52:30681 Birg,
Herwig; Jaeger, Klaus; Schmahl, Winfried; Schmitt-Rink, Gerhard;
Steinmann, Gunter; Zimmermann, Klaus F. Contributions to
population economy. [Beitrage zur Bevolkerungsokonomie.] Schriften
des Vereins fur Socialpolitik, Neue Folge, Vol. 153, ISBN
3-428-05969-7. 1986. 238 pp. Duncker und Humblot: Berlin, Germany,
Federal Republic of. In Ger.
This work contains contributions
dealing with demographic and economic interrelations. Topics covered
include the economic theory of the family; demographic variables in
economic growth theory; population development and technical progress;
interregional demo-economic models for the Federal Republic of Germany;
maximum consumption, population growth, and savings quotients; and the
effects of demographic changes on social security for old age, illness,
and disability.
Location: New York Public Library.
52:30682 Fabri,
Marcel; Kantner, Andrew B. Population in development
planning. In: Population and development. Proceedings of the
symposium held at Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC
Research Monograph Series, No. 14, 1986. 479-99 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In
Eng.
The authors discuss the need for and logistics of integrated
population and development planning, including the location and
function of a population unit, the provision of demographic inputs, the
analysis of relationships between population and development, and the
use of demographic-economic models. The integration of population
variables in sectoral planning (with examples from the fields of
agriculture, health, education, housing, and manpower) and in regional
planning is also discussed.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:30683 Heerink,
Nico. Long-term interrelationships between economic
development and population growth: a design for a macro-level
model. Publicatiereeks van de Werkgroep Ontwikkeling en
Veiligheid, No. 15, Dec 1985. 25 pp. Rijksuniversiteit te Groningen,
Werkgroep Ontwikkeling en Veiligheid: Groningen, Netherlands. In Eng.
The author attempts to create a framework for analyzing the
interrelationships between economic development and population growth.
"This paper is concerned primarily with these long-term relationships,
i.e. with a lag of 10 years or more. It tries to sketch a concept for
a model that can be used for testing the significance of a large number
of these postulated relationships. The initial purpose of the model
was to test the asserted influence of the personal income distribution
on population growth....Another purpose of the paper is to indicate a
possible way of extending long-run economic models by means of
including a demographic section."
An overview of the model is first
presented. "Section 3 is concerned with the possibilities and the
problems of estimating the model and its possible uses, and...section 4
will discuss the similarities and differences between the model and
some other demo-economic models."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30684 Quibria, M.
G. Fertility behaviour under uncertainty: comment.
Bangladesh Development Studies, Vol. 11, No. 3, Sep 1983. 135-9 pp.
Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Eng.
The author critically assesses a model
developed by Tawfiq-e-Elahi Chowdhury concerning fertility behavior in
an uncertain economic environment. He concludes that "mere
risk-aversion is not enough to lead to lower fertility with a reduction
of uncertainty in future income. One requires a further restriction in
the form of decreasing absolute risk-aversion to establish the
Chowdhury result. Similarly, a higher marginal return from children
does not necessarily lead to higher fertility; nor would a higher
current income necessarily induce a lower family-size. To establish
these results, one needs to incorporate further hypotheses regarding
the structure of the utility function."
For the article by
Chowdhury, published in 1981, see 50:20248.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30685 Simon,
Julian L.; Steinmann, Gunter. On the optimum theoretical
rate of population growth. Jahrbucher fur Nationalokonomie und
Statistik, Vol. 200, No. 5, Sep 1985. 508-31 pp. Stuttgart, Germany,
Federal Republic of. In Eng. with sum. in Ger.
"The paper seeks
intuitively-satisfying models of optimum population growth. The
authors build upon Phelps's model of endogenous technical progress plus
the Steinmann-Simon extension, which imply that the per-person
consumption growth rate depends positively and linearly upon the
population growth rate, without bound....They suggest that the
consumption rate ultimately turns downwards as population growth
increases because of decreasing adoption of available technology as
labor cheapens relative to capital, and as high population growth
overtaxes people's will and ability to respond. Including a
convex-downward function in the model yields sensible
results."
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
52:30686 United
Nations. Department of International Economic and Social Affairs (New
York, New York). Economic recession and specific
population groups. No. ST/ESA/156, Pub. Order No. E.86.IV.4. ISBN
92-1-130110-6. 1986. 99 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The effects
of international economic stagnation and recession on specific
population groups are examined, with particular reference to the
periods 1973-1975 and 1981-1983. Consideration is given to changes in
global employment, income distribution, and the solidarity of youth and
the aged.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30687 Benazzou,
Chaouki. Population in Moroccan development planning.
In: Population and development. Proceedings of the symposium held at
Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC Research Monograph
Series, No. 14, 1986. 525-30 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
The author
reviews the Moroccan experience with six development plans implemented
during the period 1960-1985. Stages in development planning in Morocco
are identified, including awareness of population growth, the first
steps toward developing a population policy, difficulties in
implementing population measures, emphasis on family planning, the
absence of population objectives, and the integration of health and
population aspects.
Location: Princeton University Library
(SPR).
52:30688 Bilsborrow,
Richard E.; DeLargy, Pamela F. Impact of rural development
projects on demographic behaviour. Policy Development Studies, No.
9, 1985. 205 pp. United Nations Fund for Population Activities [UNFPA]:
New York, New York. In Eng.
This is a collection of six papers by
different authors concerning the demographic impact of rural
development projects. Selected projects in the Philippines, Colombia,
Thailand, Nigeria, and Brazil are discussed separately; a final paper
deals with methodological issues in assessing the demographic effects
of rural development projects. Also included is a brief description of
the creation of the International Consortium of Research Centers for
the Study of the Population Impact of Development
Projects.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30689 Bronfman,
Mario; Lerner, Susana; Tuiran, Rodolfo. Socio-economic
consequences of mortality change in peasant societies. In:
Consequences of mortality trends and differentials. Population Studies,
No. 95; ST/ESA/SER.A/95, Pub. Order No. E.85.XIII.3. ISBN
92-1-151149-6. 1986. 43-51 pp. U.N. Department of International
Economic and Social Affairs: New York, New York. In Eng.
"This
chapter explores the relations between demographic
changes--particularly the decline in mortality--and changes in agrarian
structure. It describes the main transformations in the agrarian
sector in Latin America in the past 100 years, with emphasis on the
transformation from a non-capitalist economy with a relative lack of
labour force into one in which capitalist relations prevail and give
way to processes that generate a surplus labour force. It points out
the role played by population growth in this transformation, and
particularly the effects of the decline in mortality."
The authors
contend that "in spatial and temporal situations, demographic changes
and conditions can impose new arrangements in practices and strategies
with a view to ensuring the economic and social reproduction of
agrarian production units and of families. The most
relevant...conclusion is the need to undertake specific studies in
different agrarian contexts to allow a deeper analysis of relations
between transformations in agrarian structure and demographic
dynamics."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30690 Cambrezy,
Luc. The question of overpopulation: the spatial
organization and ecology of migration in Rwanda. [Le surpeuplement
en question: organisation spatiale et ecologie des migrations au
Rwanda.] Travaux et Documents de l'ORSTOM, No. 182, ISBN 2-7099-0742-9.
1984. iii, 292, [11] pp. Office de la Recherche Scientifique et
Technique Outre-Mer [ORSTOM]: Paris, France; Institut Francais de
Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation: Paris,
France. In Fre.
This study examines the relationships among rapid
population growth, internal migration, and agricultural developments in
Rwanda in the period since 1948. The data are primarily taken from the
censuses of 1948 and 1978. The author examines how population growth
has led to the cultivation of land, not only in upland areas but also
in the lowland marshes, that was previously uncultivated. He also
notes that migration is affected not only by population density but
also by the quality of the land in question. The focus of the study is
on the future agricultural development options available to the
population.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30691 Cho,
Lee-Jay; Kim, Won Bae; Lee, Seon. Urbanization and
economic development policy in Korea. Academia Economic Papers,
Vol. 14, No. 1, Mar 1986. 77-98 pp. Taipei, Taiwan. In Eng. with sum.
in Chi.
"This paper has firstly discussed the development strategy
and urbanization in [the Republic of] Korea for the period 1960-1980.
[This is] followed with an intensive review of the past and recent
population redistribution policy of Korea. Finally the authors make
some general suggestions which are characterized as an expansion of
opportunities and services in the underprivileged
areas."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30692 Chowdhury,
Osman H. Conditions of fertility decline in developing
countries: 1960-1980. Bangladesh Development Studies, Vol. 11,
No. 3, Sep 1983. 103-34 pp. Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Eng.
"This paper
aims at analysing the level, trend and conditions of fertility decline
in selected underdeveloped countries within the framework of a
demand-supply model....The analysis focuses on how much of the observed
decline in fertility has been associated with corresponding
socio-economic (demand) factors and how much is explained by the effort
of their family planning system." Fertility data for 42 developing
countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America for the years 1960-1980
are analyzed. Demand variables include education, health, economic
status, and urbanization factors; supply variables refer to program
effort, or the strength of family planning programs in a given country.
Correlation and regression analyses are used.
"The findings of this
paper point to the fact that if any country wishes to reduce its birth
rate and marital fertility then strong and motivated family planning
programmes can play a decisive role even within a low level of
socio-economic development....It is quite evident that level of
'modernization'...[has] a substantial relationship to fertility
decline: the better-off countries, particularly those near the top, do
better than the less well-off. That is an accepted fact in demographic
theory but similarly we also find that family planning programmes have
an independent and substantial effect on levels of
fertility."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30693 Clausen, A.
W. Population growth and economic and social
development. Journal of Economic Education, Vol. 16, No. 3, Summer
1985. 167-76 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author presents the
argument that rapid population growth is a major development problem
for developing countries and outlines the case for effective policies
and programs to reduce fertility in such countries. Examples of
effective policies and programs are provided.
Location:
Princeton University Library (PF).
52:30694 Di Meo,
Guy. The countries of the third world: social and
economic geography. [Les pays du Tiers Monde: geographie sociale
et economique.] Mementos de Geographie Sirey, ISBN 2-248-01042-7. 1985.
vi, 226 pp. Sirey: Paris, France. In Fre.
A social and economic
geography of developing countries is presented. The first section
describes the situation in the developing world and includes a
description of demographic trends. The second section examines the
changes occurring in rural areas. The final section deals with the
rapid growth of the urban population and urbanization, and with their
social and economic consequences.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30695 Duza, M.
Badrud. Development and population policies in the third
world: practical problems and options. In: Population and
development. Proceedings of the symposium held at Cairo Demographic
Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC Research Monograph Series, No. 14, 1986.
533-62 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
The author discusses population
growth and its components in developing countries in terms of a
development-oriented population policy. The problem of lack of
consensus and articulation concerning the concept of development is
first considered. The author then examines how socioeconomic
development and related policies influence population phenomena such as
fertility, health, mortality, human resources, and
migration.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30696 El-Deeb,
Bothina M. Population and investment: application of a
model examining the interrelation between population growth and
investment in Egypt. In: Population and development. Proceedings
of the symposium held at Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985.
CDC Research Monograph Series, No. 14, 1986. 69-88 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In
Eng.
After reviewing the impact of rapid population increase on
development in Egypt, the author discusses three models that describe
the direct association between population growth and investment: the
Coale-Hoover model, the Harrod-Domar model, and Sauvy's model. Sauvy's
model is then applied to the case of Egypt "to estimate the proportion
of population and economic investment in response to different
population growth rates and different proportions of total investment."
The author concludes with some policy
implications.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30697 Fong,
Monica S. Population dynamics and rural poverty.
Genus, Vol. 41, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1985. 141-55 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng.
with sum. in Fre; Ita.
An overview of the relationship between
demographic factors and rural poverty in developing countries is
presented. The author examines both the micro- and macro-level
perspectives of this relationship and the determinants and consequences
of population growth. The author notes the prospects for a rapid
increase in the rural labor force and considers its implications for
the agricultural production structure and the need for institutional
change. Consideration is also given to the continuing demand for high
fertility at the family level and the role of infant and child
mortality in the poverty cycle.
"The paper concludes by drawing
attention to the need for developing the mechanism for reconciliation
of social and individual optima with respect to family size and
population growth." The need for rural development projects that take
demographic factors into account is stressed as is the need for
effective population programs.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30698 Gupta,
Kanhaya L. Foreign capital, income inequality, demographic
pressures, savings and growth in developing countries: a cross country
analysis. Journal of Economic Development, Vol. 10, No. 1, Jul
1985. 63-88 pp. Richmond, Virginia. In Eng.
The author develops a
framework for examining the effects of foreign capital resources,
income inequality, and rapid population growth on the economic growth
of developing countries. "The aim of this paper is to specify and
estimate, using international cross-section data for a set of
developing countries, a simultaneous equations model in which saving
and growth rates and demographic factors are treated as being
endogenous variables and which explicitly allows for the role of income
inequality through a variety of channels."
The author concludes that
"a single equation approach is highly inadequate in order to examine
the role of foreign capital, population pressures and income inequality
in the growth of developing countries. Our results show that the
debate about the role of foreign capital is somewhat exaggerated and
that more attention needs to be given to domestic factors like the role
of income inequality and investment in human
capital."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30699 Hammer,
Jeffrey S. Population growth and savings in LDCs: a
survey article. World Development, Vol. 14, No. 5, May 1986.
579-91 pp. Elmsford, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
"This paper
surveys the theoretical and empirical literature concerning the
possible effects of population growth on the aggregate savings rate.
The effect is examined from three perspectives: macroeconomic effects
of variations in the age structure of the population, choice theoretic
models of family decision-making, and market level interactions of
variables which determine individual decisions." The geographic focus
is on developing countries.
Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
52:30700 Hogan,
Daniel J. Demography and the business cycle:
methodological reflections. [Demografia e conjuntura: reflexoes
metodologicas.] Revista Brasileira de Estudos de Populacao, Vol. 2, No.
1, Jan-Jun 1985. 1-7 pp. Sao Paulo, Brazil. In Por. with sum. in Eng.
Some methodological problems concerning the analysis of the
demographic consequences of the recent economic crisis in Brazil are
examined. Consideration is given both to the limitations of existing
analytical techniques and to the availability of data. The need to
take into account both short- and long-term population dynamics is
noted.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30701 Jones,
Gavin W. Asia's demographic transition: successful or
stalled? In: Demographic transition in Asia, edited by Gavin W.
Jones. ISBN 9971-954-20-6. LC 84-942134. 1984. 1-30 pp. Maruzen Asia:
Singapore. In Eng.
A review of the demographic transition that has
occurred in Asia since the end of World War II is presented. The
heterogeneous nature of the region is noted, and the author points out
that the fertility transition has proceeded very far in Eastern Asia,
has proceeded significantly in parts of Southeastern Asia, and is still
in the initial stages in most of Southern Asia. The programs designed
to affect fertility that countries in Asia have introduced are
described. Consideration is also given to the momentum of population
growth, to future population prospects, and to urbanization.
The
author concludes that the Asian experience indicates that, firstly
"sharp and sustained declines in fertility can occur in poor, rural
populations. Secondly, sharply increased income levels do not
necessarily result (without considerable time lags, anyway) in
fertility declines. Or, more broadly, the demographic transition is
not inexorably linked to economic development." The importance of
social policies and programs is stressed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30702 Kantner,
John. Population in India's development. USAID/India
Occasional Paper, No. 1, Jan 1986. 84, 4 pp. U.S. Agency for
International Development [AID], Office of Population: New Delhi,
India. In Eng.
This study is concerned with the relationship
between poverty and population growth in India and specifically with
whether a reduction in the rate of population growth would assist the
alleviation of poverty. The author first reviews the linkages between
demographic and economic factors. The bulk of the report is concerned
with prospects for future population growth. Mortality and fertility
prospects are analyzed separately. The study concludes with a review
of the country's family planning program.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30703 Kelley,
Allen C. Population and development: controversy and
reconciliation. Journal of Economic Education, Vol. 16, No. 3,
Summer 1985. 177-88 pp. Washington, D.C. In Eng.
A "revisionist"
approach to the role of the population factor in the development
process is presented. The author argues that although population
growth in itself is not a major development problem, its indirect
effects exacerbate many of the problems faced by developing
countries.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
52:30704 Khan, M.
R. Economic development and population policy in
Bangladesh. Bangladesh Development Studies, Vol. 12, No. 3, Sep
1984. 1-18 pp. Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Eng.
"This paper deals with
the population growth rate and its policy implications for the economy
of Bangladesh....[The author] makes an effort at examining the
interaction of population and other development variables in the
planning process of Bangladesh." Economic developments and population
growth rates are summarized, and experiences with the First Five Year
Plan (1973-1978), the Two Year Plan (1978-1980), and the Second Five
Year Plan (1980-1985) are discussed. Analyzing the gains from
fertility reduction, the author notes that "the cost-benefit ratio of
most countries [varies] between 1:10 to 1:30, for Bangladesh it is
1:16." Gains and setbacks in the implementation of family planning
programs in Bangladesh are assessed.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30705 Laine,
Jean-Pierre. Demographic trends in Thailand (1970-1981)
and their consequences. [L'evolution demographique en Thailande
(1970-1981) et ses consequences.] Cahiers d'Outre-Mer, Vol. 38, No.
152, Oct-Dec 1985. 385-94 pp. Bordeaux, France. In Fre.
A review of
demographic trends in Thailand between 1970 and 1981 and its
consequences is presented. Separate consideration is given to
urbanization and migration. The negative consequences of population
growth discussed include the decrease in available arable land,
poverty, and unemployment. Consideration is also given to the health
status of the population, including public health, family planning, and
malnutrition.
Location: Princeton University Library (PR).
52:30706 McCarthy,
Michael J. Population density growth: economic effects
and mitigation in LDCs. Pub. Order No. DA8528780. 1985. 188 pp.
University Microfilms International: Ann Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
The author seeks to "provide a theoretical and empirical analysis
of the economic effects of population density growth....The discussion
brings together disparate viewpoints from the economic sub-fields of
population, development, and microeconomic theory...." The focus is on
developing countries.
"The empirical results of the study show:
(1) that across countries population density levels explain low levels
of economic development to a much higher degree than previously
acknowledged; (2) that variation in per capita income levels and growth
rates, both across countries and over time, population density levels
held constant, is explained by differences in economic structural and
institutional characteristics."
This work was prepared as a doctoral
dissertation at the University of Hawaii.
Source:
Dissertation Abstracts International, A: Humanities and Social
Sciences 46(10).
52:30707 Moyo, N.
P. Population policy: do we need it? Prospects and
problems. Zimbabwe Journal of Economics, Vol. 1, No. 3, Jan 1986.
36-40 pp. Harare, Zimbabwe. In Eng.
The author challenges the
assumptions that population pressure is the primary cause of poverty in
Zimbabwe and that a family planning program is the remedy. The roots
of rural poverty are traced to the country's colonialist and capitalist
history and their impact on land tenure and development. The author
goes on to question the effectiveness of family planning programs in
reducing fertility levels in general. Solutions to the country's
problems are to be found, it is contended, in effective socioeconomic
developments efforts.
Location: Princeton University
Library (PF).
52:30708 Nerlove,
Marc; Razin, Assaf; Sadka, Efraim. The "old age security
hypothesis" reconsidered. Journal of Development Economics, Vol.
18, No. 2-3, Aug 1985. 243-52 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
"That the introduction of a means for transferring present to
future consumption other than children in a developing country will
reduce the rate of population growth is shown to depend crucially on
the assumption that parents do not care about the numbers or the
welfare of the children they have. When parents do care, the
conclusion no longer unambiguously follows because the new means for
providing for parents' old age leads to a positive income
effect."
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
52:30709 Orubuloye,
I. O.; Oyeneye, O. Y. Population and development in
Nigeria. ISBN 978-181-032-7. 1983. xiii, 178 pp. Nigerian
Institute of Social and Economic Research: Ibadan, Nigeria. In Eng.
This report is the result of a project, developed by the Nigerian
Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER) and funded by
Battelle, to examine aspects of the relationship between population and
development in Nigeria. It includes papers by different authors on
such topics as the current demographic situation, urbanization,
educational planning, health planning, housing, environmental
pollution, labor force supply, land tenure and food production, income
distribution, government expenditures, and the development of a
national policy on population.
Location: Population Council
Library, New York, N.Y.
52:30710 Payne,
Michael R.; Kripalani, G. K.; Tolley, George S.
Urbanization in India: an economic-demographic analysis. In:
American Statistical Association, 1984 proceedings of the Social
Statistics Section. [1984]. 223-8 pp. American Statistical Association:
Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The authors formulate a general
equilibrium economic model and a demographic model in which
fertility-mortality interactions are taken into account. Simulation
results concerning the rate of urbanization in India and the factors
affecting it are presented.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:30711 Robinson,
Warren C. Public policy, risk and fertility in Bangladesh:
a comment. Bangladesh Development Studies, Vol. 11, No. 3, Sep
1983. 39-58 pp. Dhaka, Bangladesh. In Eng.
The author uses
information for Bangladesh to examine the argument that development
programs aimed at improving employment and income have beneficial side
effects in terms of fertility reduction, as they affect the economic
value of children and the environment of economic risk in which
reproductive decisions are made. First, three sources of economic risk
are considered: unemployment, disability, and old age. Following a
discussion of the underlying theory and terminology, a model of a
direct relationship between fertility and riskiness is tested using
data from the 1981 census and the Bangladesh Fertility Survey.
In
critically assessing the arguments postulating the beneficial fertility
effects of employment programs, the author concludes that "(1) the
level of economic well-being which would affect a fertility reduction
is not clear in [the] model and there is no reason for supposing it
would be a moderate income; (2) the cost to the government of even
raising all presently unemployed, disabled or aged indigent persons to
slightly above the poverty level would be several times the annual
development budget; (3) the logical and theoretical under-pinnings of
the model appear confused and at best dubious; [and] (4) the empirical
evidence for such a link between risk and fertility is mostly
negative."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30712 Sarma, R.
S. S.; Sivamurthy, M. Implications of population variables
for development. In: Population and development. Proceedings of
the symposium held at Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC
Research Monograph Series, No. 14, 1986. 107-33 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In
Eng.
The authors discuss the development implications of population
size, growth, composition, and distribution in the third world. Factors
considered include economic growth, savings and investment, labor force
and employment, productivity, health conditions, education, food and
housing, and communications and transport.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30713 Shrestha,
Nanda R. The political economy of economic
underdevelopment and external migration in Nepal. Political
Geography Quarterly, Vol. 4, No. 4, Oct 1985. 289-306 pp. Guildford,
England. In Eng.
The relationship between underdevelopment and
emigration in Nepal is examined. The historical background to the
country's current dependence on emigration is first reviewed. The
author suggests that the country's hill economy is dependent on
emigration for survival and that emigration in turn perpetuates the
situation of underdevelopment.
Location: New York Public
Library.
52:30714 Simon,
David. Regional inequality, migration and development:
the case of Zimbabwe. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale
Geografie/Journal of Economic and Social Geography, Vol. 77, No. 1,
1986. 7-17 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands. In Eng.
The relationship
between internal migration and development in Zimbabwe is analyzed.
The author suggests that current migration trends can only be
understood in the context of the country's colonial past, in which a
contrast in levels of development existed between the central areas
dominated by European settlement and the peripheral zones of mainly
African settlement. Accelerating migration to urban areas following
independence and policy changes designed to accelerate the
transformation to a more socialist economy are increasing the problems
of regional inequality.
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:30715 Soliman,
Nadia H. Development and demographic trends in Egypt.
In: Population and development. Proceedings of the symposium held at
Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC Research Monograph
Series, No. 14, 1986. 59-67 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
The author
discusses recent trends in population growth, population structure,
population distribution and density, and internal and external
migration in Egypt and attempts to assess their impact on development.
The information discussed is from published documents and government
sources.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30716 Boyer, Paul
L. Demographic dimensions of the world economic
crisis. [Dimensions demographiques de la crise economique
mondiale.] Mondes en Developpement, Vol. 12, No. 47-48, 1984. 51-62 pp.
Brussels, Belgium. In Fre. with sum. in Eng; Spa.
The author
contends that aspects of the world economic crisis and the fertility
decline in developed countries have origins in the disequilibrium in
the age distribution of the population, caused by World War II and
exacerbated by the rigidity of the employment structure. Theories
linking the age structures of populations, global equilibrium in supply
and demand, and capital accumulation are outlined. The impact of
employment conditions on fluctuations in fertility as hypothesized by
Easterlin is considered, and a regression model is applied to data for
European and North American countries.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30717 Denton,
Frank T.; Spencer, Byron G. Population aging and the
economy: some issues in resource allocation. QSEP Research
Report, No. 105, Sep 1984. 44 pp. McMaster University, Faculty of
Social Sciences, Program for Quantitative Studies in Economics and
Population: Hamilton, Canada. In Eng.
The authors examine economic
effects of population change, with a particular focus on resource
allocation and an aging population. Following an introductory section,
"Section 2 offers a review of changes in the Canadian population and
associated changes in the labour force, and then a look into
the...future. Section 3 provides a general discussion of how changes in
the population affect the economy and the adjustment problems that
result. Some aspects of intergenerational relations are examined in
Section 4 by the use of alternative calculations of past and future
'dependency ratios' within the Canadian population."
An
economic-demographic model is elaborated in the next section, "as a
vehicle for simulating simultaneously the supply and demand effects of
population change at the level of the macro-economy. The effects of
future population change on government budgets in Canada are then
considered, in Section 6. In Sections 7, 8, and 9, further attention
is directed to the three most age-sensitive components of public
expenditure, namely pensions, health care, and education, making use
again of the economic-demographic simulation
model."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30718 Hugo,
Graeme. Population aging in Australia: implications for
social and economic policy. Papers of the East-West Population
Institute, No. 98, ISBN 0-86638-078-7. LC 86-9005. Apr 1986. vii, 47
pp. East-West Center, Population Institute: Honolulu, Hawaii. In Eng.
The implications of current trends in demographic aging in
Australia for economic and social policy are analyzed. "After briefly
reviewing the contemporary demographic aging of Australia's population
and its likely course over the next two decades, the paper examines the
Australian social security system, which differs substantially from
others in most developed countries, including the United States, in
that it is noncontributory and historically has focused on the
alleviation of poverty rather than replacement of earnings."
The
author notes that a change has occurred in that elderly people
increasingly view the pension as an earnings replacement rather than as
a means to alleviate poverty. This change is reflected in
modifications in age at retirement, migration, housing, and living
arrangments among the elderly. The implications of these changes,
particularly for public spending, are assessed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30719 Leeson,
Graham W. Ageing and economic welfare. Genus, Vol.
41, No. 3-4, Jul-Dec 1985. 157-69 pp. Rome, Italy. In Eng. with sum. in
Fre; Ita.
"The purpose of the present paper is to seek to elucidate
the effects of recent and future population development upon the
economic welfare of the Danish population as a whole, but especially of
the elderly." It is shown that the proportion of the elderly in the
total population has increased from 10 percent in 1900 to 20 percent in
1984 and is likely to increase to 21 percent in 2000 and 30 percent in
2025. The consequent increase in the dependency burden on those of
working age is examined. The need for greater economic efficiency,
higher fertility, and increased labor force participation by the
elderly in order for the country to respond to this challenge is
noted.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30720 Lesthaeghe,
R. Relations between generations and the future of the
welfare state: sociological and demographic considerations. [De
verhoudingen tussen generaties en de toekomst van de verzorgingsstaat:
sociologische en demografische beschouwingen.] Tijdschrift voor
Sociologie, Vol. 5, No. 1-2, 1984. 219-37 pp. Gent, Belgium. In Dut.
The implications of recent changes in European patterns of family
formation and dissolution are reviewed. Such changes include a greater
level of self-reliance and a diminishing investment in the family.
This in turn may lead to a greater dependence on the welfare state at a
time when the public sector of the economy is experiencing difficulties
and may be unable to meet the increasing demands placed on it. The
author estimates that the increase in the size of the aged population
and the decrease in the population of working age will not cause
serious problems before the turn of the century. However, a crisis is
likely around the year 2000, as a shrinking labor force will have to
support a rapidly growing number of elderly.
Location:
Harvard College Library, Widener Library, Cambridge, Mass.
52:30721 McNicoll,
Geoffrey. Economic growth under non-replacement
fertility. Center for Policy Studies Working Paper, No. 120, Dec
1985. 39 pp. Population Council, Center for Policy Studies: New York,
New York. In Eng.
"This essay explores the economic implications of
continuing below-replacement fertility in the developed countries of
the West. Effects of low fertility on labor supply, technological
change, and investment and consumption are noted, but their economic
growth and welfare consequences, it is argued, can for the most part be
discounted provided some reasonable degree of institutional
adaptability is present."
The author discusses two aspects of the
economic consequences of below-replacement fertility. "One is the
potential influence of low fertility on income distribution and
economic mobility. Social security issues, while properly seen as
highly important, are only a subset of an intricate mesh of
distributional relationships affected by fertility patterns. The other
area is that of international economic relations, given the trend
toward demographic inconsequence of the rich countries and the
uncertain prospects of their continued technological
dominance."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30722 Oskolkova,
O. "Zero growth" of population and its consequences for
the West. ["Nulevoi rost" naseleniya i ego posledstviya dlya stran
Zapada.] MEMO: Mirovaya Ekonomika i Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya, No. 8,
1985. 41-54, 159 pp. Moscow, USSR. In Rus. with sum. in Eng.
The
consequences of the decline in fertility in Western Europe and Northern
America are analyzed. The author first describes current demographic
trends and suggests that the trend toward population decline is
probably irreversible. Consideration is given to determinants of
fertility such as industrialization, urbanization, women's economic
activity, educational standards, health services, social security,
demographic policy, and income. Factors affecting Western fertility
are identified as inflation, unemployment, and spiritual
impoverishment.
The existence of various schools of thought in
Western countries concerning the implications of these trends is noted.
These include the fear of the environmental impact of further
population growth and the fear of the consequences of population
decline. The author concludes that a period of stable population
growth will mean a decline in the available labor force, an increase in
the age of the labor force, an increase in the number of pensioners, a
change in the structure of demand, and other problems for capitalist
societies.
Location: Princeton University Library (FST).
52:30723 Simon,
Julian L. Theory of population and economic growth.
ISBN 0-631-14427-7. LC 85-28574. 1986. xi, 232 pp. Basil Blackwell: New
York, New York/Oxford, England. In Eng.
The long-term effects of
population growth on standards of living in the developed world are
explored. The author uses the mathematical theory of economic growth
and develops the hypothesis that technological change responds in
various ways to variations in population size, density, and growth.
The main purpose of the book is to provide a practical guide to policy
decisions concerning population matters in large developed
countries.
"The author reviews the theory from Petty and Malthus to
Kaldor, Arrow, and Phelps, and builds upon that base. He provides a
formal supply-demand framework for analysing the quantity of technology
produced under different demographic conditions, and surveys the
relevant empirical evidence. He analyses a learning-by-doing model
which shows that more people imply a higher standard of living. And he
develops the basic growth-theoretic model which, with realistic
parameters, concludes that faster population growth implies higher
income within the next century or two."
Location: New York
Public Library.
52:30724 Tegtmeier,
Werner. The demographic transformation--a challenge to
labor market and social policies. [Der demographische Wandel--eine
Herausforderung an Arbeitsmarkt- und Sozialpolitik.] Allgemeines
Statistisches Archiv, Vol. 70, No. 1, 1986. 97-110 pp. Gottingen,
Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The implications of future
demographic trends for labor market and social policies in the Federal
Republic of Germany are discussed. The focus is on how trends such as
demographic aging and declining fertility will affect the labor market,
employment, and old-age security.
Location: Princeton
University Library (PF).
52:30725 Way, Peter
O. Issues and implications of the aging Japanese
population. CIR Staff Paper, Dec 1984. vii, 128 pp. U.S. Bureau of
the Census, Center for International Research: Washington, D.C. In Eng.
The author examines the implications of demographic aging in Japan.
Current demographic trends that are contributing to the rapid aging of
the population are described. Comparisons are made with the present
and future situations in the United States. Japanese retirement
programs are considered, and the implications of current demographic
trends for the social security burden on the working-age population and
for changes in the traditional social system are reviewed.
This
paper was originally presented at the 1985 Annual Meeting of the
Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 51, No.
3, Fall 1985, pp. 403-4).
Location: East-West Population
Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii. Source: East-West Population
Institute, Acquisitions List, Jan-Feb 1986.
52:30726 Blaxter,
Kenneth. People, food and resources. The R. M. Jones
Lectures in the Development of Ideas, ISBN 0-521-32300-2. LC 85-26941.
1986. xii, 118 pp. Cambridge University Press: New York, New
York/Cambridge, England. In Eng.
This study is concerned with the
global relationships among population, food, and natural resources.
The author begins with the basic theory proposed by Malthus concerning
these relationships. Next, he examines the possibilities for
increasing the nutritional status of the world's population and the
supply of food and other essentials. The moral implications of some of
the economic and scientific advances proposed to resolve such problems
are also considered. The solution to the problems posed are seen to
lie in a combination of population control, population relocation,
education, the selective use of modern technology in land reclamation
and food production, and the development of industry in rural areas of
the developing world.
Location: New York Public Library.
52:30727 Caldwell,
John C.; Reddy, P. H.; Caldwell, Pat. Periodic high risk
as a cause of fertility decline in a changing rural environment:
survival strategies in the 1980-1983 South Indian drought.
Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 34, No. 4, Jul 1986.
677-701 pp. Chicago, Illinois. In Eng.
The authors examine
demographic behavior in an environment characterized by periodic high
risk, with a particular focus on fertility decline in light of
defensive strategies for mitigating risk associated with
drought-induced famine. The data are for 387 households in nine rural
villages in Karnataka, India, surveyed in June and July 1983. Attention
is given to the impact of the two-year drought on life and welfare;
chief disaster-avoidance strategies at the household level; demographic
and social aspects of the drought; and support systems, including
sources of loans.
The instability of rural incomes is seen as a
chief concern of the Indian families interviewed, and reducing
susceptibility to this risk is shown to be a major determinant of
individual and family behavior.
The authors conclude that
"demographic behavior has changed only because there are new strategies
for reducing risk that were not previously available. The major reason
for this new availability is economic change, especially in the form of
the growth of nonagricultural employment. The government has played a
considerable role in reducing rural risk through extending credit
facilities, creating work-for-food programs and assisting with food
supplies during famine....The government's major contribution to the
new risk-aversion strategies and the related decline in fertility has
been the provision of rural schooling and, at least in the short term,
of the family-planning program."
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPIA).
52:30728 Duza, M.
Badrud. Population, resources, environment, and
development: issues and ramifications for the third world. In:
Population and development. Proceedings of the symposium held at Cairo
Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC Research Monograph Series,
No. 14, 1986. 33-58 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
This paper provides a
general resource and environmental perspective for researchers and
other professionals involved in population and development. After
reviewing the general issues of population growth, resources, and the
environment, the author discusses the supply and demand problem and the
carrying capacity of the earth. He concludes with a policy
agenda.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30729 Gilland,
Bernard. On resources and economic development.
Population and Development Review, Vol. 12, No. 2, Jun 1986. 295-305,
377, 379 pp. New York, New York. In Eng. with sum. in Fre; Spa.
"The major climatic effects expected from a doubling of the
concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide can be avoided only by
phasing out the use of fossil fuels over the next century. The cost of
developing nonfossil energy sources and the relationship between growth
of agricultural output and increasing use of energy-intensive inputs,
when considered in relation to the projected growth of world
population, indicate that natural resources will ultimately be a
constraint on economic growth as well as population growth."
It is
noted that "the constraints operating at present, however, are
political and cultural rather than physical."
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30730 Liu,
Ts'ui-jung. Agricultural change and population growth: a
brief survey on the case of China in historical perspective.
Academia Economic Papers, Vol. 14, No. 1, Mar 1986. 29-68 pp. Taipei,
Taiwan. In Eng. with sum. in Chi.
A historical review of the
relationship between agricultural change and population growth in China
is presented. "This paper will try to discuss four aspects of
agricultural change that are related to population growth. They are:
(1) expansion of agricultural frontier, (2) changes in cultivation
methods and land use, (3) improvements in agricultural technology, and
(4) irrigation and water-control. Each of these aspects [is] treated
briefly with temporal and spatial perspectives...."
The relevance of
the Boserup theory that population pressure leads to agricultural
development is considered in the Chinese context. It is found that
some evidence supports the theory.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30731 Podhisita,
Chai. Peasant household strategies: a study of production
and reproduction in a northeastern Thai village. Pub. Order No.
DA8528781. 1985. 419 pp. University Microfilms International: Ann
Arbor, Michigan. In Eng.
The adoption of new agricultural
techniques and the limitation of family size are observed among
residents of a village in northeastern Thailand. "An analysis suggests
that production factors play a dominant role in the relationship
between household production and reproduction. The findings allow an
interpretation in light of the adaptive model by which productive and
reproductive strategies are viewed as 'peasant adaptation'."
This
work was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at the University of
Hawaii.
Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, A:
Humanities and Social Sciences 46(10).
52:30732 Soemarwoto,
Otto. A quantitative model of population pressure and its
potential use in development planning. Majalah Demografi
Indonesia/Indonesian Journal of Demography, Vol. 12, No. 24, Dec 1985.
i-ii, 1-15 pp. Jakarta, Indonesia. In Eng. with sum. in Ind.
An
attempt is made to develop a quantitative model of the concept of
population pressure, using the example of population pressure on land
resources in agricultural societies. "The model shows that
environmental quality is tied to population growth and that population
pressure does not bear relationship with population density." The
implications of the findings for development planning are
considered.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30733 Tellier,
Luc-Normand. Demographic growth and food production in
developing countries: a non-linear model. Ekistics, Vol. 52, No.
313, Jul-Aug 1985. 383-8 pp. Athens, Greece. In Eng.
The systems
approach is used to simulate the evolution of the relationships among
population growth, food production, agricultural extension, and
intensification of cultivation in developing countries. A simple model
is developed and applied to data concerning the famine and drought
problems in Niger and ecological systems in the Sahel
region.
Location: Princeton University Library (UES).
52:30734 Bernhardt,
Eva M. Women's home attachment at first birth: the case
of Sweden. European Journal of Population/Revue Europeenne de
Demographie, Vol. 2, No. 1, May 1986. 5-29 pp. Amsterdam, Netherlands.
In Eng. with sum. in Fre.
"The impact of the transition to
parenthood on the labour-force activity of Swedish women one year after
first birth is studied using data from the 1981 Swedish Fertility
Survey. The probability of remaining at home one year after delivery
is found to be significantly affected by length of education, marital
status, early labour-force withdrawal and duration of union." Data are
for a sample of 4,300 women aged 20-44.
This paper is also published
as Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, No. 28, Stockholm, Sweden,
University of Stockholm, Oct 1985.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30735 Breton,
Albert. Marriage, population, and the labour force
participation of women. ISBN 0-660-11502-6. LC 84-184530. 1984. x,
33 pp. Economic Council of Canada: Ottawa, Canada. In Eng.
The
author constructs a model to explain the differences observed between
male and female participation in the labor force. "The explanation (or
hypothesis) proposed in this essay rests on some organizational
features of marriage markets....I suggest that the difference in the
conditions and terms under which men and women participate in the
labour force is related to the structure of marriage markets and of the
markets in which the commodities produced in marriages can also be
purchased--namely, sex, children, security, and so on."
According to
the author, "the structure of the marriage market helps to determine
the differences between men and women in the volume of schooling
acquired, in the type of subjects studied, and in the occupational
choices made. These differences, in turn, help to determine the
differences in the extent of labour force participation, and in the
level and configuration (age profile) of earnings." Policy
implications of the model are discussed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (FST).
52:30736 Bubnova, E.
M. Demographic waves and labor resources. Problems of
Economics, Vol. 29, No. 3, Jul 1986. 61-8 pp. Armonk, New York. In Eng.
The author examines the causes, nature, and socioeconomic
consequences of medium-term fluctuations in the sizes of age groups in
the Soviet Union, with particular attention to the impact on the
dynamics of the nation's labor resources. Developments since World War
I are outlined, and projections through the end of the twentieth
century are summarized. Changes over time in the age distribution of a
small population in a Kama River community are used as an
example.
This is a translation of the Russian article in Ekonomika i
Organizatsiya Promyshlennogo Proizvodstva, No. 6, 1985, pp. 159-66.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
52:30737 El-Biblawi,
Hayam A. Some implications of education on labour force
and economic development in Egypt. In: Population and development.
Proceedings of the symposium held at Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7
November 1985. CDC Research Monograph Series, No. 14, 1986. 365-96 pp.
Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
The impact of education on the quality and
size of the labor force in Egypt is analyzed using data from the 1960
and 1976 censuses and the 1982 Labour Force Sample Survey. The role of
education in the utilization of the labor force and its impact on
unemployment and underemployment are also
considered.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30738 Elchardus,
M.; Martin, A. Labor market commitment of women: the
influence of task structure, degree of control, and other job
characteristics. [De beroepsverbondenheid van vrouwen: de invloed
van de takenstructuur, van de mate van gecontroleerdheid en van andere
eigenschappen van de arbeidssituatie.] Bevolking en Gezin, No. 3, Dec
1985. 311-35 pp. Brussels, Belgium. In Dut. with sum. in Eng.
The
labor force participation of women in the Flemish region of Belgium is
examined using data from a probability sample of 1,321 women born
between 1930 and 1955. The focus is on the relationship between job
characteristics and the continuity of employment. The results indicate
that job quality and interest are major factors affecting the
continuation of women's labor force participation, particularly after
having a child.
"The effects of the quality of the job are mostly
direct and have only a small effect on fertility behaviour. Women with
interesting jobs do tend to continue their labour market participation,
(almost) irrespective of the number of children they
get."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30739 El-Tahir,
El-Tahir M. Human resources and development in the
Sudan. In: Population and development. Proceedings of the
symposium held at Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC
Research Monograph Series, No. 14, 1986. 397-407 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In
Eng.
The author discusses various aspects of human resources and
development in Sudan. Topics considered include economic activity
rates, the occupational and industrial composition of the labor force,
unemployment and underemployment, and labor force supply and demand.
Labor force projections for the period 1985-2000 are
provided.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30740 Faidutti,
Anne-Marie. The reorganization of the role of foreigners
in the active population of France given the combined effects of the
economic crisis and their permanent settlement. [La reorganisation
de la place des etrangers dans la population active francaise sous la
double influence de la crise et de la sedentarisation.] Espace,
Populations, Societes, No. 2, 1986. 16, 191-6 pp. Villeneuve d'Ascq,
France. In Fre. with sum. in Eng.
An analysis of the role of
foreigners in the labor force of France is presented using data from
the 1982 census. The author notes that foreigners made up 8 percent of
the male labor force in 1982, compared with 9.3 percent in 1975.
Changes in the type of activity performed by foreigners over time are
discussed. It is noted that while migrants of Moroccan, Portuguese,
and Turkish origin continue to work largely in jobs traditionally
filled by immigrants, Italians, Spaniards, and Algerians are found in
an increasingly wide range of jobs, indicating the increasing level of
their permanent integration into the population.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30741 Feldman,
Jacob J. Work ability of the aged under conditions of
improving mortality. In: Consequences of mortality trends and
differentials. Population Studies, No. 95; ST/ESA/SER.A/95, Pub. Order
No. E.85.XIII.3. ISBN 92-1-151149-6. 1986. 185-91 pp. U.N. Department
of International Economic and Social Affairs: New York, New York. In
Eng.
The author seeks to clarify some of the issues surrounding the
designation of an appropriate retirement age. A primary focus of the
discussion is the extent to which improved mortality conditions
actually reflect improved health. Data for the United States are
presented showing declining death rates and increased work disability
rates. Anticipated future developments, including the concept of the
compression of infirmity, are mentioned.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30742 Fossett,
Mark A.; Galle, Omer R.; Burr, Jeffrey A. Racial
occupational inequality, 1940-1980: the impact of the changing
regional distribution of the black population on inequality at the
national level. Texas Population Research Center Papers, Series 8:
1986, No. 8.012, 1986. 27, [5] pp. University of Texas, Texas
Population Research Center: Austin, Texas. In Eng.
"This paper
investigates the impact of the changing regional distribution of the
[U.S.] black population on trends in occupational inequality between
black and white men aged 25-64 at the national level between 1940 and
1980. Standardization techniques are used to estimate the impact of two
forces promoting change in aggregate racial inequality. The first is
changes in compositional differences between blacks and whites
reflected in shifts in the distribution of blacks and whites across
age, education, and region categories. The second is changes in the
relative occupational opportunities for blacks reflected in shifts in
the occupation distributions for blacks and whites with similar
characteristics of age, education, and region of residence."
The
findings show that "aggregate inequality between blacks and whites
declined at the national level in each decade between 1940 and 1980,
but the reasons for the declines differed across the decades. In the
1940s and 1950s, changes in the regional distribution of the black
population played the dominant role in generating reductions in
inequality at the national level, and changes in the relative
opportunity structure for blacks served to increase rather than
diminish inequality. In contrast, in the 1960s and 1970s, changes in
relative occupational opportunities for blacks played the dominant role
in generating reductions in inequality, and changes in the regional
distribution of the black population had only a minor impact."
This
paper was originally presented at the 1985 Annual Meeting of the
Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 51, No.
3, Fall 1985, p. 381).
Location: Princeton University
Library (SPR).
52:30743 Kantner,
Andrew. Human resources and development. In:
Population and development. Proceedings of the symposium held at Cairo
Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC Research Monograph Series,
No. 14, 1986. 319-63 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In Eng.
The author discusses
the relationship of labor force supply and participation to the
structure of social and economic change in developing countries. He
presents an agenda of program priorities for human resources
development that covers rural development, education, social welfare
programs, female economic activity, and population distribution
policies.
Tabular data for selected developing countries are
included on population and labor force growth, 1970-2000; crude
economic activity rates by sex; population density by land area, 1982;
percentage of labor force in agriculture, industry, and services, 1960
and 1980; and urban population structure and growth,
1960-1982.
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30744 Klauder,
Wolfgang. Effects of future population trends on the labor
market--analyses based on projections prepared by the Institute for
Research on the Labor Market and Occupations. [Auswirkungen der
zukunftigen Bevolkerungsentwicklung auf den Arbeitsmarkt--Analysen auf
der Grundlage von Modellrechnungen des Instituts fur Arbeitsmarkt- und
Berufsforschung.] Allgemeines Statistisches Archiv, Vol. 70, No. 1,
1986. 75-96 pp. Gottingen, Germany, Federal Republic of. In Ger.
The effects of future population trends, such as demographic aging,
declining fertility, and changes in migration, on the labor market in
the Federal Republic of Germany are analyzed up to the year 2000. The
study is based on projections prepared by the Institute for Research on
the Labor Market and Occupations. Topics discussed include demographic
trends as a cause of current unemployment, labor market phases and
demographic trends since 1950, the projection model used, age-specific
projections of the potential labor force, and labor market
projections.
Location: Princeton University Library (PF).
52:30745 Nakano,
Eiko; Yamamoto, Chizuko; Inaba, Hisashi. The work career
of married women in Japan. Jinko Mondai Kenkyu/Journal of
Population Problems, No. 178, Apr 1986. 33-47 pp. Tokyo, Japan. In Jpn.
with sum. in Eng.
The work careers of women belonging to the
1960-1964 and 1970-1974 marriage cohorts in Japan are analyzed using
retrospective data from a 1984 survey concerning the labor force
participation of married women in four areas of the country. Cohort
effects and age effects are differentiated, and the characteristics of
part-time and full-time employment are assessed.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30746 Owen, D.
W.; Green, A. E. Modelling population and sectoral
employment change in British local labour market areas, 1971-81.
Centre for Urban and Regional Development Studies Discussion Paper, No.
61, Nov 1984. 38 pp. University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Centre for
Urban and Regional Development Studies: Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
In Eng.
"In this paper, data on population change from the 1971 and
1981 Censuses of Population [of the United Kingdom], and on
manufacturing and service employment change from the 1971 and 1981
Censuses of Employment is used to investigate the relationship between
population and employment change over the decade at the Local Labour
Market Area (LLMA) scale. The relative importance of selected aspects
of urban structure, population and labour market characteristics as
causal factors in determining population and employment change is
assessed using a series of regression models."
The findings indicate
"a clear correspondence between population growth and increasing
employment in the service sector, and between declining manufacturing
employment and population loss. The overall picture emerging of
Britain in the 1970s is one of a declining manufacturing 'heartland',
contrasting with rapid population and employment growth in the towns
and cities located outside the Metropolitan Regions. It is concluded
that, in terms of growth prospects, the division between the 'Old' and
'New' Britain appears firmly established, and likely to
persist."
Location: Princeton University Library (SPR).
52:30747 Schettkat,
Ronald. Population and employment behavior trends in
Austria, Sweden, and the Federal Republic of Germany.
[Bevolkerungs- und Erwerbsverhaltensentwicklung in Osterreich, Schweden
und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland.] IIM/LMP Discussion Papers, No.
84-12, Jul 1984. 48 pp. Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin, Internationales
Institut fur Management und Verwaltung: Berlin, Germany, Federal
Republic of. In Ger. with sum. in Eng.
"This paper analyses the
developments of the registered labour supply (labour force) in Austria,
Sweden and the Federal Republic of Germany during the 60s and 70s. The
overall change in the labour force is divided into three components:
the change in population, the change in age and sex structure and the
change in employment behaviour. At first for each country the overall
changes in the labour force are shown, then the analysis [goes] into
more detail looking at the effects of employment behaviour in age and
sex categories."
Location: International Labour Office,
Geneva, Switzerland.
52:30748
Shantakumar, G. Perspective manpower development
in Singapore. In: Population and development. Proceedings of the
symposium held at Cairo Demographic Centre, 3-7 November 1985. CDC
Research Monograph Series, No. 14, 1986. 419-41 pp. Cairo, Egypt. In
Eng.
The author discusses labor force trends in Singapore from 1957
through 1983, including participation and unemployment rates, labor
demand and productivity in various sectors, and occupational
distribution. Manpower planning, problems related to the employment of
foreign workers and older workers, and strategies for sustained
economic growth are also considered.
Location: Princeton
University Library (SPR).
52:30749 Thomson,
Peter. Sources of local employment information: a
comparison of census of employment data with 1981 population census
workplace data. Journal of Economic and Social Measurement, Vol.
13, No. 1, Apr 1985. 39-48 pp. New York, New York. In Eng.
The two
main sources of data on employment in the United Kingdom, the
population census and the census of employment, are compared. The
differences in the data they provide are identified, and their
respective defects and limitations are outlined. Consideration is
given to techniques for estimating employment for small local areas
using the example of the West Midlands Region.
Location:
Princeton University Library (SPR).
