristics raise or lower
the probability of marital dissolution. The purpose of this article is
to examine the impact of each of these two factors on the observed
distributions of marital dissolution [in the United States] for whites
and blacks for both first and second marriages. Using an appropriate
statistical methodology, the results indicate a relatively complex
pattern of differences between marriage orders and race
groups."
Author's address: Department of Sociology and Criminal
Justice, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA
23508.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
53:10471 Thornton,
Arland; Rodgers, Willard L. The influence of individual
and historical time on marital dissolution. Demography, Vol. 24,
No. 1, Feb 1987. 1-22 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper
examines the influence of individual development and historical change
on marital dissolution. Data from the vital statistics system of the
United States and from the June 1980 Current Population Survey are used
to examine the experience of marriage cohorts from 1905 through 1975
and the periods from 1922 through 1979. The historical patterns can
best be explained as effects of period rather than of birth or marriage
cohort, and the individual patterns can be explained best as effects of
age and age at marriage rather than of marital
duration."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10472 Trovato,
Frank. A longitudinal analysis of divorce and suicide in
Canada. Journal of Marriage and the Family, Vol. 49, No. 1, Feb
1987. 193-203 pp. Saint Paul, Minnesota. In Eng.
The author
investigates the relationship between the divorce rate and the national
suicide rate in Canada during the period from 1950 to 1982. "During
this phase of recent Canadian history, both divorce and suicide rates
have followed ascending trends....It was found that in Canada, the
national rate of suicide varies directly with the rate of family
dissolution, even after the effects of unemployment and females'
participation in the labor force were taken into account
simultaneously. It was anticipated that unemployment and suicide would
be directly associated; however, the results in this study fail to
confirm this prediction for the nation as a whole, but among relatively
young cohorts there is indication that for men, unemployment is
positively related to suicide mortality."
Author's address:
Department of Sociology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta,
Canada T6G 2H4.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:10473 van de
Giessen, G. J. Marriage intentions...and how they turned
out. [Trouwplannen...en wat er van terechtkwam.] Maandstatistiek
van de Bevolking, Vol. 34, No. 12, Dec 1986. 64-8 pp. Voorburg,
Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The results of a follow-up
survey conducted in 1985 concerning marriage intentions in the
Netherlands are presented. The survey included 83 percent of those who
participated in the Netherlands Fertility Survey of 1982. The results
indicate that more women actually married during the three years
following 1982 than expected to marry. This increase was largely due
to marriage among women who had indicated an intention to marry without
specifying when. The author concludes that "there will be a decline in
the percentage of women who ever get married, but the decline will be
less pronounced than was estimated from the 1982 data alone. The
question is not only how many people will ever get married, but also at
what age they will eventually do so."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10474 Wieczorek,
Maria. Multistate life expectancy tables by marital
status. [Wielostanowe tablice trwania zycia wedlug stanu
cywilnego.] Studia Demograficzne, No. 2/84, 1986. 69-77 pp. Warsaw,
Poland. In Pol. with sum. in Eng; Rus.
Multistate life expectancy
tables by marital status are presented for Poland using official data
for 1981 and methodology developed by Andrei Rogers. The tables
provide a basis for the analysis of marriage and marital dissolution as
well as differential mortality by marital status.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10475 Baird,
Allen J. Family life course trends and the relative
economic status of birth cohorts in Western Europe and the United
States, 1950-1976. Pub. Order No. DA8505033. 1984. 346 pp.
University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
Ordinary least-squares and Cochrane-Orcutt multiple regression
analyses are used to test "a model of social change which links modern
family life activity trends with the relative economic status of birth
cohorts in developed societies. The primary dependent measures
[are]...yearly time series statistics of age standardized fertility,
marriage, divorce, and female labor force activity rates. The
principal explanatory variables [are] selected age ratios of the male
population of working ages, and the unemployment rate which is
introduced to control for the social effects of business cycles." For
the period 1950-1976, the author examines family formation trends in
the United States, England and Wales, France, the Federal Republic of
Germany, and Sweden. He also discusses theories of modern family
change in Western Europe.
This work was prepared as a doctoral
dissertation at the University of Pennsylvania.
Source:
Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social
Sciences 46(1).
53:10476 Bartlema,
J.; Winkelbauer, L. Modelling kinship with LISP: a
two-sex model of kin-counts. 1986. v, 37 pp. Katholieke
Universiteit Brabant: Tilburg, Netherlands; International Institute for
Applied Systems Analysis: Laxenburg, Austria. In Eng.
The authors
develop a model that utilizes the programming language LISP to examine
kinship structures, given recent trends in fertility and mortality.
"The model...consists of two distinct phases. First the numerical
relations between kin of different 5-year age groups are calculated in
a two-sex stable population. Thereafter these aggregate measures are
translated into a hypothetical population in which each individual is
identified, with his or her network of nuclear kin. The first phase of
the model uses standard biomathematical procedures, while the second
applies LISP. The first phase is macroanalytic, while the second uses
stochastic procedures. The result is a model with traits of macro- as
well as micro-models."
The focus is on methodological issues. An
illustrative application to the Netherlands is included. "After a
brief introduction into LISP and the field of kinship modelling the
Goodman, Keyfitz, Pullum approach is summarized and an application
discussed. Thereafter a simulation procedure is described. In an
annex an illustrative application is presented, giving an impression of
the effect of an alteration from a strictly monogamous mating system to
one in which individual lifecycles may contain two successive
reproductive unions."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:10477 Bourdelais,
Patrice. Growing old in the family in the France of the
extended family (the example of Prayssas, 1836-1911). [Vieillir en
famille dans la France des menages complexes (l'exemple de Prayssas,
1836-1911).] Annales de Demographie Historique, 1985. 21-38 pp. Paris,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
The impact of demographic aging
on family structures and on the social status of the elderly in France
is examined using data on households in the village of Prayssas for the
period 1836-1911 obtained from nominative lists. The results indicate
that although the number of the elderly increased significantly, the
proportion of those living alone remained relatively stable, primarily
because of the prevalence of the extended family.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10478 Canada.
Statistics Canada. Demography Division. Population Projections Section
(Ottawa, Canada). Interim household and family projections
for Canada, provinces and territories to 2006. [Projections
provisoires des menages et des familles pour le Canada, les provinces
et territoires jusqu'a 2006.] Jan 1987. 67 pp. Ottawa, Canada. In Eng;
Fre.
This report contains revised household and family projections
for Canada and its provinces and territories up to 2006. "These
projections are based on the latest population projections..., the
census data series relating to households, families and marital status
distributions, 1966 to 1981, and take into account the recent social
and demographic trends, in the country." These are interim
projections, which are to be updated when 1986 census data are
available. Three alternative projections, based on a range of
assumptions concerning factors affecting the growth and structure of
households and families, are presented.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10479 Deven, F.;
Cliquet, R. L. One-parent families in Europe: trends,
experiences, implications. Proceedings of the CBGS International
Workshop on One-Parent Families, Brussels, October 8-10, 1985.
Publications of the Netherlands Interuniversity Demographic Institute
[NIDI] and the Population and Family Study Centre [CBGS], Vol. 15,
1986. xiii, 365 pp. Netherlands Interuniversity Demographic Institute
[NIDI]: The Hague, Netherlands; Centrum voor Bevolkings- en
Gezinsstudien [CBGS]: Brussels, Belgium. In Eng.
These are the
proceedings of a workshop on one-parent families held in Brussels,
Belgium, in 1985. The primary geographic focus is on Europe. There
are five substantive sections. The first is a general introduction to
the workshop. The second contains seven papers on research issues and
concepts. The third section presents a review of the characteristics
and trends concerning one-parent families: papers are included on
Czechoslovakia, the Federal Republic of Germany, Hungary, Italy, the
Netherlands, Poland, and Yugoslavia.
The fourth section is concerned
with the experiences of one-parent families and their policy
implications. The papers concern the Federal Republic of Germany,
Belgium, Spain, Israel, Denmark, the United Kingdom, and Poland. A
final section presents a synthesis of the workshop as a
whole.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10480 Dimitrov,
Ivo. Ideal and real numbers of children. Folia
Medica, Vol. 27, No. 2, 1985. 42-50 pp. Plovdiv, Bulgaria. In Eng. with
sum. in Bul.
The results of a family planning survey carried out in
Plovdiv, Bulgaria, are presented. The data concern 425 couples, who
were married in 1979, and who had been married at least 10 years. The
focus of the study is on the differences between ideal and actual
family size. Factors considered include age at marriage, woman's
educational status, social class, income, and living space
available.
Location: U.S. National Library of Medicine,
Bethesda, Md.
53:10481 Duchesne,
Louis. Households and families in Quebec. [Les
menages et les familles au Quebec.] Statistiques Demographiques, ISBN
2-551-08845-3. 1987. 144 pp. Bureau de la Statistique du Quebec:
Quebec, Canada. In Fre.
Trends concerning families and households
in the Canadian province of Quebec during the past 30 years are
reviewed. Data are from official Canadian and Quebec sources.
Chapters are included on household characteristics, family
characteristics, consensual unions, one-person households, collective
households, the family and household situation of the elderly, and
nuptiality and fertility trends in the period
1951-1985.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10482 Edwards,
Patricia K.; Jones, Judith A.; Edwards, John N. The social
demography of shared housing. Journal of the Australian Population
Association, Vol. 3, No. 2, Nov 1986. 130-43 pp. North Sydney,
Australia. In Eng.
"Despite the prevalence of shared housing in
Australia, almost one-third of all households, little is known about
who are the people who share accommodation, and why they do so. Using
a sample of 4,560 households, this paper presents a demographic profile
of shared dwellings and tests some of the prevailing assumptions about
why certain groups may have a propensity to share. Some of the
implications of the findings for existing housing policies are pointed
out and directions for future research are
suggested."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10483
Encarnacion, Jose. Becker on the interaction
between quantity and quality of children. Philippine Review of
Economics and Business, Vol. 21, No. 1-2, Mar-Jun 1984. 113-5 pp.
Quezon City, Philippines. In Eng.
The author challenges the
hypothesis of G. S. Becker that the most promising explanation for
large fertility changes in developing countries is in the interaction
between quantity and quality of children.
For the study by Becker,
published in 1981, see 48:10494.
Location: New York Public
Library.
53:10484 Faessen, W.
B. M. Population, family, and household in the Netherlands
since 1829. [Bevolking, gezin en huishouden in Nederland sinds
1829.] Maandstatistiek van de Bevolking, Vol. 35, No. 1, Jan 1987.
17-30 pp. Voorburg, Netherlands. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
Trends
in household size in the Netherlands since 1829 are reviewed. The
steady decline in household size over time has been accompanied by
changes in household composition. The impact of changes in family
composition, such as the increase in consensual unions and single
persons living alone, on household composition is noted. The author
also studies shifts in marriage patterns, divorce, fertility, and
mortality over time, with particular reference to their implications
for the family and household. Consideration is given to such nonfamily
members in households as servants and to regional
differences.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10485 Gee, Ellen
M. The life course of Canadian women: an historical and
demographic analysis. Social Indicators Research, Vol. 18, No. 3,
Aug 1986. 263-83 pp. Dordrecht, Netherlands. In Eng.
Data on
Canadian women over the past 150 years from official census and vital
statistics sources are used to present a cohort analysis of changes in
the occurrence and timing of age-related events relevant to the life
course of the family. The results show that such events are becoming
more predictable, standardized, and compressed into a shorter time
period. Some of the major changes and continuities are described, with
particular reference to the experience of the baby boom generation.
Events considered include age at first marriage, first birth, last
birth, empty nest, and widowhood.
Location: U.S. Library of
Congress, Washington, D.C.
53:10486 Gober,
Patricia. How and why Phoenix households changed:
1970-1980. Annals of the Association of American Geographers, Vol.
76, No. 4, Dec 1986. 536-49 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"American
households changed dramatically in size and composition during the
1970s. This paper examines the spatial properties of these changes at
the census tract level in metropolitan Phoenix [Arizona]. Research
questions center on where, why, and how households change in an urban
context. Findings indicate a high degree of diversity in the extent and
nature of household change across 189 census tracts. This diversity
was explained, in part, by age and type of housing and by minority
status of area residents."
It is found that "residential mobility
was, under certain circumstances, the dominant vehicle for household
change, whereas under different conditions it was the mechanism for
maintaining a constant household structure....Areas dominated by
minorities experienced smaller overall changes in composition, greater
shifts toward nontraditional families, and smaller shifts toward
nonfamilies than did white-Anglo areas."
Location:
Princeton University Library (PR).
53:10487 Hulkko,
Jouko. The living conditions of young families in
Finland. [A fiatal csaladok eletkorulmenyei Finnorszagban.]
Demografia, Vol. 29, No. 1, 1986. 41-54 pp. Budapest, Hungary. In Hun.
with sum. in Eng; Rus.
The author examines microeconomic factors
contributing to marriage postponement and delayed childbearing in
Finland. Trends toward higher ages at marriage and at first birth and
toward more widespread nonmarital cohabitation are noted. Attention is
given to family policies, including family allowances, maternity
benefits, and government-supported child care. The persistent concern
of affordable housing is stressed.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10488 Jol,
C. Single.......social? Changes in well-being among Dutch
singles, 1974-1983. [Vrij.......gezellig? Veranderingen in
welzijn bij alleenstaanden, 1974-1983.] Bevolking en Gezin, No. 3, Dec
1984. 249-62 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The
author examines changes in the subjective well-being of single persons
in the Netherlands from 1974 to 1983. Data are from the Dutch Quality
of Life Surveys of 1974, 1980, and 1983. The results indicate that
singles reported an improvement in well-being, together with an
increase in loneliness.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
53:10489 Kotseva,
Tatyana. The "price" of a child in the contemporary
family. ["Tsenata" na deteto v savremennoto semeistvo.] Naselenie,
Vol. 4, No. 3, 1986. 43-52 pp. Sofia, Bulgaria. In Bul. with sum. in
Eng; Rus.
The characteristics of the modern Bulgarian family are
examined, with particular reference to their impact on reproduction.
The author examines the cost of having a child in light of women's
roles both within the family and in society at large. Other factors
considered include the tendency of modern families not to live with
their parents, the increasing tendency of marriages to break up, and
changing attitudes toward the family and
motherhood.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10490 LeNoir,
Rebecca G. The effect of migration and the migration
decision on desired family size. Pub. Order No. DA8505306. 1984.
90 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In
Eng.
"The primary objective of this study was to explore the
interrelationship between fertility and migration using a sample of
rural Kenyans, ages 13 to 21. This was done by examining the
differences in mean levels of desired family size for migrants and
nonmigrants. No substantial or significant differences were found
which suggests that migration is not 'selective' of individuals with
low levels of desired family size." The author also examines "the mean
levels of desired family size for individuals who had gone through a
decision-making process in regard to migration and those who had not.
It was found that those respondents who had been through the
decision-making process had substantially and significantly lower
levels of desired family size, even after controlling for a variety of
variables shown to affect both migration and fertility."
This work
was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at Florida State
University.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International,
A: Humanities and Social Sciences 46(1).
53:10491 Lu,
Fei-Ying. The dynamics of family formation and population
duality. Pub. Order No. DA8511843. 1985. 234 pp. University
Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
The author
uses a valuation concept and a model for analyzing population dynamics
to examine family formation. "The economic concept of duality is
applied, leading to a notion of residual fertility value, a valuation
concept which is the 'pricing' counterpart in the dual model of
population dynamics....Empirical data is used to show the applicability
of the method....A theoretical model of the formation of nuclear
families is presented and a theorem is proved that establishes the long
run stability of the structure of family types, when the total
population grows at a constant rate. It is shown that an adequate
theory of family formation and life-time earnings pattern provide the
foundation of family income distribution analysis."
This work was
prepared as a doctoral dissertation at Northwestern
University.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International,
A: Humanities and Social Sciences 46(4).
53:10492 Morrison,
Peter A. Changing family structure: who cares for
America's dependents? Rand Note, No. N-2518-NICHD, Dec 1986. ix,
18 pp. Rand Corporation: Santa Monica, California. In Eng.
The
author "reviews several ongoing demographic changes in [U.S.] families
and considers their implications for legislation. Those changes
include the growing instability of contemporary families; their
increasingly diverse, often nontraditional, forms; the altered social
settings and economic circumstances affecting children; and the
lengthening of life expectancy among older
Americans."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10493 Oakley,
Deborah. Low-fertility childbearing decision making.
Social Biology, Vol. 33, No. 3-4, Fall-Winter 1986. 249-58 pp. Madison,
Wisconsin. In Eng.
"It is often assumed that childbearing decisions
involve conscious consideration of alternatives. This study was an
investigation of whether [U.S.] community-college enrollees (N=419)
aged 18 to 36 years old had thought about the low fertility options of
having no or one child. Only half had considered one or both options.
Selected characteristics of the decision making process were also
examined. Discriminant analysis showed that the variables contributing
significantly to distinguishing among the options-considered groups
included the degree of consciousness about making childbearing
decisions in general, religiosity, and the importance of three
variables that measured the values and cost of children: new
experiences that children can provide, generalized costs of children,
and achievement of a role identity through parenthood. Outcomes
associated with the low-fertility options considered were also
studied."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10494 Olson,
David H.; DeRubeis, Fern G. Inventory of marriage and
family literature, 1985. Vol. 12, ISBN 0-8039-2940-4. LC 67-63014.
1987. 419 pp. Sage Publications: Beverly Hills, California/London,
England. In Eng.
This volume contains citations to 2,636 journal
articles on marriage and the family published in English in 1985. The
bibliography, which is unannotated, is presented in three sections: a
subject index, an author index, and a keyword in title (KWIT) index. A
list of periodicals covered is included.
For Vol. 10, published in
1984, see 50:30481.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:10495 Peron,
Yves; Lapierre-Adamcyk, Evelyne; Morissette, Denis.
Canadian families: structures and life cycles. [Les familles
canadiennes: structures et cycles de vie.] Jun 1986. v, 114 pp.
Universite de Montreal, Departement de Demographie, Groupe de Recherche
sur la Demographie Quebecoise: Montreal, Canada. In Fre.
This
report examines the impact of recent changes, such as the growth of
consensual unions, the increase in marital breakdown, the decline in
the number of children, and changes in the timing of events affecting
marriage, on the composition and structure of families in Canada. The
study is based on the concept of the family life cycle and compares
data on families from the 1981 census with those from the 1971 census.
The authors also test various hypotheses concerning changes in the
family life cycle using U.S. census data for 1970 and 1980.
The
report is in five chapters. The first introduces the concepts under
review. The second deals with propensity to marry or to develop a
consensual union and with the characteristics of families that did not
break up. The third and fourth chapters focus on trends in family size
and their determinants. The fifth chapter attempts to classify
families with respect to the stage reached in the family life
cycle.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10496 Pool, Ian;
Moore, Maureen. Lone parenthood: characteristics and
determinants. Results from the 1984 Family History Survey. Pub.
Order No. 99-961. ISBN 0-660-52860-6. Nov 1986. 59 pp. Statistics
Canada, Housing, Family and Social Statistics Division: Ottawa, Canada.
In Eng.
This report, which is also available in French, analyzes
the characteristics and determinants of single or lone parenthood in
Canada from a longitudinal perspective. Data are from the Family
History Survey of 1984. The report "provides new insights into the
timing of events that lead to lone parenthood, including childbearing,
union dissolution and divorce. Other events, such as union formation,
entry into the labour force and work interruptions, are also examined."
Three types of single parents are identified: "those who have never
been in a union, those who are separated or divorced and those who are
widowed...." It is noted that "each type prevails at different age
groups. The study points out that lone parenthood is often a
transitory situation followed by entry into a union." Consideration is
given to the relationships among lone parenthood and education,
occupation, and labor force participation.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10497 Popenoe,
David. Beyond the nuclear family: a statistical portrait
of the changing family in Sweden. Journal of Marriage and the
Family, Vol. 49, No. 1, Feb 1987. 173-83 pp. Saint Paul, Minnesota. In
Eng.
"Drawing on the latest available statistical data, including
data from Swedish language sources, the author portrays the changing
structure of the Swedish family and argues that the family in Sweden
has moved farther from the ideal-typical nuclear form of the last few
generations than has the family in any other industrial society. The
study focuses on various measures of family structure, including
Sweden's low marriage rate, high rates of nonmarital cohabitation and
family dissolution, small household size, and extensive movement of
women into the labor force."
Author's address: Department of
Sociology, Rutgers University, Lucy Stone Hall, New Brunswick, NJ
08903.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10498 Richards,
Toni; White, Michael J.; Tsui, Amy O. Changing living
arrangements: a hazard model of transitions among household
types. Demography, Vol. 24, No. 1, Feb 1987. 77-97 pp. Washington,
D.C. In Eng.
"This paper analyzes movements among household types.
Persons in one household may join another type. Correspondingly, a
household's structure may change when someone joins it. Data are from
the [U.S.] Panel Survey of Income Dynamics, spanning 1968-1980. The
individuals followed in the survey generated spells analyzed with a
multivariate competing risk hazard model. We develop a map of the flow
among household types and of the economic and demographic profiles of
individuals making the transitions. We find wide variability in the
stability of household types and marked racial differences in the
relative stability and pattern of destination
choices."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10499 Slaby,
Teresa. Subjective variables in demography. [Zmienne
subiektywne w demografii.] Wiadomosci Statystyczne, Vol. 31, No. 8, Aug
1986. 12-3 pp. Warsaw, Poland. In Pol.
The application of the
subjective variable to research on attitudes toward fertility in Poland
is considered. The variable concerns the determination of ideal family
size and attitudes toward having more children. The author shows how an
ex post facto variable was constructed, describing positive, negative,
and neutral feelings toward fertility during the course of a study on
attitudes toward procreation.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10500 Spiegel,
Andrew D. The fluidity of household composition in
Matatiele, Transkei: a methodological problem. African Studies,
Vol. 45, No. 1, 1986. 17-35 pp. Johannesburg, South Africa. In Eng.
Questions related to the study of household composition in South
Africa are explored using data from a longitudinal study carried out in
a Sotho-speaking village in Matatiele District of the Transkei. These
questions primarily concern the fluidity of household composition and
the methodological problems this poses.
Location: U.S.
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
53:10501 Timaeus,
Ian. Families and households of the elderly population:
prospects for those approaching old age. Ageing and Society, Vol.
6, 1986. 271-93 pp. New York, New York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
"Long-term demographic trends that determine the absolute and
relative size of the elderly population also underlie changes in the
proportions of older people with living spouses and children. Such
changes have important implications for residential isolation, the
provision of care and the overall quality of life of the old.
Demographic trends influencing the family situations of older people in
Britain are discussed and detailed projections presented for women
reaching age 60 in the period 1971-96."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
53:10502 van Gelder,
K. Families with one parent: a draft typology.
[Gezinnen met een ouder: ontwerp van een typologie.] Bevolking en
Gezin, No. 2, Nov 1985. 157-78 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum.
in Eng.
The author uses household survey data to compare the number
and characteristics of one-parent families with those of two-parent
families in the Netherlands and to propose a typology of one-parent
families. Changes in the composition of the one-parent-family
population by marital status are discussed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
53:10503 Wilk,
Carole A. Career women and childbearing: a psychological
analysis of the decision process. ISBN 0-442-29352-6. LC 85-9216.
1986. xxii, 304 pp. Van Nostrand Reinhold: New York, New York. In Eng.
The psychological factors that affect married career women's
childbearing decisions are explored. The data primarily are from
in-depth interviews with 24 U.S., white, middle-class, childless women
aged 27-35 in dual-career marriages of an average duration of four
years. The author presents a qualitative assessment of their lives and
childbearing choices based both on extended interviews and projective
psychological tests.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
53:10504 Zimmermann,
Klaus F. Family economy: theoretical and empirical
studies on female employment and fertility trends.
[Familienokonomie: theoretische und empirische Untersuchungen zur
Frauenerwerbstatigkeit und Geburtenentwicklung.] Studies in
Contemporary Economics, Vol. 18, ISBN 3-540-15972-X. 1985. xii, 423 pp.
Springer-Verlag: New York, New York/Berlin, Germany, Federal Republic
of. In Ger.
This book is part of a research project on the economic
aspects of family decisions. The aims of the book are to investigate
changes in fertility and the increased labor force participation of
married women in the Federal Republic of Germany, to evaluate these
trends against the background of a theoretical model, and to contribute
to the dissemination in Germany of new economic theories of the
family.
In the first part of the book, changes in the family in
Germany between 1960 and 1979 are described, and economic theories of
family decision-making processes are outlined. In the next three
sections, a model of family decision making is formulated and then
further developed and tested at both micro- and macro-analytic levels.
The final section deals with family policy
alternatives.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
