52:40630 Bittles, A.
H.; McHugh, J. J.; Makov, E. The Irish famine and its
sequel: population structure changes in the Ards Peninsula, Co. Down,
1841-1911. Annals of Human Biology, Vol. 13, No. 5, Sep-Oct 1986.
473-87 pp. London, England. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Ger.
"Using
censal data, the population structure of the Ards Peninsula, Co. Down
[Northern Ireland] was investigated from 1841 to 1911. During the
study period there were highly significant declines at townland level
in the mean total population, population density, number and proportion
of inhabited houses, household size and deviations in the male/female
ratio. The potential genetic effects of the changes, mediated via
reduced effective population sizes, were exacerbated by marked
differences in the patterns of population structure variation by
religion."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:40631 Boyle,
Phelim P.; O Grada, Cormac. Fertility trends, excess
mortality, and the Great Irish Famine. Demography, Vol. 23, No. 4,
Nov 1986. 543-62 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
"This paper estimates
mortality and fertility rates prevailing in Ireland during the 25-year
period before the Great Irish Famine of 1845-1849. A technique is
developed to estimate the age-specific mortality level during the
Famine and the number of Famine-related deaths. The paper concludes
that fertility rates were declining during the period 1821-1845 and
that the effects of the Famine were especially severe on the very young
and the very old. Ignoring deaths among emigrants, it is estimated
that one million individuals perished as a result of the Famine. The
analysis permits year-by-year reconstruction of the Irish population
age structure for the period 1821-1851."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:40632 Distaso,
Salvatore; Majakos, Romolo. Archives of the Levantine
islands subject to the Republic of Venice: some population
characteristics in the second half of the eighteenth century. [Le
anagrafi delle isole del Levante soggette alla Repubblica di Venezia:
alcune caratteristiche della popolazione nella seconda meta del '700.]
Studi di Demografia, No. 21, 1983. 65-88 pp. Bari, Italy. In Ita.
Data from the Venetian registries of 1766 regarding 21,498
individuals living on the Greek islands of Corfu, Paxos, Zante,
Cephalonia, Leukas, and Cerigo and the mainland locations of Parga,
Preveza, and Voiza are analyzed in regard to sex, age group, social
status, occupation, religiosity, family size, territorial distribution,
and urban-rural distribution.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:40633 Fourastie,
Jean. Note on the demographic history of Douelle (Lot),
1676-1914. [Note sur l'histoire demographique de Douelle (Lot)
1676-1914.] Population, Vol. 41, No. 3, May-Jun 1986. 483-96 pp. Paris,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
The author summarizes the
demographic component of a recently published historical study of the
French village of Douelle, in the Lot valley. The data were
accumulated using both family reconstitution and genealogies. The
results indicate that a significant percentage of children who were
baptized do not appear on the civil register of births, indicating that
a number of early deaths of children were not recorded. "This finding
raises the question whether regional and national infant mortality
rates should not be re-evaluated for the period between 1760 and
1840."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:40634 Imhof,
Arthur E. Regulation, manipulation, and explosion of
population density--from the perspective of a social historian.
[Regulation, Manipulation und Explosion der Bevolkerungsdichte--aus der
Sicht eines Sozialhistorikers.] In: Regulation, Manipulation und
Explosion der Bevolkerungsdichte: Vortrage gehalten auf der Tagung der
Joachim Jungius-Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften Hamburg am 15. und 16.
November 1985, edited by O. Kraus. 1986. 108-46 pp. Vandenhoeck und
Ruprecht: Gottingen, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
In the
first part of this paper, the author reviews historical demographic
research findings on the regulation of population reproduction. The
data, which extend from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries, are
derived from family reconstitution studies in Germany and other
European countries. Topics discussed include the adaptation of
fertility to socioeconomic conditions; motives for fertility
regulation; the rise in infant and maternal mortality rates as well as
stillbirth rates in nineteenth-century Germany and their subsequent
decline; and the role of value systems in contributing to differences
in infant and child mortality.
The second part of the paper deals
with some of the long-term consequences of historical demographic
trends. The emphasis is on the implications of increased life
expectancy. The situation in modern-day developing countries is also
briefly discussed.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:40635 John, A.
Meredith. The slave population of nineteenth century
Trinidad: a demographic analysis. Pub. Order No. DA8417422. 1984.
258 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In
Eng.
"This dissertation presents a demographic analysis of the
slave population of Trinidad in the period 1807-1815. The data come
from the Trinidad Slave Registration of 1813, and the registration
update 1.75 years later. This data is supplemented by plantation level
information: crop, owner's nationality, and location. The analytic
methods employed include model life tables, stable population theory,
indirect estimation of fertility, and logistic regression
analysis."
The author finds that "the estimated expectation of life
at birth was 16 years for male slaves and 19 years for female slaves.
Estimated crude birth and death rates are higher than previously
estimated....The estimated total fertility rate for all women appears
extremely low (4.2); however, the estimate may be biased by the
inclusion of women brought into Trinidad in 1813 with few or no
children....The estimated mean birth interval is 32 months,
corresponding to a mean duration of breastfeeding of 21
months."
This work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at
Princeton University.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts
International, A: Humanities and Social Sciences 45(5).
52:40636
Laperche-Fournel, Marie-Jose. The population of
the duchy of Lorraine from 1580 to 1720. [La population du duche
de Lorraine de 1580 a 1720.] Centre de Recherches en Histoire Sociale
et Religieuse, No. 1, ISBN 2-86480-160-4. 1985. 236 pp. Presses
Universitaires de Nancy: Nancy, France. In Fre.
The author examines
demographic developments in Lorraine, located in present-day France,
during the seventeenth century, giving particular attention to the
impact of the Thirty Years' War. Following a description and
evaluation of the sources and methods used, which included tax and
hearth rolls, demographic trends from 1585 to 1618 are discussed. The
spatial distribution of the population and sizes of communities are
analyzed. Consideration is then given to the demographic impact of the
crises characterizing the middle of the seventeenth century, including
war, disease, and famine. The study concludes by reviewing the signs
of a demographic revival in the region that were evident in the early
eighteenth century.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:40637 Marr,
William L. Nuptiality, total fertility and marital
fertility in Upper Canada, 1851: a study of land availability,
urbanization and birthplace. Canadian Studies in Population, Vol.
13, No. 1, 1986. 1-17 pp. Edmonton, Canada. In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"This paper relates fertility ratios and nuptiality of the counties
in Upper Canada in 1851-1852 to the amount of land available for
farming and birthplace, respectively. These factors have been
suggested as important causal influences in a rural society, which
Upper Canada was in the mid-nineteenth century. As well, the
explanatory powers of urbanization and schooling are investigated.
Land availability and birthplace turn out to be able to explain a
significant amount of the variation in fertility ratios and, to a
lesser extent, nuptiality."
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:40638
Matthiessen, Poul C. The demographic
transition. [Den demografiske transition.] In: Delhed og helhed:
teoretiske og metodiske studier over komplicerede psykobiologiske
faenomener. Festskrift til Iven Reventlow 2.6.1986, edited by Ib D.
Petersen and Arne F. Petersen. 1986. 101-15 pp. Forlaget Politiske
Studier: Copenhagen, Denmark. In Dan.
An analysis of the
demographic transition in Denmark is presented. The author considers
regional differences in the timing of the
transition.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:40639 Nazareth,
J. Manuel; de Sousa, Fernando; Rocha Pinto, M. L.
Portuguese demography at the end of the ancien
regime--socio-demographic aspects of Coruche. [A demografia
portuguesa em finais do Antigo Regime--aspectos sociodemograficos de
Coruche.] Cadernos da Revista de Historia Economica e Social, No. 4,
1983. 121 pp. Livraria Sa da Costa Editora: Lisbon, Portugal. In Por.
The authors first discuss the general demographic characteristics
of the ancien regime and then analyze the demography of the town of
Coruche, Portugal, in 1789. Information is included on the quality of
the data and on age and sex structure, marital status, mortality,
natality, fertility, nuptiality, family size, and employment. An
appendix contains a reproduction of the original document from which
the data are taken.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:40640 Vidal
Bendito, T.; Gomila Huguet, J. An introduction to the
demographic history of Minorca. [Aproximacion a la demografia
historica menorquina.] Boletin de la Asociacion de Demografia
Historica, Vol. 4, No. 2, Jul 1986. 23-53 pp. Madrid, Spain. In Spa.
Data from parish records and other sources in the Spanish Balearic
island of Minorca are used to describe the island's demographic history
in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:40641 Artzrouni,
Marc. A new family of growth curves: application to the
demographic transition. [Une nouvelle famille de courbes de
croissance: application a la transition demographique.] Population,
Vol. 41, No. 3, May-Jun 1986. 497-509 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with
sum. in Eng; Spa.
"The demographic transition is characterized by
birth and death rates that decrease from one asymptotic value to the
other. These rates can be approximated by 'antilogistic' functions,
i.e. 'a constant minus a logistic'. The family of growth curves P(t)
implied by such hypotheses contains all ordinary exponential curves, as
well as growth curves that are asymptotically exponential (decreasing
or increasing) after a period of rapid growth. Generalized and
ordinary logistics, that converge to an upper limit, are special cases
of these functions. Several theoretical examples are discussed."
An
example in which crude birth and death rates for Sweden are fitted for
the period 1750 to 1980 is also presented. "The resulting fit for the
crude rates was good and the fit between the theoretical population
P(t) and the total population that would have been observed in the
absence of migrations was virtually perfect. This is due to the fact
that the total population P(t) is a cumulated function of past birth
and death rates."
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:40642 Nault,
Francois; Boleda, Mario; Legare, Jacques. Estimated adult
mortality based on the numbers of orphans: empirical evidence tested
on Canadian data from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
[Estimation de la mortalite des adultes a partir des proportions
d'orphelins: quelques verifications empiriques a l'aide de donnees
canadiennes des XVIIe et XVIIIe siecles.] Population, Vol. 41, No. 4-5,
Jul-Oct 1986. 749-62 pp. Paris, France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
A method of estimating adult mortality from information concerning
the proportion of orphans is tested using data collected during the
historical demography research program at Montreal University for the
population of Canada from 1608 to 1765. "Based on a sample population
of 899 men and 675 women, the percentage of orphans at different ages
was calculated. Then, mortality rates estimated from these
percentages, calculated by the methods of Louis Henry and Brass-Hill,
were compared with actual mortality rates. Both methods worked well,
but it could not be ascertained whether their sophistication...really
increased the accuracy of the results. In fact, the accuracy of these
methods seems to depend on what system of model life tables was
used."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:40643 Steckel,
Richard H. A peculiar population: the nutrition, health,
and mortality of American slaves from childhood to maturity.
Journal of Economic History, Vol. 46, No. 3, Sep 1986. 721-41 pp.
Wilmington, Delaware. In Eng.
The author examines the nutrition,
health, and mortality of the American slave population in the first
half of the nineteenth century using data from ships' manifests.
"Height and mortality data...indicate that the greatest systematic
variation in health and nutrition occurred by age. Nourishment was
exceedingly poor for slave children, but workers were remarkably well
fed. The unusual growth-by-age profile for slaves has implications for
views on the postwar economic fortunes of blacks, the interpretation of
findings of other height studies, and conceptions of slaveowner
decision making, the slave family, and the slave
personality."
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
